Topic 1: relationships

1. The important qualities of an ideal parent: responsibility, sympathy, tolerant, patient

RESPONSIBILITY: Responsibility is one of the essential aspects of parents. This means that
Responsible parents act as role models, teaching their children important life values such as
making decisions and facing the consequences of their choices. By fostering responsibility, they
help shape their children into responsible and independent individuals.
SYMPATHY: the sympathy of parents plays a significant role in children’s growth. When parents
show interest and understanding, children feel valued, supported and are willing to express
their emotions, desires, and concerns openly. This emotional security helps them develop self-
confidence and is motivation for them to handle difficulties.
TOLERANCE: parents' tolerance helps their children reliaze their values. tolerance doesn't mean
covering up for children's misbehavior. Parents will guide their children to recognize and learn
from their mistakes. this aspect also teaches children the values of forgiveness and second
chances, developing empathy, self-awareness, and a willingness to improve themselves.
PATIENCE; patience is the key quality of an ideal parent. Parenting comes with challenges, from
healthy care, educating children to dealing with the stages of children's emotional development.
Parents must patiently accompany them step by step. This not only strengthens the parent-child
bond but also teaches children the value of perseverance, emotional regulation, and empathy in
their own lives.
Despite its many difficulties, parenthood also brings great joy and meaning.

2. How to make friends: join social event, form interest based group, attend parties
JOIN SOCIAL EVENT: individuals can attend community gatherings, workshops, or networking
events. public events usually attract many age levels and diverse backgrounds people, so the
opportunities to interact with others are higher, and maybe they find friends who match them.
FORM INTEREST BASED GROUP: Hobbies help people meet new friends and build connections.
Participating in clubs, book readings, or volunteer activities and more, people can connect with
others who share hobbies, making interactions easier in everyday life.
ATTEND PARTIES: social gatherings, house parties, or celebrations provide a relaxed
environment for meeting new people. These events encourage casual conversations and fun
interactions, making it easier to build friendships naturally.
PART-TIME JOB: as a student, beyond having friends at school, to open up friendship, a part-
time job helps me make new friends. Jobs in cafés, retail stores, or tutoring centers introduce
me to coworkers and customers from different backgrounds. Sharing responsibilities and
experiences at work can help build strong connections and friendships over time.

Topic 2: health

1. Coping with stress: healthy lifestyle, positive thinking, social engagement

HEALTHY LIFESTYLE: Creating a healthy lifestyle has a significant role in addressing stress. for
example, many people spend a lot of time pursuing their careers and forget to take care of
 thémselves, leading to a loss of balance between work and life. therefore, Exercise regularly, Eat
a balanced diet or Prioritize sleep helps people stay mentally and physically refreshed.
POSITIVE THINKING: PRACTISING positive thinking can help people avoid stress. instead of
overthinking about problems, people can focus on solutions to maintain a positive mindset.
Besides, relaxing and not care about the result can help people overcome easier.
SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT: social engagement is a way to relieve stress. Spending time with family
and friends to share and get advice allows people to strengthen emotions and motivation.
Joining clubs, activities, or social groups helps to reduce anxiety and build resilience.
PLAYING SPORTS: playing sports can reduce stress efficiently.Focusing on physical activities
helps people avoid overthink and clear theirs minds, allowing them to escape daily pressures.
Physical exercise releases endorphins, which improve mood and reduce anxiety. As a result,
individuals can feel happy, cheerful and comfortable when playing sports

