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Lesson 4

This document discusses plurality (numbers) in Arabic grammar. It explains that nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verbs can be singular, dual or plural. Adjectives and verbs must agree with nouns in number, gender, definiteness and case ending. There are two types of plurals: sound plurals which keep the original form and broken plurals which vary significantly. Tables 6-8 show how dual and plural are formed from singular for different gendered nouns and broken plurals, including case ending markings.

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1K views3 pages

Lesson 4

This document discusses plurality (numbers) in Arabic grammar. It explains that nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verbs can be singular, dual or plural. Adjectives and verbs must agree with nouns in number, gender, definiteness and case ending. There are two types of plurals: sound plurals which keep the original form and broken plurals which vary significantly. Tables 6-8 show how dual and plural are formed from singular for different gendered nouns and broken plurals, including case ending markings.

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As I Comprehend It: Lesson 4 https://asicomprehendit.blogspot.in/2015/02/lesson-4.

html

As I Comprehend It

20th February 2015 Lesson 4


In the name of Allah, Most Beneficent, Most Merciful.

Assalamu'alaikum and greetings to all.

LESSON 4 NOMINALS : PLURALITY ( NUMBERS )

1. In Arabic, the nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verbs have three numbers:
singular, dual and plural.
2. The adjectives and verbs should agreewith the nouns and pronouns in respect of
number, gender, definiteness and case ending.
3. There are two kinds of plurals:
i. the sound plural (jama salim) which retains all the vowels and the
consonants of the singular and is based on its pattern.
ii. the broken plural (jama taksir) which varies very much from its singular. Has
more than 30 patterns.
4. The tables 6, 7 and 8 below show how the dual and the plural are formed from

the singular. The letter / ending in red is the sign ofnominative,


(marfu),accusative, (mansub) and genetive, (majrur) for
each respective category.

a. Nominative, ( marfu)with :

i. Dhommah for singular nouns (isim mufrad ),sound feminine plural


nouns( isim jamak muannath salim )and broken plural nouns (isim jamak
taksir).
ii. Alif for dual nouns (isim muthanna ).
iii. Wau for sound masculine plural nouns (isim jamak muzakkar salim).

b. Accusative, ( mansub) with:


i. Fathah for singular nouns (isim mufrad ) and broken plural nouns (isim
jamak taksir ).
ii. Yafor dual nouns (isim muthanna )andsound masculine plural nouns
(isim jamak muzakkar salim).
iii. Kasrah for sound feminine plural nouns ( isim jamak muannath salim )

c. Genetive,( majrur) with :

i. Kasrah for singular nouns (isim mufrad ), sound feminine plural nouns (
isim jamak muannath salim ) and broken plural nouns (isim jamak taksir
).
ii. Ya for dual nouns (isim muthanna ) and sound masculine plural nouns

1 of 3 01/06/17, 4:55 PM
As I Comprehend It: Lesson 4 https://asicomprehendit.blogspot.in/2015/02/lesson-4.html

(isim jamak muzakkar salim).


TABLE 6

SOUND MASCULINE PLURAL :JAMA MUZAKKAR SALIM:


MARFU : MANSUB : MAJRUR :

singular dual plural singular dual plural singular dual plural


+ + + + + +

TABLE 7

SOUND FEMININE PLURAL :JAMA MUANNATH SALIM :


MARFU : MANSUB : MAJRUR :

singular dual plural singular dual plural singular dual plural

- - -
+ + +
+ + +

TABLE 8

(1 PATTERN OF) BROKEN PLURAL : JAMA TAKSIR :


MARFU : MANSUB : MAJRUR :

singular dual plural singular dual plural singular dual plural

+ + +

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As I Comprehend It: Lesson 4 https://asicomprehendit.blogspot.in/2015/02/lesson-4.html

Posted 20th February 2015 by Norliza Bakhri

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