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Introduction to Cloud
SUBJECT: CLOUD COMPUTING & SECURITY (ECCDLOC7013)
DEPARTMENT LEVEL OPTIONAL COURSE-III (BE EXTC/ SEM-VII)
Subject Teacher: Dr. Shobhit K. Khandare
Overview
⮚Introduction to Cloud Computing
⮚Cloud characteristics
⮚Cloud computing components
⮚Comparing of cloud computing with Peer to peer architecture, Client server, Distributed, Grid
⮚Cloud Deployment Model – Public, Private, Community, Hybrid
⮚Service Models – SaaS, PaaS, IaaS
What is Computing?
Includes designing and building hardware / software for a wide range of purposes, processing,
structuring and managing various kinds of information
⮚Distributed Computing
⮚Grid Computing
⮚Cluster Computing
⮚Utility Computing
⮚Cloud Computing
Centralized Vs Distributed Computing
Distributed computing
▪ Controlling and managing is distributed
▪ Uni processor is not a concept
▪ Distributed Processor carries its own local memory and storage
▪ It provides computing services in distributed manner
▪ Each processor communicates with another processor through high speed lines
▪ Components: Workstations, Servers, Personal assistant devices
▪ Examples: Internet, ATM machines, Intranet
Distributed applications
1. Clients invoke individual servers
2. A typical distributed application based on peer processes
Grid Computing
▪ Grid computing harnesses unused processing cycles of all computers in a network for solving
problems too intensive for any stand-alone machine
▪
Application of Grid computing
▪ Today’s Science/Research is based on computations, data analysis, data visualization &
collaborations
▪ Computer Simulations & Modelling are more cost effective than experimental methods
▪ Scientific and Engineering problems are becoming more complex & users need more accurate,
precise solutions to their problems in shortest possible time
▪ Data Visualization is becoming very important
▪ Exploiting under utilized resources
Cluster Computing
▪ A cluster is a type of parallel or distributed computer system, which consists of a collection of inter-
connected stand-alone computers working together as a single integrated computing resource
▪ Key components of a cluster include multiple standalone computers (PCs, Workstations, or SMPs),
operating systems, high-performance interconnects, middleware, parallel programming
environments, and applications.
▪ Clusters are usually deployed to improve speed and/or reliability over that provided by a single
computer
▪ Basic building blocks of clusters are broken down into multiple categories:
• Cluster Nodes
• Cluster Network
• Network Characterization
Utility Computing
▪ Utility Computing is purely a concept which cloud computing practically implements
▪ Utility computing is a service provisioning model in which a service provider makes computing
resources and infrastructure management available to the customer as needed, and charges them for
specific usage rather than a flat rate.
▪ Some highlights:
a) Pay-for-use Pricing Business Model
b) Data Center Virtualization and Provisioning
c) Solves Resource Utilization Problem
d) Outsourcing
e) Web Services Delivery
f) Automation
▪ Drawbacks: Data Backup , Data Security, Partner Competency, Defining SLA
Cloud Computing
NITS (National Institute of Standards and Technology ) defines Cloud Computing as;
“ Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient,
on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable
computing resources (e.g networks, servers, storage, applications,
and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with
minimal management effort or service provider interaction. ”
Characteristics
❑ On-demand self-service:
A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network
storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service
provider
❑ Broad network access:
Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that
promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, tablets,
laptops, and workstations).
❑ Resource pooling
The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-
tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned
according to consumer demand
Continue..
❑ Rapid elasticity:
- Capabilities can be rapidly and elastically provisioned - in some cases automatically - to quickly
scale out; and rapidly released to quickly scale in.
- To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and
can be purchased in any quantity at any time
❑ Measured service:
- Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource usage by leveraging a metering
capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service
- Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported - providing transparency for both
the provider and consumer of the service
Some other common characteristics
▪ Massive scale
▪ Resilient computing
▪ Homogeneity
▪ Geographic distribution
▪ Virtualization
▪ Service orientation
▪ Low cost software
▪ Advanced security
Cloud Deployment Models
❑ Public Cloud
❑ Private Cloud
❑ Community Cloud
❑ Hybrid Cloud
Public Cloud
The cloud infrastructure is made available to the general
public or a large industry group and is owned by an
organization selling cloud services.
E.g. Microsoft Azure, AWS, Google clouds etc.
Private Cloud
The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for a single
organization. It may be managed by the organization or a
third party, and may exist on-premises or off-premises.
It has high level of security and privacy.
E.g. HP data centers
Community Cloud
The cloud infrastructure is made available to multiple
organizations where they share resources and services
based on common operational and regulatory
requirements.
E.g. IBM SoftLayer cloud
Hybrid Cloud
The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more
clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique
entities but are bound together by standardized or
proprietary technology that enables data and application
portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load-balancing between
clouds)
Cloud Service Models
1. Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS)
2. Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3. Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
▪ The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider’s applications running on a
cloud infrastructure.
▪ The applications are accessible from various client devices through a thin client interface such
as a web browser (e.g., web-based email).
▪ The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including
network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual application capabilities, with
the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
▪ The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer
created or acquired applications created using programming languages and tools supported by
the provider
▪ The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including
network, servers, operating systems, or storage, but has control over the deployed applications
and possibly application hosting environment configurations
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
▪ The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and
other fundamental computing resources.
▪ Consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems
and applications
▪ The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control
over operating systems, storage, deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select
networking components (e.g., host firewalls)
Advantages
▪ Lower Computer cost
▪ Improved software updates
▪ Improved document format capabilities
▪ Unlimited storage capacity
▪ Increased data reliability
▪ Universal information access
▪ Latest version availability
▪ Easier group collaboration
▪ Device independance
Drawback
▪ Requires constant internet connection
▪ Does not work well with low speed
▪ Features might be limited
▪ Can be slow
▪ Security
▪ Stored data can be lost
Thank You!