UNIT 3.

GREEN LIVING

A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. VOCABULARY
1. VOCABULARY
No. Word Part of Pronunciation Meaning
speech
1 bookmark n /'bʊkˌmɑ:k/ kẹp sách
2 cap n /'kæp/ nắp (chai)
3 cardboard n /'ka:dbɔ:d/ bìa cứng, làm bằng bìa cứng
4 compost n /'kɒmpɒst/ phân hữu cơ
5 concern n /kən'sɜ:n/ mối bận tâm
6 container n /kən'teɪnə/ thùng, hộp
7 ecotour n /'i:kəʊtʊə/ du lịch sinh thái
ə
8 grocery n /'grəʊs ri/ đồ tạp hóa
9 ground n /graʊnd/ mặt đất
10 jug n /ʤʌg/ cái bình
11 landfill n /'lændfɪl/ bãi rác
12 layer n /'leɪə/ lớp
13 leaflet n /'li:flɪt/ tờ rơi
14 leftover n /'leftˌəʊ.vər/ thức ăn thừa
15 litter n/v /'lɪtə/ rác/ xả rác
16 notice n/v /'nəʊtɪs/ thông báo/chú ý
17 packaging n /'pækɪʤɪŋ/ bao bì
18 pile n /paɪl/ chồng, đống
19 process n /'prəʊses/ quá trình
20 skin n /skɪn/ vỏ
21 takeaway n /'teɪkəweɪ/ đồ ăn mang đi
22 waste n /weɪst/ sự lãng phí/rác thải
23 automatic adj /ˌɔ:tə'mætɪk/ tự động
24 bottled adj /'bɒtəld/ đóng chai
25 coloured adj /'kʌləd/ có màu sắc
26 eco-friendly adj /'i:kəʊ/-/'frendli/ thân thiện với môi trường
27 leaking adj /'li:kɪŋ/ rò rỉ
28 single-use adj /'sɪŋgəl/-/ju:z/ sử dụng một lần
29 sustainable adj /sə'steɪnəbəl/ bền vững
30 decompose v / ˌdi:kəm'pəʊz/ phân hủy
 31 judge v /'ʤʌʤ/ đánh giá
32 pack v /pæk/ đóng gói
33 propose v /prə'pəʊz/ đề nghị
34 recommend v /ˌrekə'mend/ gợi ý
35 refill v /'ri:fɪl/ đổ đầy lại
36 release v /rɪ'li:s/ thải ra
37 remove v /rɪ'mu:v/ bỏ đi
38 sort v /sɔ:t/ phân loại
39 store v /stɔ:r/ lưu trữ