2. The benefits of playing sports: keeping fit, developing team spirit, reducing stress
KEEPING FIT: sports help guys keep fit. although there are many kinds of sports, from low-
impact like individual sports to high-impact such as extreme sports, team sports or water sports,
most burn a huge amount of energy. when playing sports, people can consume calories,
increase muscle activity, thereby shaping a fit.
REDUCING STRESS: playing sports is a good way to reduce stress. Focusing on physical activities
helps people avoid overthink and clear their minds, allowing them to escape daily pressures.
Physical exercise releases endorphins, which improve mood and reduce anxiety. As a result,
people can feel happy, cheerful and comfortable when playing sports
DEVELOPING TEAM SPIRIT: developing team spirit is another benefit of playing sports. Some
sports requiring coordination offer an opportunity to interact with teammates, and opponents,
develop communication, cooperation, and conflict-resolution skills. This advantage is essential
not only in sports but also in everyday life and professional environments.
CREATING HOBBIES: Engaging in sports also creates exciting hobbies. Whether it’s playing
football, swimming, or practicing karate, sports provide a fulfilling way to spend free time while
staying active and healthy. sports allow individuals to explore their passion, develop new skills,
and find enjoyment in physical activities.

Topic 3: media

1. Bad impact of tv on children: poor eyes sight, violent behavious, physical laziness
POOR EYE SIGHT: tv causes kids poor eyesight. nowadays, children spend a lot of time on the
screen rather than going out. so, Prolonged screen exposure can lead to eye strain, dryness, and
even myopia (nearsightedness).
VIOLENT BEHAVIORS: Watching bad content on TV can influence children's behavior. when
violent content is pervasive on TV and parents can't control it, it makes kids more violent,
affecting their emotional development and how they handle conflicts in real life.
 PHYSICAL LAZINESS: Spending too much time watching TV reduces opportunities for physical
activity. Instead of playing outside, exercising, or engaging in hobbies, children may develop a
sedentary lifestyle, increasing the risk of obesity and related health issues.
LIMITING ABILITY TO FOCUS: the significant impact of tv on children is limiting their ability to
focus. excessive screen time and fast-paced shows can shorten attention spans and make it
harder for children to concentrate on tasks like studying or reading. Over time, this can affect
their academic performance and problem-solving skills and difficult for children to engage in
deep thinking

2. Going to the cinema is an exciting activity for young people: be an opportunity to socialize,
bring moments of relaxation, provide knowledge of various fields
BE AN OPPORTUNITY TO SOCIALIZE: Watching movies in the cinema allows young people to
spend time with friends, family, or partners. It creates a shared experience that encourages
discussion, bonding, and social interaction, helping to strengthen relationships and social well-
being.
BRING MOMENTS OF RELAXATION: The cinema provides an escape from daily stress and school
pressures. Immersing in a good movie with captivating visuals and sound helps young people
unwind, enjoy the moment, and refresh their minds.
PROVIDE KNOWLEDGE OF VARIOUS FIELDS: Movies cover diverse topics, from history and
science to culture and human emotions. Watching different genres can expand young people's
understanding of the world, spark curiosity, and inspire new ideas or interests.
A TREND: Going to the Cinema is A Trend That Keeps Up with Modern Lifestyles. Despite the rise
of streaming services, the cinema experience continues to attract audiences with its unique
appeal, with Cutting-Edge Technology – IMAX, 4DX, and high-quality sound systems. moreover,
Many blockbuster films are first released in theaters, attracting fans who want to experience the
excitement before they become available on streaming platforms.

Topic 4: hobby

1. Everyone needs to take up a hobby: releave stress, social interaction, educational

opportunities, career opportunities
RELEAVE STRESS: Engaging in a hobby helps people relax and unwind, reducing anxiety and
mental fatigue. Some activities like painting, gardening, or playing music improve mental well-
being, as well as Physical hobbies such as sports, yoga, or dancing release endorphins, which
improve mood and reduce stress.
SOCIAL INTERACTION: Hobbies help people meet new friends and build connections. Group
activities like sports, book clubs, or gaming create opportunities for teamwork and
communication. So people can improve confidence and make interaction easier in everyday life.
EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES: Activities like learning a language, reading, and playing
instruments help people learn new skills, increase knowledge in various areas, and coding, first
aid or cooking develop useful life skills. Continuous learning through hobbies keeps the brain
active and improves critical thinking and creativity.
 Career opportunities: Hobbies can turn into profitable careers or side businesses. Many
successful artists started their careers based on personal interests. With passion, people can
turn their hobbies into jobs that bring income for themselves.

