HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM

Indian Philosophy be ordered in a sequence:- Upanishadic, Vedic and Post-Vedic

Sommum bonum- Highest values and priorities

Vedangas- 6 main subject-areas:-

1. Phonetics
2. Ritualistic Knowledge
3. Grammar
4. Exegetics
5. Metrics
6. Astronomy

Sutra period equal to- Upanishad period

Sravana- Acquiring knowledge of shrutis by listening

Manana- thinking, anlaysing & assimilation of the texts heard

Nidhidhyasana- Comprehension of truth and applying into real life

Rig Veda- The Book of Mantra ( praise of God, and meant for plain living and high thinking)

Sama Veda- The Book of Chant (collection of chant- for liturgical purpose that is participation of the
people int eh work of God)

Yajurveda- The Book of Ritual (collection of prose-mantras or yajurs- mainly done by hotris who is
assumed to be the first order of priesthood)

Atharava Veda- The Book of Spell (roughly secular in character that is linked with various arts and
sciences).

Ayurveda dealing with indigenous system of medicine can be traced to- Atharavaveda

Ancient Education:-

(i) Karam Kanda- with focus on rituals, mainly be Brahmins.

(ii) Jnanan Kanda- focus on knowledge
 (iii) Aranyanka- link between the Brahmanas and the Upanishads, better vedic literature

Oldest Veda- Rig Veda

Melodies and chant- Samaveda

Also see Atharvaveda and Yajureda

Nalanda University:-

5th century to 12th centure CE

World Heritage by UNESCO

Located now in Rajgir, Bihar

Chinese scholars like I-Qing and Xuan Zang in 7th century

10,000 students were studying as per Hiuen Tsang- he only founded

Tantric Buddhism- Vikramshila Uiversity

Buddhist education:-

1. Dukkha- suffering is the essence of world

2. Samudya- every suffering has a cause
3. Nirodha- suffering could be extinguished
4. Atthanga Magga- it can be achived by following the 8th Fold Path

Triratna- 3 pillars of Jainism (Darashana which is right faith; Samyag Jnana which is right knowledge;
samyag charitra which is right conduct)

India invented the number system

Para vidya- supreme or highest knowledge for self-realizaion or knowledge of the supreme self

Apara Vidya- lowest knowledge ofteh 4 vedas, 6 vedangas)

Vikramshila University:-

- Made repsonisble for administration of Nalanda Unviersity

- One of the largest Buddhish universittieis
- Tantarism- major branch
- Known to us through Tibetan sources

Which committee reommeded setting up UGC – Radhakrishnan Committee (also known as University
Education Commission) in 1948

Magna Carta of Enlgish education in India- Charles Wood’s dispatch

All 3 Presidency university of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras were set up in 1857, based on Wood’s
dispatch.

University of Allahabad founded- 1887

Sargent Report- report of the Central Advisory Board od Education on Post -war educational
Development in India

Tertiary Education includes- Higher education and vocational education and training

Tertiary level of education in India main obody- UGC

UGC- 1956 established

Regulator Higher Education- UGC

4 Pillars of Education- UNESCO

Plan to increase enrolment in the higher education isntituions is – RUSA (Rastriya Uchchatar Shiksha
Abhiyan)
‘Destiny of India is being shaped in her classroom’- Education Commission (1964-66)

CHEER- Children Nerichment Education thorugh Radio

Educational TV introduced- 1968

UGC only- unique distinction of being the only grant-giving agency in the country which ahs eben vestd
witht eh two responsibilities of providing funds and that of cooridination, determination of maintenance
of standrads in sintituiosn of higher education.

PLS SEE UGC Mandate

Sec 12- Provides for promotion & coordination of university education and maintenance of standards of
teachings, examination & research.

Commission’s Report titled ‘Education and National Development Report’- Kothari Commission

10+2+3 edicatopm stricitre- Dr. PD Shukla in 1972

42nd CA- Education included in concurrent list

Committee for recommending autonomy of IITs- Anil Kakodkar

Committee which recommended setting up NCHER (National Commission for higher Education and
Research)- Prof Yashpal Committee

Chairman of UGC Comm appt in 1969 for purpose of administrative legislation of Universities- Dr. S
Kothari

Central Universities Act 2009- 16

Universities having central campus for imparting education- Deemed institutions

Institute of National Importance- Funded by GoI and includes all IITs, NITs and AIIMS

University telecasting interatcitve edu program through its own chanel- IGNOU

State with most Universities-

State with most deemed University-

API- Academic Performance Indicator

National Literary Mission- 1988

NAAC (National Assessment and Accreditation Council) in Bengaluru- set by UGC

Central university:-

President is the visitor

President has power to nominate some members to Executive Comm or the BoD of the University

