PLACE VALUE WARMUP & A. Write the correct numbers on the kites shown below. 1. Four thousand six hundred eighty-nine @ 2. 3 thousands + 4 hundreds + 2 tens + 6 ones g 3. 9000 + 900 + 90 +9 @D . 89 rounded off to the nearest ten H . 1000 more than 7562 (> 9O900°0O B. Fill in the blanks with help from the clouds. ii, > > Mm & 1. The place value of 8 in 1876 is s a . The smallest 4-digit number formed using the cnacacsan nite: digits 7, 0, 1 and 5 is the four places are ‘thousands, hundreds, 3, ________ is the predecessor of 1001. tens and ones, |. The value of a digit increases —___— times with each step moving to the left. 3 & The biggest number among 8811, 1188 and 1881 is +5-DIGIT NUMBERS g: Do you know the name of the player who was the first to make 10,000 runs in Test cricket? + Sunil Gavaskar, Is 10,000 a 5-digit number? ge You are right. 10,000 is the smallest 5-digit number. : 9,999 —= largest 4-digit number + 1 10,000 ——~ smallest 5-digit number ‘AL MATHS 7 ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY MENTAI Re onih-vingied a: Circle the 5-digit numbers. _ oe eae 1546 45454 5210394547001 10000 9999 Reading and writing 5-digit numbers We need to write a 5-digit number in the place value chart before reading it. The place value chart for numbers with 5 digits and more is divided into periods, Periods help in reading and writing large numbers. PERIODS — PLACES — The ONES period has three places, that is, Hundreds, Tens and Ones. The THOUSANDS period has two places, that is, Ten thousands and Thousands. EXAMPLE 1 Write 21934 in the place value chart and read it aloud. THOUSANDS “digits in the e pened - Th . ¢ number 21934 is read as twenty-one thousand nine hundred thirty-four. { \ousands|Marking periods in 5-digit numbers Start at the ones place. Group the digits in threes and twos using a comma. FNAMPLE 2 Mark periods in 98153 and rewrite it. Read it aloud, THOUSANDS, ONES h Ones (O) Jada With commas: 98,153 “T. ark pao (you can use a comma or leave a short space. ninety-eight ty-eigh one hundred For example, 98 153, thousand fifty-three In words: ninety-eight thousand one hundred fifty-three EXAMPLE 3 Mark periods in 76125 and rewrite it. Also, write the place value of each digit. Hundreds @ 76,125 or seventy-six thousand one hundred twenty-five Th HT O ep 12s i_—» 5 ones or S ns 0 1 hundred or 100 > 6thousands or 6000 ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY 2 MENTAL MATHS Circle the numbers in which the periods are marked correctly. 1,2345 41,380 456,39 99,999 100,00 67,890 &.EXAMPLE 4 Write the expanded form of 43,291, Tht WoT mo) / The expanded 43.295 (of a number ig \ Sum of the place ) +, ene 68 1 Value of its digits, 3 > 9 tens or 90 f > 2 hundreds or 200 > 3 thousands or 3000 ~—> 4 ten thousands or 40000 43,291 = 4 ten thousands + 3 thousands + 2 hundreds + 9 tens + 1 one © ANS. 43,291 = 40,000 + 3,000 + 200 + 90 + 1 5-digit numbers on the abacus EXAMPLE 5 Represent 63,081 on the abacus. Tth Th H T O g 63,081 is read as sixty-three thousand eighty-one. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY A. Look at the abacus and write the number. i “i ae 17th Th HT O 2TThTh H T O 3. ThTh H T OD é UtPr Heh B, Represent these numbers on the abacus. 1. 47,026 2. 20,002 3. 80,005 4, 31,981 C. Mark the periods using commas and write in words. F. 1, 36382 2. 71995 3. 10467 4. 66163 D. Write the expanded form of 42,981. E. Write the standard form of 50,000 + 3,000 + 400 + 50 + 3. (CHECKPOINT!HOTS question Put the beads given in bracket in A, B and C such that the number formed in A is the greatest and 2 oF in C is the least. B (, @) Cee,e,@) Tht yt o eri 28 mami LAL UE LULL '6-DIGIT NUMBERS ® : I know that 99,999 is the largest S-digit number. What is 99,999 + 1? 8 > 99,999 —> largest 5-digit number ‘ + 1 1,0 0,000 > smallest 6-digit number te aR ea a as AMS Say Circle the 6-digit numbers. 154612 34821 999999, 47001 480127 7003 690127 Writing 6-digit numbers in the place value chart A period called LAKHS is used for writing a 6-digit number. PERIOpS—> | LAKHS THOUSANDS: \Ten thousands| Thousands | Hundreds PLACES —> (rth) th)’ ® EXAMPLE 6 Write 100000 in the place value chart and read it aloud. LAKHS THOUSANDS Thousands | Hundreds (1Th) (Th) (H) 0 0 0 The number 100000 is read as one lakh,Marking periods in 6-digit numbers Start at the ones place. Group the digits in ones, thousands and lakhs Using commas. EXAMPLE 7 Mark periods in 348156 and rewrite it. Read it aloud, LAKHS THOUSANDS With commas: 3, 48, 156 Ahi a one hundred three . forty-eight si lakh thedand fifty-six In words: three lakh forty-eight thousand one hundred fifty-six | | EXAMPLE 8 Mark periods in 834621 and rewrite it. Also, write the place value | | of each digit. | | | Ls 1 one or aT | ‘> 21cm TZ | | bn > 6 hundreds or 600 > 4 thousands or 4,000 > | (3 ten ehousandi\for” 30,000oe seen 2 Mark the periods in these numbers and read them aloud. 1.345671 2.143812 3.937812 _ 4.483200 | 5.379812 J EXAMPLE 9 Write the expanded form of 3,98,672. LthTh H TO BE.9....8...6 1.7.82 | | —> 2 ones or 2 > 7 tens or 70 ~~ 6 hundreds or 600 L —~-~-~<-) § thousands or 8000 —m————> 9 fen thousands or 90000 eee —> 3 lakhs or 300000 3,98, 672 = 3 lakhs + 9 ten thousands + 8 thousands + 6 hundreds + 7 tens + 2 ones © ANS. 3,98,672 = 3,00,000 + 90,000 + 8,000 + 600 + 70 + 2 6-digit numbers on the abacus EXAMPLE 10 Represent 9,00,482 on the abacus. L TTh Th H T O The number 9,00,482 is read as nine lakh four hundred eighty-two. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY A. Represent these numbers on the abacus. _ BILE E 3.471105 4. 112981855 @f 6 ¢ 1. 374026 B. Mark the periods using commas and write in words. 3 4 1.345678 2.840000 3.919199 4.656782 2 CHECKPOINT! C. Write these numbers in figures. 1. three lakh forty-eight thousand six hundred two five lakh one hundred nine 2s She sam.i | Cou pes el ein A. Look at the abacus and write the number. \ TTh Th HOT OO 2 TTh Th H T O 3. L TTh Th H ti dual Lt B. Mark the periods using commas and write the number in words, EXERCISE 1.1 b 43,7005) "nae 8 2, 95212 3. 300715 4. 81576 5. 10010 C. Write in figures. 1. forty-seven thousand, nine hundred twenty-four 2. eight lakh, fifty-two thousand, one hundred seventy-four 3. three lakh, forty-five thousand, five hundred fifteen 4. five lakh, two hundred thirty-nine 5. seventy thousand seven D. Write in words. 1. 37,405 . 3,47,118 2 3. 4,19,649) 411 8 Cae, ie CONES OE 4 - 830,300 5. 80,032 po eee E. Give the standard numeral for the following. - 8,000 + 600 + 70 +5 eat 2. 9,00,000 + 70,000 + 6,000 + 500 + 10+ 4 40 >40000 ANS. The sum of the place values of 4 in 245144 is 40044,1 Ve EXAMPLE 14. Find the difference of the place values of 7 in 647752, re i >700 %. —— >» 7000 70 7 © ANS. The difference of the place values of 7 in 647752 is 6300, EXAMPLE 15 A number has 4 lakhs, 5 tens, 9 ten thousands, 6 hundreds and 2 ones. STEP1 Write the places starting with the greatest. STEP 2 Write the digits below their places. nti © ANS. The number is 490652. Fags EXAMPLE 16 Write the number 1 hundred more than 32675. Hd 1 0 the dg ing ‘the hundreds place. @ ANS. 32675 32775 EXAMPLE 17 Write the number | thousand more than 40596, 10 the dt i “hdd 1 . © ans. 40596 He mene pie 41596 MENT, ‘AL MATH: S ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY A. Circle the numbers in which the digit 9 has the place value of 900. 1. 2795 » 2, 9542 3. 11937 4, 91317 5, 39171 6. 64819 7, 123941 8. 329145 B. Study the number 7,83,425 and write the digit that is in the 1. hundreds place, 2. lakhs" place!" 3, tens place, 4. ones place. 5, thousands place, _______ _, ten thousands place. C. Write the number 2. 100 more than 4086. 100 more than 3752. 4 3. 1000 more than 8652. ——__._ 4, 1000 more than 21437, —__ —_—<—<————— — 9EXERCISE 1.2. __ oath Wy a a A. Fill in the table with the place and place value of the coloured digit. NUMBER PLACE __PLACE VALUE) iS _ 17362 2 2130 a 600951 4 32415 s 950242 | B. Write the digit that has the greatest place value in the number. 1. 