International Journal of Applied Engineering Research and Development (IJAERD) ISSN 22501584 Vol.

2, Issue 2 2012 32-39 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.,

EFFECT OF ADDING HHO GAS A FUEL IN SPARK IGNITION ENGINES FROM THE ELECTROLYSIS PROCESS
R.B. DURAIRAJ1 & M.SIVASANKAR 2
1 2

M.Tech in School of Mechanical Engineering, SRM University ,Chennai, India.

Director, Center for Biomedical Research, Arunai Engineering College, Tiruvannamalai, India.

ABSTRACT Nowadays usage of alternative fuels and Research works in the field of alternative fuels such as fuel cell, Biogas, biodiesel, solar, biomass, LPG, hydrogen and HHO for the automobiles were increasing to meet the huge demand over the petroleum based fuels for the automobiles. In this the

researches have less concentration towards the environmental effects and to the engine. HHO is one of the fuel produced form water through by the electrolysis process. This is the chemical process of separating ions which is present in the electrolyte solution. This can be used as a hydrogen fuel for the SI engine. But usage of this fuel have some disadvantages such as Corrosion over the engine cylinders, improper combustion ,water formation during combustion, improper air and fuel mixture , which also reduces the engine life when compare to the ordinary petroleum based fuels. This paper deals with the effect of HHO gas usage in the spark ignition engines and their major disadvantages observed from their production through electrolysis process. KEYWORDS: Engine cylinders , Improper combustion ; Environmental

effects ; Petroleum fuels ; SI Engine

R.B. Durairaj & M.Sivasankar

INTRODUCTION Increasing the needs of the Automobiles there is the huge demand for the fuels. Due to this the research for finding the alternative solution for the fuel has been improved but most of the research are out of the focus for their demerits of their findings. Some of the alternative solution will provide huge damage towards the existing fuel. Usually this HHO gas is the greatest composition of the water. Each water molecule consist of two bonds of hydrogen and one molecule of oxygen. This can be separated by the process called electrolysis. Electrolysis is a method of separating bonded elements and compounds by passing an electric current through them. An ionic compound, in this case salt, is dissolved with an appropriate solvent, such as water, so that its ions are available in the liquid. An electrical current is applied between a pair of inert electrodes immersed in the liquid. The negatively charged electrode is called the cathode, and the positively charged one the anode. Each electrode attracts ions which are of the opposite charge. Therefore, positively charged ions (called cat ions) move towards the cathode, while negatively charged ions (termed anions) move toward the anode. The energy required to separate the ions, and cause them to gather at the respective electrodes, is provided by an electrical power supply. At the probes, electrons are absorbed or released by the ions, forming a collection of the desired element or compound. This is way of producing the HHO gas form the electrolysis process. this is used as a fuel. Problems during the HHO production inside the chamber During the production of the HHO gas through the electrolysis process there are lots of problem faced inside the production chamber such as heating of electrodes, loss of gas, corrosion over the plates, huge power consumption

Effect of Adding HHO Gas a Fuel in Spark Ignition Engines from The Electrolysis Process

Unusual heat dissipation It is important that the electrodes have to maintain the constant gap which has been separated by the insulator material. But the production of the HHO gas has been increased when the electrodes are close together but while the two electrodes both anode and cathode becomes closer will produces the lot of heat and this heat has been transfer to the chamber. Also the electrode wire will starts to melt. This is the major disadvantage during the production of the HHO gas during the electrolysis process. Loss of gas Our HHO gas production chamber is made up of Plastic PVC pipe. In the top and the bottom ends are coupled with the flange coupling and sealed with the thick acrylic sheet. At the top of the chamber consist of the passage for the outlet of the produced gas and also the input current supply of the anode and cathode. In that the sealing of the chamber will be made with white paste. It is possible of escaping the gas from the chamber. so the top and bottom of the chamber has been tightly closed with the bolts and nuts as shown in the Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 : Tightly sealed chamber for leakage prevention

R.B. Durairaj & M.Sivasankar

Corrosion over the plates In this electrolytic setup we are using the electrode material as Stainless steel plates. This stainless steel plates having the specification of 2mm thickness and approximately 40cm long , and clamped at the top with the acrylic sheet which is the cover for the production chamber in the middle it is clamped with the insulator material to avoid the contact between the plates. During the

electrolysis process some chemical reaction will takes place due to this some platting will be done over this plates and there is the possibilities of forming Rust over the plates fig 2 will shows the corroded part over the plates (pencil marked). So it is advised to clean Regularly to avoid the corrosion over the plates.