Occasionally presides over meetings of Executive Comm

No. of representatives of Cnetral Govt in UGC- 2

National Board of Accreditation in 1987- UGC

Programmme of Action attached to National Policy of Education in – 1992

National Edu Day- 11th Nov

1st Committee to be constituted after independence by GoI on Women’s Education- Dr. Durgabhai
Deshmukh Committee

NCMI (National Commission for Minorities Educational Institutions)- 2004

Classical Language—check yourself

1. National Counicl of Rural Institiutes- Hyderabad

2. Indian Council of Historical Research- Bengaluru
3. Indian Council of Philosophical Research- New Delhi
4. Indian Insitute of Advanced Study- Shimla
5. CBCS- Choice Based Credit System
Vikram Sarabhai Space research Centre- Thiruvanthapuram

UGC gets if funding from – Cnetral Govt only

PM as its Chancellor- Visva Bharati University

CABE- 1925

IGNOU- 1985

Distance Education Council- 2013 by UGC

MHRD- 1985

1st Chairman of UGC- Dr. Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar

1st Open University in India- Andhra Pradesh Open University

National Knowledge Commission – 2005 (High-level advisory body to PM with objective of

transforming Indian intoa knowledge society)

1st types concept of Meta Unviersity 0 MIT

Innovation Universities- NAAC A Grade + 10 yrs of standing of standing

Humboldtian Concept of University Education originiated in – Germany

Major benefit of distance education- Continuing Education

No. of Universies at time of Independence- 20

Inflibet- Networking of Libraries through electronic means

1st virtual university- Maharashtra

NBA- 1994

NIRF:-
5 parameters- Teaching, Learning and resources, research and professional Practice, Graduation
Outcome, Outreach and Inclusivity and Perception

Apporved in 2015

Accerditation gives absolute grade whereas raning is relative to other institutions

See top rankers of NIRF

AMU- 1875

SITE- Satellite Instructional Television Experiment

Research station on Antarctic set by India- Dakshin Gangotri

PACER- Professional Action Committee for Educational Reforms

Mahila Samakhya- 1989

Chiarman of UEC in 1948- Dr S. Radhakrishnana

UGC based on- Great BritainProposed introducdtion of IEI (India Education Index) for rnaking
institutues based on academic, research, performance and other parameters- NAAC

Largest student enrolment in world- India Gandhi National Open University

1st Inter-University Centre – Inter-University Accelerator Centre (1984 by UGC)

1st private institution to be granted the status of a deemed university- Manipal Academy of Higher
Education (1976)

Indian Institute of Advanced Studies- Shimla

Indian Institute of Mass Communication- New Delhi

1st Defence University of India- Indian national Defence University, 2013

Ministry of Education- Dept of Elementary Education & Literacy, Dept of Secondary Education &
Higher Education and Dept of Women & Child Development
Which lanagues enjoys special status in Art 351 as primary source language for development of
official standard of Hindi- Sanskrit

Official language as per Const- Hindi, with Eng as an addl language

Which HC gave ruling that India has no national language- Gujarat HC

RTE Act- 2009 (came into force in 2010)1st language to have been assigned status of classical
language in 2004- Tamil

Academic Council- Statutory body of University has power to accord fomrla approval in programmes
and courses of studies

See- Non-conventional, Value-Education, Oriential Learning and Professional Education programmes

Stage I- Value Collection through invitation

Stage 2- Inner Evaluation

Stage 3- Value consolidation

Stage 4- Value clarification

VC of a University is an executive head who is vested with administrative as well as academic

responsibilities.

Global Citizenship Education promotes

See NEP, 2020:-

Recommendations were made by ISRO Chief K Kasturirangan

5+3+3+4

Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education- 26.3% to 50% of 2035

 GDP- 6 from 4.5% GDp

Atmanirbhar Bharat and NEP- see

Which agency if likely to be created as an apex body for fostering a srong research culture and
building research capacity across higher education as per NEP 2020- National Research Foundation

Which agency aims to use AI to make learning more customized as per learner’s requirments that
even propose to created national alliance with EdTech companies- National Educational Alliance for
Technology

Acc to NEP, till what standard mother tongue- Grade 5

NCPFECCE- National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education

By which year, the mini degree qualification for teaching is going to be a 4 year integrated BED
degree- 2030

NCIVE- National Committee for the Integration of Vocational Educational- Acco to this, vocations
eduction will start from- Grade 6

NCFSE- National Curricular Framework for School Education

PARAKH-

NPST-

Acc to NEP how many new seats will be added to HEI- 3.5 Crores

HECI (Higher Education Commission of India)- single umbrealla body for higher education tha does
not include which education sectors- Medical and Legal educationnot includes

In how many years affiliations of colleges is to be phased out- 15 yrs

See the vertical of HECI- NHERC, HEGC, NCIVE, NAC

HECI- UGC +AICTE + NCERT

Tripitakas- colletion fo repachigns of Buddha