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Shikimate 3-Phosphate

The shikimate pathway is a seven step metabolic route used by certain microorganisms and plants to synthesize aromatic amino acids and folates. This pathway involves the enzyme-catalyzed phosphorylation of shikimate and coupling with phosphoenolpyruvate to form chorismate. Chorismate is further transformed into prephenate and then into the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. This pathway is essential for plants and microbes but absent in animals.

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37 views2 pages

Shikimate 3-Phosphate

The shikimate pathway is a seven step metabolic route used by certain microorganisms and plants to synthesize aromatic amino acids and folates. This pathway involves the enzyme-catalyzed phosphorylation of shikimate and coupling with phosphoenolpyruvate to form chorismate. Chorismate is further transformed into prephenate and then into the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. This pathway is essential for plants and microbes but absent in animals.

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he shikimate pathway (shikimic acid pathway) is a seven step metabolic route used

by bacteria, fungi, algae, some protozoan parasites and plants for the biosynthesis of folates
and aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan). This pathway is not found in
animals, which require these amino acids, hence the products of this pathway represent essential
amino acids that must be obtained from bacteria or plants (or animals which eat bacteria or plants) in
the animal's diet.
The first enzyme involved is the shikimate kinase, an enzyme that catalyzes the ATP-
dependent phosphorylation of shikimate to form shikimate 3-phosphate.[1] Shikimate 3-phosphate is
then coupled with phosphoenol pyruvate to give 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate via the
enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase.

Then 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate is transformed into chorismate by a chorismate


synthase.

Prephenic acid is then synthesized by a Claisen


rearrangement of chorismate by Chorismate mutase.[2][3]
Prephenate is oxidatively decarboxylated with retention of the hydroxyl group to give p-
hydroxyphenylpyruvate, which is transaminated using glutamate as the nitrogen source to
give tyrosine and -ketoglutarate.

References[edit]
1. Jump up^ Herrmann, K. M.; Weaver, L. M. (1999). "The Shikimate Pathway". Annual
Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology. 50: 473
503. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.473. PMID 15012217.

2. Jump up^ Helmut Goerisch (1978). "On the mechanism of the chorismate mutase
reaction". Biochemistry. 17 (18): 3700. doi:10.1021/bi00611a004.

3. Jump up^ Peter Kast, Yadu B. Tewari, Olaf Wiest, Donald Hilvert, Kendall N. Houk, and
Robert N. Goldberg (1997). "Thermodynamics of the Conversion of Chorismate to
Prephenate: Experimental Results and Theoretical Predictions". J. Phys. Chem. B. 101 (50):
1097610982. doi:10.1021/jp972501l.

Bibliography[edit]
Brown, Stewart A.; Neish, A. C. (1955). "Shikimic Acid as a Precursor in Lignin
Biosynthesis".

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