C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Department
Of
Computer Science & Engineering
C and Data Structures Lab manual

BALAJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

AND SCIENCE
Department of computer science & engineering

In-charge
Prepared by:

HOD
Approved &
Reviewed by:

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

Principal
Issued by:

w.e.f Date:

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

BALAJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND

SCIENCE
Laknepally(V), Narsampet, Warangal
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Lab Manual for the Academic Year 2011-12

(In accordance with JNTU syllabus)
SUBJECT

C & DS LAB

SUBJECT CODE

CS 05442

SEMESTER

STREAM

CSE

H.O.D

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

INDEX
S. No.

CONTENT

Introduction About Lab

Guidelines to Students

List of Lab Exercises

Syllabus Programs (JNTU)

Solutions for Programs

References

Signature of the faculty In-charge

INTRODUCTION ABOUT LAB

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

There are 72 systems (HCL) installed in this Lab. Their configurations are as follows:
Processor

INTEL PENTIUM DUAL CPU 2.0 G.Hz.

RAM

1 GB (DDR2)

Hard Disk

160 GB

Monitor

HCL 17 LCD Monitor

Mouse

USB Optical Mouse.

Key Board

HCL Multimedia Key Board

LAB CODE:
1

Equipment in the lab for the use of student community. Students need to maintain a
proper decorum in the computer lab. Students must use the equipment with care. Any
damage is caused is punishable.

Students are required to carry their observation / programs book with completed
exercises while entering the lab.

Students are supposed to occupy the machines allotted to them and are not supposed to
talk or make noise in the lab. The allocation is put up on the lab notice board.

Lab can be used in free time / lunch hours by the students who need to use the systems
should take prior permission from the lab in-charge.

Lab records need to be submitted on or before date of submission.

Students are not supposed to use floppy disks, pen drives and CDs.

All the students must wear ID cards, leave their foot wear out side the lab and must
come with a formal dress code.

Doesnt bring bags inside the lab.

LIST OF LAB EXERCISES:

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

S No

Name of the program

1
2
3
4
5
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

S No
31

a)To evaluate algebraic exp(ax+b)/(ax-b)

b)to Evaluate algebraic exp 2.5logx+cos32+|x*x-y*y|+sqrt(2*x*y)
c)to evaluate the algebraic exp aepower-rt
d)to evaluate algebraic exp x power5 +10 x power 4+8 x power3+4x+2
To evaluate area of triangle (sqrt(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
To swap 2 no
Greatest of 2 no
Greatest of 3 numbers
Greatest of 3 onto print the given no in ascending order
To perform the arithmetic expression using switch statement
Factorial of given no using do while statement
To print prime up to n no
Sum of n natural no
Total no. of even integers
Total no. of odd integers
Sum of even integers
Sum of odd integers
A program to print the product of two matrices of any order
Write a program to print Fibonacci series
Write a program to print o/ps
a) 1
b) 1
c) 1
d) 1
22
2 2
22
23
333
3 3 3
333
4 56
Write a program to read n num of students and 5 sub marks
Write a program to find factorial of a num using 3 types of funs
Write a program to convert all lower case to uppercase characters.
Write a program to extract a string
Write a program to sort 5 city names in alphabetical order
Write a program to find the factorial of a number using recursion
A program to print address of variable
A program to access a variable using pointers
A program to print the element of array using pointers
A program to implement call by reference
A program to find greatest of n num using funs
A program to print the elements of a structure using pointers
A program to display student information by initializing structures
A program to find total number of marks

Name of the program

A program to find the tot salary of employee and salary of employee details

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

32

A program to pass structure as an arguments to fun and cal total marks of 5

subjects

33
34
35
36

A program to display college address using pointers and structures

A program to write data file and read data from file
A program to write integer data into file and read it from file
A program to write product details

37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51

Use of command line arguments in files

Stack operations using arrays
Circular queue operations using arrays
Infix-postfix operations
Postfix evaluation
Prefix-evaluation
Single linked list
Double linked lists
Bubble Sort
Selection Sort
Insertion Sort
Quick Sort
Heap Sort
Binary Search
Linear Search

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C & DS Lab Manual

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Experiment 1:
a)To evaluate algebraic exp(ax+b)/(ax-b)
b)to Evaluate algebraic exp 2.5logx+cos32+|x*x-y*y|+sqrt(2*x*y)
c)to evaluate the algebraic exp aepower-rt
d)to evaluate algebraic exp x power5 +10 x power 4+8 x power3+4x+2

(a)
1) AIM: To evaluate algebraic exp(ax+b)/(ax-b)
2) ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: input a,b,x,s
Step3: s= (a*x+b)/(a*x-b)
Step4: Result s
Step 5: stop

3) FLOW CHART:
To evaluate algebraic exp (ax+b)/ (ax-b)

start

take a,b,x

a=5,b=4,x=3

R=(ax+b)/(ax-b)

display

stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
To evaluate algebraic exp(ax+b)/(ax-b)
main()
{
int a,b,x;
float s;
clrscr();
printf("enter the values of a,b,x...");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&x);
s=(a*x+b)/(a*x-b);
printf("the value of s=%f",s);
}

5) Result:
Enter the values of a,b,x 1 3 2
The value of s=5

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(b)
1) AIM: To Evaluate algebraic exp 2.5logx+cos32+|x*x-y*y|+sqrt (2*x*y)

2) ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: input x,y,v
Step3: v=2.5*log(x)+cos(32*3.14/180)+mod(x*x-y*y)+sqrt(2*x*y)
Step4: Result v
Step 5: stop

3) FLOWCHART:

start

To Evaluate algebraic exp 2.5logx+cos32+|x*x-y*y|+sqrt(2*x*y)

take x,y

x=1,y=1

R=2.5*logx+cos32+mod(x*x-y*y)+sqrt(2*x*y)

Display R

stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
To Evaluate algebraic exp 2.5logx+cos32+|x*x-y*y|+sqrt(2*x*y)
#include<math.h>
main()
{
float x,y,v;
clrscr();
printf("enter x and y values");
scanf("%f,%f",&x,&y);
v=2.5*log(x)+(cos(32*3.14/180))+mod(x*x-y*y)+sqrt(2*x*y);
printf("the value of v=%f",v);
}

5) Result:
Enter x and y values
10
20
The value of v=

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

c)
1) AIM: To evaluate algebraic exp x power5 +10 x power 4+8 x power3+4x+2
2) ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: input x,s
Step3:s=pow(x,s)+10*pow(x,4)+8*pow(x,3)+4*x+2
Step4: Result s
Step 5: stop*/

3) FLOWCHART:
To evaluate algebraic exp x power5 +10 x power 4+8 x power3+4x+2
start

take x

x=6

R==pow(x,s)+10*pow(x,4)+8*pow(x,3)+4*x+2

Display R

stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
To evaluate algebraic exp x power5 +10 x power 4+8 x power3+4x+2
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
main ()
{
float x,s;
printf("enter the values of x");
scanf("%f",&x);
s=pow(x,5)+10*pow(x,4)+8*pow(x,3)+4*x+2;
printf("the value of s=%f",s);
}

5) Result:
Enter the values of x
1
The value of s = 25

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C & DS Lab Manual

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d)
1) AIM: To evaluate the algebraic exp ae power-rt
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: take a,k and t
step2: assign values for them
step3: here a*pow(e,-k*t) store this in 'r'
Display 'r'
step4: stop*/

3) FLOWCHART:
To evaluate the algebraic exp a epower-rt

start

take a,k,t

a=1,k=1,t=1

R=a*pow(e,-kt)

displayR

stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
To evaluate the algebraic exp aepower-rt
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
main()
{
int a,k,t;
float r;
printf("enterthree values");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&k,&t);
r=a*pow(e,-k*t);
printf("result=%f");
getch();
}

5) Result:
Enter values
1
2
3
Result=1.000000

6) Questions:
i) What is an Expression?
ii) What is the use of main( ) function?
iii) What are preprocessors of C?
iv) What is a variable?

7) Debugging:
1) undefined symbol a in function main( )
2) r is assigned a value which is never used
3) redeclaration of c in function main( )

First you should declare a and use

When you assigned a value to a variable, that
must be used in the program
You should declare any variable only one time

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C & DS Lab Manual

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Experiment 2: evaluate area of triangle (sqrt(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)

1) AIM: To evaluate area of triangle (sqrt(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
2) ALGORITHM:
Step1:start
Step2:input a,r,t,s
Step3:s=a* pow(-r*t)
Step4:Result s
Step 5:stop*/

3) FLOWCHART:
To evaluate area of triangle (sqrt(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
Start

take a,b,c,s,a

a=5,b=4,c=2

s=(a+b+c)/2

A=sqrt(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)

Display R

Stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
To evaluate area of triangle (sqrt(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
float s,area;
clrscr();
printf("enter the values of a,b,c");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
s=(a+b+c)/2;
area=sqrt(s*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c));
printf("the area of a trangle is =%f",area);
getch();
}

5) Result:
enter the values of a,b,c
10
20
30
The area of a trangle is = 0.000000

6) Questions:
i) What is the use of sqrt( ) function?
ii) Explain data types.
iii) Explain I/O Statements.
7) Debugging:
1) Function sqrt( ) should have a prototype
2) Unterminated string or character constant
3) Function call missing ) in function main

You should include math.h first, then you

can use sqrt ( ) and other mathematical
functions.
You should end double quotation or single
quotation properly
You might be missed any special characters in
that line.

