SOAL

Choose A, B C, D or E for the correct answer

Fort Rotterdam of Makassar

Fort Rotterdam of Makassar is one of the best-preserved examples of Dutch architecture in

Indonesia. The original fort was rebuilt in Dutch style. It includes many fine, well-restored
colonial structures. The visitors can walk around the fort and see sections of the original
walls.

Inside the fort there are thirteen buildings. Most of them are still in good condition. At the
very center of the fort there is a church. At the north-westernmost there is La Galigo museum
which keeps some prehistoric megaliths from Watampone as well as ancient weapons, coins,
shells, utensils, sketches and stamps. At the south wall it is housed a museum which displays
local skills in silk weaving, agriculture, boatbuilding and scale models of indigenous boats.
On the eastern wall, it is a small library which featutes old Dutch books of 19th-century
missionary. On the ground floor of the building which is located in the southeast corner of
the fort, it was formerly a prison. In the southwestern part contains a prison where Prince
Diponegoro was imprisoned for the rest of his life.

The fort is now used to held various events. There is a conservatory for music and dance,
archive of the city, and a historic and archaeological institute in order to attarct tourists.
However, there are things to do to make it into world class tourism destinastion. It is still not
restored quite authentic. The visitors after the entrance contribution need to pay for every
building or museum inside the fort. According to a tourist from Netherland, Joz V Hagestein,
the history, the explanations as well as the translated text needs attentions. He said that there
is a reason that there are no queues or waiting-lines at the museums.
1. What should the government do to make the fort a world class tourism spot?
A. Provide public facilities like souvenir stores and food courts with local foods.
B. Rebuild and complete the fort with better information and payment system
C. Complete the queue lines and luxurious waiting room inside the museum.
D. Hold more local music and art performances in the museum regularly.
E. Introduce the fort through mass media like newspaper and internet.

Diponegoro War (1825 to 1830) was one of the greatest battles ever experienced by
the Dutch. The war led by efforts to control the economy as well as the kingdoms. At that
time the Dutch government was in economic trouble. The Dutch maximized profits by
imposing various taxes, a monopoly business and trade. To further strengthen the power and
economy, the Dutch tried to control the kingdoms. Prince Diponegoro, the eldest son of the
royal family of Yogyakarta, was already fed up with the behavior of the Dutch who did not
respect the local customs and exploited the people with taxation.

The immediate cause of Diponegoro’s rebellion was the Dutch’s decision to build a
road across a piece of his property that contained a sacred tomb. At first, the Dutch planned
the construction of the road from Yogyakarta to Magelang. Then the Dutch changed his plans
and rerouted it past Tegalrejo. Apparently in one sector, it was across the graves of the
ancestors of Prince Diponegoro. This makes Prince Diponegoro offended and decided to take
up arms against the Dutch. He then ordered his men to pull out stakes through the tomb.

Diponegoro’s forces made use of their local knowledge to achieve early victories.
Villagers were ordered to cut down trees to block roads as well as burn down the wooden
bridges and dig up road surfaces. Often roads were covered with sharpened bamboo stakes.
Javanese military planning was also very sophisticated. Diponegoro used ferry boats to
supply his forces. His contacts in the underworld also meant that he was helped by bandits
communities who controlled the key river crossing points. The Javanese forces were also able
to use modern weapons. They had firearms and used cannons they had taken from the Dutch.
Crucially, they were able to fight the war on their terms. They fought against the Dutch in a
guerrilla war strategy which allowed them to fight the war they way they wanted.

The Dutch appointed a skilled and adaptable commander, De Kock. One of his
strategy was benteng strategy. He could successfully isolated Diponegoro’s forces and
deprived him of the local support he needed to keep fighting. The Dutch were also very
clever in offering amnesties and rewards to those of Diponegoro’s supporters who
surrendered to them. This encouraged many to stop fighting for Diponegoro. Interestingly,
the Dutch also offered a large reward for Diponegoro either dead or alive. However, the
personal loyalty felt towards Diponegoro and no-one betrayed him.

By 1830, after months in hiding, and on the run, Diponegoro agreed to peace talks
with the Dutch. However, after some negotiations he was arrested and soon exiled out of
Java. The Dutch administration made sure that he was never allowed to return to Java. He
died in exile at Makassar.

2. What motive was the Dutch’s change of plans and reroute of the road through Tegalrejo?
A. They got angry with people of Tegalrejo for sabotaging public facilities
B. They started to control people of Tegalrejo which consisted of bandits
C. They tried to impose various taxes, monopoly business and trade there
 D. They triggerred a rebellion to get reasons to arrest Prince Diponegoro
E. They found it out the shortest cut to Magelang from Yogyakarta

3. To win the war, Prince Diponegoro should have ….

A. trained the troops to use both traditional and modern weapons
B. avoided combats and learnt a coopertive strategy
C. kept on guerrilla war and never come to any negotiation
D. attacked the Dutch troops face to face and run away
E. terrorized and avoided combats against the Dutch

The Indonesian independence movement began in May 1908, which is

commemorated as the “Day of National Awakening”. Budi Utomo, Sarekat Islam and others
pursued strategies of co-operation by joining the Dutch initiated Volksraad (“People’s
Council”) hoped that Indonesia would be grante self-rule. Others choose a non-cooperative
strategy demanding the freedom of self-government from the Dutch East Indies colony.

