Business Book Summaries
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved
February 9, 2012
The Science of 
Influence
How to Get Anyone to Say Yes in 8 
Minutes or Less!
Kevin Hogan
2011 by Kevin Hogan
Adapted by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISBN: 978-0-470-63418-9
Introduction
In  The  Science  of  Infuence,  author  Kevin  Hogan 
provides  detailed  instruction  on  the  topic  of  per-
suasion.  He  takes  the  latest  fndings  in  behavioral 
research, tests them under real-world conditions, and 
describes what works best in both business and per-
sonal relationships. The book is about geting people 
to change a behavior, an atitude, a product, a service, 
or a relationship. According to Hogan, the process of 
causing change, geting people to question the status 
quo,  and  implementing  change  in  another  persons 
brain requires skill and insight. 
Influencing Others to Change
Short-term  decisions  of  yes  or  no  are  much  easier  to 
achieve than long-term change. Permanent change is 
difcult  because  the  human  brain  is  wired  by  previ-
ous  behavior  to  do  exactly  what  it  has  done  in  the 
past.  However,  new  wiring  can  come  about  through 
repetition of new behaviors and thoughts. That which 
is  familiar  is  the  path  of  least  resistance.  The  person 
who  wants  to  change  a  behavior  probably  will  not 
succeed, regardless of the motivational device, unless 
the changed behavior is consciously and intentionally 
repeated time afer time and day afer day for months, 
at which point it can compete to be the pathway more 
likely to be followed. 
Each  person  has  a  conscious  and  a  nonconscious 
mind.  Even  through  hypnosis,  it  is  impossible  to 
have two-way communication with the nonconscious 
mind, but it is possible to communicate with the con-
scious mind. The conscious and nonconscious minds 
appear  to  have  signifcantly  diferent  personality 
characteristics,  atitudes,  and  motivations.  The  con-
scious  mind  is  able  to  compute,  calculate,  compare, 
contrast, and perform many cognitive functions. The 
nonconscious  mind  makes  rapid-fre  choices  under 
The Science of Influence  Kevin Hogan
Business Book Summaries
  
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved Page 2
stress, which are more ofen right than wrong. It does 
not think per se; it simply directs the body to act. Its 
force  is  usually  strong  and  difcult  to  change  in  the 
short term. Generally, the nonconscious mind acts in 
a way that would be consistent with past behaviors in 
similar situations. 
While the nonconscious mind deals with the present, 
the  conscious  mind  deals  with  the  future.  The  non-
conscious  mind  is  rigid  while  the  conscious  mind  is 
fexible. The nonconscious mind is sensitive to nega-
tive information while the conscious mind is sensitive 
to positive information. Since the brain develops these 
two substantially distinct minds, it is important to real-
ize that both minds have typical behaviors, and those 
behaviors are ofen at odds with each other. Internal 
confict in most people is very real and very normal. 
A  person  may  have  a  conscious  goal,  such  as  losing 
weight or changing jobs. However, the nonconscious 
mind  learned  early  on  to  fear  the  unknown,  making 
the very idea of these changes feel bad. The conscious, 
rational self knows that change should take place, but 
commiting  to  a  plan  to  overcome  the  status  quo  is 
daunting and seemingly counterintuitive. 
People typically seek to make sense of themselves and 
the  world  around  them.  When  they  surprise  them-
selves by what they say and do, they must construct 
a  narrative  that  makes  sense  of  those  behaviors.  For 
example,  all  individuals  carry  painfully  distorted 
memories  that  have  been  stored,  re-stored,  inter-
preted, and reinterpreted. These memories ultimately 
become  false  memories,  which  are  so  common  that 
almost  every  conversation  of  any  length  includes 
references  to  at  least  one  memory  that  never  hap-
pened.  By  recognizing  these  two  defective  elements 
of  the  human  experience,  suspect  memory  and  the 
dual  nature  of  personalities,  one  can  understand  the 
arguments  that  take  place  in  relationships  and  com-
munication between people who have lived through 
the  same  events  and  remembered  and  interpreted 
them diferently. 
