Word Formqtion

Prelixes are syllables which we add before certain

words to form new words. The meaning of the new word
depends on the prefix that has been used.

antF

= against (antisocial)

bi- = two (biannual)

co- = with (co-driver)
counter- = in the opposite direction (counteract)
ex-

pack

-al
-ance

arrive

-ence

-ion
-ment
-sion
-sis
-tion

inter- = between (international)

mis- = done wrongly or badly (misiudge)
mono- = one (monologue)
multi- = many (multicultural)
noh- = nol (non-smoker)
out- = more, betler (outgrow)

-ure
-v

ovr- = (done) to a great extent (overconfident)

post- - after (postgraduate)
pre- = before (prehistoric)
Pro- = in favour of (proactive)
ne- = again (reconsider)
semi- = halt (semi-final)

sub- = under, less (subzero,)

super- = big, more (supersfar)
trans- = (travel) lrom one side, group etc to another

The prefixes below are used to express opposite

meanings.

de- deactivate,dehydration
dis- disability,disagree
in- inactive, inexistent BUT il- (before l) illegible
unreliable

-ic
-ical
-ish

- enthusi astic
auto b iog ra p hy - auto b i o g ra p h ica I
child

-ive

effect

-lul

care - caretul
breath - breafhless
dominance - dominant
comfort - comfortable
rock - rocky
week - weekly

-ly

-able
-ible

Suflixes are syllables which we add to the end of

-ive
-ate

certain words to form new words.

-ent

.
.

'ing
invent

-ed

burglar)

noun/verb/adjective + -lst (science - sclentist,

pacify - pacifist active - activist)
verb + -anU-ent (assisf - assisfant, correspondcorrespondent)
noun + -an/-lan (republic - republican, diet dietician)
verb + -ee (train - trainee)

dangerous

env i ro n m

ntal

enfhusrast

childish
effective

Adjectives formed lrom verbs

Some prefixes are added to words to form verbs.

en- circle - encircle
BUTem- (before b, m, p) body-embody,empower

honesty

danger

'v

honest

envi ron ment

unemployed, unlucky

- manager,

- uni$

-al

non-smokefnon-stop

inventor, burgle

unite

-ous

-less
-ant
-able

im- (before b, m, p) imbalance,immoral,

improbable ir- (before r) irregular BUT

Nouns referring to people

. verb + -er/-orl-ar (manage

package
- arrival
accept - acceptance
alter - alteration
reside - resldence
edit - edition
base - basement
conclude - conclusion
analyse - analysis
recognise - recognition
depart - departure

Adjectives formed lrom nouns

under- = not enough (undercooked)

uni- = one (unicycle)

Nouns formed from adjectives

-ance
arrogant - arrogance
-cy
fluent - fluency
-ence
convenient - convenience
-ion
direct - direction
-iness
happy - happiness
-ness
conscious - consciousness
major - majority
'ity
-ty
cruel - cruelty

'v

(transatlantic)
tri- = three (triathlon)

un-

'age

-ation

previous, former (ex-wife)

non- unrealistic,

Nouns formed from verbs

believe
access

believable
accessible
exhaust - exhaustive
consider - considerate
depend - dependent
frighten - frightening (describes what
someone or something is)
interest - interested (describes how
someone feels)

Verbs formed from adjectives

-en

short

-lse

modern

shorten
- modernise

Verbs formed from nouns

length

- lengthen

Word Formqtion
Il

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold using the appropriate prefix.
Students organised a(n)
around the world.

2
3

6
7
8
9

10
11
12

13
14
15
16

............

Mary is
A ................
during a flight.
The football team launched a

protest against conflicts

......... as she speaks both English and ltalian fluently.

is always on board the aircraft to assist the captain

......... flights in over 69 countries

United Airlines covers
worldwide.
Please don't ...........
me; I don't mean to be rude.
Jack is a ............
and owns his own private jet and island.
Access to the swimming pool is prohibited to ...............
Jake always tries to
......... everybody else in the class.
Make sure you don't
......... as you will miss the train.
Matthew enrolled to do a
......... course after completing his
first degree.
young children learn important social
By attending a ................
skills by interacting with other children.
I was asked to ...............
my assignment all over again as my
professor thought it was unsatisfactory.
The Smiths thought it would be better to move into a .........
house in the suburbs.
She used the .............
to get to the other side of the road much

CONTINENTAL

..........

