Services

UNIT 2 HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE

Aim & Objectives

Aim: Develop an understanding of how care

services are organised.

Objectives: To be able to identify the four care

services sectors and give examples of the them.

Starter Activity:
Read the table which has a number of different

services. Put them into the life stage that you feel that service is most fitting to. (warning: some may fit into more than one lifestage)

How are services organised?

All services in the UK are organised into either:
Statutory

care sector Voluntary care sector Private care sector Informal care sector

Statutory Care Sector

The Government is responsible for controlling and

running this part of the care system.

It includes the NHS and Local authorities (local

councils
These provide a lot of health, social care and early

year services

Voluntary care sector

This is made up of organisations they provide their

care service because they see a need for them. These services are separate from the Government. There is no legal obligation to provide these services. They just want to. Most of this sector is made up of people who volunteer to help and dont get paid.

Origins of the voluntary sector

It began in the 19th century when there was very

few care services available to ordinary people.

 Most of the services at the time had to be paid for

and were therefore too expensive for most people except the rich. Charities and voluntary organisations grew out of campaigns and donations of a few rich philanthropists (these are wealthy individuals who wanted to help the local community)
STRETCH AND CHALLENGE: those aiming for an A

or a B -> research Joseph Rowntree 1836-1925

TASK
Working in groups of 3-4 Write down as many large national organisations in

the voluntary care sector.

Write down as many small local charities in the

voluntary care sector.

 Most are registered charities.

This means that all money to them comes through

donations and fund raising, however they can get small grants by the government. These care services dont try to make a profit. They usually recruit unpaid volunteers but sometimes bigger voluntary organisations also employ and pay some staff to work as care practitioners, managers and administrative staff.

Task
Read the Case Study and answer the questions that

follow

Private sector
This is made up of care businesses, such as private

hospitals, high street pharmacists and nurseries.

These services usually charge a fee for what they

provide. They work to make a profit.

Informal Sector
This consists of a very large number of unpaid people

who look after members of their own family, friends or neighbours who have care needs.
These are informal as they have not had training, are

not employed or paid to provide care.

TASK: Read the case study and answer the questions

that follow.

Knowledge check!!
Answer the questions in the booklet on what we have

just done. Try not to use your notes. If you are really struggling then look back. All of the answers we have done in lesson and are in your booklet.

Providers of health care services

Most of HEALTH care services are provided by the

statutory sector. Private sector organisations also provide some.

RECAP: what is statutory and private sector? Write

this in box in booklet.

Statutory health care services

This became available in 1948, when the labour

government founded the NHS. Working in small groups try and think of as many reasons as you can that NHS was created.

National and local structures

The Government of the UK is made up of politicians

who are member of a political party that has won the last general election. Working in small groups try and identify all of the different political parties in the UK.
Which of these is currently in charge and who is their

leader?

 Making sure that health care services are provided is

one of the main tasks that every government has. They make decisions about how statutory health services should be organised and paid for. The politician that has overall responsibility for this is called Secretary of State for Health. This person is different in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Organisation Level
National

England

Wales

Scotland

N.Ireland

ParliamentDepartment of Health

National Assembly

Scottish ParliamentScottish Health Department

Northern Ireland Assembly- DHSSPS

Regional
Strategic Health Authority Regional Offices NHS Unified Board Health and Social Care Board

Local

NHS Trust/Primary Care Trusts

NHS Trust/ Local Health Partnerships

Community Health Local Health and Social Care Group

Health and Social Services Trusts

Types of NHS provider

The statutory health care services that we use will be

provided by an NHS trust organisation. NHS trust organisations provide two main types of health care service for all ages: Primary health care services Secondary health care services

Primary Health Care Services

This involves assessment, diagnosis and

nonemergency treatment services as well as specialist care services aimed at tackling health problems like smoking, obesity and stress reduction. It is provided for all client groups. They are usually provided by a primary health care team (PHCT). Below try and identify at least 5 primary health services.

 TASK: Teenagers often feel their health should be

taken more seriously. Suggest two services that you think primary health care workers should offer to teenagers at your local health centre. Explain your reasons.

Secondary Health Care Services

The specialist type of care and treatment that are

provided in a hospital or specialist clinic are known as secondary care. The focus is on very specific and often complex health problems rather than on general, everyday problems. Most secondary health is provided by NHS Trust Hospitals. There are three main kinds of hospitals District general Hospitals- provide a wide range of secondary health care services for the whole population area.

 Local community hospitals- provide more limited

range of treatments for smaller number of people in an area. National Teaching Hospitals- provide highly specialist medical, surgical and psychiatric treatment for people all across country.
Below try and identify at least 5 examples of

secondary health care services

 TASK: Research a local NHS Trust Hospital. What

specialist care and treatment are provided for children? Does the hospital specialise in any other kinds of health care service? Summarise your findings in either a poster of leaflet.