26473 _) 2. 5432 _) 3. 912345 _) 4. 78123 _) C. Write the digit that has the least place value in the number. 1. 42647 _) 2. 615430 _) 3. 12345 _) 4, 8123 _) D. Build the number that has 1. 3 ten thousands, 1 thousand, 7 hundreds, 9 tens and 8 ones. 2. 2 lakhs, 5 thousands, 6 hundreds, 5 tens and 9 ones. E. Find the sum of the place values of 6 in each of the following. 1. 6006 2. 192660 3. 60363 4. 69696 F. Find the difference of the place values of 8 in each of the following. 1. 8181 2. 348008 3. 98892 4. 7880 | G. Observe the pattern to fill in the blanks. 1. 20116 20136 20156 2. 90028 92028 94028 3. 374308 474308 574308 H. Answer the following by studying the place value of the digits, 1. How many thousands are there in 15678? —____ 2. How many tens are there in 31284? pen BL Qe 8 3. How many lakhs are there in 483569?COMPARING NUMBERS When the number of digits is different i ae Seal end oo : o sits i the signs, > The number with more digits is always greater. € : 5 ans and smaller number, anaes ENAMPLE 18 Compare 3948 and 81039. i H ° 9 4 g —> 4digit number 0 9 — 5-digit number © Ans. 3948 < 81039 ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY. digits and the number When the number of digits is the same 2 : Compare the digits starting from the left. The number with the greater digit on the left is greater. EXAMPLE 19 Compare 30126 and 19261. 3012 6 192 61 Lo: is greater than 1 eas © ans. 30126 > 19261 : What do we do when the digits in the extreme left place of both the numbers are the same? ¢ : Compare the second digit from the left and so on. EXAMPLE 20 Compare 24810 and 27930. 248 10 @ 7.9.3 0 [ence 4 is less than’ 7 © ans. 24810 < 27930NAMPLE 21 Compare 681751 and 681981, 68 1 1 681981 T5N5 (pote 7 is less than 9 ® Avs. 681751 < 681981 scending order means writing numbers from the smallest to the greatest. jescending order means writing numbers from the greatest to the smallest. XAMPLE 22 Write the following numbers in ascending order. 365780 5388 20367 20362 ‘© ANS. ASCENDING ORDER 5388 20362 20367 365780 AMPLE 23. Write the following numbers in descending order. 2468 63421 110324 110342 ‘© ANS. DESCENDING ORDER 110342 110324 63421 2468 * Opec xcept acruy x ¢ names of some union territories of India are given below. ‘HANDIGARH LAKSHADWEEP. DAMAN AND DIU AND DADRA AND NAGAR HAVEL ‘ind out their population. Write the population both in figures and in words. “ircle the one which has the highest population amongst them. ‘ou can visit rsgr.in/nm-4. Click on LINK 1 under Number Magic 4 know the population. ea an ERCISE 1.3 ‘A. Compare each pair of numbers, Put > or ) 10001 & 7, 42478 |) 425008, 7419) 919 9, 63510) 63511B. Rewrite the numbers in ascending order. 1. 6767 97676 5454 4545 2 13421 3142. 3214-33244 er 3 75510 5501 5515 5500 — an 4. 216179 6197 6109 = 61901 -——aJ__~_] s. 861791 7393 9198 6000 ———__ C. Rewrite the numbers in descending order. 1. 424741744 3437) 47315 = ———______________ | 2 12059 2509 2905. 2109, — AA 3. 8009 81025 8000 801882 © — | 4. 16172 7162 6712) 76122. — 5 9999 999 99999 999999 FORMING NUMBERS Greatest number To build the greatest number, write the digits in decreasing order. EXAMPLE 24 Form the greatest number using the digits 4, 5,0, 3 and 1 Write the digits in decreasing order. 5 4 3 1 0 © Ans. The greatest number that can be formed using the digits is 54310. Smallest number To build the smallest number, write the digits in increasing order. EXAMPLE 25 Form the smallest number using the digits 3,1,0,4 and 5 Write the digits in increasing order. (1 0 @ «@ % . © Ans. The smallest number that can be formed using the digits is 10345. is. , e GET IT RIGHT! 10345 f ofits x 8exwwrLt 26 Form the smallest number using the digits 2, 1, 4, 8 and 3. Write the digits in increasing order. 1 2 3 4 8 © 99S. The smallest number that can be formed using the digits is 12,348. With repetition of digits EXAMPLE 27 Form the smallest 5-digit number using the digits Repeat the 2, 1, 4 and 3 by repeating the digits. smallest digit. ‘© Avs. The smallest 5-digit number that can be formed using the digits is 11,234, & EXAMPLE 28 Form the greatest 6-digit number using the digits Repeat the 7, | and 3 by repeating the digits. greatest digit. © ANs. The greatest 6-digit number that ean be formed “ using the digits is 7,77,731. Rey EXERCISE 1.4 WwW A. Write the greatest and the smallest number using all the digits. coer 1 es oe eae ot Se DIGITS GREATEST NUMBER | SMALLEST NUMBER | va L 4,2,7,6,3 21 -2,1,3,28 3.) 5,0,3,1,7,4 4 8,6,2,5,9 5 5,3,9,8,0,1 B. Write the greatest and the smallest 5-digit numbers using the given digits. You may repeat the digits. f DIGITS GREATEST NUMBER ‘SMALLEST NUMBER 3.Jy 1p. 2, 5,0 1,9,6 48,0 3,9 ye epROUNDING OFF NUMBERS Numbers are rounded off when we need only an estimate. Exact figures ate needed. eS Rounding to the nearest 10 EXAMPLE 29 Round off 63 to the nearest 10. 4 Look at the, 63 is between 60 and 70 but closer to 60. {two tens between \ \_ which the given So, 63 rounds down to 60. number lies, aS rounded down to 60 {pt tt & 60 61 2 68 64 65 6 67 68 69 70 © ANS. 63 rounded off to the nearest 10 is 60. EXAMPLE 30 Round off 446 to the nearest 10. 446 is between 440 and 450 but closer to 450. So, 446 rounds up to 450. “rounded >, “upto 450 po eee ere + t + +t t t T 440 441 442 443 444 445° «4460-447 448449450 © Ans. 446 rounded off to the nearest 10 is 450. EXAMPLE 31 Round off 985 to the nearest 10. 985 is between 980 and 990. So, 985 rounds up to 990. 1 1 1 ++ Yt Ht HF a 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 © Ans. 985 rounded off to the nearest 10 is 990.ee ee Rounding to the nearest 100 EXAMPLE 32 Round off 667 to the nearest 100. Look at the two ‘i hundreds between 667 is between 600 and 700 but closer to 700. Which the given So, 667 rounds up to 700, rumber lies, Tounded up 667" to. 700 + + t+ + t + 600 610 620 630 640650 660 670 680 690700 © ANS. 667 rounded off to the nearest 100 is 700. EXAMPLE 33 Round off 950 to the nearest 100. 950 is between 900 and 1000, So, 950 rounds up to 1000. rounded up to 1000 t + + +#—t + + + 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 © Ns. 950 rounded off to the nearest 100 is 1000. i nearest 1 Rounding to the nearest 1000 Look at the two EXAMPLE 34 Round off 1429 to the nearest 1000. anche 1429 is between 1000 and 2000 but closer to 1000. number lies. So, 1429 rounds down to 1000. Founded dowii to 1000 . 109 . : . 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 ® Ans. 1429 rounded off to the nearest 1000 is 1000. HOTS question Which is the smallest 5-digit number that ends in 9 and reads the same way forward as it does backward? For example, 3443 reads the same way forward as it does backward.ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY LEARNING BY DOING "> \ %, 10000, 20000 ¥ 1. How many parts has the number line been divided into? = 2. The starting number is em, 3. The number marked by the coloured arrow is ey 4. Mark 12000, 14000 and 17000 on the number line. EXERCISE 1.5 yy A. Round off the following numbers to the nearest 10. x 1.47 2. 98 3. 61 4.385 (il 5. 4185 6. 6292 7. 7389 29143” B. Round off the following numbers to the nearest 100. 1. 231 2. 468 3. 1845 4. 3056 5. 9550 6. 2090 7. 7380 8. 6777 C. Round off the following numbers to the nearest 1000. 1, 3251 2. 1086 3. 4851 4, 20518 5, 19731 6. 23126 7. 9999 8. 89162 POINTS TO REMEMBER & >» The place value chart for 5-digit numbers is divided into two periods, that is, thousands and ones. v The place value chart for 6-digit numbers is divided into three periods, that is, lakhs, thousands and ones. The place value of a digit depends on its place in a number. The number having more digits is greater than the number with less digi While forming a number, do not write 0 on the extreme left. v vwe IN THE LAB UNDERSTANDING NUMBERS BEYOND THOUSAND. ie ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY YoU WILL NEED arrow number cards STEPS 1, Students work in groups of 3 to 4, 2, Each group has a set of arrow number cards, 3, Write a number on the blackboard, for example, 3,72,136. 