Spiderman is a fictional, comic book

special powers.

18

Many police officers and firefighters often complain that they are
......... for the dangerous work that they do.
This school requires all students to wear a ................

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12

PILOT
ATTACK

17

El

LINGUAL

...........
against their opponent
and scored.
After linalising their divorce, Jane has no contact whatsoever with her

safely.

19

WAR

who has lots of

HUSBAND

UNDERSTAND

MILLIONAIRE
MEMBERS
DO

SLEEP
GRADUATE

scHooL
WRITE
DETACHED
WAY

HERO

PAID
everyday.

FORM

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming nouns referring to people.
A qualified ski ...........
will show you how to use the necessary
equipment.
......... to help her get back into shape.
She hired a fitness
Ralph pursued a highly successful musical career as a ...........
and composer.
A Clinic is looking for an experienced
......... for its medical

INSTRUCT
TRAIN
PIANO
TYPE

office.

Samantha is a qualified .............

and holds teaching seminars
in different countries around the world.
Pedro claims to be a
......... of King Juan Carlos I of Spain.
Jane is currently a medical
......... at Harvard University.
David Copperfield is a world famous and successful ..............
who's won lots of awards.
Local
......... decided to set up a neighbourhood watch.
The examiner asked the .............
to compare the two pictures.
The radio station reported an increase in ...............
this year.
You should be careful when driving to look out for

EDUCATIONAL
DESCEND
STUDY
MAGIC
RESIDE
EXAMINE
LISTEN
CYCLE

Word Formqtion
Et

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming nouns from verbs.

1
To get to the caf6 you have to walk down a narrow
2 The campaign aims to draw

people's

3
4
5
6
7

I
I

10
11

12

PASS

......... to the harmful

effects of pollution on the environment.

There seems to be extreme ................

between the two

companres.
Whatever you choose is really just a matter of personal .................
I have household
......... in case I ever get burgled.
Jim has announced his ..............
to step down as manager.
They were very lucky to escape the accident without
The university required a letter of ...............
........ with my application form.
The car broke down due to engine
This manual provides a clear
......... of how to install the
program on your computer.
We accept cards and cash as methods of ...............
Our school puts great
.... on communication and social skills.

H Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming nouns from adjectives.
1 Her
......... as a film star has earned her much success
within the industry.
Sandra is trying to improve her
every day.

.............

by cycling to work

............
between NewYork City and Los Angeles is about
3,960km.
4 Many celebrities do not want their ...........
invaded by reporters.
5 The lawyer hoped that the new evidence would prove his defendant's
The

6
7

El
1

6
7
8
9
10
11

12

He tries to

Fred's

achieve

Samuel had

............

......... in everything that he does.

......... to his lriends is his best feature.
in understanding the maths exercise.

ATTEND
COMPETE
PREFER
INSURE
DECIDE
INJURE
RECOMMEND
FAIL
EXPLAIN
PAY

EMPHASISE

POPULAR
FIT
DISTANT
PRIVATE

INNOCENT
PERFECT
LOYAL
DIFFICULT

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming adiectives from nouns.
Susie is really ..........
she paints the most beautiful paintings.
It was great to see the villagers performing their ...........
dance
during the festival.
The ............
model of the computer costs less and has fewer
features.
My school was founded by a very
......... man who believed
education should be free.
He's my favourite sportsman because he's such a(n) ............
athlete.
My dog might look mean but he's completely ............
The Adder is the only
......... snake in Britain.
Make sure you arrange the liles in ...............
............. order.
My little brother is such a(n) ............
child; he's always
running around.
I wish I could buy that watch, but it's too .............
for me.
fish inside.
Sandra has an aquarium with lots of ...............
My father is a very sensible person, who always makes
decisions.

