BLACK BEIT World’s Leading Magazine of the Martial Arts © s0¢ NOVEMBER 1965 Karate’s Flying Side Kick (Yoko-Tobi-Geri) Shows Grace of Shotokan StyleNaevet, pants: 2 vite Bet) small gem yi B50 mei germ 0" gi 90 vaste gh we ys 390 tra Lait gym 198 10.90 MARTIAL ARTS gupPHEs co.BOOKS Ai kg he ene nn ei tn ty Serer peaeger oe a alae arse re en a and white. 714" x 104". 5735 Aid, by K Ushio, ots be cota wah Tears car Boal Ti te ae ook pub thea! a hist by K,Useahiba, the Founders won The finest beak om Alto by Yar wth exec Sy-tep.mactons: Includes the ive history of tee Found a ther of “Aida introduces ancther book to further expan the Seyret Gaetan the Sate of tis Ar 2 bp wh over PO ona Sm Bs ‘The Life of Buddha, Ford yd heures con 356 pp" e011" ‘Shahogar 7 samara, Saye Sra, Ta bh i, upiaye Morn and sromate sy BRowt aocial status from ancient wor of Javan wih emai onthe dealer ot the pra i 5 moe Xe, hunch ARiot, The tie and manear of the Japanene In Wak ada Monsho-Family Crane for Syme Detlen, Iaso Honds, 90, wih Hl. 4 double spreads of RimitTpcimtites ond oop 40 patsiee wit cpisnatne 7/2 #10}. 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SS 2 Ub tll pees moon Bis elim ORI $880. mining Methods by IFikamn & Draeger Includes Walning methods. 200 exercises ana ould be parlormed, doi traning routines, weMmnt (rane and other sense Sot juds papse En pp 100d photon FATS ve BAT Fe.Se ‘Chinese Lee, Manceures by Lec Uingarng. A discussion of Chinese Karate, “Kung Fu* “une Fe aes Sights Reet Tha heaps ae tore fice ie amit an the bande. ites. BKS"s358 by Nakayama & Draeger. Four volumes: BKB ~ Fundamental: BK? — Against the Ih Againat Muipig Unermped Avonlea: BRO Against Armed Aoaaie ny pp etch f proton 52 76 per alee, Martial Arts MAIL THIS HANDY ORDER FORM TODAY! Supplies Co. GAT, DESCRIPTION (PLEASE PRIN) PRE 0, Box 8176 Lex Angeles, Calif, 90008 (PLEASE PRINT EVERYTHING) ame anoRess. TE ar. ve oases mS yan yay] ett svar. $20 10% 400 40036" EOL TO 31400 ADD Bee] @Siringd tenting SARS ep ee Bay ate uo ee) @ meaner area HOE SS gee Hee! 1S He AS Mel caer nce a eee EAL ARIE en gan eed toes eee are ge ee pleatLetters to the Editor THUMBS DOWN ON ANOTHER KARATE TOURNAMENT On April 10, 1965, T had the mis- fortune to participate in and witness fone of the worst spectacles 1 have ever seen. Tt was the karate tourns ment held in Monterey, California, Sirike One: The tournament was billed as an “All Northern California’ tournament, which it was mot because only a few schools were represented and many were not, even though there were over 150 contestants, This tournament should have been adver- tised a5 a Green Belt tournament. ‘This tournament, as many others are, was far too long and tiring. Per- hhaps it would help if in the future all ranks under Black Belt be weeded out in inter-school or local tournaments and only the {op one or two from each school be entered. Afier all, the crowd pays good money to watch keen competition and not a marathon work- out Strike Two: The tournament was unorganized and poorly run. None of the schoo!s were introduced to the audience or even mentioned. Contes- tants were asking each other what sehools they were from. When a mate was won, the announcer would an- ‘ounce the winner by color of ribbon instead of by the winner's name, There were no demonstrations or explanations to the audience as 10 what karate is or what was being judged. ‘There were na facilities for food of drink for the spectators, Many simply got up and left because they were hungry. I head lots of grumbling over not being able to buy a hot cup of coffee ar a coke. It is beyond rei soning 10 ask several hundred people fo sit through eight hours of any kind of exhibition without one refreshment oF cushion to sit on. © Strike Three: There should be some rationally accepted system of judging. ‘This tournament used the “One Point” system which left much to be desired ‘They had two referees who constantly disagreed with each other and other officials would jump up from the Judges" table and protest a desision.. 6 ‘There were arguments over points- called and hooting from the audience and some of the contestants. What kind of nonsense is it that tolerates siteh lack of diseipline from the of- ficials and the contestants? No matter what system is used for judging, the referee's decision should be final, as it is in any other sport, and never should there be arguments fon the floor in front of the audience. ‘The only time the officials should hhave discussions is when there is a question of a technical violation of the rules, but never, never about a point being scored. It is crude, unor- ganized and degrading to karate. In all fairness, I believe that the of. ficials did the best they could under the circumstances and tried to be fai. But they got tired toward the end, Who wouldn'? Still, in their haste to cend this marathon they became care~ less and made calls that were ridicu- Tous. This in turn made the contes: tants reckless and technique was thrown to the wind. There was un- warranted and excessive contact which resulted in some unnecessary injuries ‘The crowd instead of watching the cream come to the surface for the championship matches, saw a bloody brawl of charging. mauling, clawing fighters. Instead of watching good technique, excellent control and focus they saw contestants actually leaping, into their opponents with arms and legs Mailing, 1 saw a contestant slap his opponent in the face with an open hand. Why, even a woman ean recog: nize that as a joke instead of a karate ‘technique. In summarizing: I feel the tourna ment did much harm to the sport of karate and did nothing to enhance the character of each participant. At one point it almost broke out into a free for-all Quite a few people have told me that they will never go to another tournament like that one, either a> contestants oF as spectators. It locked too much like a neighborhood rumble. T don't know whether your maga+ Zine covered this tournament or not; if you dida't, you didn’t miss a thing. ‘This tournament could have been held im some street and no one would have ‘ever recognized it as karate, Bob Vegas San Francisco, Calif OF course you were there and we weren't, but it seems bad 10 hold the officials entirely responsible for the bad manners of the audience. As for contestants hooting at decisions and throwing technique to the wind, it sounds like the referees could have ‘mace the tournament considerably shorter by disqualifying some of the competitors 11 would seem Northern California karate is having a crisis of success — too many students. This country’s judomen, with their many years’ head start on Karate, have run into the problem of marathon tournaments and have tried to solve it by holding their contests over a couple of days and by picking contestants Jor major tourna- ments through local and regionat elirne inations, This last is easier for judo than for karate because judo competi= tion is conerolfed by the national Ama- feur Athletic Union (AAU) and the sport is daminazed (as of this writing) by one Black Belt association, the IBBE. Now that karate offctals like the ones you mention in Northern California are haveing some experi- ence with this problem they should be able 0. come to grips with it and arrive at some sort of solution. A BOOK ON GOIU-RYU KARATE T was wondering if you could ine form me as to whether or not there is a book on the Goju-Ryw style of arate, Keep up the good work on your magazine. It was your mapt- Hine, BLACK BELT, that got me started in karate, Gaylord Elam Tulsa, Okla. The book “What is Karate” by Mas Oyama deals with Goju-Ryu karate, It may Be obtained from our adver- (iser, the Martial Arts Supplies Ce P.O. Box 8176, Los Angeles, Calif. 70008, (continued on page 6)EDITORIAL POLITICS IN THE MARTIAL ARTS The U.S. Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and the National Collegiate ‘Athletic Association have been at tempting to control the athletes and {the person that usually suffers is the athlete. ‘The athlete, who trains dawn to dusk, is caught between two powers ‘and he doesn't know what to do. Nat- urally, a8 sport writers continue to ‘condemn these two organizations they ‘only weaken the representation of U.S. athletes in world competition. Because judo is the biggest organ: ization in the bude field, judo has been in the open more than the others. But each. organization has its problems. “The Judo Black Belt Federation of the U.S. (.8.B.F,) is now part of the AAU, but it has two distinct factions: Uchi- dda's and Port Karate has been growing very fast in the U.S. but blindly. Thera are Several distinct groups, and those in ‘one group don’t wish to belong to the others, Each group condemns the others and tries to be the biggest. Whether the school is phoney or not doesn't matter anymore. Aikido also has its problems. Kendo seems to have the fewest probiems, because itis still small; but nonethe- less, credit should be given to Toraa Mori,a great leader and instructor. Politics should be left at the club meetings and not brought to tourna- ments. Many athletes are getting dis: gusted with tournaments because of the favoritism by the sponsor of the tournament. Judges and refere should not let their feelings