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UNIT 1: FUNCTIONS OF NOUNS AND VERBS

Khóa học Toeic 450 +
Cô Vũ Thị Mai Phương
_____________________________________

A. Danh Từ

1.

➢ Làm chủ ngữ - subject + verb

✓ Companies should comply with state laws.

✓ Products can be ordered through Internet.

✓ Hospitals are carrying out tests to find out what's wrong with their patients.

➢ Làm tân ngữ của động từ

subject + verb + object

❑ They had discussions on how to cope with environmental problems.

❑ They will start the renovation work next week.

❑ They gave me theatre tickets as a present.

➢ Làm bổ ngữ - subject + verb + complement

✓ All candidates became members of the committee.

✓ Both the brothers became doctors.

✓ Working experience is an advantage for applicants.

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➢ Làm tân ngữ của giới từ - preposition + noun

✓ His proposal has been accepted without question.

✓ The hospital is under construction.

✓ The famous writer wrote about his unusual childhood in his new book.

Ví dụ

1. _____ in the global market has increased.

A. Compete B. Competition

2. The storm has caused ____ to the building.

A. damage B. damaged

2. Danh từ đứng sau các từ hạn định (a, an, the, my, this, such, etc.)

❑ The production of goods and services was disrupted by inflation.

❑ The exhibition of Roman paintings has attracted many art students.

❑ She is known for her neutrality.

❑ His team works very cooperatively.

Ví dụ

1. Our bank will review your ______.

A. apply B. application

2. Please turn off your cellular phone during the ______.

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A. perform B. performance
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3. Danh từ đứng sau tính từ

✓ This award is for employees who provide outstanding service to our clients.

✓ No one anticipated Shin Corporation's rapid growth.

✓ Faster Shipping offers exceptional performance in customer satisfaction.

Ví dụ

1. The special team will conduct an extensive ________.

A. inspect B. inspection

2. The country will experience an annual ______ rate of 10 percent.

A. growth B. grow

4. Phân biệt giữa danh từ mang nghĩa chung và danh từ chỉ người

assistance sự trợ giúp

assistant người phụ tá, trợ giúp

agency đại lý

agent người làm ở đại lý

attendance sự tham dự

attendee người tham dự

volunteering sự tình nguyện

volunteer người tình nguyện

photograph việc chụp ảnh

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photographer nhiếp ảnh gia

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membership tư cách hội viên

member thành viên

supervision sự giám sát

supervisor người giám sát

advice lời khuyên

advisor cố vấn

application đơn xin việc

applicant người xin việc

representation sự đại diện

representative người đại diện

contribution sự đóng góp

contributor người đóng góp

donation sự quyên góp

donor người quyên góp

economy kinh tế

economist nhà kinh tế học

participation sự tham gia

participant người tham gia

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Ví dụ

1. London Clothiers will reimburse its customers for damaged products when
_________ are received.

A. complaints B. complain

2 Celia Vernon will be resigning as CEO but stay on as a creative ____________.

A. consultation B. consultant

B. Động từ

1. Động từ đứng sau chủ ngữ

✓ If demand increases more than supply, prices of products and services will
go up.

✓ Applications are required to be submitted to the registration office.

✓ He presented the report to his colleagues at the meeting.

Ví dụ

1. We______ a business partnership with another company.

A. establishment B. established

2. The director________ the guest speaker to us.

A. introduction B. introduced

2. Dùng động từ nguyên thể sau trợ từ (will, don’t …..)

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✓ Fresh Buy will refund food purchases under particular circumstances.

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✓ They don't require candidates to bring reference letters.

✓ We didn't get to our hotel until after midnight.

Ví dụ

1. We will______ your order by tomorrow.

A. deliver B. to deliver

2. We don’t ______ various styles.

A. offer B. offers

3. Câu mệnh lệnh bắt đầu bằng động từ nguyên thể

✓ When you deliver a speech, please avoid looking down at your notes.