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 3: Swapping given two numbers

1) AIM: Program to swap two numbers
2) ALGORITHM:
Step1:start
Step2:input a,b
Step3:a=a+b
Step4:b=a-b
Step 5:a=a-b
Step6:Result a,b
Step7:stop

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to swap two numbers
start

take a,b

a=1,b=10

a=a+b;b=a-b;a=a-b

Display a and b

stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to swap two numbers
void main()
{
int a,b;
clrscr();
printf("enter the values of a,b");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
a=a+b;
b=a-b;
a=a-b;
printf("the values of a,b are: %d %d",a,b);
getch();
}

5) Result:
Enter the values of a,b
10
2
The values of a,b are: 20 10

6) Questions:
i) What is the use of getch( ) function?
ii) What is the use of specifications of the data types?

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C & DS Lab Manual

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Experiment 4: Find greatest number in given two numbers using

conditional operator
1) AIM: Program to find greatest of 2 numbers using conditional operator
2) ALGORITHM:
Step1:start
Step2:input a,b,c
Step3:c=(a>b)?a:b
Step4:Result c
Step 5:stop*/

3) FLOWCHART:
To Find Greatest of Two numbers.

Start

Take a,b

C= (a>b)? a:b

Display c

Stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Prog:To find greatest of 2 numbers
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
clrscr();
printf("enter the values of a,b");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
c=(a>b)?a:b;
printf("the biggest no is %d",c);
getch();
}

5) Result:
Enter the values of a,b
5
8
The biggest number is : 8

6) Questions:
1) What is an operators?
2) How many operators are there in C and List out them?
3) What is the difference between logical and conditional operators?

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C & DS Lab Manual

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Experiment 5: Write a program to find greatest among 3 numbers

1) AIM: Program to find greatest among 3 numbers

2) ALGORITHM:
Step1:start
Step2:input a,b,c
Step3:if(a>b) &&(a>c)
Step4:display a is grater
Step 5:else
Step6:if(b>c)
Step7: display b is grater
Step 8:else
Step: display c is grater
Step10:stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
To find greatest among 3 numbers

Start
Take a,b,c

If
(a>b)&&(a>
c)
Display a

If (b>c)

Display b

Display c

Stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to find greatest among 3 numbers
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
clrscr();
printf("enter the values of a,b and c");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
if(a>b && a>c)
printf("a is greatest of %d %d %d", a,b,c);
else
if(b>c)
printf("b is greatest of %d %d %d",a,b,c);
else
printf("c is gratest of %d %d %d",a,b,c);
getch();
}

5) Result:
Enter the values of a,b and c
10
30
20
30 is greatest of 10 30 20

6) Questions:
i) What are the conditional statements?
ii) How many conditional statements are there in C?
iii) What is the difference between conditional and multi-conditional statements?

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C & DS Lab Manual

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Experiment 5: Program to find Greatest of 3 numbers to print the given

no in ascending order.
1) AIM: Program to find Greatest of 3 numbers to print the given no in ascending
order.

2) ALGORITHM:
Step1:start
Step2:input a,b,c
Step3:if(a>b) &&(a>c)
Step4:if(b>c)
Step5:display a,b,c
Step6:else
Step7:display a,c,b
Step8:else if(b<c && b<a)
Step9:if(c<a)
Step10:print b,c,a
Step11:else
Step12:print b,a,c
Step13:else if(c<a && c<b)
Step14:if(a<b)
Step15:print c,a,b
Step16:else
Step17:print c,b,a
Step18:stop*/

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C & DS Lab Manual

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3) FLOWCHART:
To Find greatest of Three no to print the given no in ascending order
Start

Take
a,b,c

If
(a>b && a>c)

If (b>c)

Display a,c,b
Display
a,b,c

If
(b<c
&&(b<a)

If
(c<
a)

Display b,c,a

Display b,a,c

If
C<a &&
c<b)

If
( a<b)

Display c,a,b

Stop

Display c,b,a

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to find Gratest of 3 numbers to print the given no in ascending order
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
clrscr();
printf("enter the values of a,b and c");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
if(a<b && a<c)
{
if(b<c)
{
printf(" %d%d%d", a,b,c);
}
else
if(b>c)
printf(" %d%d%d",a,c,b);
}
else
if(b<c && b<a)
{
if(c<a)
printf(" %d%d%d",b,c,a);
else
printf("%d%d%d",b,a,c);
}
else
if(b<a)
printf("%d%d%d",c,b,a);
else
printf(%d%d%d",c,a,b);
}
}

5) Result:
Enter the values of a,b and c
6
4
5
456

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Experiment 6: Write a Program to perform the arithmetic expression

using switch statement

1) AIM: Program to perform the arithmetic expression using switch statement

2) ALGORITHM:
Step1:start
Step2:input a,b
Step3:switch(result)
Step4:case +:printnum of a& b is a+b
Step5: case -:printnum of a& b is a-b
Step6: case *:printnum of a& b is a*b
Step7: case /:printnum of a& b is a/b
Step8: case %:printnum of a& b is a%b
Step9: default: invalid option
Step10: stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

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3) PROGRAM:
Program to perform the arithmetic expression using switch statement
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b;
int op;
clrscr();
printf(" 1.addition\n 2.subtraction\n 3.multiplication\n 4.division\n");
printf("enter the values of a & b");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
printf("enter your choice : ");
scanf("%d",&op);
switch(op)
{
case 1
:printf("sum of %d and %d=%d",a,b,a+b);
break;
case 2
:printf("difference of %d and %d=%d",a,b,a-b);
break;
case 3
:printf("multiplication of %d and %d=%d",a,b,a*b);
break;
case 4
:printf("Divisionn of two numbers is %d=",a/b);
break;
default
: printf(" Enter Your Correct Choice.");
break;
}
getch();
}

5) Result:
1. Addition
2. Substraction
3. Multiplication
4. Division
Enter your choice : 1
Enter a and b values 10 20
Sum of 10 and 20 = 30

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Experiment 7: Write a program Program to find the factorial of a

given number
1) AIM: Program to find the factorial of a given number
2) ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: input n,I,f
Step3: f=i=1
Step4: if(i<=n)
Step5: f=f*i
Step6: i=i+1
Step7: repeat from step5 to step6 till steps true
Step8: print f
tep9: stop

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3) FLOWCHART:
Program to find the factorial of a given number
Start

Take n

F=i=1

If
(i<=n
)

f=f*i; i=i+1

Display f

Stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to find the factorial of a given number
void main()
{
int n,i,f;
f=i=1;
clrscr();
printf("enter a number");
scanf("%d",&n);
while(i<=n)
{
f*=i;
i++;
}
printf("the factorial of %d is %d",n,f);
getch();
}

5) Result:
Enter a number 5
The factorial of 5 is 120

6) Questions;
i)

What are the Loops (Iterative Statements)?

ii)

What are the Differences between while( ) and do..while( )?

iii)

Explain about for( ) loop.

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Experiment 8:

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Write a program to generate all prime numbers up to nth

number

1) AIM: Program to generate prime number till nth number

2) ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: read n value
Step3: for i=1 i<=n
Step4:repeat a b c d e
a)factorial equal to 0
b) for i=1,j<=1 repeat c,d
c)if i percentage j equal to zero
d) fact equal to factorial added with one
e) if factorial equal to2print as prime number
step5: display the prime no till nth num
6: stop

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3) FLOWCHART:
Program to generate prime number till nth number.
Start

Take n,i,j

i=1,

if i<n

j=1, fact=0

If
j<=n
If i%j=0

If
fact=2

Print i, j++

Print i

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to generate prime number till nth number
void main()
{
int n,i,fact,j;
printf("enter the range");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf(Prime numbers are\n);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
fact=0;
for(j=1;j<=n;j++)
{
if(i%j==0)
fact++;
if(f==2)
printf("%d ,i);
}
getch();
}

5) Result:
Enter the range 10
Prime numbers are
3 5 7

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Experiment 9: Write a program to find total of first n natural numbers

1) AIM:

Program to find sum of n natural numbers

2) Algorithm:
Step1: start
Step2: read n
Step3: i=0,sum=0
Step4: perform from step 5 to step 6 until i<=n
Step5: i++
Step6:sum+=i;
Step7: write sum
Step8: stop
3) Flow chart:
start

Read n

i=0;sum=0

F
While(i<=n) T

i++

Sum+=i

Write sum

stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

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4) Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int n,i=0,sum=0;
clrscr( );
printf(Enter Limit : );
scanf(%d,&n);
while(i<=n)
{
i++;
sum+=i;
}
printf(Sum of %d natural numbers = %d,n,sum);
getch();
}

5) Result:
Enter Limit : 10
Sum of 10 natural numbers = 55

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Experiment 10:

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Program to find total of even integers

1) AIM: Program to find total of even integers

2) ALGORITHM:
step1:

start

step2:

for i=0;i<20;i++
if(a[i]%2==0)
sum=sum+a[i];

step3:

stop

To find total of even integer.

