SP : 41 (S & T) - 1987
(PREVIEW)
HANDBOOK ON
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
OF BUILDINGS
(OTHER THAN INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS)
FOREWORD
Users of various civil engineering codes have been feeling the need for explanatory handbooks and other
compilations based on Indian Standards. The need has .been further emphasized in view of the publication
of the National Building Code of India in 1970 and its implementation. The Expert Group set up in 1972 by
the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India carried out in-depth studies in various
areas of civil engineering and construction practices. During the preparation of the Fifth Five-Year Plan in
1975, the Group was assigned the task of producing a Science and Technology Plan for research,
development and extension work in the sector of housing and construction technology. One of the items of
this plan was the production of design handbooks, explanatory handbooks and design aids based on the
National Building Code and various Indian Standards, and other activities in the promotion of the National
Building Code. The Expert Group gave high priority to this item and on the recommendation of the
Department of Science and Technology, the Planning Commission approved the following two projects
which were assigned to the Bureau of Indian Standards:
a) Development programme on code implementation for building and civil engineering construction, and
b) Typification for industrial buildings.
A Special Committee for Implementation of Science and Technology Projects (SCIP) consisting of experts
connected ,with different aspects was set up in 1974 to advise the ISI Directorate General in identifying the
handbooks and for guiding the envelopment of the work. Under the first project, the Committee has so far
identified subjects for several explanatory handbooks/compilations covering appropriate Indian Standards/
Codes/ Specifications which include the following:
Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete to IS : 456-1978 (SP: 16-1980)
Explanatory Handbook on Masonry Code (SP : 20-1981)
Explanatory Handbook on Codes of Earthquake Engineering (IS: 1893-1975 and
IS : 4326-1976) (SP : 22-1982)
Handbook on Concrete Mixes (SP : 23-1982)
Explanatory Handbook on Indian Standard Code of Practice for Plain and
Reinforced Concrete (IS : 456-1978) (SP : 24-1983.
Handbook on Causes and Prevention of Cracks in Building (SP : 25-1984)
Summaries of Indian Standards for Building Materials (SP : 21-1983)
Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement and Detailing (SP : 34-1987)
Handbook on Water Supply and Drainage with Special Emphasis on Plumbing (SP : 35-1987)
Functional Requirements of Industrial Buildings
Handbook on Timber Engineering (SP : 33-1986)
Foundation of Buildings
Steel Code (IS : 800)
Building Construction Practices
Bulk Storage Structures in Steel
Formwork
Fire Safety
Construction Safety Practices
Tall Buildings
Inspection of Different Items of Building Work
Loading Code
Prefabrication
One of the handbooks identified is on Functional Requirements of Buildings (other than Industrial
Buildings). This handbook provides detailed information on climatology, heat insulation, ventilation and
lighting in non-industrial buildings which would be helpful in the planning and functional design of
buildings as applicable to Indian conditions based on Indian Standards and other relevant literature on the
subject. These aspects have been dealt in separate parts as indicated below:
i) Part 1 deals with basic climatic elements, namely, air temperature, solar radiation, humidity, rainfall and
wind. The zoning of several regions of the country from climatic considerations is brought out.
ii) Part 2 deals with heat insulation of buildings, such as dwelling, hospitals, schools and office buildings
both for non-air-conditioned and air-conditioned buildings.
iii) Part 3 gives detailed information on the requirements of ventilation and design guidelines for achieving
desired ventilation rates in buildings. The basic principle of ventilation which act as useful tool for the
designer to evolve ventilation design for numerous typical cases is also covered. In addition, design factors
governing pattern and air flow in-doors are also covered.
iv) Part 4 deals with design methods for provisions of daylighting, artificial lighting and supplementary
artificial lighting which would depend upon the type of buildings and the visual task being performed by
the occupants. Design curves provided enable to determine the area of window opening required for a given
daylight factor. To simplify the design calculations, the sky component protractors based on the tables of
sky components and nomograms for internal reflected components have been provided. Use of these design
aids is illustrated with worked examples. Artificial lighting design has been covered through lumen method
and point-by-point method.
Energy conservation aspects have also been covered
.
This Handbook, it is hoped, would provide useful guidance to architects, engineers and other agencies
dealing with lighting, ventilation, air-conditioning and illuminating engineering aspects of non-industrial
buildings.
This Handbook is based on the draft prepared by the Central Building Research Institute (CBRI), Roorkee.
The draft handbook was circulated for review to Shri B. J. Ramrakhiani, New Delhi; Peico Electronics &
Electricals Ltd, Bombay; General Electric Company of India Ltd, Calcutta; Central Public Works
Department, New Delhi; Bharat Electrical Industries Ltd, Calcutta; Crompton Greaves Ltd, Bombay;
Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd, New Delhi; Dr. V. Narasimhan, Madras; Headquarters
Chief Engineer, Rajasthan and Gujarat Zone, Jaipur; National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi; Central
Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur; Directorate General of Meteorological Department,
New Delhi; Danfoss (India)Ltd, New Delhi; Headquarters, Southern Command, Engineers Branch, Pune
and S.F. India Ltd, Bombay; and the views received were taken into consideration while finalizing the
Handbook.