2. People change their hobbies over time: trend, living standard, age, weather
TREND: People often follow current trends when choosing hobbies. When friends and celebrities
introduce exciting interests, people are influenced and gradually learn about new things and no
longer do old hobbies.
LIVING STANDARD: As people earn more money, they can afford more expensive hobbies like
traveling, golfing, or buying technology. On the other hand, financial struggles or unemployment
may force people to choose low-cost hobbies like reading, jogging, or DIY crafts.
AGE: young people are often energetic and active, they may enjoy extreme sports but as people
grow older, their interests and physical capabilities can change. When age changes, characters
also change, making old hobbies may lose appeal.
WEATHER CONDITIONS: Climate affects the types of hobbies people can pursue. In the rainy
season, people may prefer indoor hobbies like painting, gaming, or knitting. but, when sunny
days come, people switch to outdoor activities like surfing, hiking, or swimming. Seasonal
changes can also lead to temporary hobby shifts.

topic 5: technology

1. The internet has made our lives better: researching, entertaining, communication
RESEARCHING: I’d like to mention that the internet has its role in research. The internet serves
as an unlimited source of knowledge on almost any topic, enabling students, professionals and
researchers to access a wealth of information within seconds. Unlike traditional methods of
research that require physical books or going to libraries, searching online makes research faster
and efficient.
ENTERTAINING; What’s more, the internet offers various entertainment options. For example,
people can read online newspapers, watch movies, play online games, and more through social
media, streaming, and gaming platforms. So, the internet ensures that people can enjoy their
leisure time in a way that suits their interests.
COMMUNICATING: additionally, communication is one of the key advantages of the internet.
Through email, messaging apps, video calls and social media platforms like fb, twitter, people
can stay in touch with family and friends, build online communities, Online cooperation with
partners. As a result, individuals can communicate quickly and affordably with others in the
world.
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY: I’d like to highlight that the internet has also enhanced economic
opportunities. E-commerce platforms like shopee or lazada make it easier for business to reach
customers and for customers to access a wide range of products and sevices. Besides, the
internet has enabled remote work, allowing businesses to tap into a global talent pool and
reducing the need for physical office spaces.
 As technology continues to evolve, the internet will bring even more benefits, futher enhancing
our life quality.

2. Computer have negative effects on our life: unemployment, health, relationship

UNEMPLOYMENT: I’d like to mention that comptures significantly effect employment.
Nowadays, the economy is moving toward automation. So, many jobs have been replaced by
computers and AI, leading to unemployment in some industries.
HEALTH: what’s more, computers have a negative impact on overall well-being. In fact, long
hours at a computer can cause eye strain, back pain, and obesity. Besides, it can contribute to
bad-tempered, insomnia and even addiction.
RELATIONSHIP: additionally, computers aslo cause problems in individual relationships. Due to
spending a lot of time on screen, people have less face to face interaction and engage less in real
conversations. As a result, some may struggle with communication skills and some relationships
may be distant.
DISTRACTION: I’d like to highlight that computers can offer many distractions. People often start
using a computer for work or study but get sidetracked by social media, online games. This
reduces productivity and leads to procrastination, which affects efficiency.
In short, to minimize the harmful effects of computers, people should form healthy computer
usage habits.