The  best  option  for  creating  necessary  changes  is  to 
project  into  the  future  and  speculate  on  what  events 
and experiences might take place. It is possible to gain 
foresight by specifcally seeing oneself in future situa-
tions and determining what course of action will lead 
to the desired outcome. The road to changing the self 
Key Concepts
Kevin  Hogans  The  Science  of  Infuence  pres-
ents  the  best  new  ideas  and  strategies  for 
gaining infuence in the marketplace, including 
these tips:
  Each  person  has  a  conscious  and  a  non-
conscious  mind  which  appear  to  have 
signifcantly  diferent  personality  char-
acteristics,  atitudes,  and  motivations.  To 
infuence  a  person,  one  must  understand 
both.
  Afer  the  frst  impression  has  been  made, 
strategies  for  persuasion,  infuence,  and 
selling are absolutely vital. 
  Credibility  is  the  common  denominator  of 
success and infuence. A person must be the 
expert,  and  must  also  be  perceived  as  the 
expert.  
  The way in which a question is framed can 
have a dramatic efect on peoples thinking. 
  Persuading  most  of  the  people  in  a  large 
group  is  far  easier  than  persuading  one 
individual in a one-on-one seting. 
  Because women are involved in over 80 per-
cent of all buying decisions in most homes, 
infuencing women is now the core factor in 
marketing  and  sales  success  for  almost  all 
products and services.
g g g g
Information about the author and subject: 
www.kevinhogan.com
Information about this book and other business titles:
www.wiley.com
Related summaries in the BBS Library:
The Secret Language of Business
How to Read Anyone in 3 Seconds or Less
Kevin Hogan 
The Science of Influence  Kevin Hogan
Business Book Summaries
  
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved Page 3
is  about  creating  behavioral  change  frst,  which  will 
usually lead to atitudinal change. 
Changing  the  environment  is  uniquely  power-
ful  in  changing  behavior;  there  is  no  greater  single 
infuence.  An  interesting  element  in  changing  the 
environment is that it tends to change the individuals 
behavior frst, rather than atitude. When a person is 
moved  from  one  environment  to 
another,  especially  when  one  is 
unfamiliar with the new environ-
ment, the brain has to change by 
entering  into  a  state  of  fux  and 
becoming  more  suggestible.  The  further  people  are 
removed  from  their  norm,  the  easier  it  becomes  to 
gain their compliance. 
The First Four Seconds
First  impressions  have  great  importance;  when  a 
person  frst  sees  someone  new,  a  lot  happens  in  the 
nonconscious  mind.  The  brain  instantly  tries  to 
categorize the person into a certain type, making judg-
ments  and  evaluations  within  the  frst  four  seconds. 
One way the brain categorizes is to make a judgment 
about  whether  the  person  is  of  high  or  low  status 
within  the  group.  Humans  are  wired  to  be  atracted 
to  the  more  powerful  and  higher-status  individuals. 
The brain also notes the persons chosen emblems and 
adornments, such as clothing, jewelry, or glasses, and 
their level of physical atractiveness. All of this infor-
Short-term decisions of yes or no are much easier than ahiev-
ing long-term change. Permanent change is difficult. Period. 
About the Author
Kevin Hogan is the author of 19 books, includ-
ing the international best sellers The Psychology 
of Persuasion: How to Persuade Other to Your Way 
of  Thinking,  Covert  Persuasion,  and  Irresistible 
Atraction:  Secrets  of  Personal  Magnetism.  He 
has  acted  as  a  body-language  expert  for  Cos-
mopolitan,  Selling  Power,  Womens  World,  First 
for  Women,  In  Touch,  Star,  Mademoiselle,  Play-
boy,  Success!,  the  New  York  Post,  the  Los  Angeles 
Times,  and  many  other  publications.  Kevin  is 
a  dynamic  and  informative  speaker  who  gives 
audiences all around the globe skills and infor-
mation they never thought they would have. 
mation  is  observed,  fltered,  and  categorized  almost 
instantly  by  various  parts  of  the  brain  leading  to  an 
intensely powerful yes-or-no reaction. While there is 
nothing  fair,  politically  correct,  or  reasonable  about 
this process, it is almost always permanent and rarely 
given a conscious thought. Additionally, overcoming 
these  initial  and  instant  impressions  take  an  enor-
mous conscious efort.
A  persons  perceived  level  of  atractiveness  will  be  a 
signifcant  beneft  or  detriment  to  their  career,  their 
relationships, and throughout all aspects of their life. 
