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 1921. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY. 51 1 100. Dentes duales — (Avic.) dentes incisivi
interni. A. taniyya KaJo q. v. hoi. -»- genuini — »the two first molar
teeth « (Hyrtl). 1 102. -»- maxillares — dentes molares, the molar
teeth. 1 103. -»- nanged — dentes serotini, the wisdom teeth. 1
104. -»- quadrupli — dentes incisivi externi, A.: rabaciyya iUcG..
Sudh. Anat. 41: »Rasys (= Razes, ar-Razi) in unaquaque autem
mandibula dentes sunt xvj quorum duo dicuntur inscisores . et duo
qui istos utrinque sequuntur quadrupli vocantur rasys.« 1 105. -»-
risorii — 1. dentes incisivi; 2. dentes canini. 1 1 06. -»- sensus et
intellectus — dentes serotini, the wisdom teeth. 1 107. -»- serotini —
see »dentes sapientiae«, »d. cayseles, »d. nanged«, »d. alhalm«.
U08. -»- sophronisteres — see »sophronisteres«. 1 109. -»- stultitiae
— the teeth, except the dentes sapientiae. 1 1 10. Derezan — A.:
darzan qU;o (dual, of darz i.o suture?). Cfr. »derezi«. mi. Derezi —
Avic. (A. B.): » . . et suun idem sunt et significant commissuram,
inde derezan, et medaruzan, quae sunt idem, et interpretatur
commissuralis.« 1 1 12. Destructum — (Avic. De anat. spatulae) see
»alacharum«; the coracoid process. Cfr. A. : al-akhram *jS>$\ (=
processus coracoideus). The name »destructum« may refer to the
Arabic verb »kharam(a)« *y> = to cut off, to slit (f. i. lip, nose, ear),
the fifth form of which is »takharram(a)« = destruere. 1 1 13.
Diaphragma — diaphragma, the diaphragm. Also: membrana
tympani, and septum nasi. 1 1 14. -»- oris — palatum molle, the soft
palate. 1 1 15. Diasalgma 1 1 16. Diasgramation 1 1 17. Didymi — 1.
testiculi, the testicles; 2. the inferior pair of the corpora
quadrigemina; 3. hypothetical elongations of the peritoneum into the
scrotum (Hyrtl). 1 1 18. Digitus annularis — 1. digitus quartus, the
annular or ring-finger; 2. the fourth toe. 1 1 19. -»- auricularis —
digitus minimus, the little finger. 1 120. -»- cordis — the annular
finger. 1 121. -»- impudicus — digitus tertius, the middle finger
(digitus medius). 1 122. -»- infamis — id. \ — diaphragma, the
diaphragm.
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52 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1 123. Digitus medicus — digitus

quartus, the annular finger. G. laxgiy.bg. 1 124. -»- medius — (Avic.)
1. digitus tertius, the middle finger; 2. the third toe. 1 125. -»-
minimus (pedis) — (Avic.) the little toe. 1 126. -»- obscoenus ^ } —
digitus tertius, the middle finger. 1127. -»- verpus ) o oc J 5 1128.
Dilc «.Lis, plur. adla e^l/^i and dulu fj^o A. — 1. rib, costa; 2. cornu
of the hyoid bone; 3. border of the scapula; 4. branch of a cranial
suture. G. izlevga, rib, border. 1129. ad-Dilc al-asfal (as-suflani) min
al-azm ash-shabih bil-lam «jbtoii *^IJ|j a^&JI ph*l\ 0* (^JbUlljf)
J,al^5 A. — see »ad-dilc al-munkhafid«. 1 130. Adla azm al-katif (or
al-katf) v_ ra£SS *£zc p.^*o\ A. — borders of the scapula. G.
Ttkevgal xrjg w/ii07tXaTr]g. 1 131. Dil a ad-darz ash-shabih bil-lam
^iL ^>.Ai! -^\ IxUo A. — the branches of the lambdoid suture. G.
TtXevgal rijg ka/ii(3do£Ldovg gacprjg. ir32. ad-Dilc al-fawqani min
al-azm ash-shabih bil-lam ^a '^s6\ «XoaJi *^LJLi &aa*wJ! Jaxj\ A.
— see »ad-dilc al mushrif«. 1 133. Dilca al-ghudnif al-awwal j^i
^J^-Aniii uxLto A. — the (vertical) ' borders of the thyroid cartilage.
1 134. al-Adlac al-kadiba <5oJ>w5ol c^l^^i A. — costae spurise,
the false or asternal ribs. t 1 135. Adla al-khilf ^*JL>i e"bLtoi A. —
costae spuriae, the false ribs. G. vb&ai TtXevoal. 1 136. al-Adlac al-
khullas ^alii eXaiSJI A. — the true or sternal ribs, costae verae.
((jdl:>, plur. of khalis j*aJli> = pure; entire). 1137. ad-Dif al-
munkhafid min adlac al-cazm al-lami --a jaa^utl «JLaJ! -a^\ {Jaxl\
c^lxo! A. — cornu majus ossis hyoidei, the great cornu of the hyoid
bone. 1 138. -»- al-munkhafid min al azm ash-shabih bil-lam ^aJ^Uf
«JUsJi i»^UIj *aa.£JI
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192 1. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL

TERMINOLOGY. 53 J\ 1 139. ad-Dilc al-muntasib min al-azm ash-
shabih bil-lam .yo wwA&&Ui «JLai °~ *^LSij \x>.^il *Jo*JJ A. — see
»ad-dil al-mushrif«. 1 140. -»- al-mushrif min al-azm ash-shabih bil-
lam .--o lJj^U «Xoa-t j»X'L) iuu*wJt ^JixJi A. — cornu minus ossis
hyoidei, the small cornu of the hyoid bone. G. f] avco itlevQa too
la/ufidoecdovg borov. 0 c 1 141. al-Adla as-sadiqa &3,>l*2JI cbl^^M
A. — costae verae, the true or sternal ribs. 1 142. Adlac as-sadr
.jsJaJi £k*o\ A. — costae verae, the sternal ribs. 1 143. -»- az-ziir
.^Ji e^l/tol A. — costae spuriae, the false ribs. G. TtXevgccl vod-ai.
1 144. Dimagh cU> A. — brain (cerebrum + cerebellum). 1145. ad-
Dimagh al-khalfani ilaL>i eUjJt A. — see »ad-dimagh almu akhkhar
«. 1 146. -»- al-mu akhkhar .r>jii cUjJt A. — the cerebellum. G.
oitiO&iov eyyJcfakov; 7taQ€y/.€(paXlg. 1147. Dimagh mu akhkhar
ar-ra's (jJJi p*** p^ A. — see »ad-dimagh al-mu' akhkhar«. 1 148.
ad-Dimagh al-muqaddam ..Afiii eloAii A. — cerebellum. G. tcqog&iov
eyAECpaXov. 1 149. Dindimus — (Mundin.) = »didymus« (?) q. v. 1
1 50. Dira cU3, plur. adru c .oi and dur an ,-jL&,-3 A. —
antibrachium, the forearm. G. 7trj%vg. 1 151. Direzan — suturae,
sutures. From A.: darz *.0>. 1 152. Diribitorium — i. mediastinum;
2. diaphragma, the diaphragm. o or 1 153. Dirs {jN{jof plur. adras
^Jyto! A. — molar tooth; bicuspid tooth. al-adras ^j^S = dentes
molares (et praemolares), the molar (+ bicuspid) teeth. G. yOf.icpLot
odovrsg; (.ivXai. 1 154. ad-Dirsan al-aqsayan ...Luo2ftM ...Lw.^it A.