The occupation of Indonesia by Japan for three and a half years during World War II
was a crucial factor in the subsequent revolution. The Netherlands had a little ability to
defend its colony against the Japanese army, and within only three months of their initial
attack, the Japanese had occupied the Dutch East Indies.

On 7 September 1944, with the war going badly for the Japanese, Prime Minister
Koiso promised independence for Indonesia, but no date was set. The promise was seen as a
vindication of Japanese role for Indonesia’s independence. Finally, on 17 August 1945,
Indonesia declared its independence.

4. What was the importance of the Indonesia’s awakening Day?

A. It was the new era of Indonesia’s struggling strategy
B. It brought the promise of Indonesia’s independence
C. It was the core of Indonesia’s independence struggling
D. It made Indonesia had a new strategy of war
E. It was the starting point of non-cooperative independence strategy

5. Why was the text written?

A. to critique the history of Indonesia
B. to entertain the readers
C. to compare before and after the D-day
D. to inform the past events
E. to explain how the independence happened

6. The promise was seen as a vindication of Japanese role for Indonesia’s

independence. What is the synonym of the underlined word?
A. Evidence
B. Condolence
C. Convenience
D. Eradication
E. Supervision

The Linggadjati Agreement was a political accord concluded on 15 November 1946

by the Dutch administration and the unilaterally declared Republic of Indonesia in the village
of Linggadjati, near Cirebon in which the Dutch recognized the republic as the de facto
authority in Java, Madura and Sumatra.

In 1942, the Japanese occupied the Dutch East Indies. On 17 August 1945, two days
after the Japanese surrender, Indonesiaa nationalist leader Sukarno declared Indonesian
independence. The Dutch viewed the Indonesian leadership as collaborators with the
occupying Japanese, and were determined to reassert their control over the nation by force.

In July 1946, the Dutch invited Indoneisans from eastern Indonesia and from rulers of
local kingdoms to aconference in Malino, Sulawesi. Further negotiations with the Indonesian
authorities began in October 1946 and a ceasefire in Java and Sumatra was agreed to and
signed on 14 October 1946. Most of the negotiations took place in the mountain village of
Linggadjati around 25 km South of Cirebon, although the final document was actually
initialed in Cirebon.

The agreement comprised and introduction, 17 articles and a final clause. According
to the terms, the Netherlands agreed to recognized Republican rule over Java, Sumatra and
Madura. The Repubic would become a constituent state of the federal United States of
Indonesia, along with Borneo and the Great East.

7. What is the topic of the text?

A. the agreement of Indonesian Independence
B. the negotiations with Dutch authority
C. the Dutch invitation for Indonesian politician
D. the agreement between Indonesia and Dutch
E. The recognition of Indonesia by the Dutch

8. What would probably happen if Linggadjati accord didn’t happen?

A. Indonesia would not be independent
B. Indonesia would lose the war
C. Indonesia would be occupied by Japan
D. Indonesia would only have Java, Sumatera and Madura
E. Indonesia won’t be free

9. On 17 August 1945, Sukarno stated Indonesian independence but The Dutch.....to

reassert their control over the nation by force.
A. decides
B. decided
C. was decided
D. were decided
E. is decided

Rearrange the jumble paragraphs below into a good order!

1. In 1806 the British and Dutch went to war. In 1811 the British under Lord Minto sailed
to Batavia. The British soon captured all the Dutch possessions in ndonesia. The
British abolished slavery and they also divided the country into areas called redidencies
for administration. However in 1816 the British handed Indonesia back to the Dutch.
2. In the early 16th century the Portuguese arrived inIndonesia. At that time there was a
huge demand in Europe for spices such a nutmeg, ginger, cinnamon, cloves, and mace.
 Huge profits could be made by transporting them to Europe and
selling them. The Portuguese therefore decided to seize the
Moluccas, the chief source of spices. In 1511 they captured Melaka,
an important port. They also captured the Moluccas.
3. However in the early 17th century the Portuguese lost their position
to the Dutch. The first Dutch fleet sailed from Holland in 1595 under
Cornelis de Houtman. During the 17th century the Dutch gradually
extended their power of Java and the Moluccas.
4. During the 19th century the Dutch extended their control over the
parts of Indonesia. In 1825 they took Palembang in Sumatra. They
also fought wars with the Balinese in 1848, 1849, 1858 and 1868.
However Bali was not finally conquered until 1906.
5. During the 18th century the Dutch East India Company slipped into
debt. Finally in 1799 the Dutch government took over its territories.