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Bulgaria:LabourCode

LABOURCODE

PromulgatedStateGazette,Nos.26&27/1986
AmendedSGNos.6/198821,30,&94/199027,32,&104/199123,26,
88,&100/199269&87/19952,12&28/1996124/199722,56,83,108
&133/199851,67&110/1999,25/2001

INTRODUCTIONrepealed
ChapterOne
GENERALPROVISIONS
SubjectandAim
Article1
(1)ThisCodeshallregulatethelabourrelationshipsbetweentheemployeeandtheemployer,as
wellasotherrelationshipsimmediatelyrelatedtothem.
(2)(NewSG,No.2/1996)Relationshipsrelatedtoprovidinglabourforceshallbearrangedas
employmentrelationsonly.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)ThisCodeshallaimtoensurethefreedomandprotectionof
labour,equitableanddignifiedworkingconditions,aswellastheconductingofsocialdialogue
betweentheState,theemployees,theemployersandtheirorganizations,forthepurposesof
settlementoflabourrelationsandotherimmediatelyrelatedrelations.
SocialDialogue
Article2
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
TheStateshallcarryouttheregulationoflabourrelationsandtheimmediatelyrelatedrelations,
thesocialsecurityrelationsandthelivingstandardissuesafterconsultationsandthrough
dialoguewiththeemployees,theemployersandtheirorganizations,inthespiritofcooperation,
mutualcompromiseandrespectfortheinterestsofeachoftheparties.
TripartiteCooperation
Article3
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)TheStateshallcarryouttheregulationoflabourrelationsandtheimmediatelyrelated
relations,thesocialsecurityrelations,aswellasthelivingstandardissues,incooperationand
afterconsultationswiththeemployees'andtheemployers'representativeorganizations.
(2)Theprocedureunderparagraph(1)shallbeconductedasmandatoryintheprocessof
passinglegislationinthesphereoflabourrelationsandtheimmediatelyrelatedrelations,the
socialsecurityrelationsandonlivingstandardissues.
NationalCouncilforTripartiteCooperation
Article3a
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)ThecooperationandconsultationsunderArticle3shallbecarriedoutonnationallevelbythe
NationalCouncilforTripartiteCooperation.
(2)TheNationalCouncilforTripartiteCooperationshallcomprisetworepresentativesfromeach
ofthefollowing:theCouncilofMinisters,therepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployeesand
therepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployers.TheCouncilofMinistersshallassignits
representatives,andtherepresentativesoftherepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployees
andtheemployersshallbeassignedbytheirmanagingbodiesincompliancewiththeirArticlesof
association.
(3)TheNationalCouncilforTripartiteCooperationshallbeheadedbyDeputyPrimeMinister.
Industry,BranchandMunicipalCouncilsforTripartiteCooperation
Article3b
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)ThecooperationandconsultationsunderArticle3shallbecarriedoutbyindustries,branches
andmunicipalities,byindustry,branchandmunicipalcouncilsfortripartitecooperation.
(2)Theindustry,branchandmunicipalcouncilsfortripartitecooperationshallcomprisetwo
representativesfromeachof:therelevantministry,anotherdepartmentormunicipal
administration,therepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployeesandoftheemployers.

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(3)Therepresentativesoftheministries,oftheotherdepartmentsandofthemunicipal
administrationsshallbeassignedbytherespectiveminister,headofanotherdepartmentor
mayorofmunicipality,andthoseoftherepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployeesandthe
employersbytheirmanagingbodiesincompliancewiththeirArticlesofassociation.
(4)Thechairpersonsoftheindustry,branchandmunicipalcouncilsfortripartitecooperationshall
beassignedbytherespectiveminister,headofanotherdepartmentormayorofmunicipality
afterconsultationswiththerepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployeesandtheemployersin
therespectivecouncilsfortripartitecooperation.
FunctionsoftheCouncilsforTripartiteCooperation
Article3c
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)TheNationalCouncilforTripartiteCooperationshalldiscussandofferopinionsonbills,drafts
ofsecondarylegislationanddecisionsoftheCouncilofMinistersunderArticle3.
(2)OpinionsoftheNationalCouncilforTripartiteCooperationunderparagraph(1)maybe
requestedby:
1.thePresidentoftheRepublic
2.theChairmanoftheNationalAssemblyandthechairpersonsofthestandingcommitteesofthe
NationalAssembly
3.thePrimeMinister.
(3)Theindustry,branchandmunicipalcouncilsshalldiscussandofferopinioninsettlementof
specificissuesunderArticle3,concerningtherelevantindustry,branchormunicipality.
(4)Opinionspursuanttoparagraph(3)shallbesubmitteduponrequestbytheGovernmentbody
thatregulatestherespectiveissues,orbyinitiativeoftheindustry,branchandmunicipal
councilsfortripartitecooperation.
MeetingsoftheCouncilsforTripartiteCooperation
Article3d
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Meetingsofthecouncilsfortripartitecooperationshallbeconvenedbytheirchairpersons,
whoshallalsosetforththeagendaforsuchmeetings.