✓ Please return the completed application to the office.

✓ Keep medicines in a locked cupboard.

Ví dụ

1. Please _______ to close the windows before you leave.

A. remember B. remembered

2. _______ up or you will be late for work.

A. Hurrying B. Hurry

4. Động từ nguyên mẫu trong thức giả định

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Động từ Cấu trúc Ví dụ

suggest, advise, ask, S1 + V1 (that)+ • They suggest that

demand, insist …… she give up smoking.
• S2 + (should) V.inf
• They urge that a new
• S2 + (should) be
bridge be built.
PII

Tính từ Cấu trúc Ví dụ

important, essential, It+ be + adj+ that + • It’s vital that she take
crucial, imperative, part in this club.
• S + (should) V.inf
vital, necessary …
• It’s vital that the
• S + (should) be PII
house be sold.

Ví dụ

1. It is important that the customers ________ about the changes of the policy.

A. inform B. be informed

2. We suggested that a customer _______ an order now to avoid the price increase.

A. places B. place

PRACTICE

1. A complete _____ of terms and conditions should be made before the agreement
is signed.
(A) examine (C) examination
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(B) examining (D) examined

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2. We suggested that every employee first ______ the data bank for software they
need.
(A) check (C) checked
(B) checks (D) has checked

3. The talks between union _______ and company managers will help the company
avoid bankruptcy.
(A) represent (C) representative
(B) representation (D) representing

4. It will be quite difficult for candidates to unlimited _______ to the main

information system.
(A) accessing (C) access
(B) accessible (D) accessed

5. Alabama Medical Research Facility is

seeking a motivated _____ upcoming medical study.
(A) volunteer (C) voluntary
(B) volunteering (D) voluntarily

6. If we can be of any assistance in the future, please _____ free to contact us.
(A) feeling (C) to feel
(B) feel (D) be felt

7. Customers may _____ merchandise within 30 days of purchase if original tags

are not removed.
(A) return (C) be returned
(B) returned (D) to return

8. This speaker was originally developed for laptop computers because of its
______ to temperature changes.
(A) resistance (C) resistant
(B) resisted (D) resisting

9. It will be quite difficult for candidates to get a marketing position as------ for it is
fierce.
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(A) competitively (C) competes

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(B) competitive (D) competition

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10. Since he was unable to attend the annual meeting, Mr. Yokomate requested
that the minutes _______ to his office.
(A) be sent (C) sent
(B) were sent (D) send

11. All department stores require _____ not to bring food or beverage into the
store.
(A) shopper (C) shop
(B) shopping (D) shoppers

12. The company has ______ in creative profit models and encourages its
employees to come up with new ideas.
(A) interested (C) interesting
(B) interestingly (D) interests

13. Portland Square Hotel ______ a complimentary breakfast to all of its guests.
(A) providing (C) provides
(B) be provided (D) provide

14. Tickets to the tennis tournament in Seoul will _______ online soon.
(A) to sell (C) sold
(B) selling (D) be sold

15. In the past decade, there has been tremendous _______ of 10% in sales.
(A) grows (C) grown
(B) growth (D) grower

16. Price quotes for potential customers _______ taxes and shipping charges in the
total.
(A) includes (C) including
(B) include (D) to include

Question 17 to 19 refer to the following notice

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We'd like to offer our apologies for the delay and inconvenience you experienced
on Friday during the rush hour. Buses were postponed ______ a traffic accident
in the downtown area.
17.
(A) because (B) without
(C) due to (D) in spite of

The accident took place around 5:00 p.m. and damaged signals in the main street,
forcing the _______ of bus service for two hours.
18.
(A) suspend (B) suspending
(C) suspended (D) suspension

The accident also led to traffic ______ and extensive delays for the next several
hours.
19.
(A) congestion (B) congest
(C) to congest (D) congestive
Complete repairs were done over the weekend. Thank you for your patience and
understanding.

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