ART
TRADITION
BASE
WEALTH

BRILLIANCE
HARM
POISON

ALPHABET
ENERGY
EXPENSE
COLOUR
LOGIC

Word Formqtion
ffiil
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming adiectives from verbs.

I don't think this car is very

lt keeps breaking down.
Julie is a very
......... woman;she's so pretty.
Susan is a(n)
......... girl that you can always rely on.
lt was very ...........
of you to help out at the fundraiser.
That was a(n)
. fitm. I reaily enjoyed it.
Completing the marathon was a
. experience.
Tom was ............
........ by the news that his sister was getting married.

El

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming verbs from adjectives/nouns.

to

the screw as much as you can so it won't

You have
come loose.

...............
...............
............

2 The youth center started a campaign to

3 You can do these simple exercises to
4 Laura loves going out and

street out.

your muscles.
with her friends at

weekends.
Anne's nail varnish takes five minutes to ...............

Ef,
1

TIGHT
LEGAL
STRENGTH

soctAL
HARD

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming the opposite from the words given.
He felt like he had been working
desperately needed a holiday.

................

all year and

2 I strongly
......... having to wait in long queues.
3 Our trip to Venice was an
......... experience.
4 The company's estimate of the cost of the project was completely
5
6

RELY

ATTRACT
RESPOND
CONSIDER
EXCEL
SATISFY
DELIGHT

lt is quite

LIKE
FORGETTABLE
ACCURATE

..........

Some food starts to

fridge.

7 lt is
8 lt's almost

STOP

...............

for her to be late for work.

when you leave it out of the

......... in most countries to drive under the age of 18.

......... that we'll finish this task by the required

USUAL
COMPOSE

LEGAL
POSSIBLE

deadline.

9 One
10

children to play in.

Tim is reading a(n)

......... of living in the city is the lack of safe areas for

............

book about important events in

ADVANTAGE
FICTION

history.

11 Consuming too many sweets and fatty foods

12 The fall in house prices could .........
13 This information is completely
14
15
16

can be seriously
the economy.

......... to what we're

discussing here.
Seeing James after such a long time was really an
surprise.
With the unemployment rate going up, more and more people are feeling
......... about their jobs.
Tom can be quite
so I wouldn't count on him if I were

HEALTHY

STABILISE
RELEVANT
EXPECTED

SECURE

RELIABLE

you.

17 Jack is so ..............
..............; he can be really childish at times.
18 Helen was being very
.........;she wouldn't listen to me at all!
19 I need to change my clothes;these ones are very
20 Since it's already 6 pm, it's
....... that we'll get home by 7 pm.

MATURE

REASONABLE
COMFORTABLE
LIKELY

'l

Word Formotion
El
1

2
3
4
5
6

10
11

12
13

't4
15
16

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold.

Each part of the organisation
She leads quite an

operates

......... of the others.

. life travelling and exploring new places.

Leonardo da Vinci's
......... of the flying machine was
inspired by the flight of winged animals such as bats and birds.
Samuel dreamed of becoming a ................
footballer one day.
John made his first stage .........
on Broadway at the age of 13.
We put all our camping
......... in the boot of our car and
headed off to the mountains.
We're still in ...............
with the management about the new
changes within the company.
The ............
of the fire made me feel very sleepy.
......... enough, she agreed to lend me her car.
She had the .............
to carry on even after she felt exhausted.
The Da Vinci Code was one of the most
......... books I have
ever read.
His paintings are ..........
of modern culture.
The train system within the city of Melbourne follows a ................
.. loop.
It is a basic
......... for us to have good knowledge of the
French language.
James is a member of his local ...........
club where he
specialises in the long jump.
Although we didn't believe him, he claimed that he was telling us nothing but the

Maria's
l'm working on a ...........

DEPENDENT
ADVENTURE
INVENT
FAME

APPEAR
EQUIP
AGREE
WARM
SURPRISE
STRONG
FASCINATE

SYMBOL
CIRCLE
REQUIRE
ATHLETE

TRUE

17 We were amazed by

INTELLIGENT

18
19

CONSERVE
ORIGIN

......... and stunning beauty.

project to save local wildlife.
Danny lives in Astoria, NewYork, but is ..........
from Sicily in
Italy.