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Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to find total of even integers

Start

Take i, a[20],
sum
i=0

If
i<=20

If
(A[i]
%2==0)

Sum=sum+a[i],i++

I++

Display Sum

Stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to find total of even integers
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[20],i,sum=0;
printf("enter5 integrs");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
if(a[i]==0)
sum=sum+a[i];
}
prinf("sum =%d",sum);
getch();
}

5) Result:
Entger 5 integers
24682
Sum = 22

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 11: Program to find total of odd integers

1) AIM: Program to find total of odd integers
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: for(i=0;i<20;i++)
{
if(a[i]%2==1)
sum=sum+a[i];
}
step3:stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to find total of odd integers

Start

Take i, a[20],
sum
i=0

If
i<=20

If
(A[i]
%2==1)

Sum=sum+a[i],i++

I++

Display Sum

Stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to find total of odd integers
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[20],i,sum=0;
printf("enter 5 integrs");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
if(a[i]==1)
sum=sum+a[i];
}
prinf("sum =%d",sum);
getch();
}
Enter 5 integers
12345
Sum=9

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Experiment 12:

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Program to find sum of all even integers

PROGRAM: Program to find sum of all even integers

void main()
{
int i,n,sum;
sum=0;
clrscr();
printf("enter any number");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=2;i<=n;i++)
{
if(i%2==0)
sum=sum+i;
}
printf("total no of even integer is %d",sum);
}

5) Result:
Enter any number 10
Sum = 30

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 13: Program to find sum of all odd integers

1) AIM: Program to find sum of all odd integers
2) ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: read I,n
Step3: sum=0,i=0
Step4: if(i<=n) then i=i+1 else goto 2
Step5: if (i%2!=0) then sum++
Step6: print sum
Step7: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to find sum of all odd integers

Start

Take i, a[20],
sum
i=0

If
i<=20

If
(A[i]
%2==1)

Sum=sum+a[i],i++

i++

Display Sum

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

Stop

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to find sum of all odd integers
void main()
{
int i,n,sum;
sum=0;
clrscr();
printf("enter any number");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
if(i%2!=0)
sum=sum+i;
}
printf("total no of even integer is %d",sum);
}

5) Result:
Enter any number 10
Sum = 25

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 14: Program to print product of two matrices

1) AIM: Program to print product of two matrices
2) ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2:read I,j,k,a[3][3],b[3][2],c[3][2]
Step3: read a[3][3] & b[3][2]
Step 4:i=0,j=0,k=0
Step5: if i<3 then i++ else goto 1
Step6: if j<3 then j++ else goto 5
Step7: if k<3 then k++ else goto 6
Step8: c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[k][j]*b[i][k]
Step9: print a[i][j],b[i][j],c[i][j]
Step 10: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to print product of two matrices.

Start

Take a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3]
[3],i,j,k
I=0,j=0,k=0

If
i<=20

if
(i<n

if
j<n

Stop

For
(k=0;j<k.k+
+)

k++
j++
C[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[k][j]*b[i][k]

i++

Display c[i][j]

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to print product of two matrices
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i,j,k,a[3][3],b[3][2],c[3][2];
printf("enter elements of matrix a");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
printf("enter elements of matrix b");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<3;k++)
{
c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j];
printf("\t%d",c[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
}
}

5) Result:
Enter the elements of matrix a
124521452
Enter the elements of matrix b
124521452
10
18
28
50
18
7
40
45
14

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 15: Program to print Fibonacci series

1) AIM: Program to print Fibonacci series
2) ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: read I,x,f,f1,f2
Step3: f=0,f1=1,f2=1
Step4: do
I++
F1=f2
F2=f
F=f1+f2
While (i<=n)
Step5: print f
Step6: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to print Fibonacci series

Start

Take I, x, f, f1, f2

F=0, f1=1, f2=1

While
(i<=n)

I++,F1=f2;f2=f

F=f+f2

F=f+f2

Display F

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Stop

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to print Fibonacci series
void main()
{
int i,n,f,f1,f2;
printf("enter the range");
scanf("%d",&n);
f=0;
f1=1;
f2=1;
do
{
i++;
printf("%d\n",f);
f1=f2;
f2=f;
f=f1+f2;
}
while(i<=n);
}

5) Result:
Enter the range 9
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 16 : Print the Following formats

16.1)1
22

16.2 ) 1
2 2

333

3 3

16.3 ) 1
22
333

16.4) 1
23
4 56

1) AIM: program to print the following format

1
1

2) ALGORITHM:
step1:start
step2:take I,j and n
step3:for(i=1;i<n;i++)
for(j=0;j<i;j++)
{
printf(%d,i);
printf(\n);
}
step4: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to print the following format
1
2

Start

Take I,j,n,i=1,j=1

If
i<n

If
j<n
Stop

Display i

Display \n

J++

I++

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to print the following format
1
2

#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,j,n;
printf(enter n value);
scanf(%d,&n);
for(i=0;i<=n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<i;j++)
printf(%d,i);
printf(\n);
}
printf(\n);
}

5) Result:
1
2

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 16.2 :
1) AIM: Program to print the following format
2) ALGORITHM:
1
2 2
3
4 4

3
4 4

step1: start
step2: take three integers i,j,n
step3: repeat step4 to step6 for i=1,i<=n,i++
step4: repeat step5 for j=1,j<=n,j++
step5: if j>=1 then
Display I and a space
Else
Display space
step6: transfer cursor to meet line by printing \n
step7: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to print the following format
1
2
3
4

2
3

3
4

4
Start

Take i,j,n

For
(i=1;i<=n;i+
+)

If
(j>i)

Display i

Display \n

I++

Display \t

Display \n

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Stop

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to print the following format
1
2 2
3

4 4

3
4 4

#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,j=0,n;
printf(enter n value);
scanf(%d,&n);
for(i=0;i<=n;i++)
{
if(j>=i)
printf(%d\t,i);
else
printf(\n);
}
printf(\t);
}
printf(\n);
}

5) Result:
1
2 2
3
4 4

3
4 4

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 16.3 :
1) AIM: Program to print the following format
2) ALGORITHM:
1
2 2
3 3

step1: start
step2: take three integers i,j,k
step3: repeat step2 to step8 for i=1,i<=n,i++
step4: repeat step3 to step4 for k=1,k<=n-i,k++
step5: display blank space
step6: repeat step 5 to step7 for j=1,j<=I,j++
step7: display blank space
step8: take cursor to new line
step9: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to print the following format
1
2 2
3 3

3
Start

Take i,j,n,k=0,j=1

If
I<n

K<n

Display \n

If
J<=i

Display\n

Display i
Stop
J++
I++

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to print the following format
1
2 2
3 3

#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,j,k,n;
printf(enter n value);
scanf(%d,&n);
for(i=0;i<=n;i++)
{
for(k=0;k<=n-i;k++)
{
printf( );
}
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
{
printf( );
printf( i);
}
}

5) Result:
1
2 2
3 3

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 16.4 :
1) AIM: Program to print the following format
2) ALGORITHM:
1
23
4 5 6
step1: start
step2: take three integers i,j,k,n and initialize k as 1
step3: repeat step4 to step7 for i=1,i<=n,i++
step4: repeat step5 to step6 for j=1,j<=i,j++
step5: display value of k
step6: increment k by 1
step7: transfer cursor to next line by printing \n
step8: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

FLOWCHART:
Program to print the following format
1
2 3
4 5 6

Start

Take I=0,j=0,k

K=0

If
I<=n

if
j<=n

K=k+1

Display K

Display \n
J++

I++

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Stop

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

PROGRAM:
Program to print the following format
1
2 3
4 5 6

#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,j,k=1,n;
printf(enter n value);
scanf(%d,&n);
for(i=0;i<=n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<=i;j++)
printf(%d\t,k++);
printf(\n );
}
}

5) Result:
1
23
4 5 6

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Experiment 17:

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

program to read num of student data

1) AIM: program to read num of student data

2) ALGORITHM:
step1: take a character array a, integers r,s,I,j and n
step2: read the value of n
step3: for(i=0;i<n;i++)
Enter rollno,name,,,,,,
Read these and enter 5 subject marks
s[i][5]=0;
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
scanf(%d,s[i][j]);
s[i][5]=s[i][5]+s[i][j];
}
step4:display n[i],r[i],s[i][j]
step5:stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to read num of student data:

Start

Take n[20]
[20],r[20],s[20],I=0,j,n

If
I<n

Read Name, RollNo

Read 5 Subjects Marks

I++
Stop
I=0

If
I<n

Display n[i], r[i]

J=0

Display s[i][j]

If
I<n

J++
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of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to read num of student data
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char n[20][10];
int i,j,r[20],s[20][6];
printf("enter n value");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("enter name,rollno,....");
scanf("%s%d",&n[i],&r[i]);
printf("enter 5 subject marks");
s[i][5]=0;
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
scanf("%d",s[i][j]);
s[i][5]=s[i][5]+s[i][j];
}
}
printf("the data entered is \n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%s\t%d\t",n[i],r[i]);
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
printf("%d\t",s[i][j]);
}
getch();
}

5) Result:
Enter name,rollno,.Eswar 20
Enter 5 subject marks
10 50 34 06 42
The data entered is
Eswar
20
10
50

34

06

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

42

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 18.1 :
Experiment: Write a program to find factorial of a num using 3 types of functons
1) AIM: Program to find factorial of a given number
2) ALGORITHM:
step1:start
Step2:take a number n
Step3:read a number n
For(i=0;i<n;i++)
Factorial=fact*I;
Display num
Step4:stop

3) FLOWCHART:
Program to find factorial of a given number:Start

Take n

F=i=1

If
(i<=n
)

f=f*i; i=i+1
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Display f

Stop

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to find factorial of a given number
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
printf("enter a number");
fact();
getch();
}
fact()
{
int i,fact=1,n;
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
fact=fact*i;
}
printf("\nfactorial of a given no is: %d ",fact);
return fact;
}
5) Result:
Enter a number 5
Factorial of a given no is: 120

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 18.2 :
1) AIM: Program to find factorial of a given number
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
Step2: take a number I and fact=1
Step3: read a number n
For(i=0;i<n;i++)
Factorial=fact*i;
Display fact
Step4: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
program to find factorial of a given number

Start

Take n

Function Fact(n) Calling

Fact(n)

F=i=1

If
(i<=n
)

f=f*i; i=i+1
Stop
Display f

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
program to find factorial of a given number
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
printf("enter a number");
fact();
getch();
}
fact()
{
int i,fact=1,n;
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
fact=fact*i;
}
printf("\nfactorial of a given no is: %d ",fact);
return fact;
}
5) Result:
Enter a number 5
Factorial of a given no is: 120

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 19 : Write a program to convert all lower case to uppercase characters.

