A.

Opinion essay

1. Some people think that technological devices such as smartphones or tablets bring

many disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

In today's digital age, modern technology tools such as smartphones and tablets have

become an essential part of daily life. However, some people believe that these devices

have numerous drawbacks.

Agree 1 phầ n (60-40) hạ i > lợ i

Benefits

- Smartphones help people keep in touch with friends and family anywhere in the

world through calls, texts, or video chats. It helps them maintain strong

emotional connections despite the distance.

- These devices also make life easier because people can self-study, go shopping

online, or find directions quickly. For example, users can access a wide range of

educational resources, order their favorite products on an online shopping

platform.

- People can entertain themselves by watching movies, listening to music, or

playing games, which can help reduce stress after a long day of work or study.

- Many also use these tools to learn new skills, such as languages, coding,

photography, or even cooking, by following online classes.

Drawbacks

- People spend too much time on their phones and don’t focus on work or study.

As a result, their study results can become worse, and they may lose motivation

over time.

- Using smartphones for too long can affect physical health. It can hurt your eyes,

cause poor posture, headaches, and even lead to sleep problems because of blue

light from screens.

- People who depend too much on technology may become less active and spend

less time outdoors. This can lead to an unhealthy lifestyle, especially for children

and teenagers.

- Smartphones and tablets can damage real-life relationships. People may talk less

with their family and friends, choose to chat instead of having face-to-face

conversations, and sometimes even ignore the people around them, which can

create distance and misunderstandings in relationships.

 2. In the future, paper books will not be necessary because people can read

everything online without paying. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Agree 1 phầ n (lợ i > hạ i)

In the future, paper books may become unnecessary as people will be able to access all

reading material online for free.

Drawbacks

- Reading on screens can cause eye strain and discomfort, especially when people

read for a long time. This can lead to health problems, such as headaches and

tired eyes because of blue light from screens.

- Online reading depends on electricity or battery power, which can be a

disadvantage when there is no access to power, such as during travel or when

there is no electricity.

In contrast, paper books don’t require any power source and can be used without

batteries or charging. Many readers also find printed books more comfortable,

easier to focus and enjoy reading for longer periods.

Benefits

- With the help of smartphones, tablets, or computers, people can read books

anytime and anywhere, whether they are at home or commuting.

This convenience not only saves time but also encourages more people to develop

a regular reading habit.

- Many websites provide free access to books which means readers do not need to

spend money on buying paper books. This accessibility makes online reading a

popular choice, especially for those who cannot afford to purchase books

regularly.

- The transition from paper books to e-books helps save trees. This contributes to

reducing deforestation and preserving the environment.

- E-books do not take up as much physical space as paper books. Readers can store

thousands of titles on a single device, making it easier to manage large personal

libraries and carry them wherever they go.

 3. Sports play a significant role in promoting physical and mental well-being. To

what extent do you agree or disagree?

100% agree

Sports have a crucial impact on enhancing both physical and mental health.

● Physical Health Benefits

- Engaging in regular physical activity helps individuals stay fit, build strength, and

maintain a healthy body.

Sports like running, swimming, or cycling help improve heart health, strengthen

muscles, and increase flexibility.

Regular participation in physical activities also improves lung capacity and boosts

energy levels.

- Participating in sports helps reduce the risk of various illnesses, such as heart

disease, and obesity. These activities encourage people to maintain an active

lifestyle, which is crucial for preventing chronic health problems and promoting

long-term well-being.

● Mental Health Benefits

- Playing sports can make people feel happy, and boost mood. Engaging in physical

activity provides a break from daily stress, allowing individuals to relax and

unwind.

It also stimulates the release of endorphins—chemicals in the brain that help

reduce pain and increase feelings of pleasure.

- Playing sports with others helps reduce stress and anxiety, as it fosters social

interaction and emotional support. Sports can also help reduce feelings of

loneliness, as they offer opportunities for people to connect and bond with

others.

● Teamwork and Social Skills

- Another important benefit of sports is the development of teamwork and social

skills. Many sports require players to work together toward a common goal,

teaching valuable lessons in cooperation, communication, and mutual support.

- These experiences help individuals build stronger relationships and improve their

ability to work effectively with others in various aspects of life.

 4. Some people claim that studying abroad has great benefits for students. To what

extent do you agree or disagree?

One school of thought holds that studying abroad offers significant advantages for

students.

