M USCLE LIST
General A&P C. J. SHUSTER
Id Muscles, Know Origin/insertions and Actions for Class and Lab
Dashed Lines (----) means that the student can ignore this section.
MUSCLE ORIGIN/INSERTION ACTION
A. Face, Skull & Neck: Open/close mouth & eyes, chewing, swallowing, facial expressions, move head.
Orb icularis O culi ----- Blinking, Squinting
Platysma ----- -----
Zygomaticus ----- Smiling Muscle
Masseter Zygomatic A rch/Ramus of M andible Back & Forth of Jaw
Tempo ralis Tem poral Fo ssa/Coronoid P rocess Elevate M andible
Orb icularis O ris ----- Close M outh
Diga stric ----- Swallowing
Pharyngeal Constrictor Group ----- Swallowing
Sternum & Clavicle/M astoid Pro cess
Sternocleid oma stoid Head, neck flexion, Rotation Skull
of Temporal
B. Back : Movement of head & trunk (vertebral column)
Erector Spinae Group ----- Extension of Back
NO TE : flexion of vertebrae is done by the abdominal muscles ( See below).
C. Thorax : Breathing
Diaphragm Inferior Border of Rib Cage Flattens on Contraction
----
Interna l & External Interco stals Border of Ribs
D. Abdom inals: M ovem ent of Tru nk + abd om inal co ntents
Rectus Ab dom inis Pubic Crest/Xiphoid Process Flex Lumbar Vertebrae
External & Internal Obliques ----- Synergist w/Re ctus Abdo minis
Transverse Ab dom inis ----- Compress Ab dom inal Co ntents
E. Pelvic Floor
None Needed
MUSCLE ORIGIN/INSERTION ACTION
F. Sholder Joint: -Rotate, Abduct/Adduct & Flex/Extend
Clavicle, Sternum, Ribs 1-6,
Pectoralis Major Arm Flexion at shoulder
Abdom inal Ap oneurosis
Trapezius
----- Raise, Rotate, Stabilize Scapulae
Rho mbo id
(No te: if this muscle is not sho wn in
the lab book, look it up in the lecture ----- Adduct Arm at Shoulder
book or one of the other books
available)
Arm Extension and Adduction at
Latissimus Do rsi -----
Shoulder
Lateral 1/3 of Clavical, Acromion &
Deltoid Spine of Sc apula/De ltoid T uberosity Arm Abduction at Shoulder
of Humerus
Fossa, Lateral Border & posterior
Rotator Cup G roup Surface of Scapula/Greater & Lesser Stabilize Shoulder Joint
Tubercles of Hum erus
H. Elbow Joint-Rotate & Flex/Extend F orearm
Tricepts B rachii Scapula & H umerus/Radius Extensor of Forearm
Distal 2 of Humerus/Co rono id
Bra cialis Flexor of Forearm
Process of Ulna
Bra chioradialis ----- Synergist in Flexion of Forearm
Coracoid Process & Lip of G lenoid
Biceps B rachii Flexion of Elbow, supinates forearm
Cavity/Radial Tubero sity
Flexors/Extendors o f Forearm ----- Flex/Extend Fingers & W rist
Pronator Teres ----- Pronate Forearm
I. Hip & Knee Joint -Rotate, Abduct/Adduct & Flex/Extend
Muscles Often Flex & Extend B OT H H ip & Knee. K now Bo th; Usually Oppo site (i.e., they flex the hip and
extend the knee or vic-a-versa)
Sartorius ----- Flex/R otate T high at H ip
Ischial & Pubic Bone N ear the
Adductors Gro up Adduction of T high at H ip
Symphysis/Medial Aspect of Femur
All have insertion on Patella & Tibial
Quadriceps Group Tubero sity
* Rectus Fem oris Origin: Iliac & Bo rder of Acetabulum Extend K nee, Flex Hip
* Vastus Lateralis Origin: Greater Trochanter Extend Knee
* Vastus Medialis ----- Extend Knee
* Vastus Interm edialis Origin: Fem ur Sha ft Extend Knee
MUSCLE ORIGIN/INSERTION ACTION
For all of them:
Hamstring Group: For all of them:
Ischial Tuberosity/Head of Fibula,
* Bicep s Fem oris Antagonist to Quadriceps; all flex
Medial Condyle & Proximal Shaft of
* Semitendinous knee & extend hip
Tib ia
* Semimembranous
Gluteus Maximus & Medias Ilium/Trochanter of Femur Extend T high at H ip
J. Calf Muscles: Movement at Ankle and Knee
Tibialis Anterior ----- Dorsiflexion
Medial & Lateral Condyles of
Gastrocnemius & Achilles Tendon Plantar Flexion
Femur/Calcaneus
Soleus ----- Plantar Flexion