influence their decisions. If they keep playing favoritism, eventually they'll just dis courage contestants from entering al- together = especially the good ones. Fair play is the American way of life, and this should be part of any tourn ‘ment held in the United States. CALENDAR Sept 4.5—WASHINGTON, D.C. Shufu ‘Yudanshakat Eastern Invitational Judo Tournament. Contact Jarmes Takemori, 308 Lamond Pi., Alex andria, Va. Sept. 6 TORONTO, CANADA. Canadian ‘National Exhibition Karate Cham: pienship under the auspices of the Rational Karate Assn. ta be held fat the Canadian National Exhibi tion: Sept_19— DAVENPORT, IOWA. Age Group & Senior Men's Open Judo Contest, Contact Ken Brust, Dav fenport YMCA Phys. Dept. (lows AAU). Sept, 19—WHITE PLAINS, N.Y. First ‘Westehester Karate Championship to be held at Westchester County Center. Open to all classes. Con tact'S. Bernard, 117 Main St, White Prains, M. Ye Sept, IS—CASTRO VALLEY, CALIF. Jun lar Development Finals at Tak. mato's Dojo's under auspices of Hokea Yudanshakal Northern Call, ‘Judo Black Belt Assn, Spt. 26_NEW YORK, NY. The 1965 United States Karate Olympics, Sanctioned by the US.KA. Open to all Karate Association and Sys tems. Contact, The United States Karate Olympics, P. ©, Sox 3093, Church Street Station, New York, ny. Sept. 1965—SACRAMENTO, CALIF. Sac ramento Judo Club Invitational at ‘State Fair Grounds under auspices of Hakka Yudanshakat_ Northern Galit. Judo Black Belt Assn. Oct. 1965—$A0 PAULO, BRAZIL. Fourth World Judo Championships. (inter: rational Judo Fed.) Oct. 2—TORONTO, CANADA. Fourth An: ‘nual Canadian, International Open Karate Championships. To be held at the Varsity Arena, Toronto, Open % all Federations, Contact Tou Fuoka Karate Dojo, 762 Yange St ‘Toronto, Ont. Oct. 10-108 ANGELES, CALIF. Nanka ‘Yudanshskai Fall Judo Promotional Contest. Los Angeles City College, 855 No, Vermont Ave. Contact Dan Powers, 773-4001, Oct. 23-24—PHILADELPHIA, PA. Shufy ‘Yudanshakei Fali Juda Promotions et Francisco State College st the col lege. Under auspices of Hokka Yudenshaksi Northern Cali, Judo Black Belt Assn. Nov. 7—STOCKTON, CALIF. Stockton Judo Club Invitational at the club. Under auspices of the Hokka Yu danshakal Northern Calif, Judo Black Beit Assn, Nov. 14—NEW YORK CITY, N.Y. Tonta. ive date. 6th Anqual North South Judo Contest, N.Y. Athletic Club. 180 Central’ Park ‘So. Contact Charles Lambur, OF $-2868. (Shu. fy Yusanshakai). Nov. 21—L0S ANGELES, CALIF. Judo Team Tournament. Los Angeles City College, 855 Na. Vermont Ave. Contect “Ban Powers, 773-1003. (enka Yadenshakal) Nov. 21—SALINAS, CALIF. Apolto Judo Club's Stockton Invitational under auspices of. Hokka Yudanshakai Northern Calif, Judo. Black ‘Bel Assn. November 1965 — FOWLER. CALIFOR: NIA Judo Invitational. Contact To. shitska Yamauchi, 1047 Simpson; Fresno, California.STAFF: DAVID LEE Editor; PAUL LIGUORI Managing Editor, CURTIS VOSS Art Di rector, ROBERT WILLIAMS Staff Artist OLIVER PANG Photography Editor: WIL: LAM C. C. HU and FRED BLEICHER His torians: DAVE F. ENSLOW Cartoonist; B. DE NUZZO Circulation Manager: TAK KU. RITA Special Projects; JOHN NAKAG Ad- vertising Director; M. UYEHARA and J UYEHARA Co Publishers. Regional Editors: KEI TSUMURA Eastern Canada; HERBERT VELTE Germany: KIM BYUNG SOO Korea: MEL APPELBAUM New York: ZARKO MODRIC Yugosiavia LACK BELT, ING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, REPRODUCTION WITHOUE PERMISSION 1S STRICTLY PROMIDITED, COMING SOON ee Cee eee CEL oar |y Ree une wear frre Mt Cael ola uO ete Oa at ce ead od Leia M Le)BLACK BELT MAGAZINE OF THE MARTIAL ARTS VOLUME Ill, No. 11 contents ARTICLES 10 GUNJI_ KOIZUMI — A judo Landmark Shiney, Chapter IV 22__A PARLAY THAT PAID 24 TANG SOO DO: Child's Play 28 THE I-GHIN GHING, Fact or Fancy? 34__AN ENGINEER DISSECTS KARATE 38__WOULD JUDOIT? 44__BLACK BELT INTERVIEW WITH KOICHI TOHEL DEPARTMENTS 6 LETTERS CALENDAR EDITORIAL 15__BOOK REVIEW 52__ TOURNAMENT RESULTS 55__INSTRUCTOR'S PROFILE 56 PROMOTIONS 60__BLACK BELT TIMES 64 DIRECTORY TECHNIQUES 32__KARATE 42__1upo November 1965 COVER PHOTO: The flying side kick (yoko-tobi-geri) is ‘one of Karates most devastating sur- prise attacks. It also rates high as an effective counterattack to the side of an opponent's neck. Painting by C. Voss Black Belt is published monthly by Black Belt, Inc. BESO W. Weshington Bivd., Los’ Angeles, California 90016, at se at BS Bessa a Bie Pas at a, nag heptane eet hie meanness ceteris Sa etn Uae dh Fie Si Sa at ae aeThe lax sograph of G.K., taken on April 13, 1965. L he last known photog 10 (copyright ~C. 1. Nash)NS e)B) GUNJI KOIZUMI G. K.’s “New Judo” Attracted Britain’s Professional Classes By Charles Grant One day wher still a boy, the late Gunji Koizumi ran upto his mother who was grinding beans, stole one, and ate it. His mother reprimanded him saying if he ate raw beans he would travel all over the World. Then he stole and ate another one. Whether raw beans caused Koizumi’s eventual trip to England is unknown, but what is known is that when he arrived, he founded the Budokwai and Judo movement in Europe. G.K., as he was affectionately known, was responsible for the formation of the British Judo Association and the European Judo Union. The colored belt system of grad- ing is said to have originated with G.K. Early photograph of G. K. (left) taken om September 3, 1926.From Meager Beginnings His ich accomplishments arose from meager begin- rings. He arrived in North Wales in 1906, practically penniless, after passage from Bombay on a small cargo ship. His first job was instructor at the Ashikaga School ‘of Jujutsu in Liverpool where he eamed 30 shillings a week. Alter a three-year trip to the United States, he re- turned to London and with his “new judo,” began to at- tract the professional classes who saw in it an advance- iment of boxing, wrestling, and gymnastics. GK. introduced the real Judo, downgrading Jujitsu as little more than a collection of tricks. He stressed moral and spiritual training and technique based on science. G. K. visits with Charles Grant, instructor at Polytechnic Judo ‘Club in London, ‘A Judo Landmark ‘As Judo. beeame more popular, G.K, formed the world famous Budokwai Judo Club in Kensington in 1918. At the time, he described it as “an amateur organization to facilitate the study of Judo and Kendo. In his book, My Study of Judo, G.K. said he was in- fluenced to join the Kokokan because it was a means ‘of physical development and mental and ethical training, He called Judo an “ever progressive subject on the princi- ple of maximum efficiency and minimum effort.” 2Followed Dr. Kana He followed the original conception of Dr, Figoro Kano to adapt Jujitsu to a means for mental and spiritual train- ing which brings balance, self-confidence, self-reliance, ., sourage, and sell-recognition, G.K. with two youngsters at his famous Budokwai in London in 1938. In Singapore, in 1908, he studied under Sensei T, Akishima, learning tricks reserved only for the very ad- vanced. GK. received his earliest training when he was 12 years old and joined a Kenjutsu class (double-handed swordsmanship) in his village. Then he went to Tokyo and took up Jujitsu, After that, he attended an advanced school of jujitsu in Korea under an ex-Samurai named Yamada.” G.K.'s Judo was not lost with his death in April of this year. An instructional film of his techniques was made in 1948 at his famous Budokwai Judo Club, 13Recent photograph of G. K. faken at his famous Budokwai in London. Besides Judo, G.K. had ancther interest in which he became an acknowledged expert — Oriental lacquerware. He was appointed consultant in this field to the Victoria and Albert Museum in 1922 and later catalogued the ‘muscum’s entire collection of lacquerware. GK. died an 8th-Dan, the highest Black Belt grade in Britain. Londoners will remember him every time they walk past the Budokwai, G.K, House, 4 Gilston Road, London, $.W. 10. ~ 4BOOK REVIEW AIKIDO BOOK TOO FAR-FETCHED AIKIDO SELF-DEFENSE: Holds & Locks for Modem Use by Bruce Teg. ner. (Thor Publishing Go., Hollywood 27, California, 1961. 125 pp. Paper. $1.95) I you were to pick up 2 book on karate, would you expect to reed about boxing? Of course not. In Bruce Teg. ner's Aikido Self-Defense, you won't find any aikida techniques that re: semble those illustrated in Tohei's and Uyeshiba’s books on aikido ‘An aikidoman usually faces his op- ponent with a left hanmi stance, and Sometimes with a right, but never with both fest parallel and facing his op: ponent as shown on page 19. The hhanmi is a basic stance that each be- ginnar learns first. In aikido you never Use your fest to trip (refer to Tohel's ‘and Uyeshiba’s books on aikido), but ‘Tegner uses trips constantly in his i lustrations. The reason for not using tripping throws is that you will easily lose your one point if you have only to support your body. As To- hei explains in his book, you must constantly retain your one point and keep your body in one straight line. ‘Any one with a little knowledge of aikido can easily notice that the de- fender has lost his straight line in i lustration 1, page 85. The basic techniques of aikido are ikkajo, nikkajo, sankajo, shihonage, and kokyunage, but nat even once are any of these basic techniques shown. The art of “bo” techniques is unfa- riliar to aikido men, but these tech- niques are illustrated from page 111 to 125, The author states that “‘in choosing aikido for defense, the student accepts both aspects of the training — the physical and the mental — for they ‘are both essential.” But he doesn't explain the mental aspect of aikido, ingtead he recommends that students read Henry David Thoreau’s “Walden” ‘and listen to music. His reason is that “we (Westerners) have such different habits of life and different ways of ex- pressing ourselves. Therefore, the presentation of Oriental philosophy to accompany the teaching af the un- armed Arts does not come through to om ‘This book is not recommended for anyone attempting to learn the art of aikido or its techniques. It is too far- fetched from the aikido presented by top masters Tohei and Uyeshiba, (yeshiba is the son of the founder of aikido), LEARN JAPANESE RECORDS as‘ JAPANESE 3 ALBUMS PLUS BOOK wer $5.95 MARTIAL ARTS SUPPLIES CO. 15SHIH-YU: Chapter IV The Battle of Hang-Chow The death struggle begins on the Mei-hua Chang. speaking, she struck at Ts'ui-hua, Ts'uichua quickly countered it and the fierce fighting began. Each matched the other in skill, and at the end of the day, neither woman hed won victory. They decided to continue the battle the next day, but the same thing happened. At the end of the third day, the contest was completed without @ vietor, and Li Hsigo-huan returned home to find her father there on an unexpected. visit. He knew nothing of the feud She burst into tears when seeing him and related the story of her husband's death and following events. He was furious and asked his daugh- ter to take him immediately to the Kwangtung Society where he could wreak his revenge on Shih-yii Li Hsiao-huan’s father was called Li Hung although he was better known as Li Pa-shan, He was an ex pert in martial arts, being the student of a skilled master, a hermit, known as the white-cyebrowed Taoist priest At the Kwangtung Society, Li Pa- shan demanded to sce Ts'ui-hua, who recognized him as a skilled boxer her father had onee warned her about. He was as skilled as her father and she knew she would be no match for him. Very respectfully she went forth and bowed to the older master, but Li Pa-shan raged with anger and de- manded that she bring her son Shihe YU from the building to fight him, “My son is just a youngster and didn’t realize that he was in contest with your son-in-law. I apologize for rousing your anger and upsetting you. Li Pa-shan Challenges Pa-shan ignored her apology and Te'uishua begged for forgiveness on her knees. She pleaded that her son was still injured and had paid for his actions with great suffering. by William C. C. Hu SYNOPSIS: In last month’s isoue, Shih-yii killed the “Ti- ger" with the help of a breast plate and steel-plated boot soles. Then the “Tiger's” wife, Li Hsiao-huan, obtained revenge on Shih-yit by almost killing him with concealed, poisoned spikes in her shoes. He was saved only by the skill of his mother, Ts'ui-hua, who then challenged Li Hsiao- huan. “All right, we eannot allow anyone to say 1am not a virtuous person. I will allow him half a month's time for his recovery: then I want to teach this little scoundrel the real skills of the martial arts on the tournament platform.” Li Pa-shan had the same notice posted on the tournament platform so that everyone would know of the challenge he threw at the Kwangtung Society. Sobbing bitterly, Ts'uishua told her husband and Ch'en Yirshy of the challenger's skills in the martial arts. No one could think of a solution. Finally Ts'vi-hua decided to-seek the aid of Chib-san, the abbott of the Monastery in Fukien, his aid,” she said, “we will Find a solution.” ‘Then she armed herself with a pair of swords and asked for a fast horse. She travelled all day and night, eating only dehydrated cereal, before reaching her destination. One of the monks recognized her, calling her 7Shihemei, or little sister, meaning she ‘was at the same level in martial arts as he. “L have come to seek the aid of the {great master,” she said, and told the monk of her pressing trouble. ‘The monk sighed and shook his head. “If only you had come a day earlier. He has gone on a trip and no one knov's where or when he will return." ‘Ts'uichua moaned deeply and be- gon crying, “Come now, little sister, it's not as bad as you think, There are others that you ean call upon for help.” “But, who?” “If you dry your tears, I will tell you. Why not seek out the grand ‘master, Wu Mei, at the Paicho Temple in the province of Yiinnan"? ‘Why did I not think of Wu Mei”? ‘Tsuishua quickly thanked the monk and mounted her horse. Wu Mei was an old nun who lived in the Pai-ho Temple. She was even greater in the skills of the martial arts than the abbott of Shao-lin Mon- astery. However, because of her age, she was devoting the rest of her life to the chanting of the liturgy and travelled all day and all night, with 2 meal of only dehydrated cereal, before reaching Pai-ho Temple atop a high hill Finds Wu Mei She found Wu Mei praying inside the Temple. She dropped to-her knees in front of her and cried for mercy. ‘Now, now, child, what is. trou- bling you so that you must come so far and beg mercy?” Ts'ui-hua told the old nun of her plight. “If only you would come with me to Hangchow, you could help us all,” she pleaded, Wu Mei closed her eyes and chanted, “Nan-wu Ocni-to-fo, nan-wu O-nisto-fo.” ‘Then she opened her eyes. “Iam a servant of the Lord Buddha and have come to this remote place to live my life in peace and solitude without the troubles of the 18 layman. I have not uttered any malice nor-bothered with polities and society. Neither have I practised the skills of fist fighting or the handling of weap- ons of warfare. 7 seek only non lence. I am sorry you had to travel such a distance to find me. Why don’t you seck out the abbott Chih-san in the Shao-lin Monastery. You should not waste your time here with me.” Tslui-hua again dropped to her knees and her tears flowed like two streams of water, “Without you, everything is lost,” she said bowing and pulling on Wu Mei’s garments “The abbott is on a long journey and no one knows when he will re- tum. If no one will help me, I will dic here under the eyes of Buddha rather than go back and see my son Killed.” Wu Mei looked long and hard at her. “Knowing no one else will aid you, I will help you.” After instruct- ing her disciples to guard the temple and attend to the worshipping of Buddha, she took Ts'ui-hua by the hand and the two women knelt before Buddha asking for divine blessings and mercy. Then, without delay, they proceeded to Hangchow. Ts'ui-hua carried all the baggage on her hor: Wu Mei mounted a donkey and car- ried a Buddhist staff. ‘They arrived at the Kwangtung Society the day before the scheduled fight. Everyone was there to grect them including Shih-Yi, who was now recovered from his wounds. A great ceremony was prepared to honor the great nun and Chen Yii-shu ordered that only Buddhist meals be served while Wu Mei was a guest, The next moming everyone in the Kiwangtung Society arose carly and Tsuichua served Wu Mei personally. She told her son to fetch Wu Mei's Buddhist staff, When Shih-yil picked it up, he noticed it was made from solid iron and weighed about eighty catties (1 catty equals about 14 pounds). He smiled realizing that Wu Mei, even in her old age, was strong Throngs Arrive At the tournament platform, throngs of people had arrived to wit- ness the great contest. Li Pa-shan ‘was already on the platform practis- ing his skills when Wu Mei and the ‘others from the Kwangtung Society arrived. Wu Mei instructed Ts'ui-hua and Shin-yii and then leaped on the platform. The crowd cheered at sce> ing this eighty-year-old woman with such agility. She wore her usual Bud- hist attite and her eyebrows stood ‘out white as snow. When Li-Pa-shan saw her there erect and showing no sign of her age, he immediately rec- ognized her as the prize pupil of the white eyebrowed Taoist priest, his ‘own former teacher, Wu Mei clasped her hands together in the Buddhist greeting, “My greetings to you, master tie ‘Greetings to you also. Had 1 known you were in this city 1 would hhave personally visited you. It is rude of me not to greet my older comrade and I hope you will not think ill of me.” Then Li Pa-shan fooked at Wu ‘Mei from the comer of his eyes. and said with sarcasm, “However, I would Tike to inquire what brings you here to the city of Hangchow, away from your secluded Pai-ho Temple? I just ‘wonder, is it that you have come to instruct me in the techniques of the martial arts?” Wu Mei remained calm. “I have abandoned the ways of the layman and now I serve only Buddha, But since We meet on the tourmament platform, I would like to say some- thing to you.” “If you have something to say, say it. If it is reasonable, I will devote my attention to it, however... Wu Mei looked straight at him, "Since both of us follow the paths. of truth, you by the Taoist doctrine and me by the Buddhist, we have aban- doned society and sought refuge in remofe places, We should not hinder ourselves with the problems of the layman. I have not come here to teach ‘you the skills of the martial arts nor to meddle in your affairs.” Wu Meipaused. “However, I have heard that ‘you have challenged someone to fight, ‘and I am puzzled since both of us fol- ow the doctrine of nonviolence and have vowed not to harm any living creature. Afier inquiring, I learned of the dispute in this town, and that Fang Shih-yii had killed your son-in- law in a contest. “There is no reason for us to con- demn either of these two persons since both were at fault when they decided to settle their dispute vio~ ently. Moreover, Shih-yi being a youngster did not know that the per- son he killed was your son-in-law. ‘We must excuse him and also punish him, However, it was the will of Heaven that your son-in-law should so early join his ancestors. And Shih- yi did not go unpunished, as you Know. Heaven did not allow Sbitt-yii to die. We cannot question the will of Heaven, And now you seem to ‘want to change the decree of Heaven ‘and demand this youngster’s death “I sce that you are greatly angered, ‘and can understand why, but I ask that you think about what I said, If it will please you, I will call both Shih-yii and his mother to come be- fore you on bended knees and beg your forgiveness. 1 will also ask Shih-yi’s father to give one thousand taels of silver to your daughter so she may spend the rest of her life in ‘wealth, Then we can abide in peace and follow the path of righteousness.” Li Pa-shan stared at Wu Mei with ‘wide eyes and forced a smile. “Are you finished? My sorrow for my son- in-law is as deep as the deepest ocean, Af Fang Shih-yii had not concealed ‘weapons on his person, it would be another question, But I cannot ex- cuse foul play and deecit. And now, it is you who is meddling in our family matters.” Then he grabbed Wu Mei by the collar, but she quiekly tore his hands ‘off saying: “Please remember we are both along in years and should not quarrel because of our vows, But if you should start fighting, there will ‘be no turning back, There is no mercy for the violent. “Do you thing I am afraid of you?” he shouted at the top of his lungs. “You don't frighten me at all!” With that, Li Pa-shan moved for- ward and tried to strike Wu Mei with the palm of his hands, She leaped backwards and chanted the sacred words, “Nan-wu o-ni-to-fo.” “You must think very low of me. Certainly 1 will meet you on the Mei- ‘hua chang. ‘After this exchange, they both jumped from the platform and im- mediately left with their followers ‘At the Kwangtung Society, while Wu Mei rested, Shih-yii inquired of Ui Pe-shan Amazed Li Pa-shan jumped towards her and again tried to strike, but time Wu Mei blocked him with her left hand and slapped his face lightly with the other. Li Pa-shan was amazed at her speed, but still thought it just lucky that she should make a strike. {They started fighting furiously then. Each punch or kick was countered with the greatest ease and speed. It was a battle of the tiger and “the dragon. After the contest had pro- ceeded late into the day, Li Pa-shan shouted to Wu Mei to stop and listen to him. Wu Mei thought that Li-Pa- shan was coming to his senses and wanted to end the fight. “We are too old to be fighting on this tournament platform,” Li Pa-shan said. ‘Yes, we should not fight at afl.” ‘Do you think I am asking for 2 truce,” he snapped back, “Never! T am only thinking we are both so skill- ful we should fight on the Meichua chang. It will take me three days to erect this new arena. Do you dare to fight me on the Meishua chang?” ‘nua chang: Ancient Death Platform het about the Mei-hua chang. “Please do not bother the grand master,” Tsui-hua said. “She must rest now.” But Wu Mei smiled. “You have a ‘very intelligent son, and I'm sure that many of you are silently asking the same question. I shall tell you. “The Mei-hua chang is a structure for the highest form of combat in which the loser’s prize is death alone. ‘The structure consists of one hundred and eight clusters of five posts cach. Each cluster has one post in the cen- ter and four surrounding it, in the pattern of a peach flower. The clusters are ten feet high and as'far apart as a long stride. Between these clusters ‘on the ground are spikes and stakes. If you should lose your footing, you would surely mect death on thei sharp tips. This is the ultimate in tournament platforms, and you are ‘noi taught to fight on them unless you are an accomplished master. The ut- ‘most skill is required because you 1920 LiPasshan Performs His Exercises Atop the Mei-hua chang must not only worry about your op- ponent’s attacks, but also about your stance with each backward and for- ‘ward movement. It is an expensive structure, requiring five hundred and forty posts, and takes three days to build because the distances between the clusters must be measured exactly, It is the most deadly form of tourna- ‘ment platform.” ‘Ts'uichua looked very alarmed. “And now you must challenge Master Lion the Meishua chang. I do not know what (0 say in excuse of my- self.” “Think nothing of this, Ts‘uihua, It was I who finally decided to come to Hangchow. I will know how to fight on the Mei-hua chang.” During the next three days while the Mei-hua chang was being built, Wu Mei taught Shih-yi the more skillful forms of the martial arts, He caught on quickly, pleasing Wu M ‘Then, on the afternoon of the third day, Li Pa-shan's messenger arrived to inform Wu Mei officially that the fight would take place the next morn- ing. Wu Mei remained calm. ‘There was great excitement the next morning at the Kwangtung Soci- ety. Wu Mei arose early, said her morning prayers, and with the crowd that formed outside, formed a gecat procession to the contest area, They had to fight their way through the crowds that came from all parts of the area to sce their first Meisfua chang fight, ‘Wu Mei Is Taunted Li Pa-shan, accompanied by his daughter and a band of students, stood at the foot of the Meifua chang. When be saw Wu Mei, he said sarcastically: “Do you think you will be able to fight on such a struc- ture?” Wu Mei merely smiled, as Li Pa shan continued speaking, “1 wonder if you have ever seen ‘one before.” So," Wu Mei replied, “you have built this structure to intimidate me?”“What if I have? You are old and 1 really don’t know if you'll be able to stand the strain, or if your footing is as sure as the words you 80 clo- quently utter, ‘ow notice that Tam far in my years and yet you accord me no Tespect. I truly regret that our master spent so much effort teaching you the skills of the martial aris, for you do not use them to aid people but to intimidate and harm them, Have you not leamed that violence is ‘wasteful and useless? It is now clear that both you and your son-indaw are of the same breed. You both do evil It is still not too late to change your mind and settle this matter in a more peaceful way.” “Huh, do you think Tam fooled by your words Wu Mei? You are afraid to challenge me on the Me/-fua chang. It that not so?” “Afraid? Do you really think 1 am afraid, No, I am not afraid of the Meishua chang, but 1 am fearful of the results, It is only an instrument, It knows not what evil it ean do. We should know better than to allow an inanimate structure to rule our des- tiny.” “Well said, but your words are Tike a breeze to me.” ‘Wu Mei continued to try to reason, but to no avail. Then she said: “All right, if we must battle on this struc- ture, then let us prepare ourselves, I should like to see some of these skills you boast about so loasely."” "So be it,” he said and leaped onto the posts. As he went through his exercises, the crowd applauded his flayless technique. Li Pa-shan was in his sixties, but moved with the grace and speed of a young man. He did set of exercises with eighty-one mave- ments. When he finished he turned to Wu Mei, “Are you satisfied? Do you still think you can fight me?” “You have performed well and show great skill, but I see that you are still trying to intimidate me.” “Well, now that I have performed for your pleasure, let us see you try the same feat on the Mei-fua chang. ‘Wu Mei smiled and with a leap jumped to the top of the posts. She showed no sign of her age as she per- formed a set of exercises using all one hundred and eight positions Then she jumped down and said to Li Pa-shan: “Now are you satisfied” Whispers to Daughter Pa-shan realized he had under- estimated her prowess. He secretly pulled his daughter to the side and whispered that if she saw him being feated, she should throw a pair of iron rods up to him. Then he went up to Wu Mei, “Are you ready to do battle on the Mei-fuea chang?” Wu Mei nodded. But she had seen Li Pa-shan seeretly whispering in his daughter's ears and therefore told ‘Ts'ui-hua and Shih-yii to observe the movements of Li Hsiao-huan beeause she expected foul play. Then both contestants leaped up on the Met-hua chang. “ Next Issue: Wu Mei and Li Pa-shan fight it out on the Mei-hua chang Fosnino mire by Enslow a4A Parlay that Paid Chicago Karate School Teaches TUF Squad “Mas Oyama congratulates Frank Gruzanski, chief instructor ai the Chicago branch of Oyama’s Karate school, after inspection. 