2. PHRASES/COLLOCATIONS
No. Phrase Part of Pronunciation Meaning
speech
40 in the long run phrase /ɪn/ /ðə/ /lɒŋ/ /rʌn/ về lâu dài
41 in the long/ phrase /ɪn/ /ðə/ /lɒŋ/ / /'mi:diəm/ / về lâu dài/ trong thời gian
medium/short term /ʃɔ:t/ /tɜ:m/ không xa/ trong thời gian
trước mắt
42 environmentally friendly adj /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentəli/ thân thiện với môi trường
/'frendli/
43 responsible for phrase /rɪ'spɒnsəbəl/ /fɔ:/ chịu trách nhiệm cho
44 automatic lights np /ɔ:tə'mætɪk/ /laɪts/ đèn chiếu sáng tự động
45 bamboo straw np /bæm'bu:/ /strɔ:/ ống hút tre
46 bird feeder np /bɜ:d/ /'fi:də/ chỗ cho chim ăn
47 carbon footprint np /'kɑ:bən/ /'fʊtprɪnt/ lượng phát thải khí nhà kính
48 cardboard box np /'kɑ:dbɔ:d/ /bɒks/ thùng bìa cứng
49 chemical fertiliser adj-n /'kemɪkəl/ /'fɜ:tɪlaɪzə/ phân bón hóa học
50 drinking fountain np /'drɪŋkɪŋ/ 'faʊntɪn/ vòi nước uống
ə ə
51 environmental adj-n /ɪnˌvaɪr nˈment l/ nhận thức về môi trường
awareness /ə'weənəs/
52 fruit peel np /fru:t/ /pi:l/ vỏ trái cây
53 gift tag np /gift/ /tæg/ thẻ quà tặng
54 greeting card np /'gri:tɪŋ/ /kɑ:d/ thiệp mừng
55 household waste np /'haʊshəʊld/ /weɪst/ rác thải sinh hoạt
56 plant pot np /plɑ:nt/ /pɒt/ chậu cây
57 plastic pollution adj-n /'plæstɪk/ /pə'lu:ʃən/ sự ô nhiễm nhựa
58 post-it note np /pəʊst/-/ɪt/ /nəʊt/ giấy ghi chú
59 private vehicle adj-n /'praɪvət/ /'vɪəkθl/ phương tiện cá nhân
ə
60 recycling symbol np /ˌri:'saɪklɪŋ/ /'sɪmb l/ biểu tượng tái chế
 61 sensor tap np /'sensə/ /tæp/ vòi nước cảm biến
62 sky lantern np /skaɪ/ /'læntən/ đèn trời
63 vending machine np /'vendɪŋ/ /mə'ʃi:n/ mày bán hàng tự động
64 waste material np /weɪst/ /mə'tɪəriəl/ chất thải
65 water filling station np /'wɔ:tə/ /'fɪlɪŋ/ cây nước
/'steɪʃən/
66 Youth Union np /ju:θ/ /'ju:njən/ Đoàn Thanh niên
67 clean up vp /kli:n/ /ʌp/ dọn dẹp
68 get rid of vp /get/ /rɪd/ /ɒv/ vứt đi
69 make use of vp /meɪk/ /ju:z/ /ɒv/ tận dụng
70 put into practice phrase /pʊt/ /'ɪntu:/ /'præktɪs/ đưa vào thực tế
71 rinse out vp /rɪns/ /aʊt/ xối nước, rửa sạch
72 rush out vp /rʌʃ/ /aʊt/ vội vã ra ngoài
73 throw away vp /θrəʊ/ /ə'weɪ/ vứt đi

THỰC HÀNH
VOCABULARY
Task 1. Write the words/phrases below the pictures.
jug cardboard box vending machine leftovers greeting card
bookmark leaflet fruit peel plant pot cap
bird feeder sky lantern bamboo straw post-it-note

1. _______________________ 2. _______________________

3. _______________________ 4. _______________________
5. _______________________ 6. _______________________

7. _______________________
8. _______________________

9. _______________________ 10. _______________________

11. _______________________ 12. _______________________

13. _______________________ 14. _______________________

1. fruit peel
2. cardboard box
3. jug
4. plant pot
5. sky lantern
6. greeting card
7. leaflet
8. post-it-note
9. vending machine
10. bird feeder
11. leftovers
12. cap
13. bamboo straw
14. bookmark

Task 2. Match each word on the left with the word that has OPPOSITE meaning on the right.

1. single-use a. useless

2. contaminated b. non-renewable

3. sustainable c. manual

4. automatic d. eco-friendly

5. efficient e. reusable
Your answer: 1 ______ 2 ______ 3 ______ 4 ______ 5 ______
1-e 2-d 3-b 4-c 5-a

Task 3. Match the words/phrases on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. carbon footprint a. a place where rubbish is buried
2. ecotour b. something that covers or is between other things
3. landfill c. a type of tourism that focuses on protecting the environment
4. container d. decaying material of plants, unwanted food, etc., added to dirt to improve
the growth of new plants
5. compost e. a bad use of something valuable that you have only a limited amount of
6. packaging f. the material used to wrap or protect products
 7. layer g. a measure of the amount of carbon dioxide that is produced
8. waste h. something such as a box or a bottle, which can be used for holding or
keeping things
Your answer: 1 ______ 2 ______ 3 ______ 4 ______
5 ______ 6 ______ 7 ______ 8 ______
1-g 2-c 3-a 4-h 5-d 6-f 7-b 8-e

Task 4. Complete each sentence with a suitable word/phrase from Task 3.