(2)Meetingsofthecouncilsfortripartitecooperationmayalsobeconveneduponrequestofthe
representativesofeachoftheorganizationsoftheemployeesortheemployers,whoshallput
forwardproposalsfortheagendaofthemeeting.
WorkPatternandTakingDecisionsbytheCouncilsforTripartiteCooperation
Article3e
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Thechairpersonsofthecouncilsfortripartitecooperationshallchairthemeetings,organize
andguidetheworkofthecouncilsinthespiritofcooperation,mutualcompromiseandrespect
fortheinterestsofeachoftheparties.
(2)Meetingsofthecouncilsmayconductbusinessprovidedtheyareattendedbynotlessthan
twothirdsoftheirmembers,includingrepresentativesofallthethreeparticipatingparties.
(3)Thecouncilsshalltakedecisionsbyconsensus.
(4)Thedecisionstakenbythecouncilsfortripartitecooperationshallbesubmittedtothe
relevantbodies,asfollowing:
1.decisionsoftheNationalCouncilforTripartiteCooperationtothePrimeMinisterorthe
relevantministerorheadofanotherdepartment
2.decisionsofindustryandbranchcouncilsfortripartitecooperationtotherelevantministeror
headofanotherdepartment
3.decisionsofmunicipalcouncilsfortripartitecooperationtothemayoroftherelevant
municipalityorthechairpersonofthemunicipalcouncil,accordingtotheircompetencefor
adoptingafinalactontheissuesdiscussed.
(5)TheGovernmentandmunicipalbodiesthathavereceivedopinionsfromcouncilsfortripartite
cooperation,shallbeobligedtodiscussthemintheprocessoftakingdecisionwithintheir
competence.
OrganizationandFinancingfortheActivitiesoftheCouncilsforTripartiteCooperation
Article3f
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Theorganizationandtheactivitiesofthecouncilsfortripartitecooperationshallbegoverned
byRulesadoptedbytheNationalCouncilforTripartiteCooperation.
(2)Theexpensesfortheactivitiesofthecouncilsfortripartitecooperationshallbeontheaccount
oftherelevantGovernmentandmunicipalbodiesparticipatinginsuchcouncils.
AssociationofEmployees

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Article4
(1)Employeesareentitled,withnopriorpermission,tofreelyform,bytheirownchoice,trade
unionorganizationstojoinandleavethemonavoluntarybasis,showingconsiderationfortheir
statutesonly.
(2)Tradeunionorganizationsshallrepresentandprotectemployees'interestsbefore
governmentagenciesandemployersasregardstheissuesoflabourandsocialsecurityrelations
andlivingstandardsthroughcollectivebargaining,participationinthetripartitecooperation,
organizationofstrikesandotheractions,pursuanttothelaw.
AssociationofEmployers
Article5
(1)Employersareentitled,withnopriorpermission,tofreelyform,bytheirownchoice,
organizationstorepresentandprotectthem,aswellastojoinandleavethemonavoluntary
basis,showingconsiderationfortheirstatutesonly.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployers'organizationsundertheprecedingparagraph
shallrepresentandprotecttheirintereststhroughcollectivebargaining,participationinthe
tripartitecooperation,andthroughotheractions,pursuanttothelaw.
Employees'GeneralMeeting
Article6
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)TheGeneralMeetingshallcompriseallemployeesofanenterprise.
(2)Whereageneralmeetingcannotfunctionbecauseoftheworkpatternorforsomeother
reasons,ameetingofproxiesmaybeestablishedbyinitiativeoftheemployeesorthe
employer.Suchmeetingshallcompriseproxiesoftheemployees,electedforatermdetermined
bythegeneralmeetingswithinthestructuralunitsoftheenterprise.Therateofrepresentation
shallbedeterminedbytheemployeesandshallbethesamefortheentireenterprise.
(3)Therulesforthegeneralmeetingofemployeesshallapplytotheconvening,theproceedings
andtheauthorityofthemeetingofproxies.
WorkPatternoftheGeneralMeeting
Article6a
(NewSG,No.2/1996,AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)(NewSG,No.25/2001)TheGeneralMeetingofemployeesshalldetermineonitsownits
workpattern.
(2)Thegeneralmeeting(themeetingofproxies)attheenterpriseshallbeconvenedbythe
employer,bythemanagementoftradeunionorganization,aswellasupontheinitiativeofone
tenthofthenumberofemployees(proxies)intheenterprise.
(3)Thegeneralmeeting(themeetingofproxies)mayconductbusinessprovideditisattendedby
morethanhalfoftheemployees(proxies).
(4)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Thegeneralmeetingofemployeesshalltakedecisionsby
simplemajorityoftheattendingemployees,unlessotherwiseprovidedbythisCode,anotherlaw
orArticlesofAssociation.