22 A. imaginative American has parlayed a 6-year Army stint in Japan into @ respected Karate School on Chicago's south side. Besides having representation in Masutatsy Oyama’s Japanese Karate- Do Kyokushinkai, the school claims to be the first in America to include Zen meditation as part of the Karate training. 3 Charles V. Grukanski, now a Chi- cago police officer, returned from Ja- pan in 1956 to discover Karate was virtually unknown in his native city. He spent the next several years gain- ing the confidence of Master Mas Oyama who allowed him to open a Chicago branch of the Qyama School in 1960. Gruzanski has been studying Ka- rate since 1954. He is a black belter in Judo and has studied at the world famous Kodokan, Since 1960, he has trained hundreds of students, includ- ing police officers, doctors, lawyers, nurses, and the famous Chicago Police TUF Squad (Task Force Undercover Function). Members of the TUF Squad watk the streets disguised as drunks, conventioneers, soldiers, and ‘other potential victims, seeking “jack- rollers." Gruzanski introduced Zen medi- tation to his students feeling that those studying the martial arts must coordinate the body with the mind, As a result of Gruzanski's intro- duction of Zen meditation in hi ‘school, other Karate schools in Amer- are following his lead.Students of the Karate School of Oyama in Chicago. Mas Qyama presents Nidan certificate to Frank Beske at Oyama’s branch sehool. Instructor Frank Beske of Oyama Karate Schoot breaks four J+ by [2einch boards with Mae Geri. 23The Moo Duk Kwan is the largest association in Tang Soo Do in Korea. It was founded by Kee Hwang, &th- Dan, in 1945, at its present head- quarters in Seoul, Korea. Tang S00 Do techniques are powerful and fast, emphasizing kicking attacks. In Ko- rea, men five feet four inches can jump kick boards and tiles held sever feet im the air and shatter them. Tang Soo Do attacks are 80-percent kicks, but the hands are not neglected. A fist of Sho-Dan has been clocked at one hundred miles per hour, Tang Soo Do: Child’s Play This Father-Son Relationship Pays Off Text by Charles Sereff and Photos by Clark Aiken | became acquainted with the Moo Duk Kwan association about three years ago when I studied with a Ko- ean officer, Choii, Sung Hak, at Lowrey Air Force Base in Denver, Colorado. After he left, I met Robert ‘Thompson and Fran Heitmann, both 2nd-Dans, who had trained at Osan Force Base in Korea. By study- ing with these fine teachers for two years, I made Sho-Dan. Then I ‘opened my own club, the Denver ‘Tang Soo Do Academy. 24‘Scott Ser O'Rourl March of winces ax he takes a juntp kick from opponent Sean ‘at the First New Mexico Karare Tournament held Both boys received trophys. After a short time, the idea of a children's class frequently passed my mind, but 1 wasn’t sure if Tang Soo Do would be able to hold their in- terest. I decided to experiment with my oldest son, Scott, eight years old. sd Criswell also had a son who was the sume age So with these two, we be One of my students, Fi 25‘Slow Going It was slow going at first and took a great deal of paticnce. But gradually the boys beeame interested and took the training seriously. Coordination and balance began to improve through repeated basic blocks and strikes. Soon they were advancing to the many kicking techniques that Tang Soo Do is famous for. When Scott started training, his re- port card in physical education at school read, “Needs improvement in coordination and competitive play.” Six weeks later, his report card read, “Ouisianding in physical education, coordination, and self-confidence.” This convinced me the training had done wonders for my boy and ‘encouraged me to develop the chil- dren's class. Slowly we began to fill the class. Another of my students, Ralph Krause, with great patience and care, became the boys’ instructor. He ‘taught awkward, self-conscious boys to become graceful and self-confident. ‘They were also taught the valuc of self-restraint and the high honor code of the Hwa Rang Dan warriors 26 | | Charles Sereff demonstrates basic techniques to his sons, Seon, 8, and Guy, 3. lds Scot Sereff (left) and Fred Criswell, Jr do ‘Kaas between their fathers, Charles, (left), anel Fred.Advanced Rapidly Scott and Fred Jr advanced rav pidly and were soon doing formal ex- ercises or Hyungs. Next they began mastering flying kicks and semicfree fighting. The boys took part in many demonstrations and were always re- scived well by the audience. Doing Hyungs in front of as many as 200 persons really built their self-con- fidence. ‘Then in November came a very proud day for me; I presented Scott and Fred Jr. with their green belts. rx KARATE STRIKING BALL KIT Fine grain leather ball, laced on top, reinforced seam stitching, replaceable inner rubber bladder. With 2 six-foot heavy duty stretch cables, anchor screws and mounting instructions, Capable of withstanding the hardest of karate punches and or kicks. Available in 30 days KBKI - - - - $10.80 27.An Extensive Study of the Lchin ching and Bodhidharma’s Connection With the Oriental Martial Arts The Lchin ching, Fact or Fancy? Why is there such confusion over the authenticity and interpretation of the I-chin ching, an ancient se¢ of ex ercises thought to have originated with Bodhidharma? Is the L-chin ching a genuine work of the early Sth century as claimed or is it a later forgery? What association did Bodhtdtar- ‘ma, the Indian Buddhist priest, have with Lehin ching? Was jt an Indian work translated into Chinese? What is the underlying purpose of 1? Can the Lehin ching be considered the nucleus of the modern Martial Arts? This series is the result of extensive research into these questions by Wil- liam C. C. Hu. Part one recounts a popular story as 10 how the Tchin ching came to be written Tate tas sty eats, various teo- ties have promoted the claim that the foundations of the Martial Arts, e.g... Karate, Kung-fu, were found in a sys= tem of exercises called the I-chin ching ( 49% ), or in Japanese, Ekikinkyo. This theory, and also the belief that Bodhidharma is the father of Oriental Martial Arts, are not re- stricted to the West; they are also very ‘common in the East, 28 1 began my study by scarching the catalogues and bibliographies of both ancient and modern works. To my surprise, I found that there is not just one form of exerci F-chin ching, but ten ve tions. The I-chin ching is attributed 10 the Indian priest, Bodhidherma, who is supposed to have been in China during the early Sth century A.D by Dr. William C.C. Hu ‘However, there are many other ver- sions of how the chin ching was handed down through history. ‘The most popular story about Bod ‘hidharma relates that when he went to reside in the Shso-lin Monastery, hhe saw the monks were weak and un- healthy. In order to strengthen them, the devised a system af exercises called ‘he I-chin ching. Before Bodhidharma’s death, heBodhidharma Arrives at the Cos ‘of Wucti, First Emperor of the Liang Dynasty 29,gave to his successor, Hui-neng ( Bat), two sacred books, the Hsi-sui ching ( SAME ) and the E-chin ching ( B3§#% ). The Hui- neng unfortunately, did not survive history, but the other did. This story cannot be documented by historical record; neither can its authors or sources be substantiated. It is found in the preface of a small book published in 1875 called the Wei- sheng I-chin ching 4&3. 3448 and written by Sung Kuang-so CBX ). The pretace is said to have been written by Li Ching ( 33h) a great military officer of the T'ang dynasty (618-906 A.D-). It is dated the second year of the reign of Emperor Tai-tsung of the T'ang Dynasty (629 A.D.) LiChing writes: “In the time of the Hou-Wei dy- nasty (424-535 A.D.), in the year of Taicho (477 A.D.) when Emperor Hsiao-ming was on the Dragon throne, the Indian priest Ta-mo (Bodhid- arma in Chinese), arrived at the court of Wu-ti, the first emperor of the Liang dynasty. He then went to the Kingdom of Wei in Northem China and lived in the Shao-lin Mon- astery. After a residence of nine years, he died and was buried at the foot of the Hsiung-erh Mountain, between the present day provinces of Honan and Shansi, After a course of years while his monument was being repaired, an iron box was discovered within his coffin. “The inside of the box was filled with wax which protected the con- tents, The contents were #0. books, cone termed the Hsi-sui ching and the other the F-chin ching. “The I-chin ching concemed the conservation of the body. The Hsi-sui ching, however, was later lost to the world alter several generations. The surviving text of the chin ching was written in the language of T'ien-chu (as India was then called), There was great difficulty in having the text trans- lated and the real meaning of the f= chin ching was lost. 30 “What the priests of the Shao-lin Monastery derived from the F-chin ching was the advantages of self-de- fense methods. One of the monks at the monastery argued that what Bod- hidharma left could not. be unimpor- tant and just methods of self-defense. This monk went on a pilgrimage to the O-mei Mountains in the province of Szechwan in Southwestern China in search of one who could translate the work and extract the true mean- ing of the Lechin ching. He soon met an Indian priest by the fname of Pramiti Pramiti told him that the Ianguage of Buddha cannot be readily translated because it is extra- ordinarily deep in