Research Proposal

Project Title: The Effect of the Varying Strength of Electromagnetism on the Growth of Mung Beans
Proponents:

Project Cost: 1,000
I. INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
Farmers even other people plant trees, fruits and vegetables and other plants in order for us to
have food to eat. But waited for too long for these to grow and be harvested. Many of us are not aware
that magnetism and plant growth are related to each other. In 1862, Louis Pasteur discovered that
magnetism affects growth of plants when he was experimenting on the fundamentals of fermentation. He
found that the earths magnetism affects the growth of plants. This concept can be effectively utilized in
agricultural areas. Plant growth can be stimulated by treating the seeds, water, soil and nutrients in soil.
Magnetism is a renewable source of energy that can enhance growth. This strategy is used for agricultural
development in Israel. People with such problems in growing their plants, could benefit from using
electromagnetism. So, researchers are now looking forward for the effectiveness and the success of their
research using electromagnetism to the growth of the plant.

Statement of the problem
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the varying strength of
electromagnetism on the growth of mongo plant and to answer the following questions:
1. Does the low strength of electromagnetism have significant effect on the growth of
mongo plant?
2. Does the high strength of electromagnetism have significant effect on the growth of
mongo plant?

Hypotheses
1. Does low strength of electromagnetism effective on making the growth of mongo plant
faster?
2. Does high strength of electromagnetism effective on making the growth of mongo plant
faster?

Significance of the study
Farmers plant trees, fruits, vegetables and other plants but they wait for too long to grow
their plants and harvests these. On the other hand, electromagnetism can be effective on the
growth of plant (mongo). Knowing the effects of this on the plant particularly on the length of its
stem, number of leaves, and the number it bear can help the people to appreciate it and
encourage them to use it. This is especially for farmers or those who wants to grow their plant
(mongo) faster or easily. Even if they will spend money for the materials needed but still their
efforts and money will not be wasted because this will be very useful and helpful on the growth
of their plants.

Scope and limitations
This study focuses on the effectiveness of the varying strength of electromagnetism on the
growth of mongo beans. This is applicable to those people who wants to grow their mongo beans
plant or even other plants faster/easily. In this research, 30 mongo beans are to be studied. 10
mongo beans are planted on each container with treatments. These treatments are without
electromagnetism, with low electromagnetism, and with high electromagnetism. Three containers
with a length of 6 inches and a width of 12 inches, 30 pcs. of mongo seeds, enough amount of
water (40 ml of water twice a day) to make the soil wet, 12 inches ruler or meter stick,
electromagnet having a strength of 0.33 and 0.49 Tesla are needed in this experiment. This
research will be conducted in our house so that it will be observe always.



II. Literature Review
Source: http://www.ysjournal.com/article.asp?issn=0974-
6102;year=2012;volume=5issue=11;spage=38;epage=42;aulast=Fu
Magnetism and plant growth are related to each other. Pasteur (1862) discovered that
magnetism affects growth of plants when he was experimenting on the fundamentals of
fermentation.
Also, De Souza et. al (not indicated when it was published) showed that the growth and yield of
lettuce could be improved by treatment of its seeds before they were grown, using rectified
sinusoidal non-uniform electromagnetic fields. It was observed that magnetism has effects on
lettuce at the nursery, vegetative, and maturity stage, including a significant effect in root length
and shoot height, a greater growth rate, and a significant increase in plant height, leaf area, and
fresh mass.
Further data show that the magnetic field induced by the voltage of a specific waveform
enhanced or inhibited mongo bean growth, depending on the frequencies, which suggests that the
magnetic field on plant growth may be sensitive to the waveform and frequency of the source
electrical voltage.
Cakmak et. al and Vashisth et.al (not indicated when it was also published) both found that static
magnetic field accelerated germination and early growth of wheat and bean seeds, and chickpeas
respectively. They also found that the responses of the plant to static magnetic field varied with
field strength and duration of exposure with no particular trend.
However, as indicated by the past studies, weak magnetic field exhibited negative effects
on plant growth. For instance, exposure to magnetic field inhibited early growth of radish
seedlings with decrease in the weight and leaf area. An interesting result is that the biological
effect of a magnetic field is different between the south and north poles. Radish seedlings had a
significant tropic response to the south pole of the magnet and no significant response to the
other pole. It is theorized that the south pole of the magnet enhances plant and bacterial growth
by conferring energy, whereas the North Pole retards their growth.
Magnetism really affects the growth of plant according to some researchers. This might be
affected by the strength of the magnet and the kind of the magnet to be used.
III. Methodology
This research focuses on the study of using the varying strength of electromagnetism on
the growth of mongo plant.
The materials to be used in this study are:
Water
Sunlight
Ruler
Container for the soil and plant seeds
Electromagnet
Loamy soil
Plant seeds
Magnifier
Simple Random Sampling (SRS) is used in assigning the 24 mongo seeds in our
experiment. Then, the 24 mongo seeds will be distributed to the treatments using draw lots. This
experiment involves three treatments and each treatment is replicated eight times. Each container
will consists of 8 mongo seeds and subjected to three treatments. The treatments are without
electromagnetism, with low strength of electromagnetism, and with high strength of
electromagnetism. The type of research design used is Completely Randomized Design (CRD).
The result is the following:
24 mongo seeds