4, Ask a student to read the number. Three lakh seventy-two thousand one hundred thirty-six. . Each group has to arrange the arrow cards to get the number called out by the first student. > 3jolojolojop> [a tfolop> [sfop> [sp> . The students hold the arrow cards in such a way as to form the number. 3[7]2]1[3[6> . One student asks the place value of a digit. For example, What is the place value of 7? Another student will remove the card with 7, that is 7] 0[ 0] 0 | 0 > and say 70000. 2 = She/He will ask the next student the place value of another digit, and the chain continues. lefine place value. ould colourvy ADDITION and SUBTRACTION = WARM UP A. Which two numbers from the left add to give the number on the right? Choose and write. f + 816 824 557 = " The answer that we get on adding two numbers is called the sum. _ C + = ‘The answer tht we get on sib wo numbers iS the aifferett B. Fill in the boxes to reach the final answer. 8969 -8 113 9 ere — SE -1 67 -f8 . -2 91 ay —» eresADDITION We add to find the total value of two or more numbers. 23.17 ™~ The numbers which ere +56 7X» tiled are called addends, 7 9 8—— The answer thet we get ‘on adding two numbers Is called the sum Addition facts 9 : Numbers can be added in any order. Their sum will remain the same. HTO HTO ThHTO ThHTO 123 345 678 2942 +345 +133 +2942 + 678 468 Same, 468 3620 2 a 3 \ th +4431 6 » “inal monbere 69489 — © ANS. 69489 Addition with regrouping EXAMPLE 4 Add 62384 and 23579, EXAMPLE 5 Add 23654 and 16387. TThTh H TOO mi n GA 1 1 i: | eae 62,3 8 4) ees 6 PShaag 423579 +163 87 85963 40041 © ANS. 85963 © Ans. 40041 ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY A. Add. 1.34902 BP 24H 25 32170274" 23-482 - +41085 +54351 +15096 +48599 z g ill i i digits. 3. B. Fill in the missing digits. & aiea 951 Q.2 5 Wia-a 074 e542) 0 St E58 7 303 I1O x ery +2 58) +3053 23 5 9706 V7 9®@ HOTS question Iam the greatest 5-digit number in which each digit is greater than the one before it. Which number am I?Checking addition How do you For checking a sum check a sum? add up the numbers. - 2 ENAMPLE 6 Add 2456 and 5962 and check the answer by adding up. 8418 eae 245 6f Add up +5962) Add down +5962 8418 © ANS. 8418. Since the sum is the same in both the Cases, it is corer, ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY = Add. Check the answer. e 5 a St 1356 1356 Pee? 725.0) "2730 2 +6845 +6845 +3089 +3089] 5 EROS VS t 618 415) ESTIMATING THE SUM Round off the numbers to estimate their sum. Estimating the sum gives a rough idea of the sum. Find the estimated sum as well as the exact sum of 486 and 124. EXAMPLE 7 486 rounds up to 500 486 +124 rounds downto +100 +124 ? 60 610 a et lew © ANS. The estimated sum of 486 and 124 is 600. The exact sum is 610. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY n Estimate each sum. Also find the exact sum. a 5 ( Question ROUNDED NUMBERS _ | ESTIMATED SUM | EXACTS 2 1[ 67+49 | (nearest 10) 5 sy = a & . | 462 +271 | (nearest 100) | . | 4290 + 6380 | (nearest 1000) “|ADDING HORIZONTALLY EXAMPLE 8 Add 342 and 453 horizontally. Remember —_ —, ; step 1 Add the ones, 346° 9st y(t carn step? Add the tens, 160 ° 16) be 9 $ steps Add the hundreds. = 542.OMS3 79S © ANS. 342 + 453 = 795 EXERCISE 2.1 A. Fill in the blanks. Nae 1, +499 = 500 2, Succeidor of 4528= “ent Se 313423417=17+13+__ 4 9F$_ + 6 = 6 + 1449 5, 731+ = 732 6. 644+0= 7. 1000 + 740 = 8. Successor of 9999 = ___ 9. 375 + = 485 + 375 10. 1345 + ___ = 2345 B. Find the sum. Liega3-A 1cA geet fst OD ieel8 | +1298 + 3469 $3.7 ied Miia 6 oj AoTaB: At +21098 +6529,5. % 2075 W 2089 § 185 5997 +.924 +638 8>, Add, Check the answer : a —_—— itt ies een 6708 6705 3452 382] 44356 +2048) +2045] +4356 pee —_—— 4. _— 2563 35637 #86 iat ehaet) 4467 +1059) #1059 ~ fer . Estimate each sum. Also find the exact sum. a hae ESTIMATED SUM EXACT SUM € QUESTION = ROUNDED NUMBERS 56+ 72 (nearest 10) 315 +425 | (nearest 100) 3g02 + 5380 (nearest 1000) | | { . Add horizontally and find the sum. 2.374+14 =—— 3. 15 + 346 = —— 248421 =—— . 225 + 148 = 5, 380 + 479 6. 521 + 711 =— 341+ 198=——_ 8. 400 + 542 = 9. 625 + 222 = — WORD PROBLEMS EXAMPLE 9 A florist needs 3,500 marigolds, 4600 roses @ £3 and 2,850 lilies to decorate a hall. How many flowers does he need in all? Number of marigolds = 3,500 Number of roses = 4,600 Number of lilies = 2,850 0 Total number of flowers needed = 3,500 + 4,600 + 2,850 Ht XS. i ’ @ ANS. The florist needs a total of 10,950 flowers. ayxameer 10 Mr Mehra spent % 10,999 On airfare, % 27,350 on hotel accommodation al Se : ye gOn and % 9,859 on taxi | Nee fare when he visited Chennai, How aiteh Sj money did he spend altogether? : Money spent on airfare = % 10,999 Tedederd Money spent on hotel = % 27,359 10999 Money spent on taxi = 9,859 27350 Money spent altogether = = 10,999 + % 27,350 + % 9,859 foe 5 © ANS. Mr Mehra spent & 48,208 altogether. 8208 EXERCISE 2.2 wy A. Solve these word problems, Xx L Rohit had a collection of 2,346 stamps. His brother gave fas". him 1999 stamps. H f eo fn 'mps. How many stamps does Rohit have now? . A factory manufactured 75,850 cars in 2010. In 2011 it manufactured 38,000 more cars. How many cars did it ee SBE manufacture in 20112 . A farmer bought a pump set. He paid % 58,960 from his savings. He borrowed % 49,750 from the bank to pay for the pump set. What is the cost of the pump set? |. Sanjana’s car costs % 4,56,850. Ranjana’s car costs 3,80,500 more than Sanjana’s car. How much does Ranjana’s car cost? PROJECT ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY Go to rsgr.in/nm-4. Click on LINK 3 under Number Magic 4 to find out the names of 5 cricket stadia in India at which IPL matches are played. Find out their seating capacity from rsgr.in/nm-4. Click on LINK 4 under Number Magic 4, » Which of these stadia can seat the most number of people? » Which of them can seat the least number of people? » What is the difference between their seating capacities? » Which stadium had the most visitors? » Which stadium had the least visitors? » How many people came to watch this year’s IPL matches at these stadia? . Ae Find out the differences between the seating capacity and the number of actual visitors for any one match for all the stadia.SUBTRACTION - We subtract to find what is left over, of, to find out what is missing. 62.7 Menge fom wong The number ber « 'S called the submacted eid tee ee eng 3-2 1 nme — The enswer that “EOE Nera moa Subtraction facts ¢ : When 0 is subtracted from a number, the difference is the number iy TO HTO ThHTG 42 173 2589 =) = 0) =!) 42 173 2589 —- —— pene & : When 1 is subtracted from a number, the difference is the Predecesse the number. TO HTO ThHTO 45 236 4567 - 1 = 1 = 1 44 2355 45665 Predecessor of 45 Predecessor of 236 Predecessor of & B: When a number is subtracted from itself, the difference is always 0. TO HTO ThHTO 56 289 5473 -56 =289 -5473 0 0 | 000ACTING 4-DIGIT NUMBERS faction without regrouping PLE Wt Subtract 3074 from $689, Th H TO} Tho TO u TO 5689 5689 68 9 iy 3 OMA - 3 0 7m Fo ag 5 615 615 Subtract the tens. Subtract the hundreds. Subtract the thousands. ANS. 2615 action with regrouping PLE 12 Find the difference EXAMPLE 13 Find the difference between 5846 and 1738. between 8623 and 4247. H oO 5 13 B2B - 2 7 © ANS. 4376 MATHS ONLINE For basic lessons on subtraction, visit rsgr.in/nm-4, Click on LINK 5 under Number Magic 4.SUBTRACTING LARGE NUMBERS Subtraction without regrouping EXAMPLE 14 Subtract 20140 from 41262. ‘Subtraction of large numbers is the same as subtraction of |) ‘small numbers, 7 © ans. 21122 oy Subtraction with regrouping EXAMPLE 15 Subtract a. 2079 from 13477 _ b. 10823 from 2759} © ANS. 16678 ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY LEARNING BY DOING Make number cards of digits 0 to 9. Randomly call out any five digits, aa have to make the biggest and the smallest numbers using these digits. Find the sum and difference of the numbers thus made. Example, Digits called 5) @ B B | gnu Biggest number 75320 13x28 Smallest number. = + 2:03.57 -20351 —___ Abd. Sum= 95677 Difference = __5 4 99°: We can check subtraction by addition. STEP I Firstly, find the difference. STEP 2 Then add the difference to the subtrahend. STEP 3. If the sum is equal to the minuend, then your answer is correct. xAMPLE 16 Subtract 2016 from 4558. Check with addition. 