— »the two last molar teeth« (Koning). 1 155. Discerniculum — linea
alba. 1 156. Discretorium ^ ~. ) — 1. mediastinum; 2. diaphragma,
the diaphragm. 1 157. Discnmen J K & r &
 54 A FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1 158. Disseptum — 1. pleura
mediastinalis; 2. septum nasi. 1 159. Distributorium — 1.
mediastinum; 2. diaphragma, the diaphragm. 1 160. Ditellus —
axiila. 1 161. Divinum oculi — the lens. r 162. Domesticus —
internal, medial. A. insi e»*j\ . 1 163. Dorem — see »adorem«
(suture). 1 164. Dorsum — Avic. annotat: »Dorsum proprie ea est
pars spinae (i.e. the vertebral column) quae collo coniungitur & ad
lumbos definit duodecim vertebris constans . . . tamen pro tota spina
sumitur, ex collo, dorso, lumbis, & osse magno (i. e. the os sacrum)
constituta.« 1 165. Duales — see »dentes duales«. 1 166. Dubr _»j
A. — 1. anus; 2. the back. G. sdoa, anus. 1 167. Ductores urinae —
ureteres. 1 168. Ductus deferentes — (vasa deferentia,) ductus
deferentes. j 169. Diida sj>^j> A. — vermis cerebelli, the vermis,
worm (or vermiform process) of the cerebellum. G. anbcpvoiq
oxwlr]xo£Ldrjq. 1:70. Duodenum — (Avic). 1171. Duo limites ^ —
the two »concavitates« in the »vacuitas adiutorij 1 172. Duo oculi J
superior« (see Avic. De anat. adiutorij). The radial fossa and the
coronoid fossa. — See Koning, page 497: »Ms. ^jaaa.ac (c
atabatayn). Le texte imprime a l^y-^ (l aynayn)'. les deux yeux.
'Vetus interpres vertit: duos limites, Bellunensis: duos oculos. Neuter
recte, Arabice est atabatin [atabatayn] quod idem est ac duae
bathmides sive postes [limina]' (Plempius o. c. I 41 schol.).« 1 173.
ad-Duqaq ^SjJI A. — the small intestine. 1 1 74. Dura mater
medullae spinalis — Sudh. Chir. II, 369: »Medullaris substancia-. Hec
habet suam piam matrem et suam duram matrem sicut et cerebrum
. . « 11 75- Dyablus — arcus aortae. E. 1 176. Eacbeca — see
»racheta«. 1 177. Edarion — tunica vaginalis communis (?) 1 1 78.
Egena — Avic. (A. E.): ».. est vas rotundum, et est locus apud
extremitatem oculi. « 1 1 79. Elacoidea — allantois.
 I92I. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY. 55 I l8o. Il8l. I l82. I 183. I 184. 1185. 1186. 1 187.
1 188. 1 189. 1 190. 1191. 1 192. 1 1 931 194 1 195 1 196 1197 1
198 — infundibulum. 1 199. Elamides — »eilamides«, eikajiudsg =
meninges (Castelli). Pia mater (Benedictus). Embotum cerebri
Embotus Embuba — Avic. (A. B.): » . . id est cannula. « See
»canulla«, clitoris. Eminentiae magnae cerebri — thalami optici.
Emontoria ^ — 1. ureteres; 2. »emunctoria axillaria«, the
lymEmunctoria I phatic glands in the axilla; 3. »emunctoria
inguinum«, the lymphatic glands in the inguina; 4. »emunctoria ad
aures from ,:^U:> = a dagger (cfr. £icpO£idr]q, xiphoideus).
Epiglottis — larynx. Avic. De anat. laryngis, seu epiglottidis:
«Epiglottis est membrum cartilaginosum, creatum, ut vocis sit
instrumentum: quod quidem ex tribus compositum est
cartilaginibus.«
 56 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1200. Epiglotum — epiglottis.
1201. Epinotium — scapula or shoulder blade. 1 202. Epiplex —
Mundinus 3V: »ipiplex .i. zirbus.« The omentum. 1203. Epistrophea
— (Benedictus), see »vertebra epistrophea«. The atlas. 1204.
Epistropheus — the atlas. 1205. Epithymum — vide s. v. »hasce«.
1206. Epomis — Valla: »bracchii extremum humeri caput, & epomis
appellators Castelli: »i-7ttoulg, dicitur superior humeri pars, quae
superiecta est humeri articulo cum bracchio, Superhumerale«. Hyrtl:
the deltoid muscle. 1207. Ercosis — »kercosis«, clitoris. 1208.
Ethmus — »narium interseptum«, septum nasi. 1209. Etrum —
Valla: abdomen »sub umbilico ad pudenda«. 1210. Eucharus — 1.
pancreas; 2. mesenterium, mesentery. 121 1. Evacuatorium seminis
— ductus (vas) deferens. 12 1 2. Evagaidos — humor aqueus, the
aqueous humor (of the eye). 1213. Excrescentia palati glandosa —
the uvula. 1 214. Exortus unguis — lunula unguis. 1215. Exosculatio
— anastomosis. 1216. Expulsorium seminis — ductus (vas) deferens.
1217. Extale — intestinum rectum. 1218. Exterior membrana
calvariae — pericranium. 1219. Extremitas — limb. 1220. Extremitas
cartilaginosa costae — (Avic). 1 221. Extremitates gibbosae hepatis
— (Avic.) lobes (?) of the liver. 1222. Extremitas occipicii — Sudh.
Chir. II, 324 Reg.: »ubi collum coniungitur capiti.« F. 1223. Faba —
virginal mamma. 1224. Fada' ^Lns A. — perineum. 1225. -»- as-sadr
.)- al-asfal Joi^f ^pJI A. — mandibula.
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I92I. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL

TERMINOLOGY. 57 I23O. I23I. 1232. 1233I234!2351236. 1237.
1238. 1239. 1240. 1 24 1. 1242. !2431244. 12451246. 1247. 1248
1249 1250 1251 1252 J253 I254 Fakhid i\^ (or fakhd iXsi) A. —
femur, the thigh. al-Afkhad oLs?^! (plur. of fakhid) A. — «the glutei*
(of the brain). G. xa ylovra, corpora quadrigemina anteriora. Falas
u^^ls A. allantois. See »las« ,j*^ A. and »bilas« (j//^b A. Falkat ar-
rukba &a5" JJ XXJls A. — the patella, rotula or knee-pan. Fam *i A.
— orifice (f. i. between the intestinum ileum and ccecum). -»- al-
hanjara 8-^U^) *i A. — the superior aperture of the larynx. G. to
(avco) gtoulov tov Xagvyyog. -»- al-macida b't\*ii *S A. — cardia. G.
Gro/ua rrjg yaGrgog. -»- al-matana xiLUl *i A. — the vesical orifice
of the urethra, orificium internum (sive vesicale) urethrae, the
internal urethral orifice; the orifice of the bladder. -»- ar-rahim *>Jt
*i A. — orificium externum uteri (external os uteri). G. Gx6f.ia twv
[trjTQtov; rcogog, gto/mov rrjg vGxegag. Faqara B.Las, plur. faqar
.Lai A. — vertebra. G. Ortovdvlog. See also »fiqra« A.; and »fuqra«
A. vertebrae cervicales, the cervical Faqra gyis A. 0 •> Faqar al- unq
oU*M \& A. vertebrae. Faringa 1 „ . } — pharynx, ranx J Fari _ .1 A.
— vulva. Farj ad-dakar ^jTlXJI -^jA. — penis, membrum virile. G.
avdgeiov aidoiov; avdgtov aidoiov. Farj al-inat c^Li^i _iA. — vulva;
vulva incl. vagina. G. yvvai/Mov aidoiov. Fa's (j*li A. — protuberantia
occipitalis externa, external occipital protuberance. Fasana — see
»vena fasana«. Fascinus — penis. Fauces — Hyrtl: mandibula, the
mandible or lower jaw. Favissa — uterus. Fel — r. gall,- 2. fesica
fellea, gall-bladder. Femen — femur, thigh. Ferebrum — patella or
knee-pan.
 58 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1255. Fessae — nates. 1256. Fibra
— lobus, lobe. 1257. -»- auris — the lobule of the ear. 1258. Fibrae
— lobi pulmonum, lobes of the lungs; lobi hepatis, lobes of the liver,
j 259. -»- cordis — (Benedictus III, 12) the auricles (?) of the heart.
1260. -»- narium — alae nasi, the wings of the nose. 1261. Ficatum
— hepar, liver. 1262. Ficteris — 1. sphincter ani; 2. anus; 3. rectum;
4. abdomen. 1263. Fihachaliafuch — Avic. (A. B.): »id est in (fi, the
Arab, preposit. f] Jl) commissura coronali, ubi terminatur sinciput, ita
exponunt Arabes.« 1264. Filamen — (Benedictus) see »ines«. 1265.
Filellum — 1. frenulum linguae; 2. frenulum praeputii. 1266. Filum —
1. Sudh. Chir. II, 220: the fraenulum praeputii, »quo coniungitur
pellicula cum membro virile«; 2. ibid. 290 A: » . . qui est inter anum
et testiculos«, the raphe (perinei). 1267. Fimbra 1268. Fimbria o o
1269. Fiqra »' iis, plur. fiqrat oiyis A. — vertebra, ortovdvlog. See
also »faqra«, -<>fuqra«, »faqara«. 1270. Fiqrat as-sulb s^JLaojI of-
i» A. — » vertebrae columnae«. 1 27 1. -»- al-qatan .Jaiiji oi set A.