Without with low strength of with high strength of
Electromagnetism Electromagnetism Electromagnetism
20, 17, 5, 24, 18, 12, 13, 14, 4, 11, 3, 10
23, 7, 15, 9 22, 8, 19, 21 6, 1, 16, 2





Procedure during the experimentation
1. The independent variable in this research is the varying strength of electromagnetism- low
and high. The dependent variable is the growth of plant which it includes the germination
rate, plant height, and leaf size. The control variable are the kind of plant seeds, amount
of water, amount of sunlight, and kind of soil.
2. Prepare 3 rectangular plastic container (with a drainage hole in the bottom) each with a
length of 6 inches and a width of 12 inches.
3. Place loamy soil in each container of at least 3 to 5 inches deep.
4. Plant seeds (mongo) on the layer of the soil (1 inch deep) in each container. 8 seeds are
planted on each of the rectangular container with a space of 2 to 4 inches from each other.
4.1 In the second container, an electromagnet having a low strength is placed at the center
of the container surrounded by the seeds.
4.2 In the third container, an electromagnet having a high strength is placed at the center of
the container surrounded by the seeds.
5. Each container is placed outside in the east direction and exposed to the sunlight in daytime.
The soil in each soil is kept wet by watering once every day so that the soil surface is
neither dry nor completely wet.
6. The changes weekly on the plant growth (like the number of seeds that have germinated,
stem height and size of leave) and plant health (such as color of leaves, and spots or holes
due to pests and diseases) will be observe and recorded in the table below.

Conditions
and variables
to be observe
TIME
After
1 wk.
After
2
wks.
After
3
wks.
After
4
wks.
After
5
wks.
After
6
wks.
After
7
wks.
After
8
wks.
After
9
wks.
After
11
wks.
After
12
wks.
After
13
wks.
After
14
wks.
After
15
Wks.
Container 1(w/o electromagnet)
Leaf size

Stem height

No. of seeds
germinated


Color of
leaves


Spots or holes

Container 2 (w/ low strength of electromagnet)
Leaf size

Stem height

No. of seeds
germinated

Color of
leaves

Spots or holes

Container 3 (w/ high strength of electromagnet)
Leaf size

Stem height

No. of seeds
germinated

Color of
leaves

Spots or holes






Conditions
and variables
to be observe
TIME
After
1 wk.
After
2
wks.
After
3
wks.
After
4
wks.
After
5
wks.
After
6
wks.
After
7
wks.
After
8
wks.
After
9
wks.
After
11
wks.
After
12
wks.
After
13
wks.
After
14
wks.
After
15
Wks.
Container 1(w/o electromagnet)
Leaf size

Stem height

No. of seeds
germinated


Color of
leaves


Spots or holes

Container 2 (w/ low strength of electromagnet)
Leaf size

Stem height

No. of seeds
germinated

Color of
leaves

Spots or holes

Container 3 (w/ high strength of electromagnet)
Leaf size

Stem height

No. of seeds
germinated

Color of
leaves

Spots or holes












V. Timetable
Activities Month
Phase I
Review of related literature
June
Phase II
Making of Experimental Design
July- August
Phase III
Preparing the materials needed
August
Phase IV
Actual Experiments
October- December
Phase V
a. Organizing, processing, analysis
and interpretation of data
b. Preparation and printing of the
final paper
c. Preparation for science exhibit
January- February


VI. Bibliography
INTERNET SOURCES
http://www.ysjournal.com/article.asp?issn=0974-
6102;year=2012;volume=5issue=11;spage=38;epage=42;aulast=Fu