4558... 25 4 2S une atewee n -2016 wo F201 GR Metrded 25426 34558 Fd the difference ‘® ANS. Since the sum of the DIFFERENCE and the SUBTRAHEND is equal to the MINUEND, the subtraction is correct. Subtract and check by addition IMATING THE DIFFERENCE ound off the numbers to estimate their difference. sstimating the difference gives a rough idea of the difference. AMPLE 17 Find the estimated difference as well as the exact difference bteween 516 and 197. 516 rounds downto 5 00 516 =197 rounds upto -200 -197 2 300. 319 siete tence ext Seen ANS. The estimated difference between 516 and 197 is 300. The exact & difference is 319.ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY m= 49 (nearest 10) | 693 — 411 (nearest 100) 5290 — 3380 | (nearest 1000) Ks ln EXERCISE 2.3 A. Fill in the blanks. 1, ___-0 = 500 . 6340-0=_ 731 - 731 = ____ - 1000 — 100 = ____ 9 __- 1 = 999 yw = . Find the difference. 4051 a - 866 = 7 ' Na a Aw No | ao aR WA oa = aa aa ow 2. Predecessor of 4528 =____ 4. 5200 - ___ = 5200 6. 999-1= 8. The predecessor of 9999 =____ 10. 1345 —_____ = 1344C. subtract and check by addition, 1 3526 h 7 1338 + -3 timate each difference. Also find the exact difference. p. Est EXACT QUESTION S RERENCE LL) 1-59 (nearest 10) 2. 425-315 _| (nearest 100) 3, 5180 — 3992| (nearest 1000) WORD PROBLEMS EXAMPLE 18 2670 cars can be parked in a parking lot. On Monday morning, 947 cars were parked there. How many more cars can be parked? Number of cars that can be parked = 2,670 Number of cars parked on Monday = 947 Number of cars that can still be parked = 2,670 — 947 1723 ans. 1723 more cars can be parked in the parking lot. ae ong EXERCISE 2.4 . Solve these word problems. re one thousand five hundred seats in a cinema hall. If on . There at 895 people come to watch a movie, how many a particular day, seats are vacant? . Se A farmer packed 7,500 oranges. Out of these 859 oranges got spoilt and had to be thrown away. How many oranges were left with the farmer? . The total cost of a television set and a mobile phone is = 55,990. If the cost of the mobile phone is € 17,897, find the cost of 6 the television set.8 ADDITION AND su EXAMPLE 19 Solve 428 — STEP 2 109 + 247. STEP 1 118 428 319 =109 #247 319 566 ans. 566 EXAMPLE 20 Solve these. a. 437 + 1542 — 1398 STEP 1 STEP 2 8 17 437 31979 +1542 -1398 1979— 581 @ans. 581 ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY BIRACTION TOGETHER Go step-wise. 7 ’ Carry out the FIRST ‘ operation. Then use the _ answer to carry out \. the NEXT operation, tents ee wy pb. 5102 — 3416 — 978 STEP | STEP 9 4 1012 067% BXBZ Xb8s 3416 - 978 | 1686— 70. Ans. 708 Some more problems involving addition and subtraction EXAMPLE 21 Which number is 2472 more than 3168? 11 CHECK 5 13 10 3168 > S648 ~/ + 72 y gine’ erg wblracion —2472 anni) ee 3168 | “ways add the ANS. 5640 is 2472 more than 3168. \ mumbers.pxaurtt 22, Which number is 2472 less than 6315? CHECK 4 — by hn 3 fais To find the addition 972472 smaller number, Z 6315 always subtract, (@ANS. 3843 is 2472 less than 6315, EXAMPLE 23 What should be added to 5796 to get 10835? 71215 caeae: 11 1 ° B 4 & > 0 Mi berack wsabe . 257 lways subtract Dy to find the number 3039 039 addition 10835 to be added, i ofun wlow ulawo (®ANnS. 5039 should be added to 5796 to get 10835. EXERCISE 2.5 A. Find the sum of Nye cae ot 1. 489, 3865 and 6932. 2. 2998, 13650 and 786. Ee oo + . 378, 4954 and 7081. . 594, 3232 and 8017. 2 B. What is the difference between . 7853 and 2867? . 7682 and 3587? . 4444 and 5000? 80437 and 17041? 9999 and 10000? + C. Find the number which is . 563 more than 8978. 2. . 798 less than 5663. 2053 more than 10615. 3715 less than 10113. 2009, 24761 and 867. 9002, 16742 and 888. ep 14071 and 73408? D. What should be added to . 1672 to get 3400? 2783 to get 4511? 978 to get 9780? 897 to get 8970?WORD PROBLEMS EXAMPLE 24 Razia bought a Harry Potter book. It had 880 pages, She read 16 pages on Monday and 13 pages on Tuesday, How many pages does Razia still have to read? . Total number of pages = 880 me Number of pages read on Monday = 16 88g =13 - 16 Jes Number of pages read on Tuesday ni s/n Number of pages left to be read = 80-16-13 _8 64/2 8 6 4) (ANS. Razia has to read 851 pages. = aos HE aver EXERCISE 2.6 ory A. Solve these word problems. 1. Granny makes necklaces for Kirti Store. She has 6,848 beads. Out of they 3,752 are red beads, 1089 are green and the rest are yellow. How many yellow beads does she have? 2. On Monday, 2,523 men, women and children visited the Science Museum. There were 845 men, 639 women and the rest were children. Find the number of children who visited the Science Museum. POINTS TO REMEMBER a The answer in an addition question is called the sum. When zero is added to a number, the value of the number remains the same. iy When ‘1’ is added to a number, the sum is the successor of the number. Changing the order of the numbers to be added does not change the sum. >» When adding more than two numbers, the numbers can be grouped in at bi The answer in a subtraction is called the difference. sine F 3 yprRaction LY REINFORCING ADDITION AND SUBTRACT. ps le TERMS— INCREASE, DECREASE, MOR! ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY YOU WILL NEED spike abacus and beads of four different colours (10 of each colour)STEPS 1, Students work individually on the abacus, thueTo | J (EOE 2. A colour for each place is assigned, Red beads for thousands, Green beads for hundreds, Orange beads for tens, Blue beads for ones. Students try to make the number written on the blackboard on their abacuses. For example, the number 4325 can be shown on the abacus as given above. . Students follow the teacher’s number. instructions by Putting appropriate beads to make the RTHER INSTRUCTIONS 1. Increase the number by 100. 2. Increase the number by 1000. Bi 3. Decrease the number by 1. 4. Decrease the number by 20. 5. Make the number 300 more than the number on the abacus. 6. Make the number 2000 more than the number on the abacus, 7. Make the number 4000 less than the number on the abacus. 8. Make the number 5 less than the number on the abacus. 9. Check the numbers for correctness after every instruction. The students should understand that the beads in the particular place are to be added or subtracted. be oh. # 0 0 ey ¥ @. Sor Now I can feelin - > understand addon. ===)» understand subtraction. » add larger numbers. 8 » subtract larger numbers, Q > estimate sums. » do addition and subtraction together, w MY CHECKLIST T could colourMULTIPLICATION WARM UP CNL Gi 3 balloons + 3 balloons + 3 balloons + 3 balloons + gt = 1S balk lo, S times 3 is 15OR 5 x 3 = 0 factors product . Choose the factors from the ‘factor wheel’ and write below the Product thy give in the ‘multiplication train’. B. Multiply by expanding the bigger number. 1,18 x5 2,258 3.37 x4 4 Add 5. 56x 8 6. 7x91 7.99 x2 8, 53x6 C. Fill in the). hoo1 4 2 10 2 15 x20 x60 x40 00 6 0 6 101 1234 x 9 x 2 Ory ww)ULTIPLICATION FACTS & : Numbers can be multiplied 8x7 = 56 » same 7x8=56 : The factors can be grouped in any order, 14x 5=70 ®) same 5x 14=70 the product remains the same. in any way, the product remains the same. CDN 5x @x6) ee = 10 x 6 =5 x 2 = 60 = 60 } Seabees) “(ano mart same = & : When a number is multiplied by 1, the product is the number itself. 6x1=6 j 2Bx1 “bia NF 3 j 578 x 1 = 578 o——__— : When a number is multiplied by 0, the product is 0. 