meaning. Prarsiti explained the I-chin ching only as far as he was able, The monk was invited to stay at the temple and be initiated by degrees into the details of the J-chin ching. In one hundred days of practising, he became quite strong. In the second ‘one hundred days, his entre body had received the full benefit. After the third one hundred days, his constitu. tion became as hard as steel, and he felthe could be a Buddha, The visiting monk was so pleased that he accom- panied the Indian priest wherever he went. “A person by the name of Hsti Hung (4a _) met the monk and Pramiti and obtained from them the secret method of the I-chin ching. Hsti- Hung then gave the teats ofthe f-chin ching to a red-bearded person who in turn gave it to the writer of this pref acc.” ‘This story attributed to the pen of LiChing, isa bit suspicious. If it were really written by Li Ching, then two questions must be answered. First, Li Ching during the time that the pref ace Was supposed to have been writ ten, was the president of the Board of Rites. With the changing of an em- peror (T'aitsung being the second Emperor of the T'ang dynasty) there ‘would be very little time for the Presi= dent of the Board of Rites to be wri ing prefaces. Also, there is a void in the biography of Li Ching concerning the F-chin ching. ‘The second question then arises. Why was there no mention in any other work of the existence of the J- chin ching from the seventh century AD. until the mid nineteenth century? ‘The I-chin ching is supposed to have been a mid fifth century work: how ever, throughout the national bibliog- raphies, catalogues, and historical an- nals, there is no mention of this work. It is strange that no Buddhist text should mention a work handed down by the fist patriarch of Zen Buddhism. x a READERS: Because of the tremer dous increase of correspondence requesting information, we will no longer be able to reply to those {ers not including a self-addressed, stamped envelope, = Black Belt FEATURING ED PARKER Kaa Kania ty the mate at dm Ear Fa dh Uenntte are TWO 89 FT. RES —OMLY— $5398 ppt rf further Hes ifoematon sent KARATE PRODUCTIONS BOK 42081, LOS ANGELES 43, CALI,PUNCHING BOARD! (Makiwara) "x4" 10" Standard KPB410 Economy KPB 410A. UNIFORM BAGS Heavy Black Vinyl Zipper bags with Spring Steel Frame Judo JSBI8 $5.50 Karate KSBI8 $5.50 MARTIAL ARTS SUPPLY COMPANY P. 0. Box 8176 LOS ANGELES, CALIF. 90008 31Wace ee eels Downward Block (gedan-barai) and Counterattack This technique is used mainly against kicking attacks. The forearm near the wrist deflects the kick aimed at the groin, abdomen, or solar plexus. After the block, the opponent is open for an effective counterattack. Nokamora et} end pas tae ae 1 himself for attackNekamura blocks Ozawa's right arm as Oxawa shifts weight in preparation for a kick. Orawa throws a sharp his left arm into downward block motion. Nal hand is ready for the counterattack ‘The hand of Nakamura's blocking arm has swung diagonally — Seon sng safcting ation ATi eo ’ impact, Nakamura's arm is complotely extended. He hat Natamura oxecutes his counterattack with a strong punch to made sure he hasn't extended his arm beyond the front of the side, His balance is excellent because he deflected the his body, nor lifted the shoulder of his blocking arm which point of contact and ftned bis wen makes i impossible to tonto the chest muscles, ments to thote of Ozawa's, ide Nake- Interntional Karate Organization, San Gabriel, Calif. 33Approach With Reason, Not With Tradition An Engineer Dissects Karate Text by Joe J. Marti Ill and photos by Jack Steadman Te rcrmt is more than a cestury behind the deveop- ment of Judo, it is omly because of the negligence and ignorance of the instructors and students. Dr. Choule J. Sonu, a former Karate instructor and engineering professor at the University of Florida and now at Louisiana State University, has been trying to modernize Karate with his “rational approach” method. ‘The Sth-degree black belter from the Wado-Ryu says that this gap is not a result of unintelligence, but rather of negligence in changing their teaching methods in light of science, Rational Approach His rational approach is to dissect each technique un- der analysis and reduce each move to a physics diagram —then solve for maximum effectiveness in terms of the greatest output for the minimum input. It was as chief instructor of the Florida University’s Karate club that Dr. Sonu noticed shortcomings in the way Karate is being taught and interpreted in the United States today. Too many students and instructors are. con- tent to mimic the techniques of others, and fear to de- fe from tradition thinking it would be a sacrilege to do 30, Dr. Sonu believes that traditions make the art rather than the art making the traditions, ‘He advocates a break with traditions when they fail scientific analysis. His rational approach, he believes, may well be the key to unlocking the potentialities of Karate. 34The limit to the ways of teaching Karate is determined only by the number of individuals associated with it, Every instructor has his own pet theories which he emphasizes, but this in itself is not bad. What is bad to the art, he fee! is the way some of those theories are formulated, It is @ sad fact, Dr. Sonu says, that not every chang hhas been an improvement, It has been, and stil is, the method of some instructors to modify the techniques of Karate to suit their own purposes without 1 Some ard for 1 will. make lvancement of the art as a whole. changes which clearly conflict with the laws of physics, and even the most accomplished master of Kai disregard the principles of physics. Is that the need is for more Karate. Modern class: be combined with the old m procedures should “show ‘em how’ ad use today method which is in widespr Gear Teaching Methods Dr, Sonu bel geared to the in teach Jual because not every Karate student wes that methods should be has the background of seience and mathem Teaching Karate is really just sining the student to interpret Karate will benefit. mostthose who approach it with an open mind. An objective study tends to bring out the core more quickly because both student and instructor in questioning the recognized tenets, must constantly confirm even the most basic doctrines Dr. Sonu believes that any instructor worth his belt should be willing to put his teachings to the test. He also feels that top many Karate students hold back their ques- tions because they don’t want to offend the instructor. To avoid this in his own classes, he begins every class by telling his students that to blindly defend the dogmas of Karate will do immeasurable harm, but to actively seck cout the weaknesses of the art and work to strengthen them is to really contribute to its advancement, ‘As with any other deviation from the beaten path, this method of teaching and interpreting Karate has been criticized by purists who maintain that any change in the art would be detrimental, But in Dr. Sonu’s mind, the application of scientific principles to the teaching and teepreting of Karate will lead to a better understanding of the art, Then and only then, he feels, will Karate reach its full potential. oe Martin practices flying sile thrust kick against seven-foot ‘Makawara Board. a‘After a six weeks’ illness, the doctor insisted 1 do some- thing to improve my muscle tone. Judo, he suggested, would beexcellent therapy. WOULD JUDOIT? A Housewife’s Joust with Judo by Jean M. Diamond Ta aso uott 1 had ined up with « number of women judo instructor that I learned we would be the ight by him. Until now he had taught only agile West Pointers and boot camp reeruits. Like it or not, wwe were pioneers. I waited in my official judogi and bare feet, Never had I felt material as strong as that woven into the judogi.. ‘The instructor arrived wihtout a sound, and a gasp went down the line of women. Here was an enlarged live repto- duction of Yul Brynner, and in color, Not a hair showed ‘on his head, Slanting eyebrows and a ruddy sunburned com- plexion topped his six-foot frame. He was a grizzly bear in shoulders and arms. I looked around, Where was that small, fragile Japanese I was going to toss over my shoulders? 38 He spoke a different language. No longer was I a Judo student. I was a Judoka standing in a dojo (gym) on a shigja’ (mat). My instructor was a yudansha (one who holds a black belt grade) who would try to teach me the waza (art) of Judo. He disliked wanryoku (the use of strength) and emphasized the butsukari (practice to the position of broken balance only). “Judo,” he said, is a sport based on the ancient art of Jujitsu, One must be courteous and respect the safety of hhis opponent. Before each shobu (contest), he said, we ‘must bow to our opponent and then to the picture of Jigoro Kano, founder of Kodokan Judo. “Judo is based on yielding ground and using the op- ponent’s momentum. One should strive for speed of mind and motion with coordination.” I listened, impatient to begin the instruction,He told us that Judo translated means “the gentle way” and that its theory is opposite to natural reactions and most American exercises He taught us how to fall safely. 