20 The ............
of America was a turning point in European history.
21 White water rafting is considered to be a dangerous and ............
sport.
22 Your life changes
......... when you have children.
23 This mysterious masterpiece was painted by a(n)
artist of the 19th century.
24 Unfortunately, she is a(n)
candidate for the required position.
25 The new amusement park is bound to provide lots of
for people of all ages.
26 Medical experts stress the
of healthy eating and
exercise for a person's well-being.
27 The World Cup final in Brazil attracted more than 70,000

.............

28 Her dreams had finally become a ................

when she signed
her first record deal.
29 Dishes in each region of ltaly have their own ...........
flavours.
30 Albert Einstein was a
......... in the field ol physics and is
famous for his theory of relativity.
31 The prime minister promised that his government would maintain its commitment to
economic
......... and growth.
32 The ............
of their information can only be verified by the
authorities.
33 His behaviour at times can be quite ..........
- he often has
mood swings.
34 We need to ...............
that all our citizens receive adequate
medical care.

DISCOVER

CHALLENGE
DRAMA
KNOWN
SUIT
ENTERTAIN
IMPORTANT

SPECTATE

REAL
CHARACTER
RESEARCH

STABLE
ACCURATE
PREDICT
SURE

Word Formqtion
35
36
37

38
39
40
41

42

43
44

45
46
47

We've tried to make our new line of clothing more ..........

.................. to
young people.
The
......... in their features clearly indicate that they are siblings.
Many people are concerned nowadays about the
............... of
the world's rainforests.
Germany is considered to be a leading
of
automobiles.
Belgium is well-known for
......... of fine chocolate.
The World
......... will be held in Madrid, Spain
this year.
Toby hopes to pass his
......... and enter university.
Tom has recently become the
of an international
finance company.
We'd be more than
......... to come over for dinner on
Saturday night.
They support each other in every possible way and have a bond which seems

............

.............

its
Basketball
exams
.............

He has achieved remarkable

......... as an author of
children's books.
At our school, English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are
......... subjects.
The seminar covered the .............
of popular music over the

APPEAL
SIMILAR
DESTROY
MANUFACTURE
PRODUCE
CHAMPION
SUCCESS
DIRECT
DELIGHT

BREAK
SUCCEED

OPTION
DEVELOP

years.

48 ln ...............

COMPARE

49
50

BEHAVE
PROTECT

51

52
53
54
55
56
57
58

59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70

to her other classmates, Cynthia was the only

student to have read over 50 books during the school year.
Tom's .........
at times can be quite appalling.
New laws still do not offer adequate
......... for many
endangered species.
Courses vary ...........
in length and difficulty.
Our cruise of the Caribbean lslands was a
...... experience.
The substantial .............
in the number of jobs recenfly is sure
to help the economy.
There was not enough
......... to convict him of the crime.
The council will finally fund the
......... of a sports centre.
New investments in the company will enable it to compete ................
Be careful driving home, the roads have got very ...........
The school has made some .........
changes to its curriculum
this year.
ltaly is a Southern
......... country.
Winning first place in the competition made him very ...........
Ann works for a ...........
sports wear company.
He provided the police with some
......... information.
Yesterday's opera performance was rather
This ltalian restaurant offers a wide ...........
of ltalian dishes.
Your ...........
is requested in the managers office.
We had a special
......... at the fundraising event.
lt's ..............
that we won't get to see you when we are in town.
Davie wants to be a(n)
......... and visit far off lands.
lt took a(n) ............
effort by everyone involved to get the
project finished.
Some people find shopping online very ...........

CONSIDER
MEMORY
GROW
EVIDENT
CONSTRUCT

GLOBAL

tcE
SIGNIFY
EUROPE
PRIDE

LEAD
VALUE
IMPRESS
VARIOUS
PRESENT
VISIT
FORTUNATE
EXPLORE
ORDINARY
RISK

,l