Agree 1 phầ n (lợ i > hạ i)

Drawbacks

- The financial burden can be quite high, as tuition fees, travel expenses, and living

costs often exceed what students would spend at home. For some, this can create

significant financial stress.

- Additionally, being far from family and friends can be emotionally difficult, as

students may feel lonely or isolated, especially in the initial stages.

- Adjusting to a new way of life and navigating a different cultural environment

can also take time and may be overwhelming.

- Finally, studying in a new educational system might feel stressful, as students

must adapt to different teaching methods, expectations, and assessment styles.

Benefits

- One of the main benefits of studying abroad is the opportunity for students to

practice and improve their skills by immersing themselves in a new culture.

- Living in a different country helps students enhance their language skills and gain

real-world experience, which is valuable in the global job market.

- Moreover, studying abroad allows students to try new food, meet new people,

and learn about different traditions, which broadens their perspectives and

enriches their lives.

- Furthermore, living alone in a foreign country helps students become more

independent and responsible, as they must manage their finances, time, and

daily activities without the immediate support of family.

5. Many people believe that playing computer games is harmful for children. While there

are valid concerns, I partially agree with this viewpoint.

Many people believe that playing computer games is harmful for children.

Drawbacks

- Sitting for long periods while playing computer games can lead to physical health

issues, such as back pain, eye strain, and even poor posture. In the long run, this

habit can cause serious health problems like obesity or headaches due to a lack of

physical movement and too much screen time.

- Additionally, when children spend too much time gaming, they may not engage

in outdoor activities or sports, which can affect their growth and lead to an

unhealthy lifestyle, especially for children and teenagers.

- Furthermore, excessive gaming can reduce the time children spend on homework

or reading, potentially affecting their academic performance.

- Many popular games include violence, aggressive behavior, or inappropriate

language. This could negatively influence their real-life behavior and the way they

interact with others, especially if they play these games often.

Benefits

- Some games teach valuable skills such as problem-solving, strategic thinking, and

teamwork, which are important not only in school but also in future careers. For

example, strategy games require players to make careful decisions, plan ahead,

and adapt to changing situations—skills that are useful in real-life challenges.

- Playing games can also serve as a way to relax and relieve stress after a long day

of school or studying. Just like reading a book or listening to music, playing

games can be a healthy way for children to unwind and recharge mentally.

- Moreover, multiplayer games allow children to connect with others around the

world, helping them learn how to communicate, cooperate, and work as part of

a team. These interactions can improve their social skills and even build

friendships, despite the distance.

B. Discussion

1. Some people think watching TV is bad for children, while others think that it is

good for children to get knowledge. Discuss both views and give your own

opinion.

Some people believe that watching television has a negative impact on children, while

others argue that it helps children gain useful knowledge.

On one hand, watching too much TV can be harmful to children.

- Sitting in front of a screen for long periods can damage their eyesight, cause

headaches, and make them physically inactive or lazy. If children do not get

enough exercise, they may face health problems like obesity.

- Also, some programs show violence or bad behavior, which may influence

children in a negative way. Young viewers may copy what they see on TV,

thinking it is acceptable.

- In addition, watching TV takes away time that children could spend playing

outside, reading books, or interacting with family members. This may affect their

social skills and creativity.

- Watching TV before bedtime can also affect sleep quality, making it harder for

children to rest properly and focus at school the next day.

On the other hand, there are also benefits to watching TV.

- Many educational programs teach children about science, history, nature, or

different cultures. These shows can increase their knowledge in a fun and

interesting way.

- Watching TV in a foreign language can also help children improve their listening

and speaking skills.

- Moreover, TV can be a good way for children to relax and feel happy after a long

day at school, especially when they watch safe shows for kids with help from

their parents.
 2. Computers are becoming increasingly popular in modern life. Some view this as

positive while others feel it is a negative change. Discuss both views and give your

own opinion.

In today’s world, computers are used in almost every part of life. Some people think this

is a positive development, others believe that the growing use of computers causes

problems for people and society.

On one hand, many people see computers as a helpful tool.

- First, they make communication much faster and easier. For example, people

can use email, messaging apps, or video calls to talk with others around the

world in real time.

- Second, computers help people work more efficiently by allowing them to type

documents, send files quickly, and use various software programs for different

tasks.