— vertebrae lumbales, the lumbar vertebrae. 1272. -»- al-cunqiyya
xxftAxii oLsis A. — vertebrae cervicales, the cervical vertebrae. See
also »faqar alcunq«. 1273. al-Firash al-cadali JUax^ ^jd) A. —
platysma myoides. G. fivwdeg TtkaTVO/iia. 1274. Fissura — rima
pudendi. 1275. Fistula cibali ^ ... J — oesophagus. 1276. -»- cibana
) 1277. -»- sacra — t. columna vertebralis, the vertebral column; 2.
corda spinalis, the spinal cord. 1278. -»- spiritalis — trachea. 1279.
Fistulae — bronchi. 1280. Flanci — the inguinal regions (Italian:
fianchi). 1 281. Flatus — (Benedictus) »pneuma« in the heart. J —
lower part of the auricle (or pinna) of the ear.
 I92I. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY. 59 1282. Flexuositas poplitis — poples, ham. 1283.
Flexus — joint. 1284. -»- cubiti — elbow-joint (bend of the elbow?).
1285. Focilia (sing.: focile) — i. radius and ulna; 2. tibia and fibula
Avic. De anat. cubiti: »Cubitus ex duobus ossibus in longitudinem
coniunctis est compositus: et vocantur focilia. Superius vero ex eis,
quod ad pollicem tendit, est subtilius: et vocatur focile superius. &
inferius ex eis, quod vadit ad auricularem (i. e. »digitum
auricularem« = the little finger), est grossius; quoniam est deferens:
& vocatur focile inferius.* 1286. Focile inferius — ulna. 1287. _>>"
maius — 1. ulna; 2. tibia. 1288. -»- minus — 1. radius; 2. fibula.
1289. -»- superius — radius. 1290. Focus — lobus hepatis, lobe of
the liver. 1291. Fodina — t. vestibule of the labyrinth (ear); 2. the
labyrinth. 1292. Foliolum — fonticulus frontalis, the anterior median
fontanelle. 1293. Folium — fonticulus frontalis, the anterior median
fontanelle: 2. omentum. 1294. Folliculus bilis ^ } — vesica fellea, the
gall-bladder. 1295. ~>>_ ielleus ) 1296. -»- mentulae ^ . , }
scrotum. 1297. -»- testiculorum ) 1298. Fons — canthus internus
oculi, the inner angle of the eye. 1299. -»- pulsatilis — fonticulus
frontalis, the anterior median fontanelle. 1300. Fontana cruris —
Sudh. Chir. II 144: »[A]licui crus uel pes causa interiorum dolet sub
genu, ubi fontanae dicitur, ferro calido medetur.« 1301. Fontanella
capitis — fonticulus frontalis, the anterior median fontanelle. 1302.
-»- colli — the hollow of the neck. 1303. Foramen amplum —
foramen obturatorium. 1304. -»- auris — meatus acusticus externus,
the external acoustic meatus. (Foramina) cutis — pores of the skin.
-»- epigloti (sic) — the superior aperture of the larynx. -»- maximum
— foramen obturatorium. -»- oculorum — orbitae. lacrymale —
punctum lacrymale. r3Q5 1306 1307 1308 1309 ■ »■
 6o A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1310. (Foramina) medium
(spondylis) — (Avic.) A. at-taqbat al-mutawassita xtxwylll XAaiii . 131
1. Foramina seminis — Sudh. Chir. II, 113: »(Vesica-) Habet enim
collum longum, cui iuncta sunt foramina tenuissima et uene a spine
medulla uenientes, que testiculis semen ministrant. Hec enim sunt
seminis foramina et urinarum egressiones, quemadmodum possint
euacuata repleri et repleta euacuari.« 1 312. Foramen uvae — the
pupil. I3I3- "*" virgae virilis — orificium externum urethrae, external
orifice of the urethra. 1314. Foraminula — see »spiramenta«. 1315.
Forcella inferior (sive humilior) — processus xiphoideus, the xiphoid
process. 1316. Forum metallicum — vestibulum. T317. Fossa gutturis
— fossa jugularis, »fossula gutturis«, »fossicula gutturis«. 1318.
Fossicula animae ^ — Sudh. Chir. II, 88: »Elefantiacus incenditur in
1319. Fossula animae J hunc modum: tres cocturas . . et tres in
pectore in fossula animae in modum crucis . . « Scrobiculus cordis
(?) 1320. Fossicula gutturis — see » fossa gutturis «. 1321. Fossula
colli ) 1322. -»- de collo ! 1 • c u j> — tossa jugularis. bee just
above. J323- _>)- gutturis 1 1324. Fosura gutturis J 1325. Foveae
oculorum — orbitae. 1326. Foveola — fonticulus frontalis, the
anterior median fontanelle. 1327. Fractores — dentes canini, the
canine teeth. 1328. Fragium the bend of the elbow. ;ium ^ :o J
1329. Fragc 1330. Frenum — 1. fraenulum praeputii; 2. fraenulum
linguae. 1 331. Fretum oris — isthmus faucium. 1332. Fu ad oUs A.
— cor, heart. x333- Fulcrum linguae — os hyoideum, the hyoid bone.
1334. Funda oculi — 1. sclera; 2. conjunctiva. 1335. Fundamentum
— fundament; anus. 1336. Fundibulum — uvula. J337- Fundus
stomachi — Sudh. Chir. II: »Si autem fundus stomachi uulneretur,
dicit non ex necessitate mortale est, qui locus ille carnosus est, . . «
 1 921. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY. 6l 1338. *339i34°I3411342. 1343 J344 1345 J346
1347 1348 is J processus xiphoideus, the xiphoid process.
J349r350Fundus vesicae — Sudh. Chir. II, 223, 224: »Si lapidem in
collo uesice existentem in fundum eiusdem ad preseruationem
impellere uoluis, . . « Funis argenteus — corda spinalis, the spinal
cord. -»- brachii — Hyrtl: vena cephalica pollicis. A.: habl ad-dirac t!
Fuqra «Jis A. — see »faqra« A. Furcella inferior (s. humilior) —
processus xiphoideus, the xiphoid process. -»- pectoris Furctella
pectoris Furcula (superior) — the clavicles (or rather clavicles +
sternum). Furculae dorsi — (Avic.) the scapulae (or rather spinae
scapularum?). Furcula inferior — processus xiphoideus, the xiphoid
process. -»- pectoris — Mundinus i4r: »Ex hiis autem cartilaginibus
(i. e. inter costas et sternum) cum ossibus suis componitur unum
membrum quod uocatur furcula pectoris : quia ad modum furculae
est bifurcata et figurata: & in extremitate eius directa est quaedam
scutalis cartilago uocata pomum granatum (i. e. the xiphoid process)
facta ad custodiendum os stomachi«. The sternum -f clavicles.
Furnus — thorax, the chest. Furtula — see » furcula «. G. 1351. Gaf-
herva — 1. os pubis; 2. os coxae. Cfr. Mebrew: mil/i"! "Oj (»gabe
haherva« (Hyrtl)). Galaxia — linea alba. *352 J353 J354 J355 1356
J357 1358 J359 1360 1361 1362 \ Galgal Galgalus i Galsama
Galsamac Galsamach Galsamata Gangama Gargalus Gargar
Gargareon uvula. epiglottis. See A.: »ghalsama«, and »algasamata
»calvaria«, — uvula.
 62 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1363. Gastrocurmia —
»gastrocnemia«. 1364. Gastrognymius — gastrocnemius. 1365. Gau
— (Avic.) urine. 1366. Gausabium — urina puerorum ( — »sabium.
1370. Gedeuil venarum — »i. e. via venarum«. 1371. Gelasini
(dentes) — (dentes) incisivi, the incisors. G. yelaoivot (odovzeg).
1372. Gelasinum — dimple. Class. Lat. gelasinus. J373 1374 1375
1376 Gemelli — 1. testes, testicles; 2. corpora quadrigemina
posteriora. Gemini — testes, testicles. Gemma oculi — the lens.
Gena — Spigelius 5: »(Genae . .) partes sunt, quae utrinque auribus,
naso, oculisque subsunt & ad mentum usque protenduntur.« Avic.