Integrated children's services

These are a new feature of statutory services that

have been developed throughout the UK since the Children Act (2004) was passed. This opiece of legislation is a result of a government policy called Every Child Matters. ECM put forward the idea of linking together (integrating) all of the services that children come into contact with.

 The importance of this became very clear following the

death of Victoria Climbie, an 8 year old girl, in 2000. Victoria died as a result of severe physical abuse that was caused by her aunt and her aunts boyfriend who were supposed to be caring for her. Victorias death occurred despite the fact that care professionals from several different care organisations had come into contact with her. The fact that the different care professionals who had concerns about Victoria didnt communicate with each other or take responsibility for stopping what was happening occurred because of lack of multi-agency and partnership working.

 Integrated childrens services now offer joined up

health, social care and education services to vulnerable children and their families through childrens centres, extended schools, youth clubs and health care clinics. A local integrated childrens service will typically: Be the first point of contact for all enquiries for children Receive and make referrals for services for children Identify, refer and monitor vulnerable children.

 Care practitioners that are employed by integrated

child service: Assess service user needs Give information and advice Receive and make referrals for emergency and preventative services.

Examples of integrated Childrens Services:

Sure start Childrens Centres: (0-5 years) offer child care, health and family welfare

services.
Extended Schools: (primary and secondary) offer out of hour activities, parenting

support child care, adult learning and recreational activities.

Multi-agency disability: Teams that provide a single point of referral, assessment and

treatment for children with physical, learning and sensory disabilities.

 TASK:

Research the location of the nearest sure start centre and

find out: What services are available at the centre. Who the services are provided for. Which health, social care and early years professionals work at the centre. What the aims and objectives of the centre are. What the benefits of using the centre are to service users. Create a leaflet with all of this information.

 Read the case study and answer the questions that

follow

Private Health Care Services

These include a number of large care businesses such

as BUPA and Nuffield Hospitals. These provide complex health care services, including surgery in their own private hospitals.
Identify below private sector health care services and

what they provide.

Informal Health Care Provision

From learning before what the informal health care

sector is, identify how family friends and neighbours can provide health care services.

Providers of Social care services

Social care is a term used to describe non-medical

support and social care services for people who have personal, emotional or financial problems.
National and local social care structures The secretary of State for Health is the government

minister (a politician) who has overall responsibility for making sure that statutory social care services are provided. The department of Health, which includes the Social Services Inspectorate, is part of government that plans and manages statutory social care services.

Organisation Level
National

England
UK Parliament

Wales
Welsh Assembly

Scotland
Scottish Government

N.Ireland
Northern Ireland Assembly

Department of Children, Schools and Families

Health and Social Services Department

Scottish Government Health Directorates

Department of Health, Social Services and Public safety

Health and social Services board

Local

Local authorities Voluntary agencies Private agencies

Unitary authorities (social services departments) Voluntary agencies Private agencies

Local authorities Voluntary agencies Private agencies

Health and Social Care Trusts Voluntary agencies Private agencies

Statutory Social Care Services

Local Authorities (local councils) provide statutory

social care services in the UK. Try to identify below at least 5 examples of statutory social care services

Voluntary and Private Social Care Services

Identify at least 5 examples of voluntary and private

social care services.

Informal Social Care services

Identify at least 5 examples of informal social care

services

Read the Case Study and answer the questions that

follow.

PROVIDERS OF EARLY YEARS SERVICES

Early years organisations and self-employed

practitioners like child-minders provide education and child care services for children under the age of 8. The aim of these services is to help young people to meet their development needs.

Statutory early years services

Try to identify below at least 5 examples of statutory

early years services.

VOLUNTARY EARLY YEARS SERVICES

Identify at least 5 examples of voluntary early years

services.

Private Early Years services

Identify at least 5 examples of private early years

services.

INFORMAL EARLY YEARS SERVICES

Identify at least 5 examples of informal early years

services.

Partnership and multi-agency working

Three main ways that this occurs: Multi-agency panels: in which practitioners employed

by a variety of different care organisations meet regularly as a panel to discuss service users with complex needs. Multi- agency teams: in which a group of care practitioners with different backgrounds are recruited to form a team that provides assessment, intervention and monitoring for groups of service users with specific needs. Integrated Services: in which a range of separate services merge together and work in a collaborative way to meet the board but closely related needs of a particular client group.

 The aims of these are to: Improve access to services not previously available to

service users Make access to services and care practitioner expertise easier and quicker Encourage early identification of and intervention in health, social care and developmental problems Reduce replication of services Provide better links between service providers Provide better quality services Reduce costs of providing care Improve efficiency and effectiveness of local care services