Workplace Emotions
Affect
:Broad Range of Feelings.
:Can be experienced in terms of emotions and moods.
Emotions
Moods
Caused by specific events
. Cause is general and unclear.
Very brief Duration.
Last longer
Action oriented.
Cognitive.
Types of Emotions: The Circumplex Model of Affect
Sources of Emotions
and Moods
Exercise
Weather
Age
Stress
Social
activities Sleep
Mood Congruence on the Job
Mood congruence refers to our tendency of recalling positive things
when we are in a good mood and recalling negative things when we
are in a bad mood.
• Accuracy
• Nature
The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions
Model of the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions: Source - Guilford Press, Fredrickson and Cohn (2008, Figure 48.1) [17].
Affective Events Theory
(AET)
Affective Events Theory (AET)
This theory identifies various factors that lead to people’s emotional reactions on
the job and how these reactions affect those individuals.
Managing Emotions
Felt emotions and Displayed emotions
Display Rule: Cultural norms about the appropriate ways to express emotions.
Emotional Labor
The concept of emotional labor refers to the degree to which
people have to work hard to display what they believe are
appropriate emotions on their jobs.
At workplace employees are required to display
organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal
interactions.
We put psychological efforts to hold back our true emotions.
Emotional dissonance occurs when the employees feel
inconsistencies between the emotions they feel and the
emotions they project.
Emotional Labor: Surface and Deep Acting
To conform with the display rules, individuals might go for surface acting
or deep acting.
Emotional labor is performed through either surface or deep acting.
Surface Acting: Person tries to confirm to display rules by simulating
emotions that are actually not felt.
Deep Acting: To confirm the display rules, person tries to modify true
feelings to actually feel the emotions that he/she is expected to display.
Surface acting, focuses directly on outward behavior whereas deep acting
focuses more on the inner feeling.
Emotion Regulation Techniques
• Emotional Suppression
• Cognitive Reappraisal
• Social Sharing
• Mindfulness
Emotional Intelligence
Emotional intelligence
refers to
the abilities to
recognize and regulate
emotions
in ourselves
and
in others for
better performance.
EI Dimensions: Basic Framework
Dimensions of EI: Modified Framework
Intrapersonal Intelligence
– Self-Awareness,
– Self-Management ( Self-regulation and self-motivation),
Interpersonal Intelligence
- Social Awareness,
- Relationship Management (Social Skills)
Emotional Competence
Emotional Competence is a learned capacity based on emotional
intelligence and it contributes to effective performance at work.
(Goleman, 1998)
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