It is one of the most important museums in the Mediterranean region and
the second museum of the African continent after the Egyptian Museum of
Cairo by richness of its collections.[1] It traces the history of Tunisia over
several millennia and across several civilizations through a wide variety
of archaeological pieces.
Housed in an old beylical palace since 1888, it has been the setting for the
exhibition of many major works discovered since the beginning of
archaeological research in the country. Originally called Alaoui Museum ,
named after the reigning bey at the time, it takes its current name of Bardo
Museum after the independence of the country even if the denomination is
attested before that date.
The museum houses one of the largest collections of Roman mosaics in
the world, thanks to excavations at the beginning of 20th century in various
archaeological sites in the country
including Carthage, Hadrumetum, Dougga and Utica. Generally, the
mosaics of Bardo, such as the Virgil Mosaic, represent a unique source for
research on everyday life in Roman Africa. From the Roman era, the
museum also contains a rich collection of marble statues representing the
deities and the Roman emperors found on different sites including those of
Carthage.
The exterior of this palace is very plain, a simple white block that does not
reflect the wealth or social status of the occupants. This is typical of
traditional North African architecture. However, the door of a traditional
building is another matter. A Tunisian door is not just a means of
separating private spaces from the outdoors. A traditional door is large and
made of solid wood.
The museum is sectioned into many departments including Prehistory,
Phoenician-Punic civilization, the Numidian world, the underwater Mahdia
collection, Late Antiquity, Islam, Christianity, Carthage Gallery, and others.
A tour through the museum will feel like a journey through time to explore
the rich and preserved cultural heritage and history of Tunisia.