The physical atractiveness factor is important in rela-
tionships, culture, and the survival of the species. The 
author states that most researchers agree that nonver-
bal communication and physical appearance make up 
between 50 and 80 percent of the impact of a commu-
nication,  and  cites  many  examples  of  this  in  human 
society. These examples include:
  Professors who are considered physically atrac-
tive by students are perceived to be beter teach-
ers.
  Atractive females receive signifcantly higher 
grades than male students or relatively unatract-
ive females.
  Atractive females are far more convincing than 
females perceived as unatractive.
  Most of the wealth acquired by women in the 
world today is acquired by the most atractive 
women.
  Taller men make more money than their shorter 
counterparts.
In  business  setings,  the  author  advises  employing 
signifcant  preparatory  eforts  to  improve  the  likeli-
hood of drawing a positive response:
  Dress about 10 percent beter than the client is 
expected to dress.
  Emulate, or at least be aware of, the clients values 
and beliefs.
  Mirror the clients speaking and listening pace.
The Science of Influence  Kevin Hogan
Business Book Summaries
  
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved Page 4
  Show an honest and caring interest in the client.
The Delta Model of Influence
Afer  the  frst  impression  has  been  made,  strategies 
for persuasion, infuence, and selling come into play. 
To succeed, it is frst necessary to establish and main-
tain  rapport  with  the  client  or  audience.  There  are 
seven keys to achieving this:
1.  Synchronize with the customer using modeling, 
mirroring, pacing, and matching.
2.  Show true, genuine, and sincere interest in clients 
and customers.
3.  Confrm that rapport has been established.
4.  Find out what is most important to the client or 
customer.
5.  Ask questions to discover the rules that defne the 
customers values.
6.  Ask questions to identify needs.
7.  Ask questions to discover the rules that defne the 
customers needs.
Rapport is established in both verbal and non-verbal 
ways, and is the frst step in the 21 Point Delta Model 
of Infuence as a way to structure efective presenta-
tions.  The  author  uses  the  term  delta  to  mean  small, 
incremental, and subtle. The 21 steps are:
1.  Establishing and maintaining rapport. Be in 
synch with the other person.
2.  Using content to build rapport. Discover what 
peoples interests are and encourage them to talk 
about those interests.
3.  Using processes to build rapport. Develop skills 
to make people comfortable.
4.  Pacing. Match the customers pacing and breath-
ing.
5.  Using the voice. Speak in the same rate and pitch 
of voice as the customer.
6.  Pace breathing. Matching the same breathing 
pace results in two people regarding each other 
more favorably.
7.  Physiology and posture. Match the posture and 
general body position of the client.
8.  Leading. Test for rapport by trying to get the cli-
ent to mirror behaviors.
9.  Leading with the voice. Try to get the client to 
respond to a change in voice tone, rate, or pitch.
10.  Leading with physiology, posture, and move-
ment. When rapport has been established, the 
client will ofen mirror the simplest movements.
11.  Inducing reciprocity. Give a gif or favor that 
will be appreciated.
12.  Sharing. Ofer to help the client.
13.  The common enemy. Align with the customers 
viewpoint and be an ally.
14.  Tell a short story about someone like them. 
15.  Sincerely show respect for 
the person by giving a compli-
ment.
16.  Knock their socks of. Make 
an astonishing claim, share an 
amazing fact, or tell them something few would 
know.
17.  Always give more than was promised.
18.  Use the power of understatement.
19.  Be precise. 
20.  Get it done faster, easier, and beter. Deliver on 
promises and exceed what the competition can 
do.
21.  Be on the edge of your seat. Show intense excite-
ment about the customer.
The author also reveals a series of secrets for opti-
mizing persuasive messages, including:
  Primacy and listing order: There is a huge advan-
tage to being listed frst.
  Knowing when enough is enough: Avoid giving 
too litle or too much information.
Rapport can be defined as being in sync with another person. 
Generally people are more likely to be in rapport with someone 
else if they like that person. 
The Science of Influence  Kevin Hogan
Business Book Summaries
  
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved Page 5
  Repetition: Restating key thoughts, ideas, and 
concepts can be efective.
  Self-referencing: Encourage clients to see them-
selves using the product or service.
  Authority: A person who is considered a credible 
source is more likely to make the sale.
