Practical-5: -
Aim: - Perform TCP/IP Configuration for PC Network
THEORY:
Note: Windows NT/2000/XP users complete Steps 1 to4
Step 1: Gather TCP/IP configuration information
Use the Start menu to open the Command Prompt, an MS-DOS-like window.
Press Start >Programs >Accessories >Command Prompt or Start
>Programs >Command Prompt.
The following figure shows the Command screen. Type ipconfig and press
the Enter key. The spelling of ipconfig is critical while case is not. It is
short for IP Configuration.
This first screen shows the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. The IP
address and the default gateway should be in the same network or subnet,
otherwise this host would not be able to communicate outside the network. In
the figure the subnet mask tells us that the first three octets must be the same to
be in the same network.
Note: if this computer is on a LAN, the default gateway might not be seen if it is
running behind a Proxy Server.
Step 2: Record the following TCP/IP information for Your computer
IP address:
SubnetMask:
DefaultGateway:
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Step 3: Compare the TCP/IP configuration of this computer to other on the LAN
if this computer is on a LAN, compare the information of several machines. Are
there any similarities?
What is similar about the IP addresses?
What is similar about the default gateways?
The IP addresses should share the same network portion. All machines in the
LAN should share the same default gateway.
Step 4: Check additional TCP/IP configuration information
To see detailed information, type ipconfig /all and press Enter. The figure shows
the detailed IP configuration screen.
The host name, including the computer name and NetBIOS name should be
displayed. Also, the DHCP server address, if used, and the date the IP lease starts
and ends should be displayed.
Look over the information. Entries for the DNS, used in name resolution servers,
may also be present.
The previous figure reveals that the router is performing DHCP services for this
network. This would likely be a small office or home office (SOHO) or small
branch office implementation.
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Notice the Physical Address (MAC) and the NIC model (Description).
In the LAN, what similarities about the Physical (MAC) Addresses are seen?
While not a requirement, most LAN administrators try to
standardize components like NICs.
Therefore, it would not be surprising to find all machines share the
first three Hex pairs in the adapter address. These three pairs
identify the manufacturer of the adapter.
Exercise: -
Based on observations, what can be deduced about the following results
taken from four computers connected to one switch?
Computer 1
IP Address: 192.168.12.113 , Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0, Default Gateway:
192.168.12.1
Computer 2
IP Address: 192.168.12.205, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0, Default Gateway:
192.168.12.1
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Computer 3
IP Address: 192.168.112.97 , Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0, Default Gateway:
192.168.12.2
Computer 4
IP Address: 168.19.112.97, Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0, Default Gateway:
192.168.12.1
Should they be able to talk to each other? Are they all on the same
network? Why or why not? If something is wrong, what is most
likely the problem?
QUIZ:
Answer the Followings:
1. Where is the IP Address is Stored?
2. Where MAC Address is Stored?
3. IP Address and MAC Address is used at which Layer?
EVALUATION:
Problem Analysis Understanding Timely Mock Total
& Solution Level Completion
(2) (10)
(3) (3) (2)
Signature with date:-
19
Practical-6: -
Aim: - Implementation of VLAN
THEORY:
VLAN:
● VLAN refers to Virtual Local Area Network
● VLAN extends its functionalities beyond a single LAN through
VLAN a network is divided into different logical segments which
are known as broadcast domains.
● In technical terms, a VLAN is a broadcast domain created by switches.
● All devices, by default, are in VLAN 1.
● For devices in different VLANs to communicate, you must
use a router or Layer 3 switch.
● The standard range consists of VLANs 1 to1024.
● The extended range consists of VLANs 1025 to4096.
Create Simple VLAN
● We are creating simple VLAN. We will take Four PC & one
switch. We will create two VLAN name “VLAN8” and “VLAN9”.
Then we put ports 1 & 2 into VLAN and ports 3 & 4 into
VLAN9.Then we will check how the communication is done
between different nodes.