1. Reducing my __________ has become a priority in my efforts to live a greener life.
2. My family are planning a/an __________ to explore beautiful natural landscapes while learning about
conservation efforts next summer.
3. It is essential to fix the leaking tap since it is a __________ of water.
4. Choosing products with minimal __________ helps decrease the amount of waste produced.
5. You should carry a reusable water __________ to avoid contributing to the plastic waste problem.
6. I was shocked to learn how much waste ends up in the __________ , so I always try to reduce my use of
single-use products.
7. Settingup a __________ bin in my backyard has been a great way to turn leftovers into nutrient-rich soil
for my garden.
8. I often put a thick __________ of compost into the soil, which helps plants grow more healthily.
1. carbon footprint
2. ecotour
3. waste
4. packaging
5. container
6. landfill
7. compost
8. layer

Task 5. Complete each sentence with a suitable phrase from the box. Make any change if necessary.
clean up rinse out throwaway get rid of
make use of put into rush out make of
1. A sustainable way to __________ unwanted items is donating or repurposing them.
2. After finishing a reusable container, it's crucial to __________ it __________ to ensure it's ready for the
next use.
3. To support eco-friendly habits, you should __________ energy-efficient appliances and renewable
resources in your daily life.
4. My club often organises Green Day campaigns to __________ the nearby beach.
5. It’s essential to learn about eco-friendly habits and __________ them __________ practise for a greener
and healthier environment.
6. We sometimes __________ and forget to turn off the light after leaving our rooms, which leads to a
waste of electricity.
7. I have a habit of reusing plastic bags instead of __________ them __________ after single use.
8. We should be mindful of choosing products __________ plastic to minimise environmental impact.
1. get rid of 2. rinse out 3. make use of 4. clean up
5. put-into 6. rush out 7. throwing-away 8. made of

Task 6. Complete each sentence below with a suitable verb from the box. Make any changes if necessary.
refill ecompose reuse release remove
sort store recycle pack contaminate
1. Organic waste will naturally __________ over time, contributing to a more sustainable and eco-friendly
environment.
2. Make it a habit to __________ containers and plastic bags, minimising the need for single-use items.
3. It is essential to avoid products that __________ harmful chemicals into the environment.
4. You should __________ your waste into recyclables and non-recyclables to make recycling processes
more efficient.
5. When you __________ for a trip, consider using eco-friendly packaging options to promote green living.
6. If you put some plastic containers with some leftovers into the recycling bin, you will __________ the
whole bin.
7. I bring my reusable water bottle to school every day and __________ it at the water filling stations.
8. __________ litter from public spaces contributes to a more environmentally friendly area.
9. Many materials like paper, glass, and plastic can be __________ to make new products.
10. When you __________ recyclable items separately, you make it easier for waste management systems
to efficiently recycle materials.
1. decompose
2. reuse
3. release
4. sort
5. pack
6. contaminate
7. refill
8. Removing
9. recycled
10. store