6x0=0 } 23x0-0 } s7x0=0 ENTAL- MATHS Soar Fill in the blanks. r 1s ele 24x x5=0 3.27 x 9597 i ese % 5 1x 1 6 0x 0=_ _ es 8 3% 4)x2=(2%3)x__ 9.1x33= 10, 16 x 70 u. 15 x 8=8 x 12, 6x 5x =9x 6x ___ om LS er ” es MATHS ONLINE For multiple-choice questions on Click on LINK 6 under Number Magic 4. ig. multiplication, visit rsgr.in/nm-4,MULTIPLICATION BY A 1-DIGIT NUMBER Vertical method EXAMPLE | Multiply 379 by 7- 3 9 : z = ong 30% 3 3 x -63 7 x 7 tens = 49 tens 7% 3 hu depot © See ita 49 tens + 6 tens 21 bund: 6 tens and 3 ones. (carried over from ones) (carried over fh = 55 tens = 26 hundrege Regroup 55 tens into Regroup 26 hin 5 hundreds and 5 tens. 2 thousands en © ANS. 2653 EXAMPLE 2 Find 1438 x 5. 4 14 ay 1438 143 8 1438 56.54 a x§, oe x5 0 90 190 80xS5=400 3Tx5=15T 4Hx5=20H =4T+00 IST+4T=19T 20H+1H=21H =1H+9T =2Th+1H © ans. 7190 EXERCISE 3.1 Se a te Find the product. 1236 2283 +1 é' x4 ze 67 51234 61308 ses inners __*6 a et —_H sizontal method jaaarut s Multiply 326 by 3, Maen STEP! 60x3=180-1T+80 426%3=978 STE , P2 2Tx3 =6T6T+IT=7T STEP3 3 = @ ws. 978 Hx3=9H PNAMPLE 4 Find 1426 x 4, , STEP] 60x 4=240=2T+40 1426%*4=5704 step2 27x 4=8T;8T+2T=10T 10T=1H+0T STEP3 4Hx4=16H; 16H+1H=17H 17H=1Th+7H STEP4 1 Thx 4=4 Th; 4Th+1Th=5Th @ ans. 5704 EXERCISE 3.2 Multiply horizontally to find the product. LS we 1. 421 x 3 =___ 2, 234% 4= 3, 507 x 8 =e 4. 610 x 9 = ____ 5, 1955 x 7 = —__ 6. 6051 x 6 = ~ 7. 3790 x 8 = —__ 8, 1836 x 9 = ___ 9, 2039 x 5 = ___ LEARNING BY DOING ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY. Find the problem! ; J Use the table to find multiplication problems and their solutions. A B c D 651 321 3 70 3531 420 ul 16 346 ‘olour each set of problems and solutio ‘xample: CIV x DIV = BIV 68 * 18 = 1224Multiplying by expanding the bigger number EXAM Multiply 235 by 4. 235 = 200 + 30+ 5 There is 23 6 ternative 200 =. eae) = — ~ “4 T2006 ; +800 ’ = 800 + 120 + 20 “sap = 940 sie © Ans. 940 EXAMPLE 6 1237 x 8 1000 200 : 1237 x8 56 1 240e¢ x, = 8000 + 1600 + 240 + 56 1600¢ m = 9896 +8000 & 10m © Ans. 9896 9896 EXERCISE 3.3 = Multiply by expanding the bigger number. 1 152%3 = 2 416x4 = 3, 1234 x5 = 4.2617x6=_____ 5, 6135x8 =____—g, 8579 X27 7. 3678*6= Sg 312K 7 = 9, 5028 X 9215 x 10 = 2150 1475 x 10 = 14750 42x 20 = 42 x 2 x 10 = 840 201 x 30 = 201 x 3 x 10 = 6030 2451 x 40 = 2451 x 4 x 10 STEP 2 © ans. 47112 ULTIPLICATION BY A 2-DIGIT NUMBER ultiplying by a 2-digit number ending with 0 Multiply by ones. Multiply by tens. 32 3°2) x27 20+7 x27 224 <—32x7 224 640 <— 32x20 © ANS. 864 MPLE8 1,208 x 39 STEP 1 STEP 2 1208 1208 x39 > 3049 x39 10872 <— 1208x9} 10872 36240 < 1208x30 + aloe alao |r olx H|Rulwo rionleo& Costin ees EXERCISE 3.40 —————=sace i | 4 Find the product. 1659.17. toa 68x23 =—— 3.29 * 47 B ia6 pidge |S SPOR 82, Serres 6. 843 x 1g > 7. 539x 26 = & 395 x64 =——__- 9 407. x 35 ~ ye 1234 midge, 2056 X22 = ——t 12, 3087 x37. = MULTIPLICATION BY A 3-DIGIT NUMBER Multiplying by a 3-digit number ending with 2 0s 23 x 100 = 2300 342 x 100 = 34200 45 x 200 45 x 2 x 100 = 9000 201 x 400 = 201 x 4* 100 = 80400 916 x 3 x 100 916 x 300 274800 uoud Multiplying by any 3-digit number EXAMPLE 9 Find 327 x 213. fens. yndreds- products: 327 x21 3 200 + 10+3 981 < 327%3 sree | Multiply by ones: 3270 — 327% 10 grep 2 Multiply by * 465400 — 327% 200 step 3 Multiply by h 69651 step 4 Add the 67 @ Ans. 69651 300+4 3428 — 857x4 4257100 & 857x300 "260528 In 304, there is O in the tens place, so we can skip the 857 * 0 step. EXAMPLE 11 Find 405 x 190, 405 x19 0 — 100+ 90 36450 — 40590 +40500 — 405 x 100 76950 In 190, there is 0 in the ones place, so we can skip sthe 405 x 0 step. © Ans. 260528 © ans. 76950 oni EXERCISE 3.5 Se 4 Find the product. 1 223 x 137=_____ 2, 216 x 198=___ 3, 364 x 215=___ 4.429 246=____ 5, 809 312=_ 6 516 x 170 = __ 1.386 302=____ 8.473 x208=___ 9, 606 x 440= 10, 257 x 181 =____ 1. 629 x 214=__ 12, 318 x 207=__ 13.795 x 244=_____ 14. 615 x 701=_____ 15, 363 x 943=__ ESTIMATING THE PRODUCT Recreate not needed. Round off the factors to estimate their product. Estimating the product gives a rough idea of the product. @ EXAMPLE 12 Find the estimated product as well as the exact product of 46 and 23. 46 > 23 46 rounds up to 23 rounds down to 46 x23 105 8 exc ot © ANS. The estimated product of 46 and 23 is 1000. The exact product is 1058. &-EXAMPLE 12. Estimate the product of 408 and 131 by rounding ofr each to the nearest hundred. 408 rounds down to 400. 131 rounds down to 100. 400 ~100 2h, 40000 ® avs. 40000 ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY WORD PROBLEMS EXAMPLE 14 A notebook has 256 pages. How many pages will be ‘> there in 5 such notebooks? Number of pages in 1 notebook = 256 25 a | Number of notebooks = 5 Number of pages in 5 notebooks = 256 x 5 N oo | x o © Ans. There are 1280 pages in 5 notebooks. EXAMPLE 15 A box contains 580 balls. How many balls do 71 boxes 3 contain? Check your answer, Number of balls in 1 box = 580 : : 4 Number of boxes = 71 ore) | . Total number of balls = 580 x 71 +40600 4002 & © Ans. 71 boxes contain 41180 balls, Sari)Checking the answer by est tion, Sx)» 600 (round up one factor) ( 7 570 n Wow! Now I (round down the other factor) Gant cheek a 70 = 42 yj 600 S70 = 42000. Yes, the answer seems correct, answer too! ERCISE 3.6 ta so 20 ein I gos gag ad carefully and solve, Remember to Write statements, d give the answer, show working 1, Precti collected % 150 from each m oe ‘ ember of the Book Club for _ purchasing books. If there are 9 i ee ese ‘© 9 members, how much money did . John pays % 997 towards his school fee i as fee for a year. every month. Find the amount paid . A farmer plants 135 apple trees in a row, How man’ i f apple t will he plant in 32 such rows? APPT res |. There are 365 days in a year. How many days are there in 8 years? . 215 books are placed in a rack. There are 43 such racks in the library. How many books does the library have? 4 . Anu studies 2 hours every day. How many minutes does she study in a week? (Hint: 1 hour = 60 minutes; | week = 7 days) . Meena has 732 fifty-rupee notes. How much money does Meena have? a . A bicycle costs 1279. What will be the cost of 26 such bicycles? dis ). 537 buttons are produced by a factory every day. If the factory works every day of the month, how many buttons will it produce in the month of March? | A dozen pencils are packed in a box. 20 boxes are packed in a QE carton. How many pencils are there in 10 cartons? . Normally, our heart beats 72 times in a minute. How many times will it beat in a day? A plane covers distance of 1980 km to reach from place A to place B. How much distance will it cover in two round trips? Gos & (Hint: 1 round trip between A and B means going from A to B and then coming back B to A)POINTS TO REMEMBER > Multiplication is a simpler » The product of a number and | is the number itself. > The product of a number and zero is 0. > Changing the order of the factors does not change the product, > The factors can be grouped in any way, the product remains the same, and easier way of adding the same me , UNDERSTANDING DOUBLES AS MULTIPLICATION IN THE LAB ENRICHMENT ACTIVI Complete the number line of doubles. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Doubles «+++ t +—1. bone eee 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 9% 10 Doubles «++ t——+——+—} + or oe oe ee ee ee | YOU WILL NEED a ball STEPS 1. Students stand in a circle, teacher in the centre. 2. Say a number from | to 10, for example, 3. Throw the ball to a student. 3. The student catches the ball and says the double of the number called by the teacher, for example, 6. Continue till all the 10 numbers are called. 4. Next call the multiples of 10 and continue the game till the students are sure 0 the doubles. - ed Now Ican_ swotrea kh, 2 > understand Itiplication. q D} > multiply bya I- digit number _ > multiply by a 3- digi > multiply by expanding. _) > estimate products. ‘ 8) shit I could colour oenA | $ ere are an equal number of DIVISION WARM UP A. Put these 20 balls into 5 boxes such that th balls in each box. Division is equal sharing, 20+ 5=@ Lo oot dividend divisor quotient . Divide these 12 balls into groups of 2 each. Into how many groups can vide the balls? OOO® ain 12+ 2= equal grouping. DDD DDD ii win os dividend divisor quotient ° 6 < Quotient (Q) This is called Ws fan long division. / Divisor—> 2] 12 « Dividend -12 —(2x6) 0 Remainder (R) C. Divide using the long division method. 