- In addition, computers provide many forms of entertainment. People can play

video games, listen to music, watch movies, or browse social media. For students,

computers are especially useful for studying, doing homework, researching

information, and attending online classes, especially when schools are closed or

lessons are taught remotely.

On the other hand, some people believe that computers bring negative effects.

- One major problem is that people may spend too much time on computers and

not enough time with family or friends, which can hurt real-life relationships.

- Also, sitting in front of a screen for long hours can cause health problems like

back pain, eye strain, or a lack of physical activity, which can lead to long-term

issues.

- Another concern is that as computers and machines become more advanced,

they are starting to replace human workers. This can lead to unemployment,

especially in jobs that involve simple or repetitive tasks.

 3. Some people think that it is better to live in big cities, while others believe that

living in the countryside is much better. Discuss both views and give your own

While some individuals argue that urban life is more beneficial, others think that rural

living offers a better quality of life.

Living in a big city offers many benefits.

- First, cities provide more job opportunities. With a large number of companies,

offices, and businesses, it is often easier for people to find employment and grow

in their careers.

- Second, education is usually better in urban areas. Schools, universities, and

libraries often have more modern facilities, a wider range of learning materials,

and better-qualified teachers.

- In addition, cities offer a wide range of entertainment options, such as cinemas,

shopping malls, museums, restaurants, and sports centers. People have more

choices to relax and enjoy their free time.

- Finally, cities often have efficient public transport systems like buses, trains, and

subways, which make it easier and faster for people to travel around the city.

On the other hand, the countryside also has many advantages.

- One of the biggest benefits is the clean and fresh air, due to less traffic and

pollution compared to cities. This can lead to better health and a higher quality

of life.

- Life in the countryside is also calmer and less stressful. People can enjoy nature,

quiet surroundings, and beautiful landscapes every day.

- In rural areas, neighbors often know one another well and tend to be more

friendly and supportive, which helps create a strong sense of community.

- Moreover, fresh food like fruits, vegetables, and dairy products is often available

locally, which supports a healthier lifestyle.

 4. While some parents think homework should be removed, others believe that it is

good for children's educational development. Discuss both views and give your

own opinion.

Although some parents argue that homework should be eliminated, others believe it

plays an important role in a child’s educational progress.

On one hand, many parents think that homework puts too much pressure on children.

- After a long and tiring day at school, children may feel exhausted, and having

extra work to do at home can make them stressed or anxious. This pressure may

lead to a lack of motivation or even cause them to dislike studying.

- Homework also takes away time that could be used for playing, relaxing, or

enjoying hobbies, which are important for a child's mental and physical

development. For younger children especially, time with family is valuable, and

too much homework may reduce those opportunities to bond, talk, or rest after

school.

On the other hand, homework also has many benefits.

- It helps children review what they learned in school and practice important

skills, which can improve their memory, understanding, and academic

performance.

- Doing homework regularly teaches students how to study independently, solve

problems on their own, and manage their time effectively. These are useful skills

not only in school but also in everyday life.

- In addition, homework gives parents a chance to see what their child is learning

and support them if they are having difficulties. This can strengthen the

connection between parents and their child’s education.

 5. Some people believe that young people should choose the job that they like.

Others believe that they must consider the jobs with high salaries. Discuss both

views and give your own opinion.

While some argue that young people should pursue careers based on their interests,

while others believe they should focus on jobs with higher pay.

On one hand, many people believe it is best to choose a job based on personal interest.

- When young people do what they love, they are usually happier and more

motivated at work. They enjoy their daily tasks, which can help reduce stress

and improve mental health.

- Also, people who like their jobs often work harder and are more willing to learn

and grow in their careers, which can lead to long-term success.

- Doing a job you enjoy can also give you the chance to be creative, express

yourself, and feel a sense of purpose. This can make life more meaningful and

satisfying overall.

On the other hand, some people believe that salary should be the top priority when

choosing a job.

- A high salary can provide financial security and help people support their

families, buy a house, or save money for the future.

- These jobs also often come with other important benefits such as health

insurance, paid holidays, and opportunities for promotion. For many people,

especially those living in expensive cities or with financial responsibilities, earning

a stable income is more important than doing something they enjoy. In difficult

economic situations, job passion may be seen as a luxury, while financial stability

becomes a necessity.
C. Advantages and disadvantages

1. Online communication is now more common than face-to-face meetings. Do the

advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?

Online communication has become more popular than face-to-face interactions in

today's society.