3. Bad effects of technology: physical laziness, dependence on machine, unemployment

PHYSICAL LAZINESS: technology makes people physically lazy. for example, people tend to use
cars, escalators or elevators, which limits walking and physical activities. OR the attractiveness of
some devices like TV, smartphones or computers leads fewer people to engage in outdoor
activities. as a result, many younger people have health issues like obesity and weak muscles.
DEPENDENCE ON MACHINE: people are becoming more dependent on machines. With smart
home devices, adults no longer need to do household chores, while kids rely on Google and AI
to do homework. this convenience causes humans to lose Practical Skills, reduce thinking and
Problem-Solving Skills
UNEMPLOYMENT: Technology has negative impacts on the labor market when the rate of
unemployment is increasing. Many jobs are replaced by machines and AI, leading to job losses in
industries like customer service, transportation, and manufacturing. Businesses are adopting AI-
powered solutions, making human workers less necessary in many sectors.
ENVIRONMENT: technology also contributes to environmental pollution. In fact, Factories
producing tech devices emit large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Oil
spills and chemical leaks from industrial technology harm marine life and contaminate drinking
water. especially, e-waste takes up landfills, harming ecosystems.

Topic 6: transport

1. Transport problems: parking, traffic jams, public transport

 PARKING; parking difficulties pose a major challenge. In urban areas, finding a parking spot can
be a nightmare due to the shortage of avilabale spaces. This forces drivers to spend much time
searching for parking or parking illegally. As a result, this issue contributes to traffic slowdowns
and conflict between drivers.
TRAFFIC JAMS: major cities such as hn and hcm city suffer from increasing severe traffic
congestion, especially during rush hours. With the rising number of private vehicles on the
roads, making this situation worse. Therefore, traffic jams not only waste time but aslo increase
fuel consumption and contributes to stress levels in drivers.
PUBLIC TRANSPORT: another problem is the inefficiency of public mass. Although public
transports should be considered as a solution to tackle the transport problems, these systems
often strugggle with outdated infrastructure, overcrowding and not enough routes to serve
commuters. So many prefer use personal vehicles, futher worsening congestion
TRAFFIC ACCIDENT: many drivers fail to follow traffic signals, speed limits, leading to dangerous
situations on the road. Besides, poor road conditions and inadequate enforcement of traffic law
contribute to high accident rate. As a result, countless lives are lost, injuries occur frequently
and the burden on healthcare systems and the economy.

2. Solutions to transport problems: build more roads, build underground train lines, introduce
tough environmental laws
BUILD MORE ROADS: Expanding road networks can ease congestion, allowing vehicles to move
more efficiently. new and better roads promote urban expansion and improve accessibility to
remote areas.
BUILD UNDERGROUND TRAIN LINES: Subways and metro systems provide an alternative to cars
and motorbikes. Unlike roads, underground trains do not take up valuable surface land. Trains
produce less pollution compared to petrol vehicles
INTRODUCE TOUGH ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS: for example, Baning on old, high-emission vehicles
in city centers. Laws can limit vehicle emissions and promote electric cars. this can prevent air
pollution that harms human health.
IMPLEMENTING SMART TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT: with the development of technology, AI-driven
traffic control systems and some technology like CCTV, speed detectors can adjust signals based
on real-time conditions. besides, smart sensors and cameras to monitor road conditions and
accidents help rescue workers arrive at the scene in time.

Topic 7: environments

1. Actions to save our planet: use public transport, plant trees, recycle things
USING PUBLIC TRANSPORT: instead of private vehicle reduce air pollution and save fuel
Mke city greener cleaner, decrease gas emission contribute to global warming.
PLANT TREES: trees release o2 and absorb carbondioxide, improving air quality and regulates
temperature. Trees also prevent soil erosion and contribute to heathier ecosystems.
 RECYCLE THINGS; every year, tons of waste are released into the environment. By recycling
some things like papers, bottles, and cans, people can reduce the amount of garbage and save
landfills. this also promote sustainable consumption
INVESTING IN RENEWABLE ENERGY: minimize dependence on fossil fuels. Encouraging people to
use clean energy solution and promote a more sustainable future.