De anat. muse, maxillae, Annot.: » Partes superiores inter nasum et
aures, malae, priscis etiam genae dicuntur, . .« See >;malae«. 1377.
Genae — palpebrae. 1378. Geniculi — patellae or knee-pans. T379-
Genitura — the female sexual organs. 1380. Genuini — see »dentes
genuini«. 1381. Gessa — the femur or thigh bone. 1382. Getedi ^ q
P , • — os sphenoidale, the sphenoid bone. A. al-watadi ^AJjJ! .
1384. Ghadn 0
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I92I. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL

TERMINOLOGY. 63 1392. al-Aghshiya allati taqsim(u) as-sadr .lXaxH
**«&' '^j\ ^xiji^i A. — pleurae mediastinales. G. ol dicccpgaTTOvreg
rbv d-coQcr/.a v (.lev eg. 1393. al-Ghisha3 at-takhin .~*.i^H s-
L&JtJi A. — the dura mater, pachymeninx. G. rj 7ia%eLa (irvcy^.
1394. -»- al-ghaliz JoJliLSf *L&*Ji A. — id. J395- _>>~ al-ghaliz as-
sulb wJLaii Ja*lx^ *L&xJt A. — Koning: the sclera. 1396. -»- al-
ghisha' 1 -il£Jo\ ^LkiJi — arachnoidea, the arachnoid membrane. ~
5 O > .. Off 1397. Aghshiya ghudrufiyya £*£}•«&£ XaAc! A. —
cartilaginous membranes. 1398. al-Ghisha3 al-jildi A. — dura mater.
I399- GhishaJ al-kabid lA-JCi ^l^c A. — »the (covering) membrane
(i. e. the peritoneum) of the liver«, tunica serosa hepatis. 1400. al-
Ghisha' al-layyin -~JJi zl£Ju\ A. — »the soft meninx«, arachnoidea,
the arachnoid membrane. 1401. -»- al-muhit bil-cazm *&*JIj Ja^^U!
*Uwdt)i A. — the periosteum. G. jveQioGreiOQ vfirjv. 1402. -»- al-
muhit bi-qihf ar-ra's ^Ui v^a^Sj Ja-x^UI tL&JtJi A. — the
pericraneum. G. 7ceQiv.QC(Viov. 1403. -»- al-muhit bil-qalb ^sSj&\*
Ja-^sUi tUSdtJI A. — see »ghilaf al-qalb«. _o> ». -co .. CI 1404. al-
Aghshiyat al-munkashitat al-munsalikha iC^JL^Uil '»&±&Sj\\ &jykc-ii
A. — the tunica dartos (which forms two distinct sacs for the testes).
1405. al-Ghisha3 al-mustabtin lil-adla c^l^jij .Joa^**!! fl&iJi A. —
pleura costalis. 1406. -»- al-mustabtin lil-jild «Al^i! ^Lu^Ii pUxjI A.
— fascia subcutanea. G. tov deguazog v7co'/.eli.ievog v/nrtv. 1407.
al-GhishaJ ar-raqiq / fc'djM ^UxiJi A. — »the thin (delicate)
membranes arachnoidea, the arachnoid membrane. G. rj kemr
(irjviyl;. 1408. -»- as-safiq / o^aaojI *L&aj! A. — dura mater.
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64 A. FO.NAHN. H.-F. KI 1409. al-GhishiV as-sulb wJUaJt

*l£dtil A. id. G. ry avlrjga [irjviyg. 1 4 10. -»- ash-shabaki ^£*JLSI
cUSJUl A. — retina. 141 1. -»- ash-shabih bin-naqaniq / kiliuJl .w/xJi
pL&jiJ! A. — allantois. G. IcklavToeidrjg vuijV. A. / iiLai ; / iiUJ
saucisse, andouille, boudin, Lat. lucanica (Dozy, Suppl.). 1412.
Ghisha'i -jL&x A. — ligamentous, fascia-like, aponeurotic. G. 1 413.
Ghudda SkXe, plur. ghudad, OA£ A. — glandula, gland. G. adrjv. 1
414. Ghudadi ^Ac A. — glandulosus. 1415. al-Ghuddat al-mustadira
s.j"Aam«II sJJtJi A. — »the round gland«, hypophysis cerebri. 1416.
-»- ash-shabiha bis-sanaubarra a.j^xaiL xjiaaavJ! »A*ji A. — corpus
pineale, the pineal body (glandula pinealis); A. sanawbara s-Jj-aas
means » pine-cone «. 1 417. Ghudriif J^,Aa£ A. — cartilage. Also:
the xiphoid process. 1418. al-Ghudriif al-awwal [min al-hanjara]
s.^vJL^i .yo j^>H ^j^ya*^ A. — »the first cartilage [of the
larynx]«, cartilago thyreoidea, the thyroid cartilage. G. 0 rcgCoxog
yovdgog (toi Aagvyyog). 1419.. -»- at-talit ^JLiii ^^^uaiii — »the
third cartilage«, cartilagines arytaenoideae, the arytenoid cartilages.
G. b xgiiog yjjvdgog. 1420. -»- at-tani ^iLiii ^*,A2axJi A. — »the
second cartilage«, cartilago cricoidea, the cricoid cartilage. 1421. -»-
alladi la ism lahu *J *.**! "3 ^AJI OjytfaiM A. — »cartilago nomen
non habens«, »cartilago innominata«, cartilago cricoidea, the cricoid
cartilage. 1422. -»- at-tarjahari (or at-tarjahall) (or JL^^LJI)
^L^^bil o^yiaiii A. — cartilagines arytaenoideas, the arytenoid
cartilages. G. 0 ctQVTuivoELdrjg yovdgog. 1423. -»- at-tursi j-wjaJI
L-^yiaiii A. — cartilago thyreoidea, the thyroid cartilage. G.
^vgeoeidrjg. 1424. -»- ad-daraqi «lJxJ^ ^JajfeJt A. — id. 1425. -»-
al-khanjari ^^^i ^yaAJI A. — processus xiphoideus, the xiphoid
process. G. ^upoeidrjg.
 1921. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY. 65 ~ - - •> 1426. al-Ghudruf al-mikabbi -jSJL\
^J^^ai.^ A. (Hyrtl: al-mukibbi -JUS) — cartilagines arytaenoidea,
the arytenoid cartilages. 1427. -»- ash-shabih bit-tarjahara Bil^JaJlj
wAJi o^yiaAJi A. — id. 1428. -»- ash-shabih bit-turs ,j»j*.l\j k**£^\
ojyfcaxM A. — cartilago thyreoidea, the thyroid cartilage. G.
&vgo£idrjg %6vdqog. 1429. -»- ash-shabih bil-hanjar .^U^Ij ^aaAJI
o^axil A. — processus xiphoideus, the xiphoid process. G.
^icfoecdrjg «/ordgog. 1430. -»- ash-shabih bis-saif _aa*»JL>
\AA.ccJi uJjy^AJ! A. — id. 1 43 1. -»- al-wasatani filLuvjJ} o^aiM A.
— the middle (median) cartilage, cartilago septi nasi, the cartilage of
the septum [nasi]. 1432. Ghudrufi A^yac A. — cartilaginosus,
cartilaginous. G. xovdgtod^g. 1433. Gibber — facies superior
hepatis, the upper (convex) surface of the liver. 1434. -»- ulnae —
the olecranon. 1435. Gibberum — the same as »gibber«. 1436. Gibbi
genarum — vide s. v. »gibbus«. 1437. Gibbositas — i. the convex
side of a (curved) cylindrical bone; 2. gibbositates — the malleoli.
1438. -»- costae — Avic. De anat. costar: »Et costae quidem istae in
primis supra sui gibbositatem ad inferiora inclinantur: deinde
redeundo ad superiora incedunt et continuantur cum thorace (the
sternum). 1439. -»- epatis — (Mundinus) =? gibbus epatis; facies
superior hepatis, the upper (convex) surface of the liver. 1440. -»-
stomachi — (Avic.) fundus, or curvatura major stomachi? 1441. -»-
ulnae — the olecranon. 1442. Gibbus — pomum Adami. 1443. -»-
epatis — facies superior hepatis, the upper (convex) surface of. the
liver. 1444. Gibbi genarum — ossa zygomatica, the zygomatic
(cheek-) bones (malar bones). 1445. Giearech — (quattuor) » venae
labiorum«. See »al-jaharrak«. 1446. Giedaul 1447. Giedual 1448.