Credibility: The Pivot Point  
of Persuasion
Credibility  is  the  common  denominator  of  success 
and  infuence.  The  perception  of  a  persons  credibil-
ity is critical to their being recognized as a person of 
infuence. Credibility is an emergence of six factors of 
which  the  frst  is  most  crucial  to  success  in  persua-
sion. These factors are:
1.  Competence
2.  Trustworthiness
3.  Expertise
4.  Likability
5.  Composure
6.  Sociability
Building  a  true  competence  level  and  building  a 
perception  of  competence  are  two  separate  projects: 
a  person  must  actually  be  the  expert  in  addition  to 
being perceived as the expert. There are several strate-
gies which can increase the perception of competence, 
such as stressing ones education, 
position,  and  experience,  being 
a  fuid  communicator,  citing 
evidence,  and  inoculating  the 
audience to the opposite point of 
view.
The New Principles of Influence
Over  the  years,  several  new  principles  of  infuence 
have  been  tested  with  signifcant  results.  The  frst 
states that the way in which a question is framed can 
have a dramatic efect on peoples thinking. Another 
is that the majority of people will do far more to avoid 
losing something they already have than they will to 
get something they do not have. This proves that the 
fear of loss is a much greater motivator than the pos-
sibility of gain. A third principle involves freedom of 
choice.  Research  indicates  that  when  faced  with  too 
many choices, most people can become too paralyzed 
to  do  anything  at  all.  People  who  feel  overwhelmed 
simply drop everything, and many fnd it much easier 
to choose when given only a few options. 
Other principles of infuence include these:
  People want what others already have.
  People overestimate the value of what they al-
ready possess. 
  Once people own their actions or own something, 
their behavior and atitudes both begin to change.
  Once a person possesses something, they value 
it more highly than they did when it was in the 
store.
Humankind  has  a  powerful  compulsion  to  care  for 
the larger groups that they are a part of, so salespeo-
ple should atempt to appeal to a greater cause rather 
than to one client. To motivate a person, it can be help-
ful to widen the context to include the company, the 
family, or society. This allows emotional reasoning to 
engage.
Competition between individuals and groups is what 
naturally  selects  winners  and  losers  in  society.  The 
author suggests that when asking a customer to pur-
chase a product, the seller should appeal subtly to the 
fact that owning the product will ofer an advantage 
in society, within the group, or against competitors. 
Persuading most of the people in a large group is far 
easier than persuading one individual in a one-on-one 
seting.  Groupthink  takes  over,  encouraging  people 
to  follow  the  vocal  proponents  of  a  proposition.  For 
example,  the  more  people  there  are  in  a  group,  the 
more  likely  that  the  vast  majority  will  comply  with 
whatever the leader is proposing. 
Another important principle is the inherent need for 
humans  to  feel  wanted.  Physical,  psychological,  and 
emotional growth are all infuenced by a persons per-
ception  of  being  wanted.  In  selling,  the  salesperson 
Credibility matters. Credibility is the pivot point in influence. 
Unfortunately, it doesnt initially matter whether you have 
credibility (or are credible); it matters whether you are per-
ceived that way. 
The Science of Influence  Kevin Hogan
Business Book Summaries
  
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved Page 6
needs  to  make  it  clear  to  the  customer  that  they  are 
wanted and important in order to gain their trust, and 
their business.
Other  recommended  sales  tactics  include  implying 
that the purchase will result in good outcomes for the 
buyers group, and suggesting that the purchase will 
prevent  the  buyer  from  losing  something  that  they 
already  own.  Also,  having  the  prospect  take  notes 
during  the  conversation  will  create  more  efective 
engagement. 
Introduction to Omega Strategies
An omega strategy is a strategy specifcally designed to 
reduce  resistance  to  a  sales  message  without  adding 
value to the ofer, and it is another vital tactic used to 
increase infuence. A polarity response, or reactance, 
occurs  when  a  person  does  exactly  the  opposite  of  a 
recommended  action.  There  are  two  kinds  of  resis-
tance:  the  frst  is  caused  by  reactance  (a  knee-jerk 
defection  of  anything  that  infringes  on  personal 
choice or freedom), and the second is caused by antic-
ipated regret of complying, or failing to comply, with 
a  request.  People  tend  to  behave  in  a  way  that  they 
believe  is  consistent  with  their  past  statements  and 
behaviors. It is important not to allow a negative reac-
tion  to  take  place  because  once  people  have  taken  a 
public  stand  on  an  issue,  it  is  increasingly  more  dif-
fcult  to  get  them  to  change  their  minds.  Generally, 
people would like to comply if they can see a way to 
do so since they simply do not want to have regrets, 
so it is best to evaluate the possible outcome of both 
compliance  and  non-compliance.  This  exercise  of 
looking at both sides increases the chance of compli-
ance dramatically.