1.642 2.943 3. 10+5 4.1549 5. 18+6 6.2444 722157 8 2874 % 3547 10, 55 +6 i, 8249 12, 66 + 8 13. 222 +2 14, 345 +3 15, 678 + 6 16, 893 +7 o)DIVISION FACTS Fe} + When a number is divided by 1, the quotient is the number jy ce 23 578 grieg | weiss | Bets @ + When a number is divided by itself, the quotient is always 1 x F asi4=1 $623 +623 =1 self, s=s-1 | +54 + When 0 is divided by any number the quotient is always 0, o=6=0 | o+23-0 } 0+578-0 R : Division and multiplication are related. Every multiplication fact has two division facts. servant PACS gxsenc oe? 42+6=7 122958 3 : Division by 0 is meaningless. MENTAL. MATHS ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY § A. Fill in the blanks. 1 14+1= Peo — 16 oem © Sey = 75 4482495 a2 = — I CD — TU fe 1+ 160 B. Tick (W) the correct option. 1. 36+0= a 0 b. 36 . meaningless 2. The multiplication fact for 30 + 15 = 2 is a 2* 15 =30 b, 2+ 15 = 30 « 30+2=15 3, The product of two numbers is 8, One number is 2. To find the other number a. divide 2 by 8, b, divide 8 by 2. . multiply 8 10 aCHECKING DIVISION If Quotient * Divisor + Remainder = Dividend, then the division is correct FVAMPLe 1 Divide 25 by 9 and check your division, 2<—Q Divisor —_9 | f25e— Dividend -18 TOR Checking division: Q * Divisor + R= Dividend 2x 947 18 + 7 =25 ‘® ANS. Since Quotient x Divisor + Remainder = Dividend, the quotient and the remainder are correct. DIVISION BY A 1-DIGIT DIVISOR EXAMPLE 2 Divide 825 by 3. EXAMPLE 3 Divide 146 by 3. 27 5 c AS 1 <3, start with 3)825 14.08 the dividend, a ao - 3/146 31 sTeP2 3x 7=21 =12| sumer 3x4=12 1S 26 5 sTepP3 3x5=15 24 step2 3*8=24 — 2 Check. Check. 275 x 3 + 0 = 825 (DIVIDEND) 48 x 3 + 2 = 146 (DIVIDEND) © ans. Q =275,R=0 © Ans. Q = 48, R=2 MATHS ONLINE 3% s on division, go to rsgr.in/nm-4. For practice worksheet Click on LINK 7 under Number Magic 4.EXAMPLE 4 Divide 6686 by 4. EXAMPLE 5 Divide 329} by 6 As 3 < 6, start wi _ pou eke —4 eP1 4 x(IJ=4 f = STEPI 4x 548 9 =24 STEP2 4x 6=24 16139129 | =F =30| | ster 6x55 =28| srep3 4x/7=28 29 a% =24| STEP? 6x4. 4 srepa 4x/I)=4 51 > -48 — STEP3 6x4 ae ES Check. Check. 1671 x 4 + 2 = 6686 (DIVIDEND) 548 x 6 + 3 = 3291 (oIVDEND, © Ans. Q = 1671,R=2 © ANS. Q = 548, R=3 MENTAL: MATHS ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY g Fillin the, ). 24 LD 1O@ 9.3 1 419 58 2 7/9 26 3 9/8941 20) ial OO) 10) 2 : 8) -12 = -OI Qs 1 J! a) 1) 22d 2 2 pee HOTS question 6 students worked together on a maths project. There were 6 sets of abacus on each student’s table. Each abacus had 60 beads. There were 12 extr@ beads for each abacus. The beads were in 6 colours — red, white, yellows black, green, blue. If there were an equal number of beads of each coloul how many beads of each colour were there on each student’s table?if ERCISE 4.1 ‘A. Find the quotient and the remainder, e4e4 2. 565 +5 3. 38 +6 IVISION BY 10, 100 AND 1000 jivision by 10 MPLE 6 Find 65 + 10. 6 ‘AL: MATHS, Pane ind the quotient and remainder without doing long division. Q R 1 42+ 10 ee 2, 99+ 10 31810 aie 4. 405 + 10 . 1350 + 10 eee 6. 4107 + 10 . 6781 + 10 Tt 2h a ee 8. 9999 + 10 4, 9248 6 874=7 7. 9543 +3 8 . 8616 + 6 10. 7550 + 4 u. 5120+7 12. 3. 7424 + 4 14. 6005 + 5 15. 9432 +7 16. . Divide and check your answer, B+5 5 2.6344 3. 649 +3 5 457 + 9 6. 729 +8 7. 978 +9 . 903 +7 10, 2153 + 2 1. 7595 + 6 . 3648 + 4 14, 1059 + 3 18, 2416 +6 —i4 10f65 10/147 —60 =10] = makes up the remainder, oigit © ANS. Q=6,R=5 the rest of the digits ~ a, make up the quotient. © ans. Q EXAMPLE 7 Find 147 + 10. 14,R=78 Division by 100 EXAMPLE 8 Find 247 + 100. pn ae 13 2 10/247 Olt § ~ = 200 =100] 47 352 =300 © ans. Q=2,R=47 hi @ans. Q= Qa] BRey ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY he quotient and remaind HOTS question Sudesh has collected % 2560 for an orphanage. He has notes of {779g and Veal . If he has 6 notes of 7a how many notes of [eal] cos he have? Division by 1000 EXAMPLE 10 Find 6472 + 1000. XAMPLE 11 Find 35487 + Ifo —__6 35 000) 6 472 1000] 3 5487 S000 ~~ = 3000) Au 5487 © ans. Q=6 — 5000 R=472 487 =35,R-4" © ans. Q=35,MENTAL MATHS ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY @ Find the quotient and remainder without doing long divisi ivision. 1472+ 1000 2 geet vom x 1005+ 1000 age G00 — s, 62841 = 1000 6. 30827 = 1000 7, $9456 = 1000 ___ 8 99999 = 1000 ESTIMATING THE QUOTIENT Estimating quotients is helpful in division by a 2-digit divisor, EXAMPLE 12 Estimate the quotient in 74 + 21. rena ore STEP 1 Round off the numbers. 4-21 70 = 20 STEP 2 Cancel ‘0’. We pore, ~e 3s STEP3 Divide 7 by 2. cailey a6, hy © ANS. Estimated quotient = 3 XAMPLE 13 Estimate the quotient in 639 + 47. rouneicl facthe,nemest hindied STEP 1 Round off the numbers. 639+ 47 600+ 50 rounds if 10 the nesest tn STEP 2 Cancel ‘0’ in the ones place. 60+5 Round off each STEP3 Divide 60 by 5. factor to its greatest place. © Ans. Estimated quotient = 128 Coon Wt, EXERCISE 4.2. — aa) Ay Mateh the columns as shown. QUESTION ROUNDS TO DIVISION ESTIMATED 1. 86 +27 200 + 20 90 +4 ; 2 91 +36 300 + 40 943 3. 193 +24 moon / 9-4 » 4.315 + 43 90 + 30 20+2 2 5. 868 = 37 90 + 40 30+4 0 B . Fill in the table and estimate the quotient. QUESTION ROUNDS TO. | 78 + 18 64 +21 289 + 69 753 + 29 691 +51 yey PROJECT ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY q Find out the length of the 5 longest rivers of India. Where do they start from? Where do they end? Which states do they flow through? Fill in this table. Which is the longest of these rivers? Which is the shortest? (Hint: To find out visit rsgr.in/nm-4, Click on LINK 8 under Number Magic 4) If they were of equal length what would their length be? (Hint: First add and then divide.)IVISION BY A 2-DIGIT DIVISOR AMPLE 14 Find 52 + 17, sTEP1 Estimate the quotient, rounds off to 52+17 5G +2 rounds off to Cancel ‘0’ and divide 5 by 2, we ul -4 _L__ Estimated quotient = 2 STEP 2 Find actual quotient. Multiply the divisor by the estimated quotient. (divisor) 17 x 2 = 34 34 < 52 (dividend), so multiply the divisor by one number more than 2. (divisor) 17 x 3 = 51 51 < 52 (dividend) Actual quotient = 3 STEP3 Divide. 3 Look for a 17/52 / product equal to 51 ‘on just smaller STEP 4 Check the division. 3x17+1 =S1+1 = 52 (dividend) © ans. Q=3,R=1 2 than the dividend. / EXAMPLE 18 Find 94 = 13, STEP | round off 10 94+ 13 9 +1 rounds off t0 Cancel ‘0’ and divide 9 by 1. le 1 1 ww Estimated quotient = 9 lel STEP 2 Multiply the divisor by the estimated quotient. (divisor) 13 x 9 = 117 117 > 94 (dividend), so multiply the divisor by one number less than 9. (divisor) 13 x 8 = 104 104 > 94 (dividend), so multiply the divisor by one number less than 8, (divisor) 13 x 7 = 91 91 < 94 (dividend) Actual quotient = 7 te \y = 94 (dividend) @ ans. Q=7,R=3EXAMPLE 16 Find 613 + 25. STEP | Estimate the quotient, Rend off . Here, 6 « 25. Since the 61 + 25 60 + 30 dividend cannot be less than the divisor, so take 61, | Rounds off to 61> 25. Cancel ‘0° and divide 6 by 3. 6 + 3 = 2. Estimated quotient = 2 STEP 2 Find the actual quotient. Multiply the divisor by the estimated quotient: Try by multiplying the divisor by oe one number more than 2: Givisor) 25 x 3 = 75, 75, 4, Since 75 > 61, actual quotient = 2 i (divisor) 25 « 2= 50,59, STEP3 Divide. 2 — es 25/613 / Now, we have to a 50 1 find 113 + 25, For — this repeat STEPS n 113 N 2 Rounds off to 113 + 25 110 + 30 Cancel ‘0’ and divide 11 by 3. Rees 11 + 3 = 3. Estimated quotient = 3 Multiply the divisor by the estimated quotient: (divisor) 25 x 3 = 75, 75 <1. Try by multiplying the divisor by one number more than 3: (divisor) 25 x 4 = 100, 100<113. Try again by multiplying the divisor by one number more than 4; (divisor) 25 x 5 = 125, 125>113 Since 125 > 113, actual quotient = 4 24 25}613 =50| 13 -100 STEP 4 Check ate 24 x 25 + 13 = 600 + 13 = 613 (dividend) © ans. Q=24,R=13CISE 4.3 a es Find the estimated quotient and the actual quotient. QUESTION _| ROUNDS TO | ESTIMATED QUOTIENT | ACTUAL QUOTIENT 48 5 28 Divide to find the quotient and the remainder, if any. 92214 2. 