Advantages

- One major advantage of online communication is that people can talk to anyone,

anywhere, at any time. This makes it much easier to connect with friends,

family, or coworkers from different countries and cultures. It is especially helpful

for those who live far apart or have busy schedules.

- Online communication is also more convenient and affordable, as people do not

need to spend time or money on traveling to meet in person. In many cases, this

allows for quicker decisions and more frequent contact.

- Additionally, the rise of online meetings has made remote work possible for many

employees. People can now work from home, which gives them more personal

time, reduces stress from commuting, and offers greater flexibility in their daily

lives.

Disadvantages

However, online communication also has some disadvantages.

- It can be difficult to build strong relationships or trust when people only

communicate through screens. In face-to-face meetings, people understand each

other better through body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice—

important cues that are often missing online. This can lead to misunderstandings

or confusion.

- Also, technical problems like a poor internet connection or software glitches can

interrupt conversations, causing delays or frustration.

 - Finally, the home environment can be full of distractions, such as noise, other

people, or mobile devices, which makes it harder to focus fully during online

communication.

2. Nowadays, more and more people eat fast food as their main meals. Do the

advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?

These days, an increasing number of people rely on fast food for their main meals.

On the one hand, fast food offers several benefits.

- Firstly, it is very convenient and quick, which is especially helpful for busy people

who do not have time to cook at home. People can buy a meal in just a few

minutes, making it ideal for those with tight schedules.

- Secondly, many fast food meals are cheaper than home-cooked meals, making

them an affordable option for students, workers, or low-income families.

- In addition, fast food restaurants provide a wide variety of choices, including

burgers, pizzas, fried chicken, and even some vegetarian options. This variety

allows customers to pick meals based on their personal taste.

- Many people also enjoy the flavor of fast food, which makes eating out a fun and

enjoyable experience.

However, the disadvantages of fast food are more serious.

- Most fast food is high in fat, sugar, and salt, which can cause major health issues

such as obesity, heart disease, and diabetes if consumed regularly. Moreover, fast

food usually lacks essential nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, and fiber that

the body needs to stay healthy.

- Another issue is that eating fast food too often can lead to unhealthy eating

habits, where people avoid cooking or eating balanced meals at home.

- Finally, fast food packaging creates a large amount of waste, including plastic

and paper, which can harm the environment if not recycled properly.
 3. More people are studying by themselves with online educational sources. Do the

advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

An increasing number of individuals are choosing self-study through online learning

platforms.

There are some challenges associated with this method.

- One major disadvantage of online learning is the lack of immediate support from

teachers, as students often have to wait for replies through emails or forums.

This delay can slow down their progress and make learning less effective.

- Another issue is that studying at home can be distracting due to social media,

television, or family members. Without a quiet and focused environment,

students may find it hard to concentrate and study effectively.

- Technical problems such as poor internet, broken devices, or software issues can

interrupt lessons and make learning frustrating, which may reduce students'

motivation.

- Lastly, some learners may struggle to stay motivated without the structured

environment of a classroom.

One major advantage is the flexibility that online learning provides.

- Learners can study at their own pace and decide when to study, which is

especially helpful for those with busy schedules or jobs. They do not have to follow

a fixed timetable like in traditional classes, which reduces stress and allows them

to learn more comfortably.

- Furthermore, there is a wide variety of websites, videos, and online courses

covering almost every subject imaginable. This diversity makes it easier for

learners to find resources that suit their needs and learning styles.

- In addition, online education is often cheaper than traditional learning, making

it more accessible to people from different backgrounds who may not have access

to formal education.
 - Lastly, online learning allows people to study from home or anywhere with an

internet connection, which helps save time and money. It also encourages them

to develop self-discipline, independence, and time management skills that are

useful in both education and daily life.

4. Machines are taking over more and more jobs previously done by humans. Discuss the

advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages

- One of the main advantages of using machines is that they can work faster and

more efficiently than humans. Unlike people, machines do not get tired and can

operate continuously for 24 hours a day. This helps businesses increase

productivity, save time, and reduce labor costs.

- Furthermore, machines can perform dangerous tasks, such as working in deep

mines, dealing with toxic chemicals, or handling heavy materials. This reduces

the risk of injury or health problems for human workers.