1) AIM: Program on function to scan a character string and convert lower case
character to upper case

2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
Step2: take a string a function of return value data type is void str upper
Step3: read a string
While (s[i]! =\0)
{
if((s[i]>=a) &&(s[i]<=z))
s[i]=s[i]-32;
i++;
}
display changed string.
Step4: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
Program on function to scan a character string and convert lower case character to upper
case

Start
Take str,I,j,

While
S[i]!=\0

If
((S[i]>=a)
&& (s[i]>=z))

S[i]=s[i]-32

I++

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Stop

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program on function to scan a character string and convert lower case character to upper
case
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char str;
printf("enter a string");
scanf("%s",str);
to_str_upper(char[]);
printf("changed to %s",str);
}
void to_str_upper(char[])
{
int i=0;
while(s[i]!='\0')
{
if((s[i]>='a') && (s[i]>='z'))
s[i]=s[i]-32;
i++;
}
}
}
5) Result:
Enter a string
gnec
changed to GNEC

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 20: Write a program to extract a string

1) AIM: A program to extract a portion of character string and print extracted string
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
Step2: take a a and r characters arrays and I,j,m,n be untegers
Step3: enter the values of m,n
J=0;
For(i=n-1;i<m+n-1;i++)
{
r[j]=s[i];
j++;
}
step4: display the extract part of string
Step5:stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
A program to extract a portion of character string and print extracted string

Start

Take
s[30],r[30],j=0,n

I=n-1

If
I<m+nm1

r[j]=s[i]

J++
Stop
I++

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to extract a portion of character string and print extracted string
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char s[30],r[30];
int i,j,m,n;
clrscr();
printf("enter a string");
gets(s);
printf("enter the values of m n");
scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);
j=0;
for(i=n-1;i<m+n-1;i++)
{
r[j]=s[i];
j++;
}
printf("the extract part of string %s: ",r);
getch();
}
5) Result:
Enter a string
Gurunanak
Enter the values of m,n
35
The extract part of string: run

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 21: Write a program to sort 5 city names in alphabetical order

1) AIM: Program to read five cities and sort them and print sorted list of citied in
alphabetical order

2) ALGORITHM:
step1:start
Step2:enter 5 city names
Step3:take I and j loop variables
For(i=65;i<122;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
if(city[j][0]==i)
printf(\n%s,city[j]);
}
}
Step4:stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
A program to read five cities and sort them and
Print sorted list of citied in alphabetical order

Start

Take city[5][20], I,j

I=0

If
(i<5)

Enter City Names

I++

if
I<122

J=0

if
j<5

Stop
If
(City[j]
[0]==i)

Display city[j]

J++]

I++

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
A program to read five cities and sort them and print sorted list of citied in alphabetical
order
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
ch city[5][20];
int I,j;
clrscr();
printf("enter the names of cities...\n\n");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
scanf("%s",&city[i]);
printf("sorted list of cities...\n\n");
for(i=65;i<122;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
if(city[j][0]==i)
printf("\n%s",city[j]);
}
}
}

5) Result:
Enter the names of cities
Hyd Chennai Bombay goa vizag
Sorted list of cities
Bombay
Chennai
Goa
Hyd
vizag

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 22: Write a program to find the factorial of a number using recursion
1) AIM: Program to find the factorial of a number using recursion
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
Step2: enter f and n
Step3: read a number n
F=factorial (n);
Step4: inside the functional(x) define a local variable x
If(x==l)
Return (l);
Else
Fact=x*factorial(x-l);
Return(fact);
Step5: stop

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
To find the factorial of a number using recursion

Start

Take n

Function Fact(n) Calling

Fact(n)

Display f

F=i=1

If
(i<=n
)
Stop

f=f*i; i=i+1

Balaji Institute of Technology and Science

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
To find the factorial of a number using recursion
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int f,n;
clrscr();
printf("enter n");
scanf("%d",&n);
f=factorial(n);
printf("%d",f);
getch();
}
factorial(x)
{
int i,fact=1;
if(x==1)
return(1);
else
fact=x*factorial(x-1);
return(fact);
}

5) Result:
Enter n 4
24

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 23: program to print address of a variable

1) Aim: program to print address of a variable
2) Algorithm:
Step1:

start

Step2:

declare a

Step3:

print &a

Step4:

stop

3) Flowchart:
start

Declare a

Print &a

stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main( )
{
int a;
clrscr();
printf(Address of a = %u,&a);
getch();
}

5) Result:
Address of a =64453

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C & DS Lab Manual

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Experiment 24: program to illustrate accessing the value of variable using pointers
using arithmetic operations

1) AIM: program to illustrate accessing the value of variable using pointers using
arithmetic operations

2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take a,b,x,y,z and two pointers variables *p1,*p2
step3: assign values to these variables
p1=&a;
p2=&b;
x=*p1*p2-6;
y=(4*-*p2)/(*p1+10);
display x and y
step4:*p2=*p2+3
*p1=*p2-5;
z=*p1*p2-6;
display a,b and z
step5: stop

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3) FLOWCHART:
A program to illustrate accessing the value of variable using pointers using
arithmetic operations
Start

a=12,b=4

P1=&a,p2=&b

X=*p1*p2-6

Y=(4-*p2)/*p1+10

Display p1,p2,a,b,x,y

*p2=*p2+3,*p1=*p2-5

Z=*p1*p2-6

Display a,b,z

Stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
A program to illustrate accessing the value of variable using pointers using
arithmetic operations
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a,b,*p1,*p2,x,y,z;
clrscr();
a=12,b=4;
p1=&a; p2=&b;
x=*p1**p2-6;
y=(4-*p2)**p1+10;
printf("addressof a=%d\n",p1);
printf("addressof b=%d\n",p2);
printf("a=%d,b=%d\n",a,b);
printf("x=%d,y=%d\n",x,y);
*p2=*p2+3; *p1=*p2-5;
z=*p1**p2-6;
printf("a=%d,b=%d\n",a,b);
printf("z=%d\n",z);
getch();
}
5) Result:
Address of a = 65543
Address of b = 64455
a = 12 b = 4
z=42

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C & DS Lab Manual

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Experiment 24: A program to access a variable using pointers

1) AIM: Program to illustrate the address of a variable using various methods
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take x,p,q and a character a
step3: display a,x,p,q
step5: stop

3) FLOWCHART:
A program to illustrate the address of a variable using various methods
Start

a=a,x=125,p=10.25
, q=18.76

Display a, &a

Display x, &x

Display p, &p

Display q, &q

Z=*p1*p2-6

Stop

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4) PROGRAM:
A program to illustrate the address of a variable using various methds
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char a;
int x;
float p,q;
clrscr();
a='a';
x=125;
p=10.25,q=18.76;
printf("%c is stored at address %u\n",a,&a);
printf("%d is stored at address %u\n",x,&x);
printf("%f is stored at address %u\n",p,&p);
printf("%f is stored at address %u\n",q,&q);
getch();
}

5) Result:
a is stored at address 65525
125 is stored at address 65522
10.250000 is stored at address 65518
18.760000 is stored at address 65514

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C & DS Lab Manual

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Experiment 25: Program to print the elements of array using pointers

1) AIM: Program to print the elements of array using pointers
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take an array a of 5 elementsand a pointer p
step3: print all the elments of array
step5: stop

3) FLOWCHART:
A program to print the elements of array using pointers

Start

Take a[5]={5,4,6,8,9}, *p=&a[0], i=0

If
I<5

Display *(p+i)

Display (p+i)

I++

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Stop

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

4) PROGRAM:
Program to print the elements of array using pointers
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[5]={5,4,6,8,9};
int *p=&a[0];
int i;
clrscr();
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
printf("%d",*(p+i));
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
printf(" %u\n",(p+i));
getch();
}

5) Result:
12345
12345

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Experiment 26: Program to implement call by references

1) AIM: Program to implement call by references
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take a, b, c
step3: take addition as a function and store the address of a and b as function and store
the address of a and b as arguments in it
step5: take x and y as formal variables store in z
step6: return z
step7: stop

