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154. Which one of the following statements is correct? duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws.
(a) Rights are claims of the State against the citizens *They embody the concept of a ‘Welfare State’. *Article 38
says, the State to secure a social order for the promotion of
(b) Rights are privileges which are incorporated in the
the welfare of the people. *Article 39A, added by the 42nd
Constitution of a state
amendment, provides for the equal justice and free legal
(c) Rights are claims of the citizens against the State.
aid for Poor.
(d) Rights are privileges of a few citizens against the many
*Organisation of Village Panchayats (Article 40). *Right to
U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017
work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases
Ans. (c) (Article 41). *According to the Article 42, The State shall make
Rights are essential for the complete development of human provision for securing just and humane conditions of work and
beings. The importance of rights has expanded immensely for maternity relief. According to Article 43, The State Shall
and has given birth to the concepts of 'fundamental rights' endeavour to secure, all workers, work and living wage, and
'human rights', etc. Rights impose restrictions on the powers to promote the cottage industry. *Participation of workers in
of the state. These are a guarantee against state action. Thus, the management of industries (Article 43 A). *Promotion of
rights are claims of the citizens against the state. cooperative societies (Article 43 B). *Uniform Civil Code for
the citizens (Article 44). *Provision of early childhood care and
155. The concept of 'Right to Service' originated in education to children below the age of six years (Article 45).
(a) The United States of America *Promotion of educational and economic interests of scheduled
(b) Switzerland castes, scheduled tribes and other weaker sections (Article 46).
(c) Great Britain *It is the duty of the State to raise the level of the nutrition and
(d) China the Standard of living and to improve public health (Article 47).
Uttarkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016 *Organisation of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry (Article
Ans. (c)
48). *Article 48A provides for the protection and improvement,
The concept of 'Right to Service' originated in Great Britain and safeguarding of forests and wildlife. *Article 49 provides
(U.K.). Right to service refers to laws which guarantee for the protection of monuments, and places and objects of
time-bound delivery of services for various public services national importance. *Separation of judiciary form executive
rendered by the Government to citizens. The Right of (Article 50). *Promotion of international peace and security
Citizens for Time-bound Delivery of Goods and Services (Article 51).
and Redressal of their Grievances Bill, 2011 was an attempt Difference between Fundamental Rights and
to start such a law in India. However, it could not be passed. Directive Principles-
Notably, Madhya Pradesh is the first state in the country Fundamental Rights Directive Principles
to implement the Right to Services Act on 25 September, 1. These are Justiciable, These are non-justiciable
2010. Bihar is the second state to implement such law on i.e. they are legally i.e. they are not legally
15 August, 2011. enforceable by the courts enforceable by the courts
Directive Principles of State Policy
in case of their violation. for their violation. O
C
2. These are negative in These are positive in nature
S.
*The Directive Principles of State Policy are mentioned in Part nature.
IV of the Indian Constitution from Articles 36 to 51. 3. These have legal These have moral and
TE
*The idea of Directive Principles of State Policy is borrowed sanctions political sanctions.
from the Irish Constitution. 4. They aim to establish They aim to establish social
O
*Article 37 deals with the application of the principles contained political democracy. and economic democracy.
5. Promotes welfare of the Promotes community
FN
in this part.
*The Directive Principles are non – justiciable. *The individual. welfare.
Constitution (Article 37) itself says that these principles are 6. They are automatically They require legislation for
D
fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the enforced their implementation.
.P
D–126 General Studies Indian Polity and Governance
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