1 was surprised. After 38 ‘years of falling off horses and out of trees, 1 considered ‘myself an expert, He didn't, Along with ten other women T spent two evenings falling on the mat In the next maneuver, I ad to knock my partner off thet feet and lower her gently to the floor. I coud see this ‘would be much easier if I disliked my partner. 1 was re- minded of my first dancing class when we hung to our partners out of desperation, not even speaking, being so busy keeping off cach other's fect To throw my partner, I had to cut her across the back of her ealf with the back of may heel while holding the lapels of her judogi. She was to do the same to me and at the same time. We hopped up and down as though on a hot riddle before we passed the point of buisukari and landed on our “butsus.” When the instructor sorted us out, he said Judo really wasn't that difficult, I should relax. Follow instructions and I could even throw him. So 1 followed instructions and I threw him — into the air, over my head, all the lovely 200 pounds, grizzly bear shoulders and slanted eyebrows, Now I was more confi- dent. Judo no longer mystified me. Then I made my big mistake. 1 invited my husband to the next class, “The insteuctor asked me to demonstrate a point. All I remember next was fying through the air with the greatest of ease. My husband laughed with abandon and my son shricked, “What's that man doing to mommy?” When I landed seconds later, I decided a middle-aged woman flying through the air in a bathrobe after a hard day's work is a pretty ridiculous sight. I gave up pure Kodokan Judo. My son was happier. 39—— copies at $1.00 each. BLACK BELT MAGAZINE ‘5650 W. WASHINGTON BLYD., LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90016 SSUES REQUESTED —JUDO SPORT SHIRT Powder Blue 100% Catton 18°11 — Small 15°13 — Large JSP14 — X-Lorge $4.50 e aa as ‘SCROLLS FOR HOME OR DOJO Specialy-made seals to decor homes or doles are now avalable These seals are manufscured in the US. wits brush work bythe famed Sumi instruc tae, Mr, Hara of Tolye, Bleck characters on white reinforced paper. 12°30" Jodo WSI2. Karate KWS12 Aide AWSI2 7 walls of $295 JUDO EMBROIDERED EMBLEM 2° ameter, White bacground with Oriental ‘range mordngs, and black outline of double bag howe. 3 diameter, orange baciground with bia ‘utined figure and lack wordings, igure in waite ie =. $100 5° ‘square on gold background. White figure, outlined in black with black wording. $2.00 KES T-SHIRT Judo Emblem JTS11 — Small J1812— Medium JTS13 — Large. sTS14 — X-Large Karate Emblem KIS — Small KIS}4—XLorge $2.00 lz SS JQ0O : ]s228orers PENNANTS: Specialy stk sereened pennants with ce Feat detail of action figures on quality felt material 9° x 2". Tudo (White background with black figures ‘ond wordings). cd Hoe Karate wesc? $3.00 ea, Ue) SUPPLY COMPANY La a SOL) eee eae ‘SWEAT SHIRT Jude Emblem 48812 — Medium ISST4 — XLarge Karate Emblem KSS11 — Small KSS14— XLarge $4.00 TRAINING WEIGHTS Reinforced ving pockets fi has a postive fastening device wich ‘ambermme buckles TWO Ti Wrist weight IWS. 1% 1b, Wrist weight W202 te. Writ meg TWO 2h Atk weight THD 3b, Ankle weight TBISO Waist wsight i sizes ‘Small 26°30") large 06°40") 1 with bead shot,az JUDO_TECHNIQUE Hon Ho Son, a jude coach of Germany, demonstrates hit fovorite throw, the fai-otoshi. Another name for this tech: nique is chothi-woza, or chance technique, which implies the importance af seizing the apperturity forthe thaw and ‘epplying it quickly, Harmony between hands and feet is cesentol. 1. When his opponent steps sideways fo the right, Son drops down and steps back with hie left foot, He has unbal- anced the opponent towards the right front corner by pulls ing him ferward and pushing upwards with his hands, making him come up on his f00s. San has quickly cut his right foot across the front of the opponent's right foot,2, Son isin perfect postion forthe throw os the opponent hos token «@ step forward and Sen's feet are pointing in the some direction. He hor made his opponent depend fer ‘is bolance on the ball of his right foot. 3. San, in excellent form, throws his opponent quickly by pulling his left elbow in hord toward his stomach and puch ing up with his right hond. This sweeping action is executed exactly in the same direction that his opponent is moving toward his left oblique rear). San is extremely careful when he applies this technique not to attack promaturaly.. Photographs by Herbert Velte WANT A PEN PAL? Why not? Wilbur C. Robinson of Mon: roe, Louisiana, wrote Black Belt Magazine recently requesting the editor to print his letter about pen pals. Wilbur doesn't care if his pen pals are male or female, but they should be around 15, his age. He's mainly interested in Judo and Karate and ean be con- tacted at 203 South 23rd Street, Monroe, Louisiana, o 43Black Belt Interview With Koichi Tohei Technique Without Ki, Says Master, Is Not Aikido BLACK BELT: How manytimes have you visited the United States? TOHEL: I've made five trips to Hawaii and two to California, BLAGK BELT: Have you been to any other countries? TOHE!: No, but the Hombu (head quarters) has sent five instruc- tors to Europe. BLACK BELT: Are you planning to visit other countries? TOHEI: No, | have too many students. to teach in America. BLACK BELT: Is Aikido good tor children? TOHEL: Yes, in Hawaii, the Aikikai teaches children from 8 years old up. They have about 300 children today. BLACK BELT: But don’t you think it is too difficult for them to un. derstand the ki? TOHEI: Yes, it is difficult, but they lear if the instructor can ex ‘plain the coordination of the ki with the body. BLACK BELT: What is the best age to learn Aikido? TOHEL: | think about 8 years old 44 BLACK BELT: Don't you think that age is too young? Before they ‘can really understand the ki ‘they'll be tired of the art, ‘TOHE!: This depends on the teach. ings. BLACK BELT: To what extent? TOHEI: Some excellent university professors cannot teach chil dren, only adults. Aikido .in- structors are the same. But it is a prerequisite that children have a superior instructor, BLACK BELT: Would you recom mend Aikido for women? TOHEI: Yes. BLACK BELT: How about older peo- ple? TOHE!: Yes, for them also, BLACK BELT: Why aren't there ‘more women and older people who practice Aikido? They seem to be enthusiastic at first but eventually fade out alter tak ing a few falls. TOHEI: Because they are afraid to fall. One Aikido instructor rea lized this and started a special type of training for these peo: ple. His students just do exer: ciises with the application of ‘the ki under the guidance of Police Lt. Shinichi Suzuki of Maui, Hawaii. They learned to flow the ki just as well as their counterparts who study the en: tire art. BLACK BELT: Do you think the main Principle of Aikido is the ki TOHE!: Yes. BLACK BELT: How many countries have Aikido dojos today? TOHE!: Aikido was ‘taught in 18 countries five years ago. but | don't know the exact figures today-maybe 30 or 40 coun. tries, BLACK BELT: Approximately how many person participate in Ai kido today? . TOHE!: About 100,000 I'¢ say. BLACK BELT: How many in Japan and Hawaii? TOHEI: Seventy to 80 thousand in Japan. About 1,500 in Hawaii. BLACK BELT: Is it easier to teach American beginners or Japa: nese? TOHE!: The Japanese seem to ac cept it more readily BLACK BELT: In other words the ‘Americans are more skeptical?CO ay Pe ey Pe eee mei ‘mental in introducing aikido to Ha- Cee ec eect Belt interviewed him recently to find Ce UT POTS ne Rend CoccaTOHEI: Well, the Japanese are skep- tical too, but they are easier to convince, BLACK BELT: Many readers want to know the differences, if any between the various Aiki: do groups, such as Hombu, Yeshinkai, Goshin, and others, Are there any differences? TOHEI: The techniques look alike but only Hombu applies the ki. Without the ki, this, to me, is not Aikido. If you use physical force to do the techniques, your movements will not be na tural. BLACK BELT: Are there many police forces using Aikido? TOHEI: Yes, Hawaii police depart: ‘ments have been using Aikido for many years and so have the Japanese police depart. ments. BLACK BELT: What about the Japa: nese Army and Navy? TOHEL: Every military camp in Japan has an Aikido organization, BLACK BELT: I notice that you tiave been giving many exhibitions to the police in New York, San Francisco, Los Angeles and the other large cities. What were their reactions? TOHE!: They were very receptive to Aikido, but the problam in New York was how ta teach 27,000 policemen, | remained only a short time in that city. The only way to-each 27,000 police men is to have an instructor in each department. BLACK BELT: Recently we noticed a pocketbook entitled The Power of Aikido by Claude St. Denise that sells for 95 cents. ‘Any comment on the book? TOHEI: I've seen this book and frankly believe the author 46doesn’t know the principles of Aikido because such state: ments as: '"More powerful than karate and judo..." is con. trary to Aikido’s teaching. The mountain doesn't laugh at the river because it is lowly nor does the river laugh at the mountain because it cannot move. Each art has its own ‘goad points and philosophy and never should we criticize any of the other arts. Such a book as this will only give a miscon- ception of Aikido and slow its