Framing Principles, Persuasion, 
Techniques, and Influential Strategies
The  way  options  and  choices  are  framed  is  incred-
ibly important to the outcome of a situation. Research 
about frames and choices indicates the following:
  People do not necessarily decide what is best for 
them; they decide what presentation of fact, or 
framing, is more atractive.
  Because people succumb to the presentation of 
facts and not to reality itself, it is important to 
look at important decisions from all points of 
view.
  People will lock in a sure gain in favor of any risk 
in the future, but they will let their losses continue 
to accumulate. 
The  foot  in  the  door  technique  involves  geting  the 
client  to  say  yes  to  a  simple  and 
small  request  immediately  before 
asking for a big yes. The larger the 
frst  request  that  is  agreed  to,  the 
more  likely  the  person  or  com-
pany  will  say  yes  to  the  second 
and more important request. 
The brain tends to remember what happens frst and 
last  in  sequences,  events,  and  life  in  general.  When 
considering  the  choice  of  going  frst  or  last,  the  key 
determining factor for positioning is the elapsed time 
between the events. The shorter the elapsed time, the 
beter it is to go frst. The longer the elapsed time, the 
beter it is to go last. Things in the middle are harder 
to remember.
When  making  decisions,  people  are  likely  to  behave 
in the following ways:
  They rationalize their emotional decisions instead 
of making rational decisions.
  They make decisions emotionally when the an-
swer to a question or proposition is not obvious.
  They make decisions impulsively, and then stand 
by their impulses as if the decisions were made 
rationally.
  They make decisions on their own instead of seek-
ing the counsel of others.
People  tend  to  dramatically  overestimate  their 
decision-making  skills.  They  remember  their  good 
decisions and think they are good at decision making. 
They also tend to overrate expert advice. 
Applying the Laws of Influence
Gaining the cooperation and compliance of others is 
critical to the process of persuasion. The author iden-
Always remember: What people say and think they will do 
bears little relationship to their actual actions. Its not that 
people are ill willed or have bad intentions; people simply are 
lousy predictors of their future actions.
The Science of Influence  Kevin Hogan
Business Book Summaries
  
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved Page 7
tifes ten Laws of Infuence that should be followed in 
gaining compliance from others: 
1.  Law of Reciprocity: When a person is given some-
thing of perceived value, they immediately want 
to give something back.
2.  Law of Time: Changing someones time perspec-
tive helps them to make diferent decisions.
3.  Law of Contrast: When two things that are rela-
tively diferent are placed near each other in time, 
space, or thought, they are seen as more diferent 
and it is easier to distinguish which is more desir-
able.
4.  Law of Friends: When a person is asked to do 
something by a person they perceive to have their 
best interest in mind, they are 
strongly motivated to fulfll 
the request.
5.  Law of Expectancy: When a 
person is asked to perform a 
task by someone they respect, 
they will tend to fulfll this persons expectation, 
whether positive or negative.
6.  Law of Consistency: When an individual an-
nounces in writing that they are taking a position 
on an issue or point of view, they will strongly 
tend to defend that position, regardless of its ac-
curacy, even in the face of overwhelming evidence 
to the contrary.
7.  Law of Association: People tend to like the 
products, services, and ideas that are endorsed by 
individuals they like and respect.
8.  Law of Scarcity: When a person believes that 
something desirable is limited in quantity, they 
will perceive the value of that thing to be greater 
than if it were available in abundance.
9.  Law of Conformity: Most people tend to agree 
to proposals, products, or services that will be 
perceived as acceptable by the majority of other 
people.
10.  Law of Power: People have power over others 
to the degree that they are perceived as having 
greater authority, strength, or expertise.