- In addition, machines can complete tasks with great accuracy and consistency,

which helps lower the number of mistakes and improves the quality of products

and services. This is especially important in fields like manufacturing, medicine,

and construction.

However, there are also some disadvantages.

- Firstly, as machines take over jobs once done by humans, many workers may

lose employment. This can lead to higher unemployment rates, particularly for

people with low skills or limited education.

- Secondly, to keep up with modern technology, workers must often learn how to

use new machines, which requires training and may be expensive or difficult,

especially for older adults.

- Lastly, relying too much on machines can be risky. If a machine breaks down or

if there is a technical issue, it can cause serious delays, affect production, and

even stop business operations completely.

5. Some people think that the government should encourage people to use electric cars.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars?

Some people believe the government should promote the use of electric cars.

Advantages

- One of the main advantages of electric cars is that they are better for the

environment. Unlike traditional vehicles that run on gasoline or diesel, electric

cars do not produce harmful gases such as carbon dioxide. This helps reduce air

pollution, improves public health, and contributes to the fight against climate

change.

- Another benefit is that electric cars are much quieter, which can help lower noise

pollution in busy cities and make urban areas more pleasant to live in.

- In addition, electric cars have fewer moving parts than gasoline-powered

vehicles, which means they often require less maintenance and are less likely to

break down. Over time, this can help car owners save money on repairs and

servicing.

However, there are also some disadvantages to using electric cars.

- Firstly, most electric cars cannot travel as far as regular cars on a single charge,

which may be inconvenient for people who drive long distances.

- Secondly, charging an electric car takes much longer than filling a gas tank,

sometimes several hours, depending on the charger.

- Another drawback is the high cost of electric vehicles. Although prices are slowly

decreasing, they are still too expensive for many people.

- Finally, the lack of charging stations in some areas, especially in rural regions,

makes it difficult for people to rely on electric cars for everyday use.
D. Causes and solutions

1. Plant and animal diversity is decreasing around the world. Why does this

happen? What can be done to reduce this problem?

In recent years, the loss of biodiversity has become a serious global issue. Many plant

and animal species are disappearing at a rapid rate.

There are several reasons why plant and animal diversity is decreasing.

- One major cause is habitat loss due to deforestation, urbanization, and farming.

When forests are cut down or land is cleared for cities and agriculture, many

species lose their natural homes and cannot survive in new or artificial

environments.

- Another serious problem is pollution. Air, water, and soil pollution can harm or

even kill animals and plants. For example, toxic chemicals in rivers can destroy

aquatic life, while air pollution can damage forests and affect bird and insect

populations.

- In addition, overhunting and the illegal wildlife trade also contribute to the

extinction of many species. When people hunt animals too much for food,

medicine, or souvenirs, the population of those species becomes too small to

recover. This disrupts ecosystems and reduces biodiversity even further.

- Climate change is also becoming a growing threat, as rising temperatures and

extreme weather can damage ecosystems and force species to migrate or

disappear.

To solve this problem, several actions can be taken.

- First, governments should create national parks and nature reserves where

animals and plants can live safely.

- Second, protecting clean water sources and reducing pollution is essential to

keeping natural habitats healthy.

 - Third, education helps people understand the importance of biodiversity and

take responsibility.

- Finally, strong laws must be enforced to protect endangered species and stop

illegal activities.

2. Global warming is one of the biggest threats to our environment. What causes

global warming? What solutions are there to this problem?

Global warming is a serious issue that affects the entire planet. It causes rising

temperatures, melting ice, and extreme weather conditions. This essay will explain the

main causes of global warming and suggest some effective solutions.

Causes

- One major cause of global warming is the use of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and

gas. These fuels are commonly burned to produce electricity, power factories,

and run vehicles. However, this process releases large amounts of greenhouse

gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere, trapping heat and warming

the planet.

- Another significant cause is deforestation. When trees are cut down for wood or

to make space for farming, there are fewer plants left to absorb carbon dioxide

from the air. As a result, the concentration of greenhouse gases continues to rise.

- In addition, the transportation sector contributes heavily to global warming.

Cars, buses, airplanes, and ships emit a great deal of CO₂ and other pollutants.

- Factories and household waste also play a role, as they release toxic chemicals

into the air and water, further harming the environment.

There are several solutions to reduce global warming.

- First, we should switch to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and

hydroelectric power, which create little or no pollution.

- Second, planting more trees helps absorb CO₂ and provides cleaner air.