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Step 1: Configuration of VLAN in switch
Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname Vlan_Switch
Vlan_Switch(config)#vlan 8
VLAN8 added: Name:VLAN0008
Vlan_Switch(config)#vlan 8 name ajay
Vlan_Switch(config)#vlan 9 name
Jaswant
VLAN9 added: Name:jashvant
Vlan_Switch(config)#interface
fastethernet0/1
Vlan_Switch(config-
if)#switchport mode access
Vlan_Switch(config-
if)#switchport access vlan 8
Vlan_Switch(config-if)#exit
Vlan_Switch(config)#interface
fastethernet0/2
Vlan_Switch(config-
if)#switchport mode access
Vlan_Switch(config-
if)#switchport access vlan 8
Vlan_Switch(config-if)#exit
Vlan_Switch(config)#interface
fastethernet0/3
Vlan_Switch(config-
if)#switchport mode access
Vlan_Switch(config-
if)#switchport access vlan 9
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Vlan_Switch(config-if)#exit
Vlan_Switch(config)#interface
fastethernet0/4
Vlan_Switch(config-
if)#switchport mode access
Vlan_Switch(config-
if)#switchport access vlan 9
Vlan_Switch(config-if)#exit
Step 2: Configuration of PC.
PC1 -- IP Address :10.1.1.1
Subnet mask :255.0.0.0
Default Gateway :10.1.1.4
PC2 -- IP Address :10.1.1.2
Subnet mask :255.0.0.0
Default Gateway :10.1.1.4
PC3 -- IP Address :10.1.1.3
Subnet mask :255.0.0.0
Default Gateway :10.1.1.4
PC4 -- IP Address :10.1.1.4
Subnet mask :255.0.0.0
Default Gateway :10.1.1.4
Step 3: Check connectivity.
PC1:>ping 10.1.1.2
Pinging 10.1.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 10.1.1.2:bytes=32 time=60msTTL=241
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Reply from 10.1.1.2:bytes=32
time=60msTTL=241 Reply from
10.1.1.2:bytes=32 time=60msTTL=241 Reply
from 10.1.1.2:bytes=32 time=60msTTL=241
Reply from 10.1.1.2:bytes=32
time=60msTTL=241
Ping statistics for 10.1.1.2: Packets: Sent = 5, Received
= 5, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in
milli-seconds:
Minimum = 50ms, Maximum = 60ms, Average =55ms
PC1:>ping 10.1.1.3
Pinging 10.1.1.3 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Ping statistics for 10.1.1.3:
Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 0, Lost
= 5 (100% loss), Approximate round
trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
PC1:>ping 10.1.1.4
Pinging 10.1.1.4 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Ping statistics for 10.1.1.4:
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Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 0,
Lost = 5 (100% loss), Approximate
round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms Here we get pinging from
PC1 to PC2 only.
So Here Switch is decided into two logical segment.
Step 4: Verify
Configuration. Vlan
Switch#
Vlan Switch#show vlan
VLANName Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ----------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8,
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11,Fa0/12
8 ajay active Gi0/-11,Gi0/-10
9 jashvant active Gi0/-9, Gi0/-8
1002 fddi-default active
1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active
1005 trnet-default active
VLANType SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo StpBrdg Mode Trans1Trans2
--------- ---------- ---- ----- ------ ------- --- ------- ----- ------
- - - - - -
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 0
8 enet 100008 1500 - - - - - 0 0
9 enet 100009 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1003 tr 101003 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1004 fdt 101004 1500 - - - ieee - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - - ibm - 0 0
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EXERCISE:
1) Create the Two VLAN from one LAN and write the configuration steps.
QUIZ:
Answer the Followings:
1) Give different types of VLAN.
2) List out advantages of VLAN.
EVALUATION:
Problem Analysis Understanding Timely Mock Total
& Solution Level Completion
(2) (10)
(3) (3) (2)
Signature with date:-
25