89 + 42 3. 82+ 29 4.95 + 40 97+ 25 6. 63 + 35 7. 94 = 23 8. 85 + 40 86 = 43 10. 93 + 31 ul. 74 + 24 12. 67 + 56 88 = 61 14. 96 + 71 15. 78 + 27 16. 92 + 38 Divide to find the quotient and the remainder, if any. 104 + 21 2. 345 + 42 3. 169 + 27 4. 257 + 35 735 + 81 6. 433 + 44 7. 460 + 56 8. 304 + 62 256 + 34 10. 141 + 18 I. 281 + 38 12. 513 + 45 607 + 38 14. 231 + 57 15, 952 + 82 16. 904 + 77 Divide and check your answer. 82+17 2. 93 + 16 3. 63+ 41 567 + 21 6. 278 = 14 7. 579 + 18 175 + 25 10. 735 + 16 uN. 525 + 22 NING BY DOING ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY this trick! of any 2-digit number. Subtract 1 from the number. Multiply the difference by 3. 12 to the product. Divide the sum by 3. Add 5 to the quotient and find the sum. it is the difference between the sum and the number you started with? °3.9q sAeme LM souDIaYIP OUMore division practice EXAMPLE 17 Divide 2708 by 19. 19/2708 +19 30+20 > 3f=29 5 , 4 2 — — Estimated quotient = 1 at (divisor) 19 x 1 = 19 < 27 (dividend) (divisor) 19 x 2 = 38 > 27 (dividend) 1 Actual quotient = 1 19/2708 =19] seund oft ' 80 80+ 19 80 +20 > 86 =26 > a an rounds off 0 Estimated quotient = 4 o (divisor) 19 x 4 = 76 < 80 (dividend) (divisor) 19 x 5 = 95 > 80 (dividend) 14 Actual quotient = 4 19|/2708 =19| | 80 =76 Beigel ae 1 48 48=19 50+20 > 56+ 28 > 25 Se -4 rounds off 10 1 Estimated quotient = 2 a (divisor) 19 x 2 = 38 < 48 (dividend) (divisor) 19 x 3 = 57 > 48 (dividend) 142 Actual quotient = 2 19}2708 » te] 80 -76 Check it ig’ g 142 x 19 + 10 35 = 2698 + 10 = 2708 (dividend) 10 @ ans. Q = 142, R= 10CISE 4.4 Oat ~ Soe Divide and check your answer, - 3533 + 27 2. 9084 + 62 3. 6394 = 4] 4. 8841 = 52 5204 = 93 6. 3374 + 29 7. 6400 = 48 8. 2089 = 53 3708 = 18 10. 4110 = 17 11. 4424 = 2g 12. 6301 + 75 HOTS question 2 Se a shopkeeper bought 9 boxes of apples, each containing t 0 packets. If he Tepacked them into boxes containing 6 packets each, how many boxes would he get? RD PROBLEMS MPLE 18 Rohit has 525 stamps. He wants to paste them in a stamp album. On a Page he can paste 25 stamps. How many pages will he need to paste all the stamps? a Total number of stamps = 525 21 Number of stamps on one page = 25 25[525 Number of pages needed = 525 + 25 50) J 25 © ANS. 21 pages are needed to paste 525 stamps. 25 0 MPLE 19 On one shelf in the library if 15 books can be kept, how many shelves are needed for 755 books? Total number of books = 755 Number of books on one shelf = 15 50 Number of shelves needed = 755 = 15 15/75 ; The quotient is 50 but 5 books are left over (remainder). -7 3 { 1 more shelf needed for leftover books. Hence, 50 + 1 = 51 shelves are needed. 70 ul | © Avs. 51 shelves are needed for 755 books.EXERCISE 4.5 — Solve these word problems. 1. 119 balls are to be packed equally in 7 boxes. How many balls yg will be there in cach box? 2% ha 156 students participated in a quiz competition, 6 students formed a team. How many teams were there 3. 594 pencils are packed equally in 33 packets. How many pencils ; are there in each packet? 4. 153 trees are planted equally in 9 rows. How many trees were planted in each row? 5. Pont 626 people decide to take the HoHo bus for Delhi darshan, :515 people can sit comfortably in a bus. How many buses are Need 6. A man bought 25 tickets for a movie for 2125. What is the cost of 1 ticket? 7. The cost of 42 notebooks is % 966. What is the cost of 1 notebook? 8. 3825 centimetres of ribbon has to be cut into pieces, each measuring 35 centimetres. How many pieces can be cut? How much ribbon will be left over? 9. € 6012 is shared equally among 21 children. How much money does each child get? How much money is left over? 10, 864 cartons of books are loaded in 36 trucks. How many cartons are loaded in each truck? POINTS TO REMEMBER ape evades | > Division is equal sharing or equal grouping. > The number itself is the quotient when it is divided by 1. > Zero divided by any number gives zero as the quotient. > > = Any number divided by itself gives 1 as the quotient. Divisor * Quotient + Remainder = Dividend IN THE LAB & YOU WILL NEED blackboard NRICIIMENT ACTIVITY ai rs neta 1, Students work in pairs. Think and discuss what the dividend and divisor could be, for example +) =5 Write their suggestions on the blackboard, for example y+5=5 15+ B=5 30+ 6-5 50+ 10-5 Ask them to complete their division sentence and check by multipli @-@-3 @-@-10,., @-@-s SIBILITY RULES umber is divisible by another if on dividing it, there is no remainder. 7 10 yaz 4)42 =42 Q=7,R=0 =40 Q=10,R=2 29 42s divisible by 6. 22 42s not divisible by 4. tules are a short, quick way of finding if a number is divisible by another without division. 4 \ It's MAGIC! eck divisioPLACE VALUE A. Tick (VW) the correct option. 1. The smallest 6-digit number is C. Write the numeral. 1. six lakh sixty thousand six = 2. 50000 + 70+ 9 = D. Give the expanded form of AA TOOT eee Re 2 B0 1021 ee et E. Write the place value of the coloured digit. Lear Ct & 3, 90168 gs gt oeif Write the following numbers in descending order. 26, 35726, 37526, 36527 325) ee Write the following numbers in ascending order. 52678, 23467, 52677, 32456 DITION AND SUBTRACTION Tick (WV) the correct option. 74521 is _— less than 75521. .1@ b. 10 _) 100 _) «. 1000 _) The number 100 less than 6149 is 2. 5149. _) b. 6049.) «. 6140._) a. none of these _) The difference of two numbers is 7. If one number is 8, the other number is a. 15. _) b. 7.) e. 2.) a1.) The sum of two numbers is 20. If one number is 16, the other number is B2 eee) 20.) a. none of these _) Arrange in columns to solve. 32683 + 4375 + 5764 2. 68502 — 35743 3. 2398 — 1899 + 1647 Solve these word problems. What should be added to 3891 to get 7938? Mohit bought an MP3 player for = 20598. Safina bought the same MP3 player but paid = 1999 more than Mohit. How much money did Safina pay? On Tuesday, 2658 students attended school. Out of these 1785 were girls. How many boys were there?ON LEARNING BY DOING. ————________~~_ A Look at this additon pyramid. Study the pattern and fill in the py... (0 40 | 60 | L 35 7 10 [| [-s [10 | 15 [20 3[4[7]3 40 | 10 [2073 B. Look at this subtraction pyramid. Study the pattern and fill in the boyy ql — 5 | 5 5 | 10] 5 3 2 | 10] 5|isj20] = (7141315 50 | 10 | 20]50] MULTIPLICATION A, Fill in the blanks. 1, 427 x = 427 2, ___ x 1= 63 3. 35x5=5% 42 «5 =5%x40 5, 36 x 10=____* « 15i x —_= "0 7.4x2x 100= x x 8. 17x 5x 0=—_ * x B. Multiply. 1, 600 x 12) = —___ 2. 1251 x 10 = —— 3. 11 x 900 = —__ 4. 1300 x 20 = —— 5. 564*7 = 6, 8251 x4 =—— . Solve these word problems, ire | 36 students of Class 4 donated money for the Flood Relief Fund. student gave % 125, how much money was collected? — |ranaeee collected % 250 from each student of Class 4 i Schoo! picnic. If there are 44 students in the class, jow much money did Amandeep collect? : led by 6 gives quotient 3? ae ;. What number when . Solve and compare using >, < or =. 481) 48+ 48 2.35+7 @ 35+5 648) 5627 4.700 + 10 |) 700 + 100 .0+6 ) 676 6. 350+1 |) 3500+ 100 . Divide and verify the answer. . 259 +7 2. 1042 +9 3. 723 +15 4, 2308 + 28 . Solve these word problems. \ . 648 flowers are used to make 18 garlands, How many flowers are 3 there in cach garland? . 24 dolls are packed in a box. How many boxes will be needed to pack 1048 dolls?