growth. | personally do not know the author, Claude St. Denise, BLACK BELT: If a police department wants to see a demonstration of Aikido how much will they have to pay? TOHEI: Nothing, I'll do it free any. time, BLACK BELT: Do you think Aikido can be applied to your daily lite? TOHEL: Certainly! The most impor. tant concept of Aikido training is to applying it to daily life. Aikido teaches you to relax and that alone is beneficial. | wrote a book recently entitled How to Apply Aikido Principles To Your Daily Life. BLACK BELT; Is that book written in Japanese or English? TOHEL: in Japanese, but an English translation should be out soon. BLAGK BELT: Gould you give us an idea as to the main theme of the book? TOHEI: This book explains the de- tails of ki, The first book tells readers how they can under- stand ki, how they can develop it, and how they can apply it to their daily life in sleeping. waking, eating, walking, and thinking a7BLACK BELT: Do you actually con: centrate or keep your one point 24 hours a day or are ‘you like most people in the United States and only do it in tthe dojo (school)? I: I definitely keep my one point at all times. If you do it only in the dojo, you cannot develop your ki because the training you receive in the do jo is too short. Only an hour or two a day is not enough. You must do it until it becomes a part of you and you do it na- turally — unconsciously like breathing. Too many begin ners do not really understand and keep concentrating on the one point (a point 2 inches be- low your navel) almost in a physical manner. They look at their expanded bellies and think they are doing it right They do not understand they must concentrate, not inten- ; sively, but calmly. BLACK BELT: Why is it that while ‘the demand for Aikido instruc: tors in the United States has gone up considerably there still seems to be a lack of do: ios? TOHE!: Because there aren't enough instructors. If Aikido was only a physical art, you could easily teach a person to become an instructor. But because Aikido stresses. the ki, the training takes much longer. Until an in steuctor knows the art - phy ¢ sically and mentally ~ he can’t — do a good job. It would be like / the blind leading the blind BLACK BELT: Is it possible to study ‘Aikido from a book for many of these people who do not have a dojo in their area? ToHI It is very difficult to under: stand the movements of Aikido from a book but you may be able to leam and apply the 48mental aspect of Aikido trom a book, You must, of course read the book thoroughly may. be four or five times, before you can really understand it Then you must practice the movements and attempt ta fol low what you have read. BLACK BELT; In other words, you do recommend a person to study from a book if a doja is not available? TOHE!: Yes, if a dojo is not avail able, But if one is, you should attend a good dojo because ‘you'll be able to learn the finer points of the art which you may miss from a book BLACK BELT: If | should read your book and misinterpret ane of the techniques or exercises, and keep practicing it wrong, will that hinder my develop- ment ster on when I join a dojo? TOHE!: No. When | visited Chicago a few months ago, four Ohio- ans came to study under me and | was surprised because they knew the techniques quite well. When | inquired who ‘taught them, they said that they had learned it from my book. One person would read while the others practiced the tech: niques. They didn't reveal any major faults in their move- ments. I'm glad that my book ‘can help people who live in an area where a dojo is not ac: cessible. BLACK BELT: Do you recommend any specific exercise for a student outside the do} TOHE!: Yes, a student should prac tice whatever he learned in the dojo. This will develop his tech: nique much faster, BLACK BELT: Could you say how'a student could be mare con: scious of the one point so he can develop his ki faster? TOHEI: | always teach in the dojo ‘that you must apply your one point and keep applying it con- tinuously until it becomes a habit. | even tell students to teach others so they can un- derstand, BLACK BELT: Don't you think it is dangerous to concentrate on the one point while driving? TOHE!: Too many people misunder- stand concentrating on the one point and nothing else This is a misconception. Con- centration of the one point means to keep your mind calm and after you receive that feel+ ing to retain that feeling, Then you can drive your car or do anything else more safely and with better judgment, BLACK BELT: Will you return to the United States after this trip? TOHE! I Yes, I'll try to be back again 1966 or 1967. BLACK BELT: Are you satisfied with the growth of Aikido in the United States? TOHEI: Actually, I'm flabbergasted by the growth of Aikido in the United States. | didn’t think it would grow as fast as it has within the last four years " LOS ANGELES, CALIF. 90008 TROPHY FIGURINES AIKIDO SR SINGLE’ JUDO $2.00 poUBLE, JUDO See $2.75 a $4.00 MARTIAL ARTS SUPPLY COMPANY P. 0. Box 8176 494 aan OE TEE: GIVE ‘BIACK BE HANDSOME CUSTOM BINDER Preserves Valuable Back Issues of Black Belt (holds 12 issues) Made of hard, grained vinyl NEW MONTHLY SUBSCRIPTION RATES 1 year (17 issues) — 85.00 (you save $1.00) 2 years (24 dssices) — $9.00 (you save $3.00) 7 years (36 isswes)— $12.00 (you save $6.00) Other countries: Add 51.00 per year for postage Special offer: All new 3-year subscribers are offered a bonus price of $1.90 for a handtome Black Belt Binder (Reguler Price $3.90) Black Belt, 5550 W. Washington Blvd., Lor Angeles |, Calif Tenclose Bill me Renewal Address city State Sent by Gift Cards to Signed s+ Also include my subscription 50OLYMPIC PRESENTATION MEDAL fincledes plastic case) aks Ist GOLD PLATED {ee Ridbon 2nd SILVER PLATED $3.00 (Red Ribbon) IMS-2 3rd $2.00 GENUINE BRONZE (White Ribbon) IM-2 $2.50 JUDO PEN SETS KARATE PEN SETS (Walnut Base) (Walnut Base) (Ebony Base) (Ebony Base) JPS1 $7.75 KPS1 8.75 JPS2 7.50 KPS2 8.50 Judo Medallion with case 1st GOLD ‘iate) JMG-1 $2.35 2nd SILVER ‘cist JMS-1 $2.10 3rd BRONZE genuine) JMB-1 $1.75 MARTIAL ARTS SUPPLY COMPANY P. 0. Box 8176 LOS ANGELES, CALIF, 90008) slTOURNAMENT RESULTS Mike Stone shows grand champion trophy he just won at the 1968 international Karare Tournasnent held August I in Lome Beach. Congratulating him is Ed Parker, producer of the Mike Stone of Honolulu captured his second straight international karate championship August 1 by defeating Tommy Tulleners of Altadena, Calif, before a capacity crowd of 4,000 at Long Beach, Cali Stone, recently discharged from the U. S. Army, has been sweeping first place honors in every contest he has entered. He won this year's championship, held in the municipal auditorium, with one point when the two-minute time limit expired Middleweight Tulleners got his opportunity at Stone by defeating lightweight Al Caraulia in a playoff of the winners of the two black belt divisions Art Pelela, heavyweight black belt winner, lost his bid for the championship match to Stone in a contest heavily applauded for beautiful technique. Matches were two minutes long with a “sudden death” 52 rule applied when neither contestant was ahead at the end of the time limit, This rule gave the match to the op- ponent who was either ahead at the end of the time limit or who scored the first point after the time limit Brown belt winners in the light, middle, and heavy weight divisions respectively were Tony Martinez of Salt Lake City, Utah, Skipper Mullins, of Dallas, Tex., and Chris Wells, of Redondo Beach, Calif. White belt winners in the same categories were Steve Sanders of Los Angeles, Calif., George E. Card of Boston, Mass,, and Amold Urquidez of North Hollywood, Calif. Producer of the international karate championship was Ed Parker, president of Kenpo Karate Studios. Complete coverage of the tournament with photos will appear in next month's issue.160-Pound Tony Owed of Toledo, Ohio, competes againse 260-pound Nick Bieyandaht of Canada during 13th Annual Midwestern AAU Judo Championships. Owed won. THIRTEENTH ANNUAL MIDWESTERN AAU JUDO CHAMPIONSHIPS Jim Walesley Detroit, Mich. ~The high point at this tournament held in the University of Detroit Memorial Field House was Koji Oshima’s full-point win to lead the U.S. team to a 50 to 30 victory over the Canadian team. More than 460 persons competed before 4,000 spec- tators at the tournament held this year on June 19. The “Best Player” award went to 160-pound Tony Owed of Toledo, Ohio, for his determination in defeating 260- pound Nick Bleyandahl in the team matches, Junior grand champion was Kerry Shintani of Chicago. White Bele Ist — Gary Weaver (Mansfield YMCA); 2nd — Robert Perry (Detroit YMCA) Inrermediane Ist— Rickey Marlette (Saginaw, Mich.); 2nd — Phillip Otten (Ishikawa, Penn.) Brown Belt Ist— Larry Kaminski (Canada); 2nd— Luiz Gonzalez (OFA, Ohio) Black Belt Ist— Koji Oshima, (OSA, Ohio); 2nd— Dave Malloy (Canada) JO Year Old Ist— Steve Cohen (Chicago); 2nd — Craig Fujioka (Chi- ago) J? Year Old Ist— Bruce Umekubo (Chicago); 2nd — Jerry Okuba (Chicago) 14 Year Old Ist— Scott Berge (Detroit); 2nd—Ray Suginomori (Canada) Kerry Shintani_ (Chicago) ; 16 Year Old (Canada) Junior Grand Champion: Kerry Shintani 2nd— Morgan Blackmore 33