Giedul — Avic. (A. B.): »Giedul sunt rami venarum, quae sunt sicut
rami, et suachi (q. v.) sunt rami giedaul, et ruada sunt rami suachi
ita quid giedani sunt rami minores quam rami venarum proprie, et
suachi sunt minores quam giedaul, et ruada minores quam suach. <
A. jadwal j^A^> smaller ramifications of veins. Vid.-Selsk. Skrifter.
II. H.-F. Kl. 1921. No. 7. 5
 66 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1449. Gingia mater ^ — the
pericranium, »circumossualis membrana«. 1450. Gingima mater /
Cfr. -almocatim«. A. jumjuma iU^\*> ~ 1- cal" varia; 2. skull. 1451.
Gingiva (dentium) — (Avic.) 1452. Girbum — omentum. See
»zirbus«. 1453. Girgilus — arcus aortae (Hyrtl.). 1454. Glabella —
Spigelius: >\u£a6rpQvov . . supereilia duo, quorum interstitium . .
glabella. « 1455. Glandula lacrymalis — caruncula lacrymalis. 1456.
Glandulae laryngi appositae (adstantes, adjacentes) — glandula
thyreoidea, the thyroid gland. 1457. Glandula pituitaria cerebri —
hypophysis cerebri. 1458. Glandulae renibus incumbentes —
glandulae suprarenales, the suprarenal glands (capsules, bodies,
adrenal glands). 1459. Glangula — ganglia. 1460. Globulus (nasi) —
apex nasi, the tip of the nose. See »orbiculus nasi«. 1461. Globus —
1. apex nasi, the tip of the nose; 2. the ccecum. 1462. Glomus
intestinorum — the jejunum + ileum. 1463. Glottis — 1. the interior
of the larynx; 2. rima glottidis; 3. the epiglottis. 1464. Glutum — the
loin. 1465. Gorguleo — Sudh. Anat. p. 6: »Inde collega rivus per
collum funditur in intus[?j et veniat in gorguleonem et in caput et in
cerebrum . .« Gullet. 1466. Grandebalae — hircipili, the hairs in the
axilla. >^Pili subalares« (Bauhin). 1467. Grandineum — os
cuboideum, the cuboid bone. Benedictus V 34: »mons pedis «. 1468.
Grando — the lens [chrystallina oculi]. 1469. Granges — venae
jugulares, the jugular veins. 1470. Granum uvae — uvula. 147 1.
Guberich 1472 1473 J474 H75 1476 H77 1478 »venae labiorum«
Guherich Guidaz Guidegi Guidem Guiden Guidez Guindegi . — venae
jugulares, the jugular veins. Avic. (A. E.): ^Guidez est uva quae in
gutture versus collum invenitur (i. e. the uvula), et sunt duae
[venae?] ex utraque gutturis parte, quae dicuntur guidezi« A.: widaj
—toj.
 1921. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATJN ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY. 67 1479. Gula — i. (the pharynx +) oesophagus; 2.
throat. 1480. Gulla — (Mundinus): »siue trachea arteria«. Trachea.
1481. Gumaur — gingiva. 1482. Gumgumah — 1. calvaria; 2.
cranium. A.: jumjuma x*^\*.>. 1483. Gumur — gingiva. 1484.
Gurgulio — 1. trachea; 2 uvula; 3. penis. 1485. Gurgustium —
uterus. i486. Gutta (humoris) — the lens. 1487. Guttur — 1. larynx;
2. trachea. H. 1488. Habl ad-dirac pi;AJI J»a:> A. — » funis
brachii«, vena cephalica pollicis. 1489. Hachab — ligamentum,
ligament. A.: caqab ^iic . See »alhacab«. 1490. Hadaba — convex
surface. A.: hadaba i. 1491. Hadabat at-tarquwa «yjyJi KjA:> A. —
»the convexity of the clavicle«, the middle portion of the clavicle. G.
xvqtw$£v /LioQiov Tfjg xleidog. 1492. Hadabat al-kabid vA/Xli
X.j^\.> A. — facies superior hepatis, the upper (convex) surface of
the liver. G. ta xvqtq: rov ijrtaTog. 1493. Hadaqa Ki^x^- A. — pupil.
G. xcqij. 1494. Haematoides — sclera. 1495. Hafa Ksls> A. — border,
edge. 1496. al-Hafa3ir yls^i A. — the »cotyledones« (of the
placenta). G. xozvhqdoveg. 1497. Hajaj — L^ A. — Koning: »os qui
entoure 1'ceil et en forme l'orbite«. 1498. al-Hajan ^5^ A. — vide s.
v. »os petrosum«. Os temporale, the temporal bone. 1499. Hajib
w^>L> A. — 1. eyebrow; 2. the orbital arch. 1500. Hajiz j^»L> A.
— spina scapulae, the spine of the scapula. 1 501. al-Hajiz alladi fi
wast al-katif ^aX&I Ja*^ j ^3^ j=>^ A. — id. G. d)(.i07ikarrjg
QCtxlG 
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68 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. i=;o2. al-Haiiz al-mushrif fi wast

razm al-katif Joe _Li**» J. Li^l f>i>i sJi^JI A. — id. 1503. Halama
&Jb* A. — papilla mammae. 1504. Halamat at-tudy ^AxJ! xjL> A. —
id. 1505. Halaq (or Halq) Jal^ (or mb>) A. — pharynx (+ larynx).
1506. Halavis — os sacrum. 1507. Halhatafar — see »alhatafar«.
1508. Halib wOw> A. — ureter. See also: »cunq al-kulya« A. 1509.
Hama &ol£ A. — sinciput. G. (JQ€yf.ia. See »alheame«. 1 510.
Hamat aU.55 A. — head. 151 1. Haml >*:> A. — the embryo and its
foetal membranes. 1512. Hanak u&.te* A. — palatum, the palate.
1513. Hanc(h)a — see »anca«, »ancha«. 15 14. Hanjara B-^U> A.
— larynx. G. Xagvy^. 1515. Haqina Xa3L> A. — 1. stomach; 2.
hypogastric region. 1 516. Haraka jtf-o A. — motion, movement. G.
yJvrjoig. o 1517. -»- ila 1-iltiwa' t!y:i^i Ji '&£.>• A. — pronation1.
isi8. -»- ila 1-inbisat J^L^aJ^! J\ 'if j> A. — extension. 1519. -»- ila
1-inbitah _Uxo>5i ^Ji £5y> A. — supination. 1520. -»- ila 1-inqibad
(j»L*ai"^i .Jt £5\> A. — flexion. 1 52 1. -»- iradiy}7a KjJ>M Xi .^>
A. — volontary motion. 1522. -»- multawiyya K.jj.xJi/0 xi .> A. —
supination. 1523. -»- mumbatiha X^yJaJU L<.i .="" a.=""
pronation.="" al-hararat="" al="" ghariziyya="" icjjj.iii="" b.l=""
congenital="" natural="" heath="" harcasach="" os="" coxae.=""
cfr.="" and="" harqafa="" ilki=""> A. — id. 1527. Harundo — see
»arundo« (arundines). 1 A few useful physiological expressions have
been included in this anatomical vocabulary.
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I92I. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL

TERMINOLOGY. 69 1528. Hass (or Hiss) (j**:> (;j~.>) A. —
sensibility, sensation, faculty of sense, perception. G. cuoO-rjGig,
acprj, arcrcov aXod-rjOig, 1529. -»- al basar ^a*JI ^.^ A. — the
faculty of vision, sense of sight. 1530. -»- ad-dawq »5^.^ u"^ ^" —
tne sense of taste. I53I- '>>- al-lams 0v*.JUi {J^=> A. — the sense
of touch. 1532. -»- as-samc «.*.**Ji ^^ A. — the sense of hearing.
1533. -»- ash-shamm *A^ (j~> A. — the sense of smell, the
olfactory sense. 1534. Hassa &*l> , plur. hawass u»]^ A. — sense.
1535. Hasce — Avic. (A. B.): » . . apud Arabes est thymus, super
quern inhaeret epithymum.« 1536. Hashan, hasha ^^> or L&.>,
plur. ahsha tLk>i A. — bowel, intestine; ahsha', viscera (abdominal),
Taxazco rov dicccpgdy(.laxog boyava. 1537. (al-Hasis) al-Hasisan
^Iw-a**^ A. — arteriae occipitales, the occipital arteries. 1538.
Hasta nuptialis — penis. 1539. al-Haucl {joj.=>-\ A. — see »al-
birka« A. 1540. Haugena — larynx. Cfr. A. hanjara b\.^U>, 1 541.