Employees'ParticipationintheManagementoftheEnterprise
Article7
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Employeesshallparticipate,througharepresentativeoftheirs,inthediscussionof,and
resolvingonenterprisemanagementissuesonlywhenprovidedbylaw.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Employeesmayelectatgeneralmeetingrepresentativesoftheirs,
whoshallrepresenttheircommoninterestsonissuesoflabourandsocialsecurityrelations
beforetheemployersorbeforetheGovernmentbodies.Suchrepresentativesshallbeelectedby
majorityofmorethantwothirdsofthemembersofthegeneralmeeting.
ExerciseofLabourRightsandDuties
Article8
(1)Labourrightsanddutiesshallbeexercisedingoodfaith,pursuanttotherequirementsofthe
law.
(2)Goodfaithintheexerciseoflabourrightsanddutiesshallbepresumeduntilthecontraryhas
beenproved.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Intheexerciseoflabourrightsanddutiesnodirectorindirect
discrimination,privilegesorrestrictionsshallbeallowedongroundsofethnicity,origin,sex,
race,skincolour,age,politicalandreligiousconvictions,affiliationtotradeunionandother
publicorganizationsandmovements,family,socialandpropertystatusanddisability.
(4)Labourrightsandobligationsarepersonal.Anyrenunciationoflabourrights,aswellasany
transferoflabourrightsandobligationsshallbeconsiderednullandvoid.

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Article9repealed.
LawApplicabletoEmploymentRelationships
Article10
(1)ThisCodeshallapplytoallemploymentrelationshipswithBulgarianenterprisesandjoint
venturesinthiscountry,aswellastoemploymentrelationshipsbetweenBulgariancitizensand
foreignenterprisesinthiscountryorBulgarianenterprisesabroad,insofarasnotprovided
otherwiseinalaworatreatytowhichtheRepublicofBulgariaisaparty.
(2)TheemploymentrelationshipsofBulgariancitizenssenttoworkabroadinforeignenterprises
orjointventures,andofforeignnationalsappointedtoworkinthiscountryinBulgarian
enterprisesorjointventurespursuanttotreatiesshallberegulatedbythisCode,insofarasnot
providedotherwiseinalaworatreatytowhichtheRepublicofBulgariaisaparty.
RecognitionofLabourRightsAcquiredAbroad
Article11
LabourrightsacquiredabroadshallberecognizedintheRepublicofBulgariaonthestrengthofa
law,anactoftheCouncilofMinisters,oratreatytowhichtheRepublicofBulgariaisaparty.

ChapterTwo
WORKINGCOLLECTIVE
Article1232repealed.
ChapterThree
TRADEUNIONORGANIZATIONSANDEMPLOYERS'ORGANIZATIONS
Autonomy
Article33
(1)Tradeunionorganizationsandemployers'organizationsareentitled,withintheboundsofthe
law,toautonomouslydrawupandadopttheirstatutesandrules,tofreelyelecttheirbodiesand
representatives,toorganizetheirleadership,aswellastoadoptprogrammesofaction.
(2)Tradeunionorganizationsandemployers'organizationsshalldefinetheirfunctionsfreely,and
shallperformthempursuanttotheirstatutesandthelaw.
RepresentativeOrganizationsoftheEmployees
Article34
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
Recognizedasrepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployeesonnationallevelshallbethe
organizationswhichhave:
1.atleast50000members
2.atleast50organizationswithnotlessthan5memberseachinmorethanhalfoftheindustries
setforthintheNationalClassificationofIndustries
3.localbodiesinmorethanhalfofthemunicipalitiesinthecountryandanationalmanaging
body
4.capacityoflegalentity,acquiredpursuanttoArticle49.
RepresentativeOrganizationsoftheEmployers
Article35
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
Recognizedasrepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployersonnationallevelshallbethe
organizationswhichhave:
1.atleast500memberswithnotlessthan20employeeseach
2.organizationswithnotlessthan10memberseachinmorethanonefifthoftheindustriesset
forthincompliancewiththeNationalClassificationofIndustries
3.localbodiesinmorethanonefifthofthemunicipalitiesinthecountryandanationalmanaging
body
4.capacityoflegalentity,acquiredpursuanttoArticle49.
RecognitionofRepresentativeOrganizations
Article36
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)TheCouncilofMinistersshallsetforththeprocedureforverificationofcompliancewiththe
criteriaforrepresentativenessasperArticles34and35.
(2)OrganizationsoftheemployeesandoftheemployersshallberecognizedbytheCouncilof
Ministersasrepresentativeonnationallevelupontheirrequest.TheCouncilofMinistersshall
issuedecisionwithinthreemonthsfollowingthereceiptoflegitimaterequestbytheinterested
organization.
(3)ThedenialoftheCouncilofMinisterstorecognizeasrepresentativeanorganizationof
employeesoremployersshallbesupportedbyreasonsandshallbenotifiedtotheinterested

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organizationwithin7daysfollowingtheissueofsuchdecision.Theinterestedorganizationmay
appealthedenialbeforetheSupremeAdministrativeCourt.