- Third, using public transportation, cycling, or walking instead of driving reduces

emissions.

- Finally, reducing, reusing, and recycling waste not only saves resources but also

cuts down pollution, making the environment cleaner and healthier for everyone.
 3. Overpopulation in urban areas around the world is a big problem. What are the

causes of overpopulation? How can this problem be solved?

Overpopulation in cities has become a serious issue in many parts of the world. As more

and more people move to urban areas, cities become overcrowded, and it becomes

harder to provide enough housing, services, and resources. This essay will discuss the

main causes of overpopulation in urban areas and suggest some solutions.

Causes

- One major cause of overpopulation is the high birth rate. In many countries,

especially in developing regions, a large number of babies are born each year due to

limited access to family planning services and cultural preferences for big families.

- This rapid population growth can quickly increase the number of people living in a

certain area.

+ Another important reason is rural-to-urban migration. People often move

from the countryside to cities because they believe they will have better

opportunities to find jobs and earn higher incomes.

+ Cities also offer better healthcare, education, and public services, which attract

even more people. As a result, urban areas become overcrowded, and living

conditions can get worse.

+ Additionally, modern transportation systems make it easier for people to move

and settle in new places, speeding up the process of urban overpopulation.

To deal with this problem, several actions can be taken.

- First, cities should expand and improve infrastructure such as public transport,

waste management, water supply, and healthcare systems to serve the

increasing population.

- Second, governments should focus on developing rural areas, by building more

schools, hospitals, roads, and providing more job opportunities to encourage

people to stay.
 - Finally, promoting family planning and raising awareness about population issues

can help control birth rates and support sustainable population growth in the

long term.

4. Fewer young people play sports these days. Why is this? What can be done to

encourage more young people to do sports?

In recent years, fewer young people are playing sports. This trend is worrying because

physical activity is important for health and well-being. This essay will explain why this

is happening and suggest some ways to encourage more young people to take part in

There are several reasons why many young people are no longer interested in sports. ‘

- First, technology plays a big role. Many young people spend several hours a day

on their phones, computers, or playing video games. As a result, they have less

time and motivation to take part in physical activities like sports or outdoor

games.

- Second, some teenagers may not find sports exciting or enjoyable. Compared to

online entertainment such as social media, movies, or gaming, traditional sports

may seem boring or too tiring.

- Third, a lack of self-confidence can also be a reason. Some young people may feel

shy or fear being judged by others because they are not good at playing sports,

so they avoid joining in or participating in teams. In some cases, a lack of

support from schools or families can also lead to disinterest.

To solve this problem, several steps can be taken.

- One solution is to organize sports activities that are fun, creative, and suitable

for all skill levels. If young people enjoy the experience, they are more likely to

continue playing.

- Another idea is to improve school sports programs by offering a wide range of

sports, from traditional games to modern fitness activities.

- Lastly, social media can be used as a positive influence. Sharing inspiring stories,

short videos, or success journeys of young athletes online can encourage others to

get involved and try something new.

 5. Many students find it difficult to focus or pay attention at school nowadays.

What are the reasons for this? What can be done to solve this problem?

Today, many students struggle to stay focused in school. This is a growing problem that

affects learning and academic performance. This essay will discuss the reasons why

students find it hard to concentrate and suggest some solutions to help them focus

better.

- One main reason students struggle to concentrate is the frequent use of phones,

computers, and social media. These digital distractions easily take their attention

away from studying and make it harder to focus during lessons. Instead of

listening to teachers or doing homework, some students may spend time texting

or scrolling through social media.

- Another important reason is poor nutrition. Some students skip breakfast or eat

junk food, which can reduce their energy levels and affect brain function.

- In addition, lack of sleep is a common issue. Many students stay up late using

their devices or studying, which leads to tiredness and poor concentration in

class the next day.

- Finally, noisy environments can also affect focus. Loud sounds from outside,

other classrooms, or even inside the room can easily distract students, especially

younger ones who are more sensitive to noise.

To improve students’ focus, several steps can be taken.

- First, schools and parents can limit phone and computer use during study time

to reduce distractions.

- Second, encouraging students to sleep early and get enough rest will help them

stay alert and active in class.

- Third, schools can promote healthy eating by offering nutritious meals and

snacks.

- Lastly, creating quiet, comfortable learning spaces with fewer interruptions will

help students focus better and enjoy learning more.