Hazz shablh bil-bakra (or bakara) (s* £j) «j&JIj ^a^ ::> — A.
trochlea. 1542. Hederae folium — epiglottis. 1543. Helcudan — Avic.
(A. B.): » .. .i. in locis qui sunt post aures.« 1544. Hemina —
acetabulum. 1545. Hepar uterinum — placenta. 1546. Hi' a K.fx£ (or
hai'a x*a£) — i. anatomical structure. G. xctTaoxevrj; 2. situs,
disposition. 1547. Hiatus — fonticulus frontalis, the anterior median
fontanelle. 1548. Hibi — pubis. G. rjfirj. 1549. Hijab w»L^ (and hajib
w.»l>-) A. — diaphragma, diaphragm. 1550. al-Hijab al-ghaliz at-
taqil J^A&iut JaAx.l\ Ol^p A. — »the thick and heavy veil«, the dura
mater(?). I55I- ">>_ al-hajiz j^l^-i wj'l# A. — »the separating
membrane«, the diaphragm.
 7° A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559
560 56i 562 563 564 Hilla — the small intestine, espec. the jejunum.
Hinulae — fibres. Hira — the small intestine, espec. the jejunum.
Ilircus — the tragus. G. TQccyog. Hirquus — canthus oculi, angle of
the eye. Homoplata ^ TT , \ — scapula or shoulder blade.
Homoplatum ) Hortus — vulva. Hostiarius — pylorus. Hostiolum —
see »ostiolum«. Hudb 1 ° ' 5 ' A , , \ w»AP, ^->A£ A. — eyelashes.
Hudub / " Hufra *„as>, plur. hufar .a> A. — cotyle, socket. G.
y.0Tvkrj. 565. al-Hufrat ash-shabiha bil-minqar J&xil ^^ii s-a^i A. —
fovea articularis (superior, inferior) atlantis, the articular fossa or
fovea (fossae, foveae) of the first vertebra (atlas). G. yXrjvoeidrjg
v.oiXoTrjg. 1566. Hulqiim »yi!L>- A. — 1. larynx + trachea; 2.
pharynx; 3. anterior and lower part of the neck. See also »qasbat ar-
ri'a«. 1567. Humerus — 1. the shoulder; 2. the humerus or arm
bone; 3. the clavicle. Humor adamantinus — the lens, aethereus
albugineus albumineus albus aqua similis crystallinus — the lens.
evagaidos — humor aqueus, the aqueous humor (of the eye)
gelatinosus glacialis similis vitro liquefacto — corpus vitreum, the
vitreous body (of the eye). x579- -»- vitreus — (Avic.) id. 1580.
Huqq al-fakhid A^ail / a.s> A. — part of the os coxae or hip bone
containing the acetabulum; acetabulum. 1581. -»- al-wark «£»jJi /
ip* A. — acetabulum. 1582. Hyaloides — corpus vitreum, the
vitreous body (of the eye). 1568. Hurr 1569-»1570 -»1571 -»!572
-»*573 -»1574 -»1575 -»1576 -»1577 -»1578 -»humor aqueus, the
aqueous humor (of the eye). } — the lens [chrystallina oculi
 1921. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY. JI 1583. Hyoderes — »hypoderides«, the labia
minora. 1584. Hypenae — alae nasi, the wings of the nose. G.
vnrjvai. 1585. Hypopia — the cheeks, »genae». 1586. Hypothenar —
Benedictus I 3: »Ab indice ad minimum (digitum)«. Castelli:
vimodsvaQ, id est, subvola, pars ea manus est, quae opponitur volae
manus . . . mons lunae«. 1587. Hysmon — isthmus faucium. 1588.
Hystera — uterus. See »stera«. 1589. Hysophagus — oesophagus. I,
J, Y. 1590. Jabha ££*.:> A. — glabella; forehead, front. 1 591.
Iactatores — ductus deferentes (vasa deferentia). 1592. Yad lXj A. —
1. the upper limb; 2. the hand. 1593. (Jadwal jyX>, plur. jadawil
j^ijs.^ A.) Jadawil j^A> \ — mesentery (-ies); »via venaJadawil al-
curuq Xjjil j.Ui f rum«' 1594. Jafn rj&=>, plur. ajfan .-jU>J A. —
palpebra, eyelid. G. SXecpaqov. 1595. Yafiikh j, *sIj A. — sinciput. G.
figey/ua. See » azm al-yafukh«, 1596. Iaharich — Avic. (A. E.): » . .
.1. interior pars labiorum.« 1597. al-Jaharrak ^6.X^\ — is originally
a compound Persian word, or rather two single words, viz. chahar
.L^?> = four, and *6. rag ~ vein. »The four veins« scil. of the lips,
(quattuor) »venae labiorum«. The Arabic Avicenna-text
commentates thus: _yj LgJL^o xi& JJ' cJlc xx> J ,*j$jB ^jP} (Can.
Lib. 1. Fen. 4. Ch. 21) »i. e. four feins; on each lip there are two (or:
a pair) of them«. See »giearech«. 1598. al-Jalidiyya KjO^Jl^t A. —
the lens [chrystallina oculi]. G. vyqov ZQVGTccXXoeidsg. x599- Janib
al-kabid al-muhaddab ^jjC^\ l\.a£JJ ^.iL> A. — facies superior
hepatis, the upper (convex) surface of the liver. See »gibbus or
gibbositas hepatis«.
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y2 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1600. al-Janib al-mastiih min al-

macida or (al-micda) .-a —j.1j.»+\\ v-*JL>J (or Sj&& .yj jiiii woL>l
A. — fossa subscapularis, the subscapular fossa. G. rd Oi(.ia Trjg
cbf.i07cXaTrjg. 1602. -»- al-muqa °ar min al-kabid JuJul .y* ,«jU!
wJL>i A. — fac O les inferior hepatis, the under (concave) surface of
the liver. G. rd Gif.id /Liegrj rov rjrcarog. 1603. -»- al-muqaccar min
at-tihal jL^Iali .«a .x'sl\ i^oL^i A. — see »qacr at-tihal «. s 'or 1604.
Janin .^>( plur. ajina 'KkzA and ajnun ^+zA A. — embryo, foetus. G.
tfifiQvov, xvoi\ii£Vov. 1605. Janitor — pylorus. 1606. Janitrix — 1.
valvula, valve; 2. vena portae. 1607. Iasuch — Avic. (A. B.) ». . . id
est sincipitis«. 1608. Jawba azm al- ain ,..a*J! *Iic &*> A. — orbita.
1609. Jawhar fy=>- A. — substance. G. ovola. 1610. Ibham *lgji A.
— 1. thumb, pollex; 2. big toe. 161 1. Ibt Jaji A. — axilla. G.
[laoxaXrj. 1612. al-Ibti , Ja^i A. — see » irq al-batn«, »the axillary
(vein)«, which according to CA1I ibn al-c Abbas is equal to »the
basilic vein«, al-basiliq, vena basilica. 1613. Ideranos — see
»sedilia«, »cranos«. 1614. Iecur, gen. iecoris & iocineris (the
lastnamed form often being met with) hepar, liver. 1615. -»- ,
uterinum — placenta; see »hepar uterinum«. 1616. Iefee — Avic. (A.
E.): ». . . i. sinciput« ; see »ifek«. 161 7. Ieiunum — often =
jejunum + duodenum. 1618. Ifek — sinciput; see »yafiikh«, »cazm
al-yafukh«. 161 9. Ihata iiial^i A. — capacity, dimension, size. o e
1620. Ihlil ^U>! A. — urethra (the spongy portion); penis.
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I92I. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL

TERMINOLOGY. 73 1621. IjjAna *il>«i A. — »est vas rotundum et
locus apud extremitatem oculi (palpebrae !). Arab. nom. antiqua
expositio, in d. lat. Ausg. d. Kanon.« Thus according to Hirschbberg,
Ibn SIna, Augenh. — not to be found in the edition of Avicenna
being at my disposal. Hirschb. translates: margin of the lid, ragoog.