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3) FLOWCHART:
A program to implement call by references

Start

Take a=10,b=20

C=add (&a,&b)

Add (int *x,int *y)

Display c

Z=*x+*y

Stop
Return (z)

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4) PROGRAM:
A program to implement call by refers
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a=10,b=20,c;
clrscr();
c=add(&a,&b);
printf("%d",c);
getch();
}
add(int *x,int *y)
{
int z;
z=*x+*y;
return(z);
}

5) Result:
30

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C & DS Lab Manual

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Experiment 27: Program to find greatest of numbers functions and pointers

1) AIM: Program to find greatest of numbers functions and pointers
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take an array a[20] andthree integers c,n,gx,p,q and a character a
step3: accept value of n from the user display a,x,p,q
step5: repeat step 4 for i=0,i<n,i++
step6: accept value for user and store at a+i
step7: goto step a & send a and n as arguments
step8: display value return from step2
step9: stop

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3) FLOWCHART:
A program to find greatest of numbers functions and pointers

Start

Take a[10],i=0,n,l

If
I<n

Read a+I

I++

L=max(a,n)

Max(int *arr,int s)

Display L

I=o
Stop

If
I<n

If
(i==0||
(arr+i)
Max=*(arr+i)

I++

Return (max)

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4) PROGRAM:
A program to find greatest of numbers functions and pointers
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[20],i,n,l;
clrscr();
printf("enterthe no.ofelements: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
l=max(a,n);
printf("the largest num is: %d",l);
getch();
}
int max(int*arr,int s)
{
int max,i;
for(i=0;i<;i++)
if(i==0||max<*(arr+i))
max=*(arr+i);
return (max);
}
5) Result:
Enter number of elements 3
564
The largest number is 6

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Display (p+i)

C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Experiment 28: A program to print the elements of a structure using pointers

1) AIM: Program to print the elements of a structure using pointers
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take a character array name, a number and price in structure
step3: in main take a struct variable product and a pointer
for(*ptr=product;ptr<product+3;ptr++)
read the value by using array operator
ptr->name,ptr->no,ptr->price
step4: display name,no,price
step5: stop

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C & DS Lab Manual

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

3) FLOWCHART:
A program to print the elements of a structure using pointers

Start

Take product[3],*ptr

If
Ptr<product
+3

Read ptr->name, &ptr->number,

&ptr->price

Ptr=product

while
Ptr<product
+3

Display ptr->name,Ptr=>number,
ptr->price

Ptr ++
Start

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4) PROGRAM:
A program to print the elements of a structure using pointers
#include<stdio.h>
struct invest
{char name[20];
int number;
float price;};
main()
{
struct invest product[3],*ptr;
clrscr();
printf("input\n\n");
for(*ptr=product[3];ptr<product+3;ptr++)
scanf("%s%d%f",ptr->name,&ptr->number,&ptr->price);
printf("\nResult \n\n");
ptr=product;
while(ptr<product+3)
{
printf("%20s%5d%10.2f\n",ptr->name,ptr->number,ptr->price);
ptr++;
}
getch();
}

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Experiment 29: Program to display student information by initializing structures

AIM: Program to display student information by initializing structures
ALGORITHM:
step1: take name, roll no and age inside the student structure
step2: enter the required data
step3: stop

FLOWCHART:
A program to display student information by initializing structures
Start

Struct Student

Take name, Rollno , age

Display name, rollno, age

Stop

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PROGRAM:
A program to display student information by initializing structures
#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{
char name[10];
int rollno;
int age;
};
main()
{
static struct student s1;
clrscr();
printf("enter the name,rollno,age");
scanf("%s%d%d\n",&s1.name,&s1.rollno,&s1.age);
printf("%s %d %d",s1.name,s1.rollno,s1.age);
getch();
}

5) Result:
Ente name, rollno,age
Ravi 11 25
Ravi 11 25

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Experiment 30: Program to find the total no. of marks

AIM: Program to find the total no. of marks
ALGORITHM:
step1: take name, roll no and total inside the structure
step2: enter the marks of five subjects
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("enter s[%d] student marks" ,i);
s[i].total=0;
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
read the value of s[i].subject[j]
s[i].total=s[i].total+s[i].subject[j];
step3: display s[i].total
step4: stop

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Start

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

FLOWCHART:
A program to find the total no. of marks

Struct student s

Enter NO.of Students

Enter Marks of Five Subjects,

I=0

If
I<n

S[i].total=0

J=0

If
j<5

S[i]=s[i].total+s[i].subject[j]

J++

Display Total

I++

Start

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PROGRAM:
A program to find the total no. of marks
#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{
char name[10];
int rollno;
int subject[5],total;
};
main ( )
{
static struct student s[100];
int n,i,j;
clrscr();
printf("enter the no.of students");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("enter the marks of fivesubjects");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("enter s[%d] student marks",i);
s[i].total=0;
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&s[i].subject[j]);
s[i].total=s[i].total+s[i].subject[j];
}
printf("%d",s[i].total);
}
}
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5) Result:
enter the no.of students2
enter the marks of fivesubjectsenter s[0] student marks1
2
3
4
5
15enter s[1] student marks12
32
14
15
65
138

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Experiment 31: Program to find the salary of employee and salary details
1) AIM: Program to find the salary of employee and salary details
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: take a character array of name, an id inside the structure
step2: take another structure of inside the structure name that salary take, basic, pf, hra,
da, gross
step3: enter the name, id of an employee and read these
step4: use dot operator to access these variables
step5: display gross salary
step6: stop

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3) FLOWCHART:
A program to find the salary of employee and salary details

Start

Struct employee e1

Struct salary s1

Enter name ,id, salary

E1.s1.hra=15%*basic
E1.s1.da=45%*basic
E1.s1.gross=e1.s1.basic+e1.s1.hra
+e1.s1.da+e1.s1.pf

Display Gross Salary

Display Basic
Display Hra
Display DA
Display Pf

Stop

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4) PROGRAM:
A program to find the salary of employee and salary details
#include<stdio.h>
struct employee
{
char name[10];
int id;
struct salary
{
int basic,pf;
float hra,ta,da,gross;
}s1;
}e1;
main()
{
printf("enter name & id of emp");
scanf("%s%d",&e1.name,&e1.id);
printf("enter salary of emp");
scanf("%d%f%f%d",&e1.s1.basic,&e1.s1.hra,&e1.s1.da,&e1.s1.pf);
e1.s1.hra=15% * basic;
e1.s1.da=45%*basic;
e1.s1.gross=e1.s1.basic+e1.s1.hra+e1.s1.da+-e1.s1.pf;
printf("%s\n%d",e1.name,e1.s1.gross);
printf("\n%d\n%f\n%d\n%f\n",e1.s1.basic,e1.s1.hra,e1.s1.da,e1.s1.pf,e1.s1.gross);
}

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5) Result:
Enter name and id of emp
Eswar
101
Enter salary of Emp
5000
Gross salary : 8000

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Experiment 32 : Program to pass structure as an argument to function Calculate

total marks

1) AIM: Program to pass structure as an argument to function Calculate total

marks

2) ALGORITHM:
step1: take a structure ex2
step2: inside the structure declare 6 integers
step3: declare structureex2 as s1
step4: declarestruture ex2 as s2,ex2 as fun();
step5: display the message enter the marks
step6: take value of the subjects from the user
step7: store the return value in s2.total
step8: print the value of s2.total
step9: stop

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3) PROGRAM:
A program to pass structure as arguments to function And calculate total marks of
5 students
#include<stdio.h>
struct ex2
{
int m1,m2,m3,m4,m5,total;
};
main()
{
struct ex2 s1;
struct ex2 s2;
struct ex2 fun();
printf("enter the marks");
scanf("%d%d%d%d%d",&s1.m1,&s1.m2,&s1.m3,&s1.m4,&s1.m5);
s2=fun(s3);
printf("%d",s1.total);
}
struct ex2 fun(s3)
struct ex2 s3;
{
s3.total=s3.m1+s3.m2+s3.m3+s3.m4+s3.m5;
return(s3);
}

4) Result:
Enter the marks
10 20 30 40 50
150

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Experiment 33: Program to display college address using pointers and structures
1) AIM: Program to display college address using pointers and structures
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: take name, location and city for the college
step2: take a pointer variable & address of the college
step3: p->name={''gnec''}
p->location={"ibrahimpatnam"}
p->city={"rr dist"}
step4: display p->name,p->location,p->city
step5: stop

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3) PROGRAM:
A program to display college address using pointers and structures
#include<stdio.h>
struct college address
{
char name[20],location[20],city[20];
};
main()
{
struct college address add,*ptr;
p=&add;
p->name={"gnec"};
p->location={"ibrahimpatnam"};
p->city={"rr dist"};
printf("%s%s%s",p->name,p->location,p->city);
}

4) Result:
Gnec ibrahimpatnam rr dist

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Experiment 34:

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Program to write data file and read data from file

1) AIM: Program to write data file and read data from file
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take a character ch and define a file pointer f2
step3: open a file data.dat for writing
step4: while ((ch=getch()!=eof)
read a character ch
step5: close the file data.dat
step6: open the same file for reading
while((ch=get(f2)!=EOF)
display charecter on monitor
step7: close the data.dat
step8:stop

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3) FLOWCHART:

Start

Programs to write data file and read data from file

FILE *f2

Opent Dara file

to werite

While
((Ch==g
etchar()
)!=EOF)

Putc(ch,f2)

Close (f2)

Open data file to read

While
((Ch==
getc())!
==EOF)

Putchar (ch, f2)

Close (f2)

Stop

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4) PROGRAM:
A program to write data file and read data from file
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
charch;
FILE *f2;
f2=fopen("data.dat","w");
while((ch=getchar())!=EOF)
putc(ch,f2);
fclose(f2);
f2=fopen("data.dat","r");
while((ch=getc(f2))!=EOF)
putchar(ch);
fclose(f2);
}

5) Result:
Gurunanak Engineering College, Ibrahimpatnam, RR Dist.
Gurunanak Engineering College, Ibrahimpatnam, RR Dist.