Task 7. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. Joining the Youth Union provides an excellent platform to engage in environmental projects and raise
__________ .
A. sensor B. notice C. ecotour D. awareness
2. Installing __________ lights in the school can contribute to saving a great amount of electricity.
A. automatic B. contaminated C. festive D. coloured
3. I use __________ instead of plastic ones to reduce plastic waste and promote green practices.
A. air conditioners B. bamboo straws C. gift tags D. private vehicles
4. I always carry a reusable water bottle to avoid using __________ water, leading to the reduction of plastic
pollution.
A. chemical B. recycled C. bottled D. leaking
5. To protect the environment __________ the long run, we should shift towards more sustainable
practices.
A. on B. for C. at D. in
6. I __________ using eco-friendly materials made from recycled paper to reduce environmental impact.
A. propose B. decompose C. release D. judge
7. A sensor tap in the bathroom is a great way to save water and contribute to _________ living.
A. efficient B. single-use
C. reusable D. environmental-friendly
8. Installing a water filling __________ in public areas encourages the use of reusable bottles.
A. grocery B. station C. fountain D. skin
9. Environmental awareness __________ distributed in the community educate people on green living
practices.
A. concerns B. jugs C. leaflets D. caps
10. I feel __________ for promoting green living, so I share eco-friendly tips with my friends and family.
A. additional B. efficient C. sustainable D. responsible
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. D
Task 8. Fill in each blank with a suitable word or phrase from the box.
household
cutting down energy sustainable eco-friendly
appliances
greenhouse natural carbon
litter organic
1. People who drop _________________ can be fined in some cities.
2. To conserve electricity, they are _________________ on the central heating.
3. Ovens, irons, refrigerators, driers, etc. are _________________.
4. Hydrogenase airships offer an _________________ means of transportation.
5. _________________ tourism is environmentally responsible travel to natural areas.
6. Some _________________, such as natural gas and fossil fuel, cannot be replaced.
7. The ‘green’ housing community uses renewable _________________ sources such as
solar power.
8. _________________ food is unadulterated food produced without artificial chemicals
or pesticides.
9. _________________ include chlorofluorocarbons, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon
dioxide.
10. A _________________ is the total amount of greenhouse gases that are generated by
our actions.
Task 9. Complete the sentences with the words given.
appliance eco-
footprint energy clean-up issues
s friendly
awarenes
lifestyle activities litter aim event
1. Environmental _________________ has increased dramatically over the past decades.
2. The _________________ of the mud slide will take several days.
3. You should answer the questions to calculate your business’s environmental
_________________.
4. The charity held a planned _________________ of a sponsored five-kilometre walk to raise
fund for the homeless.
5. There will be an international meeting to discuss environmental _________________.
6. Regular exercise is a part of a healthy _________________.
7. The _________________ of the project is to encourage people to cut down on-waste.
8. The children were encouraged to take part in different _________________.
9. We should use _________________ products that are designed to do the least damage to
the environment.
10. People who drop _________________ can be fined in some cities.
11. His new job is to make sure lights and electrical _________________ are switched off
when they are not used.
12. Batteries store _________________ from the solar panels.
Task 10. Complete the sentences with the words given below.