He adds: Aramaic: aggaa, plur. aganati — traceable in Assyrian
already in the IX. cent. B. C. The word was not commonly used
among the Arabs. 1622. Jild l\1>- ) "o / A. — skin. Jilda BJsJb* I
1623. Jinah —U> A. — wing; ala; processus transversus vertebrae.
See »alae (spondylis)«. 1624. Jirm ».z> A. — i. body; corpus
vertebrae, the body of a vertebra; 2. substance. o 1625. -»- ad-
dimagh cUxXJi *~> A. — substance, matter of the brain. 1626. -»-
al-halq /'jk& ••;» A. — the muscular portion of the pharynx. 1627.
al-Jirm ash-shabih bi-habbat as-sanaubara 8J ji*aJI *a^ jua«wJI
»y>\ A. — corpus pineale, the pineal body (glandula pinealis,
conarium (-/.covog = sanawbara — pine-cone)). 1628. -»- ash-
shabih bit-qubba a.a&!Ij jua,£JI *.>■! A. — fornix cerebri. G. acdf.ia
ipahdosidig. o or 1629. (Jism *Av,q>, plur. ajsam ,»L*:>i) al-Ajsam
al-mushabihat al-ajza3 *Jj>^1 &gjLwJM *L*>>H A. — parts
consisting of homogenous substance. G. ojnoiojuegrj /tiogia. j * c o
r 1630. al-Ajsam al-ula ^^ -L*^^ A. — elementary substances. G.
TtQWTCC (.WQICC. 1631. al-Jiz al- arid min al-lahy al-asfal J^i^i ^-
^^ oA U^j*^ pr^ A. — corpus mandibulae, the body of the
mandible (or lower jaw). G. to txXcxtv or ta TtXarea rrjg xdrio
yevvog. 1632. Ikhtilat _b^l^i>i A. — plexus (of nerves). G.
€7calXa^tg, 7tXoy.af.iov, 7ckoxrj, 7tXixog. 1633. Iklil JuJit A. — 1.
»crown«, iris (espec. its circumferential portion?); the ciliary zone. G.
orerpavrj, loig. 2. Corona glandis.
 74 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1634. Ilamis — pia mater. 1635.
Iliaca — also: »(vena) basilica«. 1636. Ilion — colon. 1637. Ilithia —
amnion. The name represents the Greek goddess Eileithyia who was
invoked by women in pains of childbirth. 1638. Iltiham *L5=uii A. —
synarthrosis. 1639. Iltisaq ,»LfiAJi A. — sutura harmoniaca, harmonic
suture, simple apposition of (edges or smooth surfaces of) bones.
1640. al-rInabatan ..Uaaxj! A (dual) — corpora quadrigemina. 1 64
1. cInabiyya iw A. — iris. G. Qayoeidrjg [ytxiov]. 1642. Inse —
Benedictus II. 10: vivsg capillamenta sive filamenta sunt nervorum &
fibrae stamineum (sic!)«. — » . . filamentum stamineum
(stomachi)«. Muscular fibres. 1643. Inclavatio — gomphosis. 1644.
Incrutiatio — chiasma. 1645. Index — 1. index finger; 2. second toe.
1646. Ines — Benedictus V. 3: = »stamen«, »filamen« (»In
sanguinis propterea materia quoddam genus fibrarum . .«). 1647.
Infundibulum — uvula. 1648. -»- ventriculi — oesophagus. 1649.
Infusorium — infundibulum cerebri. 1650. Inguen — external sexual
organs. 1651. Insan al- ain .ja*JI ,..lw.ii A. — pupilla oculi, the pupil
(of the eye). 1652. Inshi ab u->Lx£.ii A. — ramification (e.g. of
arteries). 1653. Insi j^jwoi A. — internal, medial. 1654. Interciput —
crown of the head; vertex. 1655. Interfinium — septum nasi. 1656.
Interiglio (Ital.) — Mundinus 5V: mesenterium, mesentery. 1657.
Internodium — phalanx. 1658. Interseptum (nasi) — septum nasi.
1659. Intestinulum — corda umbilicalis, navel string, umbilical cord.
1660. Intestinum cameratum ^ — colon. 1661. -»cullulatum 1662.
-»circumvolutum \ 1663. -»contortum 1664. -»convolutum 1665.
-»glomeratum 1666. -»gracile — jejunum + ileum.
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I92I. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL

TERMINOLOGY. 75 1668. -» 1669. -» 1670. -» 1671. -» 1672. -»
1673. -» ? — jejunum + ileum. 1667. Intestinum grossum et
spissum — colon, gyratum involutum longum — 1. jejunum + ileum;
2. rectum, pingue — rectum, plenum ct crassum — colon, revolutum
— jejunum + ileum. 1674. Iocineris gibbus — see »gibbus hepatis«.
1675. Iocur — »iecur«, »(h)epar«, liver. 1676. Ir — see »thenar«.
1677. Irq ,V.£, plur. uriiq 'i*j& A. — 1. vein; 2. vessel; (3. artery). G.
1. cfkitp; 2. ctyyalov. 1678. alcIrq al-abhar J{^\ ,*j*M A. — aorta.
1679. -»- al-ajwaf ^iy>>&\ v-xJI A. — vena cava (xoikr]). 1680. -»-
al-ajwaf an-nazil JuLJi ^Jj.z>-^)\ ,»ydi A. — »the descending
capacious vein« = vena cava ascendens. o.c 1681. -»- al-akhal Jos?
"$\ .SytJI A. — »the black vein«, vena mediana. 1682. -»- alladi ala
1-hama : ^Ai! ,V,j*H A. — vena saphena interna. or 3 ) 1684. Uruq
al-awdaj b^i #••>/* A. — venae jugulares, the jugular veins. G.
ocpayiTideg. 1685. al- Irq al-ausat Ja^^\ .'i.yti\ A. — vena mediana
(cubiti). 1686. al-cIrq al-cazim *A.k*it ,+jd\ A. — vena cava. ar-Razi
70: «JlIoSI \\Sj\ *jA> y* » ascending from the (upper) convex
surface of the liver*. 1687. Irq al-badan qA-J! v^c A. — vena
mediana. See »vena corporalis«, »vena cordis «. o , 1688. -»- al-
batn .JaJi ,**jt A. — = »al-basiliq« .■ zlJLwUI, »al-ibti« -Lij^i, vena
basilica. 1689. ">>_ darib ^Xjo .♦.© A. — arteria, artery. G. ayyelov
G(pvL,ov.
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-y6 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1690. al-cUruq al-ghadiyya [lil-

khusya \va lil-abididilmisj XjJliJi "•».*Ji [^y^uo^JuJcAjblij \AO^LJ
^5\.xi\ /bU ^JliJJ fV>*Jl .J^ail .yo LJUii A. — »the vein which
nourishes the upper parts of the breast«, vena intercostalis superior,
the superior intercostal vein. G. ovLvyta cpkefiwv — tol avco
LieaoTtketQia tov d-togay.og TQecpet. 1693. Ircl al-jabha '&&+>-) .
'*.£ A. — vena frontalis, the frontal vein. c "" ° ° 1694. al- Irq al-ibti
L^ /*;*^ A. — »the vein of the axilla«, vena basilica, the basilic
vein. c 1695. -»- al-kab(i)di ^iAa^JI *• .*ii A. — »the liver-vein«,
vena cava. G. TjTzaTiTig cpXexp. 1696. -»- al-katifi A'J&\ * ,*;! A. —
»the shoulder-vein«, vena cephalica. G. thf^iaia cpleip. 1697. Ircl ma
bid ar-rukba SC*yJi u^J^ , * .■& A. — »the vein of the popliteal
fossa«, vena saphena externa, the external saphenous vein (the part
situated in the knee-hollow). G. rj kcit* lyvvav rplexp. 1698. al- Uruq
al-ma riifa bil-marabid \jai\J,l Xs^xLI f».5j*^ A- — »tne veins called
meseraic«. 1699. -»- al-mukallila \i\kl\ ,»*.*.i A. — see »alcirq al-
mustadlr«. 1700. al-cIrq al-mustadir hawl al-qalb CJSJI j^s>
,jJ*X«4! r'Vj*^ A. — vena coronaria cordis. G. fj fceotGTerpavovaa
tt^v zaodlav cpXeip. 1701. Irq an-nasa L*Jdl ♦ .£ A. — vena
saphena externa, the external saphenous vein.