2. Water polution: damage people’s health, cause harm to the environment and endanger
animals and plants, hurt tourism industry, agriculture
DAMAGE PEOPLE’S HEALTH: Contaminated water carries industrial waste, pesticides, and heavy
metals, which can cause cancer, organ damage, and developmental disorders. For example, in
some industrial areas, polluted drinking water causes increasing hospitalizations and mortality
rates due to poisoning
CAUSE HARM TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND DANGER ANIMAL AND PLANTS: Oil spills and
industrial waste poison rivers, lakes, and oceans, which kills fish and other marine life. Every
year, tons of plastic waste are released into the environment, leading to animals ingesting
harmful materials or getting trapped.
HURT TOURISM INDUSTRY: Polluted beaches, rivers, and lakes drive tourists away, damage the
reputation of tourist destinations, causing economic losses for local businesses. Bad water
quality makes water activities unsafe for tourists
AGRICULTURE: Farmers rely on clean water for irrigation, but polluted water can reduce crop
yields. Toxic chemicals in water can contaminate soil and food, making them unsafe for
consumption.

Topic 8: studies- works

1. Factors to consider when choosing a job: interest, pay, working environment, competence
INTEREST; feel happy cheerful, comfortable at workplace/ is motivation for them to hard
working and increase the productivity
PAY: another motivaton to effort/ good salaries ensure comfortable life, can invest in
themselves and their goals.
WORKING ENVIRONMENT: feel safe to work/ enjoy work and perform better
STABLE CAREER PROSPECT: offer greater security about sudden unemployment/ less
competition and more opportunities for development

2. Students should not do part time job: badly paid, affect student’s health, reduce time for
homework,
PAY: Most part-time jobs offer low wages, making it hard for students to save money or support
themselves. Some employers take advantage of students by giving them long hours and heavy
workloads without fair compensation.
HEALTH: Balancing work and studies can lead to stress and fatigue, affecting a student's physical
and mental health. Physically demanding jobs can result in back pain, headaches, or exhaustion,
leading to poor concentration in class.
 TIME FOR HOMEWORK: Part-time jobs take away valuable study time, making it difficult for
students to complete assignments. Less study time can result in poor grades and academic
failure.
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: Students may have less time to participate in extracurricular
activities, which are important for personal growth. Students may miss out on important college
experiences, such as clubs, sports, or social events. Lack of free time can lead to burnout and a
lack of motivation for both work and studies.
3. Advantage part time job: experience, income, skills, relationship
EXPERIENCE: Provides real-world work experience, which helps students prepare for future
careers. Helps develop problem-solving and time management skills. Gives students a
competitive edge when applying for full-time jobs after graduation.
INCOME: A student working as a tutor can earn extra income while reinforcing their own
knowledge. ALTHOUGH THIS IS A SMALL INCOME, Helps students cover daily expenses such as
food, transportation, and study materials. Reduces financial burden on parents.
SKILLS; Part-time jobs help students develop communication, teamwork, and leadership
skills./Working under pressure improves time management and responsibility./Helps students
become independent and self-reliant.
RELATIONSHIP: Students meet new people, build relationships, and create future career
connections. Networking with colleagues and supervisors can lead to job opportunities after
graduation.
4. Studying a university is the only way to success: earning a degree, gaining knowledge, improve
skill, professtional career opportuinities
DEGREE: A university degree is often required for high-paying jobs and professional
career/Many employers prefer candidates with higher education qualifications./A degree
improves job security and career stability./Example: Doctors, engineers, and lawyers need
degrees to work
KNOWLEDGE: University provides in-depth knowledge in a chosen field./Students gain critical
thinking and problem-solving skills./Education at university encourages innovation and research.
SKILLS: University life helps students develop soft skills such as communication, teamwork, and
leadership./Students learn time management, adaptability, and independence./Many
universities offer internships and practical training to enhance skills.
Professional Career Opportunities: A university degree increases job prospects and earning
potential./Graduates have access to higher-level job positions and career growth./University
education provides networking opportunities with professors and industry professionals.