(4)Recognizedasrepresentativeshallalsobealldivisionsoforganizationsrecognizedas
representativeonnationallevel.
VerificationofRequirementsforRepresentativeness
Article36a
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)FollowingtheirrecognitionpursuanttoArticle36,paragraph(2),theorganizationsof
employeesandofemployersshallverifyonceineverythreeyearstheirrepresentative
characterpursuanttotheproceduresetforthunderArticle36.
(2)TheCouncilofMinistersmay,onitsowninitiativeoruponproposaloftheNationalCouncilfor
TripartiteCooperation,carryoutverificationofthecompliancewiththerequirementsfor
representativenessoftheorganizationsofemployeesandofemployerspursuanttoArticles34
and35.
(3)DependingontheresultsofsuchverificationtheCouncilofMinistersshalltakedecision,by
whichitmay:
1.denytherecognitionoftherepresentativecharacteroforganizationsofemployeesorof
employers
2.confirmtherepresentativecharacterofsuchorganizationspursuanttoArticle36,paragraphs
(1)and(2).
(4)Thedenialunderparagraph(3),subparagraph1maybeappealedpursuanttoArticle36.
ParticipationinthePreparationofInternalRegulationsoftheEnterprise
Article37
Tradeunionorganizationorgansintheenterpriseshallbeentitledtoparticipateindraftingall
internalrulesandregulationswhichpertaintolabourrelations,theemployerbeingboundto
invitethemtodoso.
Article3841repealed.
ParticipationintheDiscussionofLabourandSecurityIssues
Article42
Thenationalleadershipsoftradeunionorganizationsandemployers'organizations,ororgansor
personstheyhaveauthorized,areentitledtoparticipateinthediscussionofissuesreferringto
thelabourandsecurityrelationsofemployeesofministries,otherinstitutions,enterprisesand
localgovernmentbodies.
Article43.repealed.
Article44.repealed.
RepresentationbeforetheCourt
Article45
Tradeunionorganizationsandtheirdivisionsareentitled,upontherequestofemployees,to
representthemasattorneybeforetheCourt.Theyshallnotbeentitledtoconcludeagreements,
torecognizeclaims,torenunciate,withdraw,orreducetheclaimsofemployees,andtocollect
amountsonbehalfoftherepresentedpersonsunlesstheyhavebeenexpresslyauthorizedtodo
so.
CooperationtoFurthertheActivitiesofTradeUnionOrganizations
Article46
Stateagenciesandemployersshallprovideconditionsfor,andcooperatewith,tradeunion
organizationstofurthertheiractivities.Theformershallmakeavailabletothelatter,for
gratuitoususe,realestateandmovables,buildings,premises,andotherfacilitiesrequiredfor
theperformanceoftheirfunctions.
Article47repealed.
Article48repealed.
BodyCorporate
Article49
(1)(AmendedSG,No.2/1996)Tradeunionorganizationsandemployers'organizationsshall
attainthestatusoflegalpersonuponregistrationundertheprocedureestablishedfor
registrationofnonprofitassociations.
(2)Anydivisionofanorganizationwhichhasbeenregisteredundertheprecedingparagraph
shallacquirethestatusofabodycorporate,pursuanttoitsstatute.
(3)Propertyrelationsbetweenthemembersofatradeunionorganizationwhichhasbeenwound
up,aswellasofanemployers'organizationwhichhasbeenwoundup,shallberegulated
pursuanttotheprovisionsoftheirstatutes.
ChapterFour

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ACOLLECTIVEAGREEMENT
Subject
Article50
(1)Thecollectiveagreementshallregulateissuesofthelabourandsocialsecurityrelationsof
employeeswhicharenotregulatedbymandatoryprovisionsofthelaw.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Thecollectiveagreementshallnotcontainclauseswhichare
moreunfavourabletotheemployeesthantheprovisionsofthelaworofcollectiveagreement,
whichisbindingupontheemployer.
LevelsofCollectiveBargaining
Article51
(AmendedSG,Nos.2/199625/2001)
(1)Collectiveagreementsshallbeconcludedbyenterprises,branches,industriesand
municipalities.
(2)Onlyonecollectiveagreementmaybeconcludedatthelevelofenterprise,branchand
industry.
CollectiveAgreementinEnterprises
Article51a
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Withinanenterprisethecollectiveagreementshallbeconcludedbetweentheemployeranda
tradeunionorganization.
(2)Thetradeunionorganizationshallprepareandsubmitadraftofcollectiveagreement.Where
morethanonetradeunionorganizationsexistwithinoneenterprisetheyshallsubmitacommon
draft.
(3)Wherewithintheenterprisethetradeunionorganizationsfailtosubmitacommondraft,the
employershallconcludethecollectiveagreementwiththattradeunionorganizationthedraftof
whichhasbeenapprovedbythegeneralmeetingoftheemployees(themeetingofproxies)by
majorityofmorethanhalfofthemembersthereof.
CollectiveAgreementonIndustryandBranchLevels
Article51b
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Thecollectiveagreementsbyindustriesandbranchesshallbeconcludedbetweenthe
respectiverepresentativeorganizationsofemployeesandofemployersonthebasisofan
agreementbetweentheirnationalorganizations,whichshallsetforthgeneralprovisionsin
respectofthescopeandtheprocedureframeworkoftheindustryandbranchlevelagreements.
(2)Therepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployeesshallprepareandsubmitacommondraft
totherepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployers.
(3)Wherethecollectiveagreementonindustryorbranchlevelhasbeenconcludedbetweenall
representativeorganizationsoftheemployeesandoftheemployersintheindustryorthe
branch,theMinisterofLabourandSocialPolicymay,upontheirjointrequest,extendthe
applicationoftheagreementorofindividualclausesthereoftoallenterprisesofthatindustryor
branch.
CollectiveAgreementsbyMunicipalities
Article51c
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Inthemunicipalitiescollectiveagreementsforactivitiesfinancedfromthemunicipalbudget
shallbeconcludedbetweentherepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployeesandofthe
employers.
(2)Thelocaldivisionsoftherepresentativeorganizationsoftheemployeesshallsubmitcommon
draftsofcollectiveagreementstothelocaldivisionsoftherepresentativeorganizationsofthe
employers.
ObligationstoNegotiateandtoProvideInformation
Article52
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Theindividualemployer,thegroupofemployers,andtheirorganizationsshall:
1.Negotiatewiththeemployees'representativestoconcludeacollectiveagreement
2.Makeavailabletotheemployees'representatives:
a)thecollectiveagreementsconcludedwhichbindthepartiesonthebasisoftosectorial,regional
ororganizationalaffiliation
b)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)timely,authenticandunderstandableinformationontheir
economicandfinancialpositionwhichissignificantfortheconclusionofthecollectiveagreement
provisionofinformationthedisclosureofwhichcouldcausedamagestotheemployermaybe

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refusedorgrantedsubjecttorequirementforconfidentiality.
(2)Incaseoffailuretoperformtheobligationundertheprecedingparagraphtheemployersin
defaultshalloweindemnityfordamagesinflicted.
(3)Theemployershallbedeemedtobeindelayifhedoesnotfulfilhisobligationunderpara1,
subparagraph1withinonemonth,andunderpara1,subparagraph2within15daysafterthe
notice.
(4)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Thetradeunionorganizationsintheenterpriseshall,uponrequest
oftheemployeratthestartofnegotiationsforcollectiveagreement,provideinformationabout
theactualnumberoftheirmembers.
ConclusionandRegistration
Article53
(1)Thecollectiveagreementshallbeconcludedinwritinginthreecopiesoneforeachofthe
parties,andonefortherespectivelabourinspectorate,andshallbesignedbythe
representativesoftheparties.
(2)Thewrittenformisarequisiteforthevalidityofthecollectiveagreement.
(3)Thecollectiveagreementshallberegisteredinaspecialregisterwiththelabourinspectorate
intheareawheretheemployers'seatislocated.Incasetheemployershaveseatsinvarious
areas,theregistrationshallberegisteredwithoneoftheinspectorates.Collectiveagreementsof
asectorialornationalsignificanceshallberegisteredwiththeExecutiveAgency"GeneralLabour
Inspectorate".DisputesastothecompetentinspectorateshallbesettledbytheMinisterof
LabourandSocialPolicy.
(4)Theregistrationshallbeenteredonthegroundsofanapplicationinwritingofeachofthe
partieswithinonemonthafterthelabourinspectoratehasreceivedtheapplication.Acopyofthe
agreementsignedbythepartiesshallbeattachedtotheapplication.
(5)Shouldadisputeastothetextoftheagreementarise,theregisteredtextshallbedeemed
authentic.
EntryintoForceandDuration
Article54
(1)Thecollectiveagreementshallcomeintoforceasfromthedateofitsconclusion,insofarasit
doesnotprovideotherwise.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Thecollectiveagreementshallbedeemedconcludedforaterm
ofoneyear,insofarasitdoesnotprovideotherwise,butnotformorethantwoyears.The
partiesmayagreeforshortertermsofvalidityofindividualclausesoftheagreement.
(3)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Thenegotiationsforconclusionofnewcollectiveagreementshall
startnotlaterthanthreemonthspriortotheexpiryofthetermofthecurrentcollective
agreement.
ExtensionoftheEffectoftheCollectiveAgreement
Article55
(1)Theeffectofthecollectiveagreementconcludedbetweenanemployers'organizationand
tradeunionorganizationsshallnotbeterminatedwithregardtoanemployerwhoterminateshis
membershipinitaftertheagreementhasbeenconcluded.
(2)(NewSG,No.25?2001)InthecasesunderArticle123theexistingcollectiveagreement
shallbevaliduntilconclusionofanewcollectiveagreement,butfornotmorethanoneyear
followingthedateofchangeoftheemployer.
Amendment
Article56
(1)Thecollectiveagreementmaybeamendedatanytimewiththeparties'mutualconsent,
underthetermsandproceduresunderwhichithasbeenconcluded.
(2)Articles53and55shallapplytoamendmentstothecollectiveagreement.
EffectwithRegardtoPersons
Article57
(1)Thecollectiveagreementshallhaveeffectfortheemployeeswhoaremembersofthetrade
unionorganizationsignatorytotheagreement.
(2)(AmendedSG,Nos.2/199625/2001)Theemployeeswhoarenotmembersofatrade
unionorganizationthatisapartytoacollectiveagreementmayaccedetoacollective
agreementconcludedbytheiremployerbyapplicationsinwritingsubmittedtohimortothe
leadershipofthetradeunionorganizationwhichhasconcludedtheagreement,undertermsand
provisionsdeterminedbythepartiestotheagreement,suchasmaynotbecontrarytothelaw
orevadingthelaw,orsuchthatareoffensivetothegoodmorals.
ObligationforInformation
Article58

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Theemployershallmakethetextofthecollectiveagreementavailabletotheemployees.
ActionsinCaseofDefault
Article59
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Intheeventofdefaultontheobligationsunderthecollective
agreementactionsincourtmaybeinstigatedbythepartiestotheagreement,aswellasbyany
employeewhoissubjecttotheapplicationoftheagreement.
ClaimforInvalidation
Article60
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
Anypartytothecollectiveagreement,aswellasanyemployeewhoissubjecttotheapplication
oftheagreement,maysubmitaclaimtothecourtrequestingtheinvalidationofthecollective
agreementorindividualclausesthereof,providedsuchclausesarecontrarytoorevadingthe
law.

ChapterFive
FORMATIONANDALTERATION
OFEMPLOYMENTCONTRACTRELATIONSHIPS
SectionI
EMPLOYMENTCONTRACT
Conclusion
Article61
(1)Theemploymentcontractshallbeconcludedbetweentheemployeeandtheemployer.
(2)ForpositionsspecifiedbylaworbyanactoftheCouncilofMinisterstheemploymentcontract
shallbeconcludedbythebodysuperiortotheemployer.Insuchcases,theemployment
contractrelationshipshallbeestablishedwiththeenterprisewheretherelevantpositionis.
(3)Anemploymentcontractmayalsobeconcludedwithagroupofpersons,eitherdirectlyor
througharepresentativetheyhaveauthorized.Inthiscase,thesamerightsanddutiesforthe
employerandforeachpersonfromthegroupshallariseaswouldhave,hadthecontractbeen
concludedwitheachoneofthemindividually.
Form
Article62
(1)(AmendedSG,No.2/1996)Theemploymentcontractshallbeconcludedinwriting.
(2)(NewSG,No.2/1996)Employmentrelationsshallalsoarisewherenoemploymentcontract
concludedinwritingisavailable,buttheemployerhasadmittedtheemployeetowork,and
he/shehascommencedtheperformanceofsuchwork.Insuchcasestheexistenceof
employmentrelationsmaybeascertainedbyallmeansofevidence.
(3)(NewSG,No.2/1996)Uponconclusionoftheemploymentcontracttheemployershall
introducetheemployeetothelabourobligationsensuingfromthepositionoccupiedorthe
natureoftheworkperformed.
(4)Thedocumentsrequiredfortheconclusionoftheemploymentcontractshallbespecifiedby
theMinisterofLabourandSocialPolicy.
BeginningofPerformance
Article63
(1)Theemployeeshallbeginworkwithinoneweekaftertheconclusionoftheemployment
contract,unlessthepartieshavenegotiatedanotherdeadline.Incasetheemployeedoesnot
beginworkwithinthisperiod,theemploymentcontractrelationshipshallbedeemedasnever
formed,unlessthefailureisduetoreasonsbeyondtheemployee'scontrolofwhichhehas
notifiedtheemployerbeforetheexpiryofthedeadline.
(2)Theperformanceoftheemploymentcontractobligationsbeginswiththeemployee's
beginningworkwhichshallbeverifiedinwriting.
Article64repealed.
Article65repealed.
Content
Article66
(1)Theemploymentcontractshallspecifytheplaceandnatureofwork,andthewageorsalary
oftheemployee.
(2)Othertermsandconditionsmayalsobenegotiatedintheemploymentcontractpertainingto
theprovisionoflabourwhicharenotregulatedbymandatoryprovisionsofthelaw,aswellas
termsandconditionswhicharemorefavourablefortheemployeethanthoseestablishedbythe
collectiveagreement.
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concludedshallbedeemedastheplaceofwork,unlessotherwiseagreedorensuingfromthe
natureofthejob.
Duration
Article67
(1)Theemploymentcontractmaybeconcluded:
1.foranindefiniteperiod
2.asanemploymentcontractforafixedterm.
(2)Theemploymentcontractshallbeconsideredconcludedforanindefiniteperiod,unless
expresslyagreedotherwise.
(3)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Anemploymentcontractconcludedforanindefiniteperiodmaynot
betransformedintoacontractforafixedterm,exceptwhereexplicitlydesiredbytheemployee,
andstatedsoinwriting.
FixedTermEmploymentContracts
Article68
(1)Anemploymentcontractforafixedtermshallbeconcluded:
1.foradefiniteperiodwhichshallnotbelongerthan3years,insofarasalaworanactofthe
CouncilofMinistersdonotprovideotherwise
2.untilcompletionofsomespecifiedwork
3.forsubstitutionforanemployeewhoisabsentfromwork
4.forworkingatajobwhichistobetakenthroughacompetitiveexamination,forthetimeuntil
itistakenonthebasisofthecompetitiveexamination.
5.(NewSG,No.25/2001)foracertainmandate,wheresuchhasbeenspecifiedforthe
respectivebody.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Fixedtermemploymentcontractpursuanttoparagraph(1),sub
paragraph1shallbeconcludedforexecutionoftemporary,seasonalorshorttermworksand
activities,aswellaswithnewlyhiredemployeesinenterprisesthathavebeendeclaredbankrupt
orinliquidation.
(3)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Asanexception,afixedtermemploymentcontractpursuantto
paragraph(1),subparagraph1maybeconcludedforaperiodofnotlessthanoneyearandfor
worksandactivitiesthatarenotoftemporary,seasonalorshorttermnature.Suchan
employmentcontractmayalsobeconcludedforashorterperioduponrequestinwritingbythe
employee.Insuchcasesthefixedtermemploymentcontractunderparagraph(1),sub
paragraph1mayberepeatedlyconcludedwiththesameemployeeforthesametypeofwork
onlyonceforaperiodofatleastoneyear.
(4)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Anemploymentcontractunderparagraph(1),subparagraph1,
concludedinviolationofparagraphs(2)and(3),shallbedeemedconcludedforanindefinite
periodoftime.
TransformationofanEmploymentContractforaFixedTermintoaContractforanIndefinite
Period
Article69
(1)Theemploymentcontractconcludedforafixedtermshallbetransformedintoacontractfor
anindefiniteperiodiftheemployeecontinuesworkingfor5ormoreworkingdaysafterthe
expiryoftheagreedperiod,withoutthewrittenobjectionoftheemployer,providedthejobis
vacant.
(2)Theprecedingparagraphalsoappliestoemploymentcontractsforafixedtermtosubstitute
foranabsentemployee,incasetheemploymentcontractwiththepersonsubstitutedforis
terminatedduringthisperiodofabsence.
EmploymentContractforaTrialPeriod
Article70
(1)Intheeventthattheworkrequirestheabilityoftheemployeewhowillperformittobe
tested,hisfinalappointmentmaybeprecededbyacontractprovidingforatrialperiodofupto6
months.Suchacontractmayalsobeconcludedincasetheemployeewantstomakesurethe
jobissuitableforhim.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Thecontractunderparagraph(1)shallindicatetowhosebenefithas
beenagreedthetrialperiod.Wherenosuchstatementhasbeenmadeinthecontract,thetrial
periodshallbedeemedtobeagreedtothebenefitofbothparties.
(3)Duringthetrialperiodthepartieshaveallrightsanddutiestheywouldhavehadunderafinal
contract.
(4)Thetrialperioddoesnotincludethetimeduringwhichtheemployeehasbeenonastatutory
leave,orhasnotdonethecontractedjobforothercogentreasons.
(5)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Anemploymentcontractwithtrialperiodmaybeconcludedwithone

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andthesameemployeeforoneandthesametypeofworkatoneandthesameenterpriseonly
once.
TerminationoftheContractwithaTrialperiod
Article71
(1)Priortotheexpirationofthetrialperiod,thepartytowhosebenefitithasbeenagreedmay
terminatethecontractwithoutnotice.
(2)Theemploymentcontractshallberegardedasfinalizedincaseithasnotbeenterminated
undertheprecedingparagraphpriortotheexpirationofthetrialperiod.
(3)repealed
Article72
(RepealedSG,No.25/2001)
Article73repealed.
Nullity
Article74
(1)Anemploymentcontractwhichcontravenesthelaworacollectiveagreement,orcircumvents
them,shallbenullandvoid.
(2)TheemploymentcontractshallbedeclarednullandvoidbythecourtPursuanttoChapter
Eighteen.Incasetheemploymentcontractisnullandvoidduetotheappointmentofan
employeewhohasnotreachedtheagerequiredunderthisCode,thenullityshallbedeclaredby
thelabourinspectorate.
(3)Incaseacontroloranothercompetentbodyconsidersthattheemploymentcontractisnull
andvoidononeofthegroundsmentionedinpara1,itshallimmediatelyseizetheCourttorule
onthevalidityoftheemploymentcontract.
(4)Individualprovisionsoftheemploymentcontractmaybedeclarednullandvoidpursuantto
para2,clause1.Therelevantmandatoryprovisionsofthelaworofthecollectiveagreement
shallapplyinstead.
(5)Thepartiesshallnotinvokenullityoftheemploymentcontractorofindividualprovisions
thereofpriortoitsdeclarationandthereceiptofsuchbytheparties.
(6)Thenullityshallnotbedeclaredincasethedeficiencyintheemploymentcontractdisappears
orisremoved.Theemployershallnotinvokeadeficiencyintheemploymentcontractwhichcan
beremoved.
(7)TheprovisionsofArticle333shallnotapplywherethenullityofanemploymentcontracthas
beendeclared.
RelationshipbetweenthePartiesinCaseofaNullandVoidEmploymentContract
Article75
(1)Intheeventthattheemploymentcontractisdeclarednullandvoidandtheemployeehas
actedingoodfaithwhenconcludingit,therelationshipbetweenthepartiestothecontractprior
tothemomentofdeclarationofitsnullityshallberegulatedinthesamemanneraswithavalid
employmentcontract.
(2)Theprecedingparagraphshallalsoapplyincaseindividualprovisionsoftheemployment
contractaredeclarednullandvoid.
ApplicabilityoftheProvisionsonNullityofanEmploymentContract
Article76
Therulesonnullityofanemploymentcontractshallapplymutatismutandistotheothergrounds
forcreationofanemploymentrelationshipaswell.
SectionII
Article7782repealed.
SectionIII
ELECTION
AppointmenttoWorkontheBasisofanElection
Article83
(1)Theofficeswhichareheldonthebasisofanelectionshallbespecifiedbyalaw,anactofthe
CouncilofMinistersorbylaws.
(2)Anelectionshallbeheldforanofficewhichisvacantoristobevacated,aswellasincaseof
aprolongedabsenceofthepersonholdingit.Thetermforwhichthepersoniselectedshallnot
belongerthan5years.
NominationofCandidatesforElectiveOffice
Article84
(1)Thecandidatesforelectiveofficeshallbenominatedbybodiesandpersonsspecifiedbya
law,anactoftheCouncilofMinistersorstatutes.Thecandidateforanelectiveofficemayalso
nominatehimself.

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(2)Anunlimitednumberofcandidatesmaybenominatedforoneandthesameelectiveoffice.
(3)Theelectionshallbeheldafterthecandidatehasgivenhisconsentinwriting.
(4)Anelectionshallbealsoheldintheeventthatthereisonlyonecandidate.
HoldinganElection
Article85
(1)1.TheelectionshallbeheldbyanelectoralbodyestablishedbyalaworanactoftheCouncil
ofMinisters.
(2)Anelectionshallbeheldifmorethanhalfthepersonsentitledtovotearepresent.
(3)Thevoteshallbeopen,unlessthebodywhichelectsdecidesonasecretballot.
(4)Thecandidatesfortheelectiveofficewhoaremembersoftheelectoralbodyshallnotbe
countedwhenestablishingthenumberofthosepresentunderpara2,andshallnotvote.
(5)Aseparatevoteshallbeheldforeachelectiveoffice.
(6)Thecandidatewhohaswonthegreatestnumberofvotes,butnotlessthanhalfthenumber
ofthosewhohavevoted,shallbeconsideredelected.
CreationoftheEmploymentRelationship
Article86
(1)Theemploymentrelationshipshallbecreatedfromthemomentofannouncementofthe
electedcandidate.
(2)Thepersonelectedshallstartworkwithin2weeksafterreceivingthenotificationofthe
electionresult.Inthepresenceofcogentreasonsthistermmaybeupto3months.
(3)Theperformanceoftheobligationsundertheemploymentrelationshipshallbeginwiththe
assumingofthedutiesbytheelectedperson.
(4)Theemploymentrelationshipcreatedpursuanttoanelectionshallremaininforceafterthe
expirationofthespecifiedtermuntilanotherpersoniselected.
(5)Incasethenewelectionleadstotheelectingofthesameperson,theemployment
relationshipwithhimshallbeextendedforanewterm.
(6)Incasetheelectionhasendedwithouttheelectionofanyofthecandidates,theemployment
relationshipwiththepersonholdingtheofficeforwhichtheelectionisheldshallcontinueuntil
thesuccessfuloutcomeofthenextelection.
(7)Theemploymentrelationshipwiththeelectedpersonwhohasnotstartedworkwithinthe
periodunderpara2shallbeconsideredtonothavearisen.
DisputesastotheLegalityoftheElection
Article87
(1)Thedisputesastothelegalityoftheelectionshallbeheardbythedistrictcourtuponthe
requestofanycandidateoroftheemployer,within2weeksafterreceiptoftheresult.
(2)IncasetheCourtfindstheelectiontobelegal,itshallsustainitandtheemployment
relationshipshallbecreatedpursuanttotheelection,andincasethecourtfindstheelectionto
beillegal,itshalloverruleitandanewelectionshallbeheld.
ApplicationofOtherProvisