TL284x, TL384x

CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS

SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

D Optimized for Off-Line and dc-to-dc D PACKAGE

Converters (TOP VIEW)

D Low Start-Up Current (<1 mA)

COMP 1 14 REF
D Automatic Feed-Forward Compensation NC 2 13 NC
D Pulse-by-Pulse Current Limiting VFB 3 12 VCC
D Enhanced Load-Response Characteristics NC 4 11 VC
D Undervoltage Lockout With Hysteresis ISENSE 5 10 OUTPUT

D GND
NC 6 9
Double-Pulse Suppression 7 8
RT/CT POWER GROUND
D High-Current Totem-Pole Output
D Internally Trimmed Bandgap Reference NC – No internal connection
D 500-kHz Operation
D
D-8 OR P PACKAGE
Error Amplifier With Low Output (TOP VIEW)
Resistance
D Designed to Be Interchangeable With COMP 1 8 REF
UC2842 and UC3842 Series VFB 2 7 VCC
ISENSE 3 6 OUTPUT
description RT/CT 4 5 GND

The TL284x and TL384x series of control

integrated circuits provide the features that are
necessary to implement off-line or dc-to-dc fixed-frequency current-mode control schemes with a minimum
number of external components. Some of the internally implemented circuits are an undervoltage lockout
(UVLO), featuring a start-up current of less than 1 mA, and a precision reference trimmed for accuracy at the
error amplifier input. Other internal circuits include logic to ensure latched operation, a pulse-width modulation
(PWM) comparator (which also provides current-limit control), and a totem-pole output stage designed to source
or sink high-peak current. The output stage, suitable for driving N-channel MOSFETs, is low when it is in the
off state.
Major differences between members of these series are the UVLO thresholds and maximum duty-cycle ranges.
Typical UVLO thresholds of 16 V (on) and 10 V (off) on the TLx842 and TLx844 devices make them ideally suited
to off-line applications. The corresponding typical thresholds for the TLx843 and TLx845 devices are 8.4 V (on)
and 7.6 V (off). The TLx842 and TLx843 devices can operate to duty cycles approaching 100%. A duty-cycle
range of 0 to 50% is obtained by the TLx844 and TLx845 by the addition of an internal toggle flip-flop, which
blanks the output off every other clock cycle.
The TL284x-series devices are characterized for operation from –40°C to 85°C. The TL384x-series devices are
characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C.

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Copyright  1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1

TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGED DEVICES
CHIP FORM
TA SMALL OUTLINE SMALL OUTLINE PLASTIC DIP (Y)
(D) (D-8) (P)
TL3842D TL3842D-8 TL3842P TL3842Y
TL3843D TL3843D-8 TL3843P TL3843Y
0°C to 70°C
TL3844D TL3844D-8 TL3844P TL3844Y
TL3845D TL3845D-8 TL3845P TL3845Y
TL2842D TL2842D-8 TL2842P –
TL2843D TL2843D-8 TL2843P –
–40°C to 85°C
TL2844D TL2844D-8 TL2844P –
TL2845D TL2845D-8 TL2845P –
The D and D-8 packages are available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to the device type (i.e.,
TL3842DR or TL3842DR-8). Chip forms are tested at 25°C.

functional block diagram

12
VCC

34 V NOM UVLO
5-V REF
14
9 – + EN REF
GND

Internal
Bias

Vref
11
Good VC
Logic
7 10
RT/CT OSC OUTPUT
†
T 8 POWER
GROUND
Error
Amplifier S
+ 2R
3 PWM
VFB – R
Latch
R 1V
1 Current-
COMP
Sense
5 Comparator
ISENSE

† The toggle flip-flop is present only in TL2844, TL2845, TL3844, and TL3845.
Pin numbers shown are for the D Package.

2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

 TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)†
Supply voltage (see Note 1) (ICC < 30 mA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self limiting
Analog input voltage range, VI (VFB and ISENSE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 6.3 V
Output voltage, VO (OUTPUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 V
Input voltage, VI, (VC, D package only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 V
Supply current, ICC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 mA
Output current, IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±1 A
Error amplifier output sink current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 mA
Package thermal impedance, θJA (see Notes 2 and 3): D package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86°C/W
D-8 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97°C/W
P package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85°C/W
Virtual junction temperature range, TJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to 150°C
Output energy (capacitive load) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 µJ
Lead temperature, 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to 150°C
† Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTES: 1. All voltages are with respect to the device GND terminal.
2. Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable
ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TA)/θJA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can impact reliability.
3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51.

recommended operating conditions

MIN NOM MAX UNIT
Supply voltage, VCC and VC‡ 30 V
Input voltage, VI, RT/CT 0 5.5 V
Input voltage, VI, VFB and ISENSE 0 5.5 V
Output voltage, VO, OUTPUT 0 30 V
Output voltage, VO, POWER GROUND‡ –0.1 1 V
Supply current, externally limited, ICC 25 mA
Average output current, IO 200 mA
Reference output current, IO(ref) –20 mA
Oscillator frequency, fosc 100 500 kHz
Operating virtual junction temperature, TJ 0 125 °C
TL284x –40 85
Operating free-air
free air temperature,
temperature TA °C
TL384x 0 70
‡ These recommended voltages for VC and POWER GROUND apply only to the D package.

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3

TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 15 V (see
Note 4), RT = 10 kΩ, CT = 3.3 nF (unless otherwise specified)
reference section
TL284x TL384x
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX MIN TYP† MAX
Output voltage IO = 1 mA, TA = 25°C 4.95 5 5.05 4.9 5 5.1 V
Line regulation VCC = 12 V to 25 V 6 20 6 20 mV
Load regulation IO = 1 mA to 20 mA 6 25 6 25 mV
Temperature coefficient
0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 mV/°C
of output voltage
Output voltage
VCC = 12 V to 25 V, IO = 1 mA to 20 mA 4.9 5.1 4.82 5.18 V
with worst-case variation
Output noise voltage f = 10 Hz to 10 kHz, TA = 25°C 50 50 µV
Output-voltage long-term drift After 1000 h at TA = 25°C 5 25 5 25 mV
Short-circuit output current –30 –100 –180 –30 –100 –180 mA
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

oscillator section
TL284x TL384x
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX MIN TYP† MAX
Oscillator frequency (see Note 5) TA = 25°C 47 52 57 47 52 57 kHz
Frequency change with supply voltage VCC = 12 V to 25 V 2 10 2 10 Hz/kHz
Frequency change with temperature 50 50 Hz/kHz
Peak-to-peak amplitude at RT/CT 1.7 1.7 V
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
NOTES: 4. Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.
5. Output frequency equals oscillator frequency for the TLx842 and TLx843. Output frequency is one-half oscillator frequency for the
TLx844 and TLx845.

error-amplifier section
TL284x TL384x
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX MIN TYP† MAX
Feedback input voltage COMP at 2.5 V 2.45 2.50 2.55 2.42 2.50 2.58 V
Input bias current –0.3 –1 –0.3 –2 µA
Open-loop voltage amplification VO = 2 V to 4 V 65 90 65 90 dB
Gain-bandwidth product 0.7 1 0.7 1 MHz
Supply-voltage rejection ratio VCC = 12 V to 25 V 60 70 60 70 dB
Output sink current VFB at 2.7 V, COMP at 1.1 V 2 6 2 6 mA
Output source current VFB at 2.3 V, COMP at 5 V –0.5 –0.8 –0.5 –0.8 mA
High-level output voltage VFB at 2.3 V, RL = 15 kΩ to GND 5 6 5 6 V
Low-level output voltage VFB at 2.7 V, RL = 15 kΩ to GND 0.7 1.1 0.7 1.1 V
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

 TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 15 V (see
Note 4), RT = 10 kΩ, CT = 3.3 nF (unless otherwise specified) (continued)
current-sense section
TL284x TL384x
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX MIN TYP† MAX
Voltage amplification See Notes 6 and 7 2.85 3 3.13 2.85 3 3.15 V/V
Current-sense comparator threshold COMP at 5 V, See Note 6 0.9 1 1.1 0.9 1 1.1 V
Supply-voltage rejection ratio VCC = 12 V to 25 V, See Note 6 70 70 dB
Input bias current –2 –10 –2 –10 µA
Delay time to output 150 300 150 300 ns
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
NOTES: 4. Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.
6. These parameters are measured at the trip point of the latch, with VFB at 0 V.
7. Voltage amplification is measured between ISENSE and COMP, with the input changing from 0 V to 0.8 V.