The Influential Secret of Oscillation
Hogan  asserts  that  oscillating  beliefs  and  values  are 
important  in  successfully  understanding  and  per-
suading  others.  Almost  all  decisions  that  require 
conscious  thought  fnd  people  oscillating  back  and 
forth about what to do, especially before the decision 
point.  Once  someone  has  been  persuaded,  there  is  a 
very good chance they will go through oscillations of 
regret, sometimes so great that they will change their 
mind.  This  reaction  can  be  avoided  by  allowing  the 
person to anticipate their regret prior to the decision 
point  so  that  they  will  be  expecting  the  regret  and 
react  in  a  less  intense  fashion.  People  oscillate  when 
something is important and entails tangible risks both 
in the change and in the status quo.
Mind Reading: How to Know  
What They Are Thinking
Most  people  experience  fear  when  it  comes  to 
communication  in  almost  any  context.  They  feel 
uncomfortable  puting  their  feelings  and  thoughts 
on  the  table  for  fear  that  they  will  be  hurt  in  some 
way.  When  people  hide  their  thoughts  and  feelings, 
it  makes  communication  difcult.  Honesty  becomes 
compromised  and  the  outcome  is  poor  for  every-
one.  When  a  person  does  not  express  what  they  are 
thinking  or  feeling,  it  is  possible  to  determine  those 
thoughts  and  feelings  by  using  body  language,  psy-
chographics, evolutionary psychology, psychobiology, 
cultural beliefs, religious beliefs, peer pressures, psy-
chological  profles,  and  expectancies.  The  more  that 
is  known  about  an  individual  or  group,  the  easier  it 
is to uncover their thoughts and feelings to gain their 
compliance.
Ill Think About It
Choice  reduction  is  another  tool  that  has  the  power 
to  infuence  peoples  thinking.  The  more  choices  a 
person  has,  the  less  appealing  each  of  those  choices 
appears. Therefore, a person, product, or service that 
is  diferentiated  from  others  will  appear  to  be  more 
The ethical use of influence is never more necessary than when 
you have good intelligence about your client and customer. 
Knowledge is potential power, and that power can just as eas-
ily be used for good as it can be for bad. 
The Science of Influence  Kevin Hogan
Business Book Summaries
  
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved Page 8
valuable and important. In addition, people who are 
given few choices are happier with their decision later 
on.
How Their Brain Buys... You!
People anticipate purchasing their usual brand prior 
to even arriving at the store. They believe they spend 
time weighing their decisions in stores, but this is not 
true.  Their  decision  was  already  made  on  an  uncon-
scious  level.  People  make  many  buying  decisions 
based  on  trust,  so  it  is  important  to  build  trust  into 
a  company  name  or  brand.  People  typically  do  not 
think  about  what  they  are  going  to  do;  they  simply 
do it and then communicate a reason that best fts the 
circumstances.
There is a six-step process that businesses can use to 
infuence a client to purchase a particular product or 
service:
1.  Get their atention
2.  Hold their atention
3.  Have a bold promise
4.  Detach any previous commitment
5.  Over-deliver on the promise
6.  Get them so excited that they will tell others 
I Will Do the Work for You: Magic 
Words That Unlock Minds
Learning how stories can weave into information can 
help to generate the feelings and emotions that move 
people.  Businesses  and  relationships  revolve  around 
fxing  problems  and  bringing  ones  life  as  close  as 
possible  to  those  things  that  are  desired.  The  con-
cept  of  business  versus  personal  does  not  exist  in 
the  human  mind,  making  the  creation  of  both  busi-
ness  and  culture  arbitrary  constructs.  To  the  human 
mind, it is all personal, so using words to form images 
that the prospect can relate to on a personal level is an 
overarching principle of infuence.
The Power of Thinking without Thinking
Despite the quality of a product, people make choices 
about what to buy based mostly on the words, design, 
and appearance of the product label. The perception a 
person has about a product causes them to do things 
that  logic  or  reality  never  would  because  it  defnes 
their identity. Ofen times, consumers abandon prod-
ucts that fail to diferentiate them from others.   