poison pollute destro waste burn save reuse recycl

s y e
1. Using cars _________________ the atmosphere.
2. It’s wrong to _________________ trees. We need them.
3. People must _________________ the tigers in India.
4. We sometimes _________________ plastic cartons We put small plants in them.
5. It’s important to _________________ more paper and glass.
6. Some families buy a lot of food and don t cat them. They _________________ it.
7. Rubbish in the river can _________________ the fish.
8. It’s bad for the environment to _________________ plastic bags.
Task 11. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. Recyclable products should not be ended up in open sites.
A. landfill B. leftover C. resource D. footprint
2. It’s such a of clean water when you forget to turn the tap off.
A. awareness B. waste C. pile D. packaging
3. Many high school students volunteered to the polluted river.
A. get rid of B. go green C. rinse out D. clean up
4. In order to reduce our , we should cycle or take a bus to school instead of
using motorbikes.
A. cardboard B. leftover C. fruit peel D. carbon footprint
5. It takes hundreds of years for one plastic bottle to in the ground.
A. release B. reuse C. decompose D. recycle
6. Several traditional customs that can do damage to the environment should be changed for a more
future.
A. sustainable B. reusable C. single-use D. recyclable
7. Ms. Brown often uses leftovers to make her own _.
A. waste B. container C. compost D. layer
8. The water has become undrinkable because it has been with lead.
A. sorted B. decomposed C. recycled D. contaminated
9. Different kinds of waste are dumped in sites.
A. landfill B. leftover C. resource D. Footprint
10. Leaving the tap running while washing the dishes is purely a of clean water.
A. awareness B. waste C. pile D. Packaging
11. We organised a community event to the polluted beaches.
A. get rid of B. go green C. rinse out D. clean up
12. By taking fewer flights, we can help to reduce significantly.
A. cardboard B. leftover C. fruit peel D. carbon footprint
13. Plastic bags very slowly, which poses a threat to the ecosystem.
A. release B. reuse C. decompose D. recycle
 14. Protecting the environment is crucial for a more future.
A. sustainable B. reusable C. single-use D. recyclable
15. We can use leftovers to make simple to enrich the soil.
A. waste B. container C. compost D. layer
16. The ocean was as a result of a recent oil spill.
A. sorted B. decomposed C. recycled D. contaminated
17. plastics do much harm to the environment and should be replaced with
reusable alternatives.
A. Single-use B. Breathtaking C. Extinct D. Sustainable
18. You can use fruit peels to make compost instead of them.
A. making use of B. cleaning up C. rinsing out D. getting rid of
19. The injured squirrel had been treated before being _ to its natural habitat.
A. boycotted B. reintroduced C. recycled D. punished
20. Oil spills pose a significant danger to the survival of communities.
A. powered B. sustainable C. conscious D. marine
21. Many consumers choose to _ clothing items that are made from animal parts.
A. emit B. breed C. boycott D. Sort
22. There has been a significant decline in fish populations due to .
A. overfishing B. publicity C. hospitality D. scenery
23. Businesses that adopt environmentally-friendly practices are given , such as
paying less tax.
A. layers B. leftovers C. piles D. incentives
24. We air pollution as long as we travel by public transport.
A. can reduce B. would reduce C. reduced D. would have reduced
Task 12. Complete each sentence using the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. __________ shopping bags and containers are excellent choices forthose leading a green living lifestyle.
(REUSE)
2. The __________ materials were transformed into new products, showcasing the positive impact of
sustainable living practices. (RECYCLABLE)
3. A major source of air __________ is exhaust fumes from vehicles, emphasising the need for green living
solutions. (POLLUTANT)
4. Place a visible __________ in your home to encourage the proper recycling of materials. (REMIND)
5. The __________ water supply posed a significant threat to the environment. (CONTAMINATE)
6. Avoiding single-use plastics is an __________ way to decrease environmental pollution. (EFFICIENCY)
1. Reusable
2. recycled
3. pollution
4. reminder
5. contaminated
6. efficient
IV. READING
Task 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Green living is a means of developing (1) ________ habits in one's daily life (2) ________ their daily routines
work alongside the resources of nature instead of depleting them, or doing more long-term damage to the
environment or ecological system.
The most common way (3) ________ people become more aware (4) ________ the vital aspects to green
living are through the need to reduce pollution, to protect our wildlife from going extinct, and to preserve
our conservation of natural resources. Predominantly, people recognize that green living can alleviate the
rapidly increasing rates of climate change and global warming.
There are a multitude of benefits to green living. Green living is an easy way to directly reduce your carbon
(5) ________ and overall global emissions. By implementing simple habits like reducing your use of plastic
or electricity consumption, you immediately make a difference in pollution - even if you can't see it. One of
the primary components of green living is to (6) ________ use of what you already have: i.e., the famous
saying of, “reduce, reuse, recycle”. (7) ________ green living trend that grew in popularity due to the
pandemic was gardening. More and more people have decided to grow their own produce at home, and (8)
________ so helps reduce both food waste and excessive use of plastic (9) ________ . Finally, green living
can create a domino effect. If one person sees how well you’re doing thanks to green living, then they (10)
________ to try the same. The fight against climate change is a collective battle, and if we can slowly create
change and encourage greener habits - we can strive for a colossal impact and drastically reduce the
negative effects of global warming.
Adapted from https://greenly.earth/en-us/blog/company-guide/what-is-green-living
1. A. sustainably B. unsustainable C. sustainable D. sustainability
2. A. because B. but C. although D. so that
3. A. which B. what C. why D. how
4. A. for B. to C. about D. of
5. A. leftover B. material C. footprint D. container
6. A. take B. make C. have D. do
7. A. Another B. Other C. The other D. One another
8. A. to do B. have done C. doing D. to doing
9. A. recyclables B. leaflets C. compost D. packaging
10. A. will inspire B. will be inspired C. would inspire D. would be inspired
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B