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Experiment 35:

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Program to write integer data into file and read it from file

1) AIM: Program to write integer data into file and read it from file
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take a number and define a file pointer
step3: open a file data.dat for writing
step4: read on integer and also read aninter into file
step5: close the file data.dat
step6: open the same file for reading
display an integer
step7: stop

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3) FLOWCHART:
A program to write integer data into file and read it from file
Start

FILE *f2

Open Data file to

write

Read num

Putw( num,f2)

Close (f2)

Open data file to read

Num=getw(f2)

Display Num

Close (f2)

Stop

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4) PROGRAM:
A program to write integer data into file and read it from file
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int num;
FILE *f2;
f2=fopen("data.int","w");
scanf("%d",&num);
putw(num,f2);
fclose(f2);
f2=fopen("data.int","r");
num=getw(f2);
printf("%d",num);
fclose(f2);
}

5) Result:
12
12

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Experiment 36: Program to write product details

1) AIM: Program to write product details
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take a charecter array c
step3: take three integers p,q,b
step4: define a file pointer fp
step5: open a file data.dat for writing
step6: accept c from user and p,q
step7: write string in c andvalues ofp,q into file
step8: close the file data.dat
step9: open the same file for reading
step10: evaluate p*q and store in b
display c,p,q,b to the user
step11: closethe data.dat
step8"stop

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3) PROGRAM:
A program to write product details
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char c[20];
int p,q,b;
FILE *f2;
f2=fopen("data.dat","w");
printf("enter item name,price,quality");
scanf("%s%d%d",&c,&p,&q);
b=p*q;
printf("%s%d%d%d",c,p,q,b);
fclose(f2);
}

5) Result:
Enter item name, price, quality
Rice 25 1
Rice 25 1 25

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FLOCHART:
A program to write product details

Start

FILE *f2

F2=Open data file to

write

Enter name,price,quality

b=p*q

Display c,p,q.b

Close (f2)

Stop

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Experiment 37: Program to Use command line arguments in files

1) AIM: Program to Use command line arguments in files
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: start
step2: take argc,argv in main function an array of word and i
step3: define a file pointer
step4: open a file command.dat for writing
for(i=0;i<argc;i++)
Display argv[i]
close the file
step6:open the same file for reading
for(i=1;i>argc;i++)
display word
step7: close the file
step8: stop

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Start

3) FLOWCHART:

FILE *f2

Program to use command line

arguments in files

F2=Open data file to write

I=0

If
I<argc

Write to file, argv[i]

Close (f2)

F2=Open file to read data

I=0

If
I<argc

Read data from file

Close (f2)

Stop

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4) PROGRAM:
Program to use command line arguments in files
#include<stdio.h>
main(argc,argv)
{
char word[10],*argv[];
int i,argc;
FILE *f2;
f2=fopen("command.dat","w");
for(i=1;i<argc;i++)
fprintf(fp,"%s",argv[i]);
fclose(fp);
f2=fopen("command.dat","r");
for(i=1;i<argc;i++)
{
fscanf(fp,"%s",word);
}
fclose(fp);
}

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Experiment 38: Program to implement Stack operations using arrays

1) AIM: Program to implement Stack operations using arrays
2) ALGORITHM:
1. push(s,top,x):
step1: start
step2:(check for stack overflow)
if(top>=max)
display "stack overflow"
return
step3:[increment top pointer]
top++
step4:[increment an element in thestack]
s[top] <- x
step5:[finished]
return
2.pop(s,top)
step1:(check for stack underflow)
if(top==0)
display() "stack underflow"
step2:[decrement top operator]
top<- top-1
step3:[delete an element from the stack]
return
(s[top+1])

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3) PROGRAM:
Stack operations using arrays
#include<stdio.h>
#define max 10
void push();
void pop();
void display();
int s[max];
int top=0;
void main()
{
char ch;
int choice;
do
{
printf("enter choice of operation");
printf("1.push(),2.pop(),3.display()");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case1:
push();
break;
case2:
pop();

break;
case3:
display();
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break;
default:
printf("invalid option");
}
printf("do u wantto continue y/n");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c",&ch);
}
while(ch=='y'||ch=='y')
}
void push()
{
int item;
if(top>=max)
printf("stackisfull");
else
{
printf("enter any item");
scanf("%d",&item);
top++;
s[top]=item;
}
}
void pop()

{
int item;
if(top==0)
printf("stack is empty");

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else
{
item=s[top];
printf("the related elemnt is %d",item);
top--;
}
}
void display()
{
int item;
int i;
if(top==0)
printf("\n stack is empty no element isdisplayed");
else
{
printf("\n%d\n",s[i]);
printf("\n----\n");
}
}

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5) Result:
enter choice of operation1.push(),2.pop(),3.display()1
enter any item3
do u wantto continue y/ny
enter choice of operation1.push(),2.pop(),3.display()1
enter any item4
do u wantto continue y/ny
enter choice of operation1.push(),2.pop(),3.display()3

15150

---do u wantto continue y/nn

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Experiment 39: Program to implement Queue operations using arrays

1) AIM: Program to implement Queue operations using arrays
2) ALGORITHM:
step1:start
step2:(resetrearpointer)
if r=n
then r<-1
else
r<-r+1
step3:(overflow)
if f=r
then write "queue overflow"
return
step4:[insert element]
q[r]<-r
step5:[setthe pointer]
if f=0
thenf<-1
return

an algorithm for delete element from queue

step1:[underflow]
iff=0
then write queue overflow

step2:[delete element]
y<-q(f)
step3:[queue empty]
if ]<-r<-0
return(y)
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step4:[increment front pointer]

if ]=n
then
f<-1
else
f<-f+1
return(y)

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3) PROGRAM:
Program to implement Queue operations using arrays
#include<stdio.h>
#define max10
void insert();
void delete();
void display();
int cq[max];
int front=0,rear=0;
void main()
{
int choice;
char ch;
do
{
printf("enter choice for circular queue");
printf("1-insert()
2-delete()
3-display()");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
insert();
break;
case 2:
delete();
break;

case 3:
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display();
break;
default:
printf("invalid option");
break;
}
printf("do u wantto continue y/n");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c",&ch);
}
while(ch=='y'||ch=='y');
}
void insert()
{
int item;
if(rear==max)
rear=1;
else
error++;
if(front==rear)
printf("queue overflow");
else
{
printf("enter any item");
scanf("%d",&item);
cq[rear]=item;
}

if(front==0)
front=1;
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}
void delete()
{
int item;
if(front==0)
printf("queue underflow");
else
{
item=cq[front];
printf("the deleted element id %d",item);
}
if(front==rear)
{
front=0;
rear=0;
return;
}
if(front==max)
front=1;
else
front=front+1;
}
void dispaly()
{
int i;
if(front==0)
printf("no element inthe queue");
else
{
if(front<rear)
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for(i=front;i<=rear;i++)
{
printf("%d",q[i]);
}
else
for(i=front;i>rear;i--)
printf("%d",q[i]);
}
}

5) Result:
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 1
Enter any item 14
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 1
Enter any item 15
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 1
Enter any item 20
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 3
14 15 20

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Experiment 40:

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Program infix-postfix operation

1) AIM: Program infix-postfix operation

2) PROGRAM 43:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define MAX 100
void push(char);
char pop();
int top=-1;
char stack[MAX];
void main()
{
char A,infix[100],post[100],x,ch;
int i,j=0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the Infix expression.....\n");
gets(infix);
push('(');
for(i=0;(x=infix[i])!='\0';i++)
{
ch=')';
if((x>='A')&&(x<='Z'))
post[j++]=x;
else
if(x=='(')
push(x);
else
if(x==')')
{
while(ch!='(')
{
ch=pop();
post[j++]=ch;
}
j--;
}
else
{
while(prec(x)<=prec(stack[top]))
{
ch=pop();
post[j++]=ch;
}
push(x);
}
}

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post[j]='\0';
printf("The Postfix Expression is.....\n");
puts(post);
getch();
}
int prec(char y)
{
int k;
switch(y)
{
case '+':k=1;
break;
case '-':k=1;
break;
case '*':k=2;
break;
case '/':k=2;
break;
case '^':k=3;
break;
case '(':k=0;
break;
}
return(k);
}
void push(char item)
{
if(top==MAX)
{
printf("OverFlow");
return;
}
else
{
top=top+1;
stack[top]=item;
}
return;
}
char pop(char item)
{
if(top==-1)
{
printf("Underflow");
return;
}
else
{
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item=stack[top];
top=top-1;
return item;
}
}

4) Result:
Enter the Infix Expression:((A+B)*(C-D)/((E+F)*(G-H)
The Expected OutPut is...ABCDEFGH/*+-*+The Postfix Expression is:AB+CD-*EF+GH-*

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Experiment 41: Program to implement Postfix evaluation

1) AIM: Program to implement Postfix evaluation
2) PROGRAM:
Program to implement Postfix evaluation
#include<conio.h>
#define MAX 100
void push(int);
int pop();
int top=-1,f=0,i;
int stack[MAX];
void main()
{
char post[100],x;
int value, a,b;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the Postfix Expression....");
gets(post);
for( i=0;(x=post[i])!='\0';i++)
{
if(isdigit(x))
{
push(x-'0');
}
else
{
a=pop();
b=pop();
value=perform(x,a,b);
push(value);
}
}
gets(post);
for(i=0;(x=post[i])!='\0';i++)
{
if(isdigit(x))
{
push(x=0);
}
else
{
a=pop();
b=pop();
value=perform(x,a,b);
push(value);
}
}

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printf("The value of the postfix expression is :%d\n",stack[top]);

getch();
}
int perform(char y,int m, int n)
{
int k;
switch(y)
{
case '+':k=n+m;
break;
case '-':k=n-m;
break;
case '*':k=n*m;
break;
case '/':k=n/m;
break;
case '^':k=pow(n,m);
break;
}
return(k);
}
void push(int item)
{
if(top==MAX)
{
printf("overflow\n");
return;
}
else
{
top=top+1;
stack[top]=item;
}
return;
}
int pop(int item)
{
if(top==-1)
{
printf("underflow\n");
return;
}
else
{
item=stack[top];
top=top-1;
return item;
}
}
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3) Result: 1
1.Enter the Postfix expression 654*+
The value of the Postfix expressin is: 26

Result: 2
2.Enter the Postfix expression is 6589+-*
The vlaue of the Postfix expression is: -72 */

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Experiment 42: Program to implement Prefix evaluation

1) AIM: Program to implement Prefix evaluation
2) ALGORITHM:
step1:initializestack to be empty
reverse given i/p string
step2:scan from left to right if the i/p string is operand push it on to the stack
step3:if the i/p string is operator then the first two operatoron the stack areevaluated
using this operator by popping them from the stack and the result is also palced on
thestack

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3) PROGRAM:
Program to implement Prefix evaluation
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int st[100];
int st_top=-1;
int cal(char post[]);
void in_post(char in[]);
void push_item(int it);
int pop_item();
int st_ISP(char t);
int st_ICP(char t);
/*main function*/
void main()
{
char in[100],post[100];
clrscr();
printf("\n\tEnter the Infix Expression: ");
gets(in);
in_post(in);
getch();
}
/*end main*/
void push_item(int it)
{
if(st_top==99)
{
printf("\n\n\t*STACK is Full*");
getch();
exit(1);
}
st[++st_top]=it;
}
int pop_item()
{
int it;
if(st_top==-1)
{
getch();
}
return(st[st_top--]);
}
/*Function for converting an infix expression to a postfix expression. */
void in_post(char in[])
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{
int x=0,y=0,z,result=0;
char a,c, post[100];
char t;
push_item('\0');
t=in[x];
while(t!='\0')
{
if(isalnum(t))
/*For checking whether the value in t is an alphabet or number. */
{
post[y]=t;
y++;
}
else if(t=='(')
{
push_item('(');
}
else if(t==')')
{
while(st[st_top]!='(')
{
c=pop_item();
post[y]=c;
y++;
}
c=pop_item();
}
else
{
while(st_ISP(st[st_top])>=st_ICP(t))
{
c=pop_item();
post[y]=c;
y++;
}
push_item(t);
}
x++;
t=in[x];
}
while(st_top!=-1)
{
c=pop_item();
post[y]=c;
y++;
}
printf("\n\tThe Postfix Expression is:");
for(z=0;z<y;z++)
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printf("%c",post[z]);
printf("\n\nDo you want to evaluate the Result of Postfix Expression?(Y/N):");
scanf("%c",&a);
if(a=='y' || a=='Y')
{
result=cal(post);
printf("\n\n\tResult is: %d\n",result);
getch();
}
else if(a=='n' || a=='N')
{
exit(0);
}
}
/*Determining priority of inside elements*/
int st_ISP(char t)
{
switch(t)
{
case '(':return (10);
case ')':return (9);
case '+':return (7);
case '-':return (7);
case '*':return (8);
case '/':return (8);
case '\0':return (0);
default: printf("Expression is invalid.");
break;
}
return 0;
}
/*Determining priority of approaching elements*/
int st_ICP(char t)
{
switch(t)
{
case '(':return (10);
case ')':return (9);
case '+':return (7);
case '-':return (7);
case '*':return (8);
case '/':return (8);
case '\0':return (0);
default: printf("Expression is invalid.");
break;
}
return 0;
}/*Evaluating the result of postfix expression*/
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int cal(char post[])

{
int m,n,x,y,j=0,len;
len=strlen(post);
while(j<len)
{
if(isdigit(post[j]))
{
x=post[j]-'0';
push_item(x);
}
else
{
m=pop_item();
n=pop_item();
switch(post[j])
{
case '+':x=n+m;
break;
case '-':x=n-m;
break;
case '*':x=n*m;
break;
case '/':x=n/m;
break;
}
push_item(x);
}
j++;
}
if(st_top>0)
{
printf("Number of Operands are more than Operators.");
exit(0);
}
else
{
y=pop_item();
return (y);
}
return 0;}

4) Result:
Enter the Infix Expression: a+b*c
The Postfix Expression is: abc*+
Do you want to evaluate the Result of Postfix Expression?(Y/N):

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Experiment 43: Program to implement Single linked list

AIM: Program to implement Single linked list
PROGRAM:
Program to implement Single linked list
#include<stdio.h>
#define null 0
struct linked-list
{
int number;
struct linked-list *next;
};
typedef struct linked-list node;
main()
{
int ch;
node *head;
void create(node *p);
int count(node *p);
void print(node *p);
node *insert(node *p);
node *find(node *p,int key);
node *delete(node *hrad);
head=(node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
create(head);
printf("\n");
print(head);
printf("\n");
printf("\n numof items=%d",count(head));
printf("enter1-insert,2-delete");

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print(list->next);
}
return;
}
int count(node *list)
{
if(list->next==null)
return(0);
else
return(1+count(list->next));
}
node insert(node *head)
{
node *find(node *p,int a);
node *new,*n1;
int key,x;
printf("enter value of new item\n");
scanf("%d",&x);
printf("value of key item before which item is inserted?-999 if it is lost");
scanf("%d",&key);
if(head->number==key)
{
new=(node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
new->number=x;
new->next=head;
head=new;
}
else

{
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n1=find(head,key);
if(n1==null)
printf("key is not found");
else
{
new=(node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
new->number=x;
new->next=n1->next;
n1->next=new;
}
}
return(head);
}
node *find(node *list,int key)
{
if(list->next->number==key)
return(list);
else
if(list->next->next==null)
return(null);
else
find(list->next,key);
}
node *delete(node *head)
{
node *find(node *p,int a);
int key;

node *n1,*p;
printf("enter the num to be deleted");
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scanf("%d",&key);
if(head->number==key)
{
p=head->next;
free(head);
head=p;
}
else
{
n1=find(head,key);
if(n1==null)
printf("\nkey not found");
else
{
p=n1->next->next;
free(n1->next);
n1->next=p;
}
}
return(head);
}

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5) Result:
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 1
Enter any item 14
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 1
Enter any item 15
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 1
Enter any item 20
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 3
14 15 20

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Experiment 44: Program to implement Double linked list

1) AIM: Program to implement Double linked list
2) PROGRAM:
Program to implement Double linked list
#include<stdio.h>
struct node
{
int info;
struct node *lptr,*rptr;
};
struct node *current,*hrad=null;
main()
{
charch='y';
int choice;
void create();
void delete();
void insert();
void traverse();
printf("creation of doublelinkedlist");
do{
}
create();
printf("do u wantto continue another node(y/n));
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c",&ch);
}
while(ch!='n');
ch='y';

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printf("1.traverse\n");
printf("2.insert\n");
printf("3.delete\n");
while(ch=='y')
{
printf("enter u rchoice\n");
scanf("%d",&choice);

switch(choice)
{
case1:printf("the element in the list are\n");
traverse();
break;
case2:insert();
break;
case3:delete();
break;
}scanf("%c",&ch);
}
}
voidcreate()
{
int no;
struct node *temp;
printf("enter the num \n");
scanf("%d",&no);
temp=(struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct(node));
temp->lptr=null;

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temp->info=no;
temp->rptr=null;
if(head==null)
{
head=temp;
current=temp;
}
Else

{
current->rptr=temp;
temp->lptr=current;
current=temp;
}
}
voidtraverse()
{
struct node *t1=head;
if(t1==null)
printf("\n");
else
for(;t1!=null;t1->rptr)
{
printf("5d\n",t1->info);
}
}
void insret()
{

struct node *new;