Influence in Sales and Marketing 
Online and in the Real World
In the end, there are seven major reasons why people 
choose to buy a certain product or service:
1.  The infuence of emotions, such as fear and pas-
sion
2.  The infuence of perceived value based on quan-
tity or quality
3.  The infuence of expectation 
of results
4.  The infuence of referrals 
from trusted friends, family, or 
business associates
5.  The infuence of recognition
6.  The infuence of necessity
7.  The principle of presentation
The Problem and Opportunity of Memory 
in Influence
One  problem  that  continually  disrupts  a  persons 
opinions  of  a  product  is  the  creation  of  false  memo-
ries. By simply telling a story that could have happened 
to a client, and supporting it with a piece of tangible 
evidence  such  as  a  photograph,  a  false  memory  and 
opinion can be created. This can be both hurtful, since 
competitors  can  present  false  memories  about  one 
another to customers, and helpful, since it is possible 
to rectify the situation by creating new memories. 
Women: Influencing Women to Buy
Since  women  are  involved  in  over  80  percent  of  all 
buying  decisions  in  the  home,  infuencing  women  is 
now  the  core  factor  in  marketing  and  sales  success 
for  almost  all  products  and  services.  Additionally, 
millions  of  women  are  in  charge  of  purchasing  for 
divisions, departments, ofces, and entire companies. 
The power of suggestion combined with tangential evidence 
is enough to cause someone to believe something ridiculous or 
even bizarre, something you wouldnt have thought possible. 
The brain is completely malleable as far as memory is con-
cerned.
The Science of Influence  Kevin Hogan
Business Book Summaries
  
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved Page 9
To  successfully  infuence  the  female  market,  a  sales 
representative  must  care  about  her  and  get  to  know 
about her and her life. It is critical to understand her 
needs to be able to ofer exceptional solutions. There 
are four keys to selling to women:
1.  Women are busy people, so they need products 
and services that make their lives easier, smooth-
er, and beter.
2.  They do not have time to spend researching and 
analyzing everything they buy.
3.  They value the opinions of those they feel they 
can trust.
4.  They want good buys, easy shopping, a relation-
ship with the seller, and honesty.
Because a womans life ofen revolves around others, 
the seller should explain how the purchase will ben-
eft  her  family,  loved  ones,  friends,  and  business 
associates.  Women  buy  with  other  women  in  mind, 
and with the opinions of other women in mind. Also, 
women  are  multitasking  achievers  who  are  always 
seeking new ways to complete all that they have to do 
with ease and at a record pace. The seller who helps 
them  fnd  ways  to  do  this  will  earn  their  trust  and 
their business.
g g g g
Features of the Book
Reading Time: 5 hours, 286 Pages 
In  The  Science  of  Infuence,  author  Kevin  Hogan 
presents  new  ideas  and  strategies  for  mastering  the 
art  of  persuasion.  The  book  is  writen  in  a  nontech-
nical and highly readable style, and ofen seems like 
the transcript from one of the authors popular work-
shops.  Hogans  advice  would  be  of  greatest  value  to 
anyone who wishes to increase their ability to infuence 
others,  particularly  in  the  area  of  sales.  Self-assess-
ment exercises and tests are provided throughout the 
book to help readers measure their skills and knowl-
edge. There are also special techniques referred to as 
$10,000 Keys and Golden Keys ofered through-
out the book that can be easily applied to a variety of 
life occurrences and sales situations. 
Contents
About the Author
Preface
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1: Infuencing Others to Change
Chapter 2: The First Four Seconds
Chapter 3: The Delta Model of Infuence
Chapter 4: Credibility: The Pivot Point of Persuasion
Chapter 5: The New Principles of Infuence
Chapter 6: Introduction of Omega Strategies
Chapter  7:  Framing  Principles,  Persuasion  Tech-
niques, and Infuential Strategies 
Chapter 8: Applying the Laws of Infuence
Chapter 9: The Infuential Secret of Oscillation
Chapter 10: Mind Reading: How to Know What They 
Are Thinking
Chapter 11: Ill Think About It
Chapter 12: How Their Brain Buys You!
Chapter  13:  I  Will  Do  the  Work  for  You:  Magic 
Words That Unlock Minds
Chapter 14: The Power of Thinking without Thinking
Chapter 15: Infuence in Sales and Marketing Online 
and in the Real World
Chapter 16: The Problem and Opportunity of Memory 
in Infuence
Chapter 17: Women: Infuencing Women to Buy
Bibliography
Index
Need a Speaker?
The Science of Influence  Kevin Hogan
Business Book Summaries
  
February 9, 2012  Copyright  2012 EBSCO Publishing Inc.  All Rights Reserved Page 10
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