Task 2. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The pandemic and the lockdown have ruined businesses worldwide. Businesses will want to make
commitments to the environment as they try to recover, especially as some governments reduce
requirements for environmental protection.
This is short-sighted: Businesses do not have to sacrifice their environmental goals for protecting their
growth. Green ideas like offering green products or services, introducing green processes and hiring
employees to promote sustainable practices can actually help businesses. Using data on 9,236 businesses in
35 countries across Europe and the US, our research suggests that on average, businesses benefit from
going green, although the type of greening that gives the most significant benefit may differ between
businesses.
By offering new green products or services, a business is more likely to serve an emerging trend or niche
market, which can make it more competitive. Frugalpac, a UK-based company that makes paper-based
packaging for liquids that cut carbon footprints, received a £2 million investment during the pandemic - a
time when most other companies were facing financial problems. Already seeing success for their recycled
paper coffee cup, Frugalpac's innovative paper wine bottle, also made from 94% recycled paper, has led to
new opportunities and partnerships.
Job seekers are increasingly attracted to companies that care for the environment. The employees of
companies that promote sustainability are more likely to believe that their employer will care for them, and
are more satisfied with their jobs. Such companies create a higher sense of purpose that makes work
meaningful. By some estimates, companies that follow green practices have a 16% increase in employee
productivity. Some of the greenest companies, such as Cisco, Tarmac or Stantec, are also considered the
greatest companies by employees.
Greening processes can increase efficiency by reducing energy costs, allowing businesses to secure green
tax credits and improving operational efficiency. As many as 75% of UK businesses that invested in green
technologies enjoyed commercial benefits, even if financial concerns are barriers to making these green
investments in the first place. For large companies such as Procter & Gamble, these gains can run into
billions of pounds. In contrast, in cases where businesses harm the environment, they have to be prepared
to pay for huge costs.
Adapted from https://theconversation.com/going-green-dramatically-benefits-businesses-it- should-be-central-to-their-
coronavirus-recovery-strategy-143855
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Global Impact of the Pandemic on Businesses
B. The Importance of Green Practices for Companies
C. Employee Productivity in Green Companies
D. Increased Efficiency Gained by Going Green
2. The word “ruined” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. threatened B. assisted C. promoted D. proposed
3. Which of the following is stated in paragraph 2?
A. It is crucial for businesses to sacrifice their environmental goals to protect their growth.
B. Greening initiatives, such as offering green products can be harmful to businesses.
C. Hiring employees to refuse sustainable practices is a measure to go green.
D. Benefits of going green may be unsimilar among different types of businesses.
4. Which benefit does a business offering green products get according to paragraph 3?
A. the decrease in competitiveness
B. the increase in new financial struggles
C. the development in a large market
D. the development in a niche market and increased competitiveness
5. According to paragraph 4, why do job seekers want to apply for companies promoting sustainability?
A. because they give higher salary offerings.
B. because they have a high sense of achievement.
C. because they care for the environment and their employees.
D. because they offer innovative products.
6. The word ‘secure’ in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. sort B. exist C. remove D. ensure
7. The word ‘they' in paragraph 5 refers to ________.
A. technologies B. businesses C. investments D. gains
8. What is a potential benefit mentioned for businesses that follow green practices according to paragraph
5?
A. lower employee productivity
B. increased operational inefficiency
C. decreased energy costs
D. limited access to green tax credits
9. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The more employees care for the environment, the more they are satisfied with their jobs.
B. Businesses should focus solely on financial recovery after the pandemic.
C. Financial concerns are always main obstacles to businesses making green investments.
D. Frugalpac's success during the pandemic demonstrates the potential of green initiatives.
10. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The pandemic and lockdown have had a negative impact on businesses worldwide.
B. A quarter of UK businesses investing in green technologies gained commercial benefits.
C. Frugalpac did not face financial problems like most other companies during the pandemic.
D. Proctor & Gamble is mentioned as a large company benefiting from green practices.