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1921. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL

TERMINOLOGY. 77 r o 1702. cIrq ar-ra's (jJyl v;c A. — vena
cephalica. See »al-qifal«. 5 5 3 1703. al-cUriiq as-sakibat al-lu ab
w>l*JLM &a5"L*JI v^.*ii A. — see »miskab ar-riq«. G 1704. clrq
sakin ^L* /ijfi A. — vena, vein. 1705. al-cIrq ash-shiryanl JbycJf
(Vj*^ A. — »vena arteriosa« = arteria pulmonalis, the pulmonary
artery. G. cfXiip ccQTrjQiwdrjg. 1706. Irq as-subat oLj^jI , •,« A. —
(arteria) carotis, carotid artery; see »shiryan as-subat«. 1707. -»- as-
subatl ^jLmwJI ^^ A. — (arteria) carotis, carotid artery. G.
y.aQLOTig. 1 o i 1708. al- Irq al-usfuwani ( ^iULu*^ • ,xl\ A. — vena
portae, the portal vein. G. rj ircl ixih) cpleip. o 1709. cIrqa 1-widaj
«J.>Ji i§_e A. — venae jugulares, the jugular veins. G. Gcpaylrideg.
1 7 10. Uriiq al-widaj —tajJI /♦•>/* A. — id. 171 1. cIrqi ic'ijC- A. —
venous. G. cple^codrjQ. 1^12. Irritamentum libidinis — clitoris.
1713. Iry ^.1, plur. awari(n) ;y and (S^i, sing, also ari ^i A. —
alveolus (dentis). G. cparvai. 1714. Ischion — Benedictus V 31: »..
nervus quo coxendix acetabulo committitur.« Ligamentum teres.
1715. Ishtirak *6\jk&\ A. — anastomosis. G. leva Gt6f.no Gig;
y.oivcovla. 1 716. Ismon — »ysmon«, »hysmon«, isthmus faucium. 1
71 7. Isophagus — oesophagus. 1 718. Isthmoides — Benedictus IV.
39: 1. summae ossium inasi]; 2. angustiae. 1 719. Istidara s.tj^J A.
— a sling (of the intestine). 1720. Iter urinae — ureter. 1721.
Ithmides — ethmoides. 1722. Itinera seminaria — ductus deferentes
(vasa deferentia). 1723. Itnacashri «j-kc ^ii A. — duodenum. G.
diodeyaddy.TvAog, %y.rpvGig. 1724. Itrum — 1. regio hypogastrica,
the hypogastric region; 2. abdomen. G. rtTQOv.
 •78 A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1725. Ittahad(a) J^>oi A. — to
communicate (anastomosis, veins). G. Ivoouai. 1726. Ittasal(a) A.^j'i
A. — id. 1727. al-Ittimam al-khalf ^a^ fUj^M A. — see »al-
mudammat al-khalfaniyya«. 1728. al-Ittisal al-khalf oOSi JLaibl A. —
id. 1729. Iugulum — 1. clavicula(-ae), clavicle(s); 2. throat, larynx.
1730. Iugulus — (Benedictus) clavicle. 1 73 1. Iugumentum — arcus
zygomaticus, the zygomatic arch. 1732. Jum *.*> — a closed fist.
1733. Jumjuma x*.>\4.:>, plur. jumajim *.>L*:>. A. — skull (includ.
the bones of the face). 1734. Jumjumata 1-qihf ^a^\fiJi Ll#n^w>
A. — ossa parietalia, the parietal bones? (Kon.) 1735. Iunctura —
articulation. 1736. -»- cayb — (Mundinus): » . . siue clauicule
nominate ab osse illo quod cayb nominatur.« Articulatio talocruralis,
the anklejoint. coxae — articulatio coxae, the hip-joint. cruris —
articulatio genu, the knee-joint. cubiti — articulatio cubiti, the elbow-
joint. digiti prima — articulatio metacarpophalangea,
metacarpophalangeal articulation. digiti media — the first
interphalangeal articulation. digiti tertia — the second
interphalangeal articulation. focilis inferioris — articulatio
humeroulnaris, the humeroulnar articulation. focilis superioris —
articulatio humeroradialis, the humeroradial articulation. manus
(iunctura manuum) — articulatio radiocarpea, the wristjoint, the
radiocarpal articulation. pedis cum crure — articulatio talocruralis,
the ankle-joint. poplitis — articulatio genu, the knee-joint. pollicis
pedis prima — articulatio metatarsophalangea prima, the
metatarsophalangeal articulation. 1737-»1738. -»1739. -»1740.
-»1741. -»1742. -»1743. -»1744-»1745-»1746. -»1747-»1748. -» 
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I92I. No. 7. ARABIC AND LATIN ANATOMICAL

TERMINOLOGY. 79 1749. Iunctura rasetae — articulatio radiocarpea,
the wrist-joint, the radiocarpal articulation. 1750. -»- spatulae —
articulatio humeri, the shoulder-joint. 1 75 1. Juttat al-janin ^xa^I
&£> A. — the body of the embryo (foetus). 1752. al-Juz' al-
munkhafid min at-_tarb yJSJi ^ ^jcJltiAJi w**£M A. — (ar-Razi,
Koning 40) malleolus internus, the internal malleolus. *755- _>>" al-
kharija x>;L>i ±r\x£j\ A. — (ar-Razi, Koning 40 -sic!) malleolus
externus, the external malleolus. 1756. Kabid (or kabd) AaS (or J^S)
A. — hepar, liver. G. rj7tag. 1757. Kachasim — (Avic.) A. E.): ».. est
locus post partem supremam nasi.« Cellulae ethmoidales, ethmoid
cells. 1758. Kaff -^ai A. — manus, hand (in dictionaries also: palm of
the hand, palma manus). G. xeiQ. Cfr. »kef«. o r759- _>>" ar-rijl
J^>>Jf s— ai A. — planta pedis, the sole of the foot. 1760. Kahil
^PlS A. — 1. regio interscapularis; 2. os sacrum, the sacrum. 1 761.
Kamara glis A. — glans penis. See »al-balluta«. G. (Salavog. 1762.
Kathan — sinciput. 1763. Katif (or katf, kataf, kitf) ^JtXS (or ^JiZS ,
vJLtf, 0^ ) A. — 1. shoulder; 2. scapula, shoulderblade. G. 1. wpog;
2. wjnoTtlaTfj. 1764. al-Katifi &;X^ A. — see »al-qifal«, vena
cephalica, the cephalic vein. 1765. Katim — loins; regio humbalis. A.:
qatan .«Jos. 1766. Kef — Avic. (A.B.): » . . est manus, quae continet
pectinem et digitos, et huiusmodi pars est communis ad partem
domesticam et sylvestrem palmae, seu manus«. Cfr. A.: kaff ^j3 .
 8o A. FONAHN. H.-F. Kl. 1767. Khadd l\:>, plur. khudud
^»Ai> A. — cheek. G. yvaO-og. 1768. Khalf s_ali- A. | o, / — dorsal.
G. brtioto. 1769. Khalf ani ^Lai^- A. J 1770. al-Kharq • ;.■£! A. —
(the rent, cleft, perforation) used of the place where the ureter
pierces the bladder wall. 1 77 1. Kharaza »;y>, plur. kharaz :y> and
kharazat oUy> A. — vertebra, a vertebra. 1772. Kharaz al-qatan
.JaSlS yz> A. — vertebrae lumbales, the lumbar vertebrae. 1773. -»-
as-sadr .uN»^Ji ;.3> A. vertebrae thoracales, the thoracic vertebrae.
Avic. : »spondyles pectoris«. c ° '. 1774. -»- al- unq / iJoti! \.z> A. —
vertebrae cervicales, the cervical vertebrae. 1775. -»- az-zahr -§&!
;,:> A. — vertebrae thoracales + vertebrae lumbales, the thoracic
and lumbar vertebrae. 1776. al-Kharazat al awwal jj^i *)j>\ A. —
tne at^as or ^rst cervical vertebra. 3 0 3. , , 1777. Kharazat al-
hulqiim *_*JiJbii oi>.:> A. — the cartilaginous (horseshoeshaped)
bars of the trachea. Khashish jjk-y£.:> — see the next. 1778. al-
Khashishan ..I&aAS-I A. — arteriae occipitales, the occipital arteries
(branches of the external carotid arteries). 1779. Khasira Byoli>,
plur. khawasir ./j>L:> A. — regio lumbalis, the lumbar region. 1780.
Khilt Jal>, plur. akhlat _b^i.i>i A. — humor (»cardinal humor« ; the
ancients supposed »the four humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile,
and black bile« to be the fundamental constituents of the body).
1781. Khinsir ,>oAi> A. — 1. digitus minimus manus, little finger; 2.
digitus minimus pedis, little toe. O 3 1782. Khurza »jy> A. — joint.
G. ou/nftolrj.