Fig. 2 : Corroded Stainless steel plates

Huge power consumption Basically we used 12 volts and 40 amps battery for the electrolyte process to produce the gas. Usually the amount of energy spend for this process to produce this HHO gas can be regained when it is done in Mass production. Unless it is difficult to get back the energy that has been used for this electrolysis process. it can also get back by some of the alternative energy resources such as solar or with the help of some mechanical devices.

Effect of Adding HHO Gas a Fuel in Spark Ignition Engines from The Electrolysis Process

Fig. 3 : 12v 40 amps battrey for production of HHO

Problems facing during the transmission of HHO Gas The HHO gas produced from the production chamber has to travel through the pipe line to the engine unit. During the transmission of this HHO gas there is some of the possible losses and defects are there such as Transmission leakage , possible of back fire, etc. Transmission leakage The transmission leakage is nothing but the leakage during the transmission of the produced HHO gas from the production chamber to air intake of the Combustion chamber. During this transmission of this gas there is the huge possiblites of leakage due to the misalignments and improper fixing of the tube over the port. Due to this the HHO gas does not reach the combustion chamber properly and also possible of fire due to the external environment.

Possible of Back fire (Bubbler unit) The bubbler unit is an important component in the process of our project. The handling of hydrogen gas more than 2500psi is very difficult. It will lead to blast. To avoid those things we are using the unit named as bubbler unit. The

R.B. Durairaj & M.Sivasankar

oxy-hydrogen produced in the production chamber has been transfer in to the bubbler unit. From the bubbler unit the gas has been transfer to the air filter. In case of any explosion the bubbler unit will avoid the blast of the production chamber. If the bubbler unit is not present then it will lead to blast of the production unit. Problems in Engine During combustion: During the Combustion reaction inside the engine there is the huge possibilities of froming Water droplets, and improper combustion, improper mixing with the air and unusual flame will produced. This is the major this adviced during the Research works on the HHO gas. Formation of Water Droplets: During the combustion Reaction there is the possiblites of Forming the Water droplets inside the combustion chamber. This is due to the possible presence of water molecules in the produced HHO gas. So the necessary step to remove the water content has to be taken. This can be achived by the Air preheating the gas before it enters in to the combustion chamber. Also this moisture content will create the improper mixture with the atmospheric air, this will results cause the formation of water droplets and also results in improper combustion inside the combustion chamber. Corrosion over Cylinder walls and exhaust pipe Due to this presence of the water droplets in the HHO gas will produce corrosion over the cylinder walls and also in the exhaust pipe. Aslo it will create the white smoke containing moisture content this white smoke is the response for the formation of corrosion in the exhaust pipe. So this pipe has to replace regularly.

Effect of Adding HHO Gas a Fuel in Spark Ignition Engines from The Electrolysis Process

CONCLUSIONS
Though the effects of using HHO gas by the electrolysis process has been discussed over here. The problems that we have faced during the Research work we undergone in our lab has been showed. Kindly make a note of this paper while further research work has been taken place in the field of HHO gas as a alternative fuel for the Spark ignation engines.

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Stephen Chambers 'Apparatus for Producing Orthohydrogen and/or Para hydrogen' US Patent 6126794 Stanley Meyer 'Method for the Production of a Fuel Gas' US Patent 4936961

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George Wiseman's Eagle Research 'The Gas-Saver and HyCO Series' C. Michael Holler 'The Dromedary Newsletter' and 'SuperCarb Techniques' Stephen Chambers 'Prototype Vapor Fuel System' www.sciencedirect.com for the electrolysis process Sir William Crookes (1775). The Chemical news and journal of industrial science; with which is incorporated the "Chemical gazette.": A journal of practical chemistry in all its applications to pharmacy, arts and manufactures. Chemical news office, pp. 294. http://books.google.com/books?id=XgDOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA294. Retrieved 27 February 2011

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R.B. Durairaj & M.Sivasankar

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