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struct node*t2=head;
int no,p,option;
if(t2==null)
{
printf("no elements is in linkedlist");
printf("pleaseinsert into any elemnets in the linkedlist\n");
exit();
}

else
{
printf("enter the no to insert \n");
scanf("%d",&no);
printf("1.insert at begining \n");
printf("2.insert at end \n");
printf("3.insert at middle \n");
printf("enter u r option \n");
scanf("%d",&option);
new=(struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct(node));
new->lptr=null;
new->info=no;
new->rptr=null;
switch(option)
{
case1:
new->lptr=t2;
new->lptr=new;

head=new;
break;
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case2:
for(;t->rptr!=null;t2=t2->rptr)
new->lptr=t2;
t2->rptr=new;
break;
case3:
printf("enter the elements after which u want to insert \n");
scanf("%d",&p);
for(;t2!=null && t2->info!=p;t2=t2->rptr)
if(t2=null)
{
printf("elements not found \n");
}
else
{
new->rptr=t2->rptr;
t2->rptr->lptr=new;
t2->prtr=new;
new->lptr=t2;
}
break;
}
}
}
void delete()
{
int flag=0,ele;
struct node *t3=head;
if(t3==null)
{
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printf("\n noelemnet");
exit();
}
else
{
printf("enter the elemt to be deleted");
scanf("%d",&ele);
while(t3!=null)
{
if(t3->info==ele)
{
flag=1;
if(t3==head)
{
head=t3->rptr;
head->rptr=null;
free(t3);
}
else
{
if(t3->rptr!=null)
{
t3->lptr=t3->rptr;
t3->rptr=t3->lptr;
free(t3);
}
else
{
t3->lptr->rptr=null;
free(t3);
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}
}
}
t3=t3->ptr;
}
if(flag==0)
{
printf("element not found\n");
}
}
}

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3) Result:
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 1
Enter any item 14
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 1
Enter any item 15
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 1
Enter any item 20
1) Insert 2) Delete 3) Display
Enter choice for circular queue 3
14 15 20

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Experiment 45 Program to implement Bubble sort

1) AIM: Program to implement Bubble sort
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: take first two elements of a list and compare them
step2: if the first elements grater than second then interchange else keep the values as it
step3: repeat the step 2 until last comparison takes place
step4: reapeat step 1 to 3 until the list is sorted

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EXPERIMENT 45: Program to implement Bubble sort

AIM: Program to implement Bubble sort
3) PROGRAM:
Program to implement Bubble sort
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[10],i,j,temp,n;
clear();
printf("\n enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort \n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n enter the elements u want to sort \n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if(a[i]>a[j])
{
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[j];
a[j]=temp;
}
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i]);
} getch();}
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4) Result:
enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort
5
enter the elements u want to sort
10 20 15 6 40
6 10 15 20 40

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Experiment 46: Program to implement Selection sort

1) AIM: Program to implement Selection sort
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: take first a list of unsorted values
step2: consider the first element as minimum element store itsindexvalue in a variable
step3:repeat the step 2 untill last comparison takes place
step4: compare the minimum with rest of all elements to find minimum value and
interchange the minimum value with the first element
step5: reapeat step 3 to 4 until the list is sorted*/

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3) PROGRAM:
Program to implement Selection sort
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[10],i,j,temp,n;
int min,loc;
clear();
printf("\n enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort \n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n enter the elements u want to sort \n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
min=a[i];
loc=1;
for(j=i+1;j<=n;j++)
{
if(min>a[j])
{
min=a[j];
loc=j;
}
}
}
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[loc];
a[loc]=temp;
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}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{printf("%d\t",a[i]);
}
getch();
}

4) Result:
enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort
5
enter the elements u want to sort
10 20 15 6 40
6 10 15 20 40

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Experiment 47: Program to implement Insertion sort

1) AIM: Program to implement Insertion sort
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: take a list of values
step2: compare the first two elements of a list if first element is greaterthan second
interchange it else keep the list as it is.
step3: now take three elements from the list andsort them as folloes
Step4::reapeat step 2 to 3 until thelist is sorted*/

3) PROGRAM: Program to implement Insertion sort

#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[10],i,p,temp,n;
clear();
printf("\n enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort \n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n enter the elements u want to sort \n");
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
a[0]=100;
for(i=2;i<=n;i++)
temp=a[i];
p=i-1;
while(temp<a[p])
{
a[p+1]=a[p];
p=p-1;
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}
a[p+1]=temp;
}
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i]);
} getch();}

4) Result:
Enter the max no.of elements u want to sort
5
Enter the elements u want to sort
10 20 15 6 40
6 10 15 20 40

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Experiment 48: Program to implement Quick sort

1) AIM: Program to implement Quick sort

2) ALGORITHM:
step1: take first a list of unsorted values
step2: take firstelement as 'pivot'
step3: keep the firstelement as 'pivot' and correct its position in the list
step4: divide the list into two based on first element
step5: combine the list

3) PROGRAM:
Program to implement Quick sort
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[10],i,left,right,n;
int min,loc;
clear();
printf("\n enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort \n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n enter the elements u want to sort \n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
left=0;
right=n-1;
quicksort(a,left,right);
display(a,n);
}

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quicksort(int a[],int left,intright)

{
int temp,flag=1,i,j,p;
i=left;
j=right;
p=a[left];
if(right>left)
{
while(flag)
{
do
{
i++;
}
while(a[i]<p && i<=right);
while((a[i]>p) && j>left)
j--;
if(j<i)
flag=0;
else
{
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[j];
a[j]=temp;
}
}
temp=a[lest];
a[left]=a[j];
a[j]=temp;
quicksort[a,left,j-1];
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quicksort[a,i,right];
}
}
display(int a[],int n)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i]);
}
getch();
}

4) Result:
enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort
5
enter the elements u want to sort
10 20 15 6 40
6 10 15 20 40

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Experiment 49: Program to implement Heap sort

1) AIM: Program to implement Heap sort
2) ALGORITHM:
step1: arrange elements of a list in correct form of a binary tree
step2: remove top most elements of the heap
step3: re arrange the remaining elements from a heap this process is continued till we get
sorted list

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Experiment 49:
1) AIM:

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Program to implement Heap sort

Program to implement Heap sort

2) PROGRAM:
Program to implement Heap sort
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[10],i,j,n;
int min,loc;
clear();
printf("\n enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort \n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n enter the elements u want to sort \n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
heapsort(a,n);
display(a,n);
}
heapsort(inta[],int n)
{
int temp,i,key,q;
create heap(a,n);
for(q=n;q>2;q--)
{
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[q];

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a[q]=temp;
i=1;
key=a[1];
j=2;
if((j+1)<q)
if(a[j+1]>a[j])
j++;
while(j<=(q-1) && a[j]<key))
{
a[i]=a[j];
i=j;
j=2*i;
if((j+1)<q)
if(a[j+1]>a[j])
j++;
else
if(j>n)
j=n;
a[i]=key;
}
}}

3) Result:
enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort
5
enter the elements u want to sort
10 20 15 6 40
6 10 15 20 40

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Experiment 50: Program to implement Binary search

1) AIM: Program to implement Binary search
2) PROGRAM:
Program to implement Binary search
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int list[10],key,found,num,i;
int low,high,mid;
clrscr();
printf("\n enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort \n");
scanf("%d",&num);
printf("\n enter the elements u want to sort \n");
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&list[i]);
}
printf("enter the value to be searched");
scanf("%d",&key);
low=o;
high=num-1;
while(low<=high)
{
mid=(low+high)/2;
if(key==list[mid])
{
printf("search is successful");

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printf("\n the elemnts is %d\n",list[mid]);

found=1;
break;}
if(key<list(mid))
high=mid-1;
else
if(key>list(mid))
low=mid+1;
}
if(found!=1)
printf("seach is unsuccessful");
getch();
}

3) Result:
enter the max no.of elements u wanna sort
5
enter the elements u want to sort
12345
enter the value to be searched
3
search is successful
the elemnts is 3

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Experiment 51: Program to implement linear search

1) AIM: Program to implement linear search
2) PROGRAM:
Program to implement linear search
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int list[10],key,found,num,i;
clrscr();
printf(Enter no. of elements : );
scanf(%d,&num);
printf(Enter %d elements\n,num);
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
scanf(%d,list[i[);
printf("\n enter the value to be seached \n");
scanf("%d",&key);
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
if(key==list[i])
{
printf("\n %d element is found at location%d",list[i],i+1);
found=1;
}
}
if(found!=1)
{

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printf(search is unsucessful");
}
getch();
}

3) Result:
Enter number of elements : 5
Enter 5 elements
15 35 62 45 11
enter the value to be seached
62
62 element is found at location 3

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. C AND Data Structures P. Padmanabhan, BS Publications.
2. C & Data structures Ashok N.Kanthane, Person Education.
REFERENCES:
1. Programming with ANSI and Turbo C Ashok N.Kamthane
2. Programming in ANSI C E. Balagurusamy
3. Let Us C - Yaswanth Kanethkar
4. C & Data Structures Prof. P.S.Desh Pande, Prof. O.G.Kakde, Wiley Dreamtech
Pvt.Ltd
5. Data Structures Using C A.S.Tenenbum, PHI/Person Education.
6. The C Programming Language B.W.Kernighan,Dennis M.Richie, PHI/ Person
Education.

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