UNIT 7: MULTIMEDIA &FUTURE NETWORKING

Answer own Innovation, Creativity & Tinkering.

Unit 7: Multimedia & Future Networking (4Hrs.)
1. Overview Multimedia Streaming Protocols: SCTP
2. Overview of SDN and its Features, Data and Control Plane
3. Overview of NFV
4. Overview of NGN

Point to Note

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“BE CURIOUS, NOT JUDGMENTAL.” - An up thrust for own knowledge
UNIT 7: MULTIMEDIA &FUTURE NETWORKING
Answer own Innovation, Creativity & Tinkering.

Multimedia
 Multimedia Technology that enables humans to use computers capable of processing textual data, audio
and video, still pictures, and animation.

 Today, people not only use the internet to watch movies but also to upload videos (YouTube), make
internet calls (Skype and Google talk).

 By the end of the decade and with emerging technologies like 4G and Wi-Fi access, Internet will not
only provide phone service for less money, but will also provide numerous value-added services, such as
video conferencing, online directory services, and voice messaging.

1. Overview Multimedia Streaming Protocols: SCTP

 SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) is a protocol for transmitting multiple streams of data at
the same time between two end points that have established a connection in a network.
 Sometimes referred to as "next generation TCP" (Transmission Control Protocol) - or TCPng, SCTP is
designed to make it easier to support a telephone connection over the Internet (and specifically to
support the telephone system's Signaling System 7 - SS7 - on an Internet connection).
 A telephone connection requires that signaling information (which controls the connection) be sent
along with voice and other data at the same time.
 SCTP also is intended to make it easier to manage connections over a wireless network and to manage
the transmission of multimedia data. SCTP is a standard protocol { Request for Comments (RFC 2960)
}developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

2. Overview of SDN and its Features, Data and Control Plane

A software-defined network (SDN) architecture (or SDN architecture) defines how a networking and
computing system can be built using a combination of open, software-based technologies and commodity
networking hardware that separate the SDN control plane and the SDN data plane of the networking stack.

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“BE CURIOUS, NOT JUDGMENTAL.” - An up thrust for own knowledge
UNIT 7: MULTIMEDIA &FUTURE NETWORKING
Answer own Innovation, Creativity & Tinkering.

A view of an SDN system: the control plane accepts network policy updates from network operators and install them on
the data plane so that the concurrent user traffic is not affected during the transition.

 These terms are abstract logical concepts, much like the OSI model.
 Data plane refers to all the functions and processes that forward packets/frames from one interface to
another.
 Control plane refers to all the functions and processes that determine which path to use. Routing
protocols, spanning tree, etc are examples.
 Management plane is all the functions you use to control and monitor devices.
 These are mostly logical concepts but things like SDN separate them into actual devices.
 Finally, all manufacturers use these concepts.

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“BE CURIOUS, NOT JUDGMENTAL.” - An up thrust for own knowledge
UNIT 7: MULTIMEDIA &FUTURE NETWORKING
Answer own Innovation, Creativity & Tinkering.

a. The control plane logic is decoupled from (Network Elements - NEs ) NEs and makes it the centralized entity for entire networking
environment.

b. The SDN architecture and its abstractions

Figure: Control & Data planes separation and SDN architecture.

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“BE CURIOUS, NOT JUDGMENTAL.” - An up thrust for own knowledge
UNIT 7: MULTIMEDIA &FUTURE NETWORKING
Answer own Innovation, Creativity & Tinkering.

3. Overview of NFV
Network Functions Virtualization, NFV
Network Functions Virtualization, NFV is an approach to telecommunications networking where the network
entities that traditionally used dedicated hardware items are now replaced with computers on which software
runs to provide the same functionality.

By running a network based around NFV, Network Functions Virtualization techniques, it is easier to expand
and modify the network, and it is able to provide considerably more flexibility as well as being able to
standardize on much of the hardware as it consists of additional computing power. In this way costs can be
considerably reduced.

Benefits

NFV promises a number of benefits to network operators, including:

 Reduce costs in purchasing network equipment via migration to software on standard servers
 Efficiencies in space, power, and cooling
 Faster time to deployment
 Flexibility – elastic scale up and scale down of capacity
 Access to a broad independent software community, including open source

NFV vs. SDN

Software defined networking (SDN) is typically defined as the separation of the forwarding and control planes
in a network element. It provides improved control/management as well as network programmability. SDN is
distinct from NFV – but many NFV deployments may use SDN controllers as part of the overall NFV architecture.

The main points of each are summarized below so that both SDN and NFV can be evaluated with their
similarities and differences.

Software Defined Networking, SDN: SDN deals with the replacement of standardized networking protocols
with centralized control. As a result, SDN promises to reduce the complexity of distributed networking control
protocols with the simplicity of programming an overall controller. As such this significantly improves the
flexibility as only a single instance needs updating to reflect a change.

Thus SDN separates the network control and forwarding planes and provides a central view for more efficient
implementation and running of the network services.

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“BE CURIOUS, NOT JUDGMENTAL.” - An up thrust for own knowledge
UNIT 7: MULTIMEDIA &FUTURE NETWORKING
Answer own Innovation, Creativity & Tinkering.
Network Functions Virtualization, NFV: NFV replaces the proprietary network elements of NEs with
software that runs on standard servers. In other words NFV focuses on optimizing the network services
themselves.

This technique decouples the network functions from proprietary hardware, placing them on more generic
servers or computers so these functions can run in software to provide more flexibility for operation, changes
and updates.

4. OVERVIEW OF NGN

A Next-Generation Network (NGN) is the term given to describe a telecommunications packet-based network
that handles multiple types of traffic (such as voice, data, and multimedia). It is the overlap of service provider
networks that includes the public switched telephone network (PSTN), the data network (the Internet), and, in
some instances, the wireless network as well.

NGN Characteristics

 Unified Global Networking Platform

 Packet-Based Network
 Provides Telecommunication Services to Users
 QoS-enabled Transport Technologies (Delay, Throughput, and Reliability)
 Services are Independent of Transport Technologies
 Unfettered(restricted) Access for Users to Networks and Services
 Generalized Mobility Which Allow Consistent and Ubiquitous (found everywhere) Provision of Services to
Users

INSPIRING LEARNING QUOTES

“NOTHING WILL WORK UNLESS YOU DO.”

Don’t be judgmental towards anyone, including yourself.

“YESTERDAY I WAS CLEVER, SO I CHANGED THE WORLD. TODAY I AM WISE, SO I AM CHANGING

MYSELF.”

“NEVER GIVE UP ON A DREAM JUST BECAUSE OF THE TIME IT WILL TAKE TO ACCOMPLISH IT. THE
TIME WILL PASS ANYWAY.”

“TELL ME AND I FORGET. TEACH ME AND I REMEMBER. INVOLVE ME AND I LEARN.”

Ask yourself: how is this changing me?

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“BE CURIOUS, NOT JUDGMENTAL.” - An up thrust for own knowledge