Topic 9: animal

1. Keeping animals in zoos: education, entertainment, scientific research, contribute to

conservation
EDUCATION: Zoos help people learn about animals, especially endangered species./They teach
visitors about wildlife conservation and ecosystems./School trips to zoos give students a hands-
on learning experience about animal behavior and habitats.
 RESEARCH: Scientists study animals in zoos to understand their behavior, reproduction, and
health./Research in zoos helps in disease prevention and animal care./Some zoos partner with
universities for wildlife conservation projects.
ENTERTAINMENT: Zoos offer family-friendly entertainment, attracting tourists and locals./They
provide a safe way for people to see wild animals up close./Many zoos organize interactive
programs, such as feeding sessions and animal shows.
CONSERVATION: Zoos protect endangered species from extinction./They have breeding
programs to increase animal populations./Many zoos rescue injured or orphaned animals that
cannot survive in the wild.

2. Animals should not be kept in zoos: losing freedom, losing natural habits, being badly-treated,
poor natural ecosystem
LOSING FREEDOM; Animals in zoos live in cages or enclosures, far from their natural
habitat./Many animals experience stress and depression due to lack of space and
freedom./Even large enclosures cannot fully replicate the wild environment.
HABITS: Animals lose survival skills because they depend on humans for food and care./Captivity
reduces their ability to hunt, migrate, or interact as they would in nature./Some species may
develop abnormal behaviors, such as pacing, biting cages, or self-harm.
BADLY-TREATED: Some zoos neglect, abuse animals, keeping them in poor
conditions.Underfunded zoos may lack proper food, medical care, or space for animals./Some
zoos use cruel training methods for animal performances.
POOR ECOSYSTEM: Keeping animals in zoos disrupts the natural food chain and
ecosystem./Breeding programs may weaken genetic diversity, making species less
adaptable./Animals raised in zoos may not survive if reintroduced into the wild.

3. Keeping wild animals in zoos is cruel: relying on human, badly treated, no freedom, losing
natural habits.
RELYING ON HUMAN: In the wild, animals hunt, migrate, and find shelter on their own./In zoos,
they rely on humans for food, medical care, and safety, which weakens their survival instincts./If
released into the wild, many zoo animals struggle to survive because they lack the skills needed
to fend for themselves.

4. Eliminate cruelty to animals: report animal cruelty, impose stricters law for animal abuse
REPORT: Reporting cruelty helps authorities rescue abused animals and punish
offenders./Schools and communities should raise awareness about recognizing signs of animal
cruelty and encouraging people to take action.
LAW: Governments should enforce harsher penalties for animal cruelty, such as higher fines and
longer prison sentences./Stricter laws can prevent abuse in industries like farming,
entertainment, and pet breeding./Regular inspections should be conducted to ensure zoos,
farms, and pet shops follow ethical treatment standards.
Support Animal Welfare Organizations: Donate to or volunteer at animal rescue centers, wildlife
conservation groups, and shelters./These organizations provide medical care, food, and safe
 environments for abused or abandoned animals./Raising awareness through social media and
campaigns can help spread the message of animal protection.

5. Keepinng a pet teaches you many interesting things: love of animals, care for others,
responsibility,
LOVE: Having a pet helps people develop empathy and compassion for animals./Pet owners
learn to understand animal emotions and behaviors./People become more aware of the
importance of protecting all animals, not just their pets.
CARE: Pets rely on their owners for food, shelter, and affection, teaching responsibility and
kindness./Taking care of a pet improves nurturing skills, which can also apply to relationships
with family and friends.
RESPONSIBILITY: Owning a pet teaches time management and self-discipline, as pets need
regular feeding, exercise, and medical care./It encourages long-term commitment, as pets
require care for many years./Learning to be responsible for a pet prepares individuals for other
responsibilities in life, such as raising children or managing a job.
Understanding Life and Death :Having a pet teaches people about the natural cycle of
life./When pets get sick or grow old, owners learn about loss, grief, and cherishing
moments./This lesson helps people develop emotional strength and resilience.