& murmetts and FACTORS WARM UP a elt $$ & \. Ranee wants to count the number Zl of legs of the cows in a dairy farm near her village, But she is not able to see the legs, help her by counting the number of the faces of cows. Fill in the table. Number of cows | 1 | Number of legs | 4 | we} rs If there were 11 cows what is 4, 8, 12 and so on the total number of legs? are multiples of 4. B. Razia is planting vegetables in her garden. She has planted 12 plants of different types. Look at the g: garden and fill in the blanks. @a 0 bab Sova.) 1, 12,4, 3, 2au8 1 121 * 12; there is 1 row of 12 cauliflower plants, 9"¢ fectors of Atihat dataae =f h. s there are rows of tomato plants eX eee Aes anes ~ brinjal plan's o —; there are ~ rows ofta time starting from 1, Colour green. the numbers hese numbers are called the multiples of 3. Pe a: oN ere is no end to the \ multiples of a number. / nce ESS Write the numbers steps on. ese numbers are called the multiples of 4.UNDERSTANDING MULTIPLES When two or more numbers are multiplied, ana) the product is called the multiple ofeach = 3 * 9=a7 Man of the numbers being multiplied. San 05, Properties of multiples 4 > Every number is a multiple of 1. >» Every number is a multiple of itself. > The smallest (first) multiple of a number is the number itself, » Every multiple of a number is equal to or greater than the Dumber itseip > There is no largest multiple of a number as multiples are infinite, » A multiple of a number is divisible by the number. Finding multiples To find the multiples of a number, multiply it by 1, 2, 3, 4 and so on. EXAMPLE 1 Find the first 5 multiples of 9. | EXAMPLE 2 Is 25 a multiple of? 9x1=9 8 9x2=18 3/25 9x3=27 =24 9x 4= 36 1 9x 5=45 3 does not divide 25 e ANS. The first 5 multiples of 9 are ‘ANS. So, 25 is a 9, 18, 27, 36 and 45. multiple of 3._ poules Find the first 5 multiples of 4, axis4 4x3=n | 48cm HX2=8 | 4x gag | © Ads. The first 5 Multiples of 4 are 4, 8, PLE . Find the first 5 eve i EXAMPLE 4 a. i 'n multiples of 7, ». Find the first $ odd multiples of 3, a TX2=14 7 7xG=4 3 7x*10=70 TX4=28 | 7x R= 56 | (ANS. The first 5 even multiples of 7 are 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70, b 3x1=3 3x5=15 | 3x9 =27 3x3=9 | 3x7=21 ‘© ANS. The first 5 odd multiples of 3 are 3, 9, 15, 21 and 27, + 12, 16 and 20, The multiple of an even number is always Multiply an odd number by even) numbers to get eves ‘nates Multiply an odd number by odd nurabers to get odd NS multiples A. Busy Bee is collecting nectar third flow ing from 1, i ig from every third flower starti Col fu ge the flowers visited by the bee. Colour blue the other flowers. our oran; PRSRPAGa Mr BEPEEBEEBEBS 1 2 3 4 Tao 28 5 6 B. Find the first 3 multiples of tala 110 27 3. 11 " 4 C) 9 10 ol 12 6. 35 6 5. 20Cy. Write the first § multiples of 8 212 a 17 4. 26 8. 4 D. Write the first § odd multiples of Ns ws 21 3.19 4.31 5. 53 E. Write the first 5 even multiples of y go 2 16 3. 24 4.35 5. 48 F. Write the multiples of “a 1. 4 that are greater than 40 but less than 60. 2. 6 that are greater than 60 but less than 85, 3. 12 that are less than 60. 4. 15 that are less than 50. G. - Write T for True or F for False in _). 1. 27 is a multiple of 4. _) 2. 35 isa multiple of 5.) 3. 49 isa multiple of 7. _) 4. 94 isa multiple of 2.) 5. 86 is a multiple of 8. _) 6 99 is a multiple of 11. _) HOTS question a The number 1 less than the smallest 3-digit number is the largest 2-digit multiple of which of the following? Tick (VW) the correct options, 3@ 90 n©O 9) MATHS AND ENGLISH NuciiMeracrivry & Look at the word DICTIONARY and number the letters as shown: Gol fetr [a fotw[ate[y) 2{ TT Ty Pr Vivek has made a few words from the word DICTIONARY but some letters are missing. Read the clues and fill in the blanks to make meaningful words. — » _C ity (the missing letter is the smallest multiple of 3) > AC____ION (the missing letter is the second multiple of 2) > DIAR___ __ (the missing letter is the second multiple of 5) >» R___TION (the missing letter is the fourth multiple of 2)ammon multiples & y . ecall the numbers on which ge and jumped, ‘jumped on the multiples of 3: 3, 6,9, ®, 15 18, 21, @, 27, 30 y jumped on the multiples of 4: 4, 8, @, 16, 29 @, 2 je see that both of them jumped on 12 and 24, number that is a multiple of two or More numbers js call erefore, 12 and 24 are common multiples of 3 and 4, AMPLE S Find the common multiples of 3 and 5, The multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, ... The multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, ... ANS. The common multiples of 3 and S are 15, 30, ... led a common multiple. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY Look at the multiples of 2 and 3 on the number line and fill in the blanks. e iz 2 % Y 3 Multiples of 2: 2, 4, Multiples’ of 3:3;)— = 9 ae Common multiples of 2 and 3: ___, ___ EXERCISE 5.2 A. Look at the numbers given below. If it is a multiple of 3, tick (V) : \ the circle above it. If it is a multiple of 6, tick (V) the circle below it. “ee yor Now write the common multiples of 3 and 6.rr SS B. Write the first ten multiples of the following pairs of Aumbers t fi nd common multiples. ir 23 2. 5,10 34,6 43,9 57,8 C. Use the number line to find the common multiples of a 1244 b+ tt tt oo PaaS ete ew he hs ee ES 9 » 2. 6,3 t+—+++++ t T O12 3 4 5678 9H Nn RD 4s 16 7 a 3. 5,2 -++-++++ —+—+t o1 230405 6 7 8 9M Bodom bb 1B 9 » FACTORS When two or more numbers are multiplied the answer is called the Product, Each of the numbers being multiplied is called the factor of the product. 3x 7-8 (Sadr ae? Vieros! Sa ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY Properties of factors sate FO > 1 is a factor of all numbers. Kage » 1 is the smallest factor of a number. A that is, itself a >» A number is a factor of itself. Tr y » A number itself is the greatest factor of itself. » The factor of a number is smaller than or equal to the number. >» Every number (except 1) has at least two factors, that is, | and itself.CHECKPOINT! ENRICHMENT activity Fill in the blanks, a . 6X 7 = 42. Therefore the factors of 42 a . 13. 7 = 91. Therefore 13 and 7 are . The smallest factor of 12 is . 2 is a factor of all . —— has only one factor, 4 <8 = 32. Therefore 4and8 are factors of 2 re —___ and —— of 91, —— (even/odd) numbers. is the factor of all numbers. is the biggest factor of 27, a a ee Finding factors Using multiplication EXAMPLE 6 Find the factors of 18. EXAMPLE 7 Find the factors of 24. FACTORS OF 18 FACTORS OF 24 (1x 184 1x 244 2x9 12x12) 3x6 3x8 / v 4x? 4x6 | v 5x? _ (There is no number nie fe 2 Hsia ‘ ( which multiplying whial plying \ ? i by 4 gives 18. Evia Hele © ans. The factors of 18 are © ANS. The factors of 24 are MENTAL MATHS 6 pee | Find the factors of each of the following using multiplication. 10 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 18. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY. 2, 25 3. 36 4, 44 5. ao 6. 72Using division EXAMPLE 8 Find the factors of 18. 18+ 4), 18 5 6 4 remainder, ¢5°,° fis 21s 3fie fie et efector of ) =18 =18 =18 -16 _o 0 _) 2 ) © ANS. The factors of 18 are 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 18. % EXAMPLE 9 Find out if 4 is a factor of 48. 12 4}48 =4 | ‘When a number is divisible 03 by another number exactly 8 (without leaving a remainder), 0 the divisor is said to be a factor of the dividend, Ans. 48 is exactly divisible by 4, so 4 is a factor of 48. MENTAL MATHS ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY Divide and find out which of the following numbers are factors of 84, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 EXERCISE 5.3 A. The numbers in columns A and C are the factors of the numbers in column B. Match and colour the circles in the same colour. B Cc 2 i } et be ‘One has been done for you. @)od pind factors using multiplication, 5 2 16 a3 - . 4.36 pind factors using division, rit 6. 81 . 2/25 i. ‘” 5a 8. 56 6.93 Chock if the first number is a factor of the s : or cross out (XX) if not, econd number, Tick (VW) if yes 0 2. 8, 4. 5,8 0 8 140 _) 3. 10, 150 _) . 15, 180 _) Check if the second number is a factor of the first ic ore number. Tick (V) if yes p70 7% @ 313,12) 4. 2352, 6.) FACTORS OF 9 FACTORS OF 12 1x9 * pix ia V3x3 lax6 | v3x4 | The factors of 12 are 2, @, 4, 6 and 12. ANS. The common factors of 9 and 12 are | and 3. MPLE 11. Find the common factors of 18 and 27. FACTORS OF 18 FACTORS OF 27 1x 18% | 1x274 2x9 3x9) v 3x6 The factors of 18 are @, @ and 18 The factors of 27 are @), (@), @ and 27 conga ®ANs. Common factors of 18 and 27 are 1, 3 and 9. MATHS ONLINE For games that teach and build your multiples and factors concepts, Visit rsgrin/nm-4, Click on LINK 9 under Number Magic 4.