output section
TL284x TL384x
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX MIN TYP† MAX
IOH = –20 mA 13 13.5 13 13.5
High level output voltage
High-level V
IOH = –200 mA 12 13.5 12 13.5
IOL = 20 mA 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4
Low level output voltage
Low-level V
IOL = 200 mA 1.5 2.2 1.5 2.2
Rise time CL = 1 nF, TA = 25°C 50 150 50 150 ns
Fall time CL = 1 nF, TA = 25°C 50 150 50 150 ns
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

undervoltage-lockout section
TL284x TL384x
PARAMETER UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX MIN TYP† MAX
TLx842, TLx844 15 16 17 14.5 16 17.5
Start threshold voltage V
TLx843, TLx845 7.8 8.4 9 7.8 8.4 9
TLx842, TLx844 9 10 11 8.5 10 11.5
Minimum operating voltage after startup V
TLx843, TLx845 7 7.6 8.2 7 7.6 8.2
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

pulse-width-modulator section
TL284x TL384x
PARAMETER UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX MIN TYP† MAX
TLx842, TLx843 95% 97% 100% 95% 97% 100%
Maximum duty cycle
TLx844, TLx845 46% 48% 50% 46% 48% 50%
Minimum duty cycle 0 0
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5

TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 15 V (see
Note 4), RT = 10 kΩ, CT = 3.3 nF (unless otherwise specified) (continued)
supply voltage
TL284x TL384x
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX MIN TYP† MAX
Start-up current 0.5 1 0.5 1 mA
Operating supply current VFB and ISENSE at 0 V 11 17 11 17 mA
Limiting voltage ICC = 25 mA 34 34 V
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

electrical characteristics, VCC = 15 V (see Note 4), RT = 10 kΩ, CT = 3.3 nF, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise
specified)
reference section
TL384xY
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP MAX
Output voltage IO = 1 mA 5 V
Line regulation VCC = 12 V to 25 V 6 mV
Load regulation IO = 1 mA to 20 mA 6 mV
Temperature coefficient of output voltage 0.2 mV/°C
Output noise voltage f = 10 Hz to 10 kHz 50 µV
Output-voltage long-term drift After 1000 h at TA = 25°C 5 mV
Short-circuit output current –100 mA
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

oscillator section
TL384xY
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP MAX
Oscillator frequency (see Note 5) 52 kHz
Frequency change with supply voltage VCC = 12 V to 25 V 2 Hz/kHz
Frequency change with temperature 5 Hz/kHz
Peak-to-peak amplitude at RT/CT 1.7 V
NOTES: 4. Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.
5. Output frequency equals oscillator frequency for the TLx842 and TLx843. Output frequency is one-half oscillator frequency for the
TLx844 and TLx845.

6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

 TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

electrical characteristics, VCC = 15 V (see Note 4), RT = 10 kΩ, CT = 3.3 nF, TA= 25°C (unless otherwise
specified) (continued)
error-amplifier section
TL384xY
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP MAX
Feedback input voltage COMP at 2.5 V 2.50 V
Input bias current –0.3 µA
Open-loop voltage amplification VO = 2 V to 4 V 90 dB
Gain-bandwidth product 1 MHz
Supply-voltage rejection ratio VCC = 12 V to 25 V 70 dB
Output sink current VFB at 2.7 V, COMP at 1.1 V 6 mA
Output source current VFB at 2.3 V, COMP at 5 V –0.8 mA
High-level output voltage VFB at 2.3 V, RL = 15 kΩ to GND 6 V
Low-level output voltage VFB at 2.7 V, RL = 15 kΩ to GND 0.7 V
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

current-sense section
TL384xY
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP MAX
Voltage amplification See Notes 6 and 7 3 V/V
Current-sense comparator threshold COMP at 5 V, See Note 6 1 V
Supply-voltage rejection ratio VCC = 12 V to 25 V, See Note 6 70 dB
Input bias current –2 µA
Delay time to output 150 ns
NOTES: 4. Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.
6. These parameters are measured at the trip point of the latch, with VFB at 0 V.
7. Voltage amplification is measured between ISENSE and COMP, with the input changing from 0 V to 0.8 V.

output section
TL384xY
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP MAX
IOH = –20 mA 13.5
High level output voltage
High-level V
IOH = –200 mA 13.5
IOL = 20 mA 0.1
Low level output voltage
Low-level V
IOL = 200 mA 1.5
Rise time CL = 1 nF 50 ns
Fall time CL = 1 nF 50 ns
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

undervoltage-lockout section
TL384xY
PARAMETER UNIT
MIN TYP MAX
TL3842Y, TL3844Y 16
Start threshold voltage V
TL3843Y, TL3845Y 8.4
TL3842Y, TL3844Y 10
Minimum operating voltage after startup V
TL3843Y, TL3845Y 7.6
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7

TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

electrical characteristics, VCC = 15 V (see Note 4), RT = 10 kΩ, CT = 3.3 nF, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise
specified) (continued)
pulse-width-modulator section
TL384xY
PARAMETER UNIT
MIN TYP MAX
TL3842Y, TL3843Y 97%
Maximum duty cycle
TL3844Y, TL3845Y 48%
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

supply voltage
TL384xY
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP MAX
Start-up current 0.5 1 mA
Operating supply current VFB and ISENSE at 0 V 11 17 mA
Limiting voltage ICC = 25 mA 34 V
NOTE 4: Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting it to 15 V.

8 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

 TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

APPLICATION INFORMATION

2.5 V
Error 0.5 mA
Amplifier

VFB +
Zi –

COMP
Zf

NOTE A: Error amplifier can source or sink up to 0.5 mA.

Figure 1. Error-Amplifier Configuration

Error
IS Amplifier
(see Note A) 2R
+
–
R 1V
Current-Sense
COMP Comparator

Rf
ISENSE

RS Cf
GND

NOTE A: Peak current (IS) is determined by the formula:

I S(max) +1 V
RS
A small RC filter formed by resistor Rf and capacitor Cf may be required to suppress switch transients.

Figure 2. Current-Sense Circuit

REF
RT
(see Note A)

RT/CT
CT
GND

NOTE A: For RT > 5 kΩ: f [ R1.72C

T T

Figure 3. Oscillator Section

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9

TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

APPLICATION INFORMATION

DEAD TIME TIMING RESISTANCE

vs vs
TIMING CAPACITANCE FREQUENCY
100 100
VCC = 15 V CT = 10 nF
RT ≥ 5 kΩ CT = 4.7 nF
40 TA = 25°C
40 CT = 22 nF

R T – Timing Resistance – kΩ
CT = 1 nF
10
Dead Time – µ s

4 CT = 22 nF
10

CT = 47 nF
1
4 CT = 100 nF

0.4

VCC = 15 V
TA = 25°C
0.1 1
0 4 10 40 100 100 1k 10 k 100 k 1M
CT – Timing Capacitance – nF f - Frequency - Hz

Figure 4 Figure 5

open-loop laboratory test fixture

In the open-loop laboratory test fixture shown in Figure 6, high peak currents associated with loads necessitate
careful grounding techniques. Timing and bypass capacitors should be connected close to the GND terminal
in a single-point ground. The transistor and 5-kΩ potentiometer sample the oscillator waveform and apply an
adjustable ramp to the ISENSE terminal.
REF

RT
4.7 kΩ A VCC
2N2222
DUT REF
100 kΩ
COMP
1 kΩ 0.1 µF
Error Amplifier VFB VCC
TL284x
Adjust TL384x 0.1 µF
ISENSE 1 kΩ, 1 W
5 kΩ OUTPUT OUTPUT
4.7 kΩ
ISENSE
RT/CT GND
Adjust
GND

CT

Figure 6. Open-Loop Laboratory Test Fixture

10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

 TL284x, TL384x
CURRENT-MODE PWM CONTROLLERS
SLVS038E – JANUARY 1989 – REVISED DECEMBER 1999

APPLICATION INFORMATION

shutdown technique
The PWM controller (see Figure 7) can be shut down by two methods: either raise the voltage at ISENSE above
1 V or pull the COMP terminal below a voltage two diode drops above ground. Either method causes the output
of the PWM comparator to be high (refer to block diagram). The PWM latch is reset dominant so that the output
remains low until the next clock cycle after the shutdown condition at the COMP or ISENSE terminal is removed.
In one example, an externally latched shutdown can be accomplished by adding an SCR that resets by cycling
VCC below the lower UVLO threshold. At this point, the reference turns off, allowing the SCR to reset.

1 kΩ
REF
COMP

Shutdown

330 Ω ISENSE

Shutdown 500 Ω

To Current-Sense
Resistor

Figure 7. Shutdown Techniques

A fraction of the oscillator ramp can be resistively summed with the current-sense signal to provide slope
compensation for converters requiring duty cycles over 50% (see Figure 8). Note that capacitor C forms a filter
with R2 to suppress the leading-edge switch spikes.

REF

0.1 µF RT

RT/CT

CT

R1 ISENSE

R2
ISENSE

C
RSENSE

Figure 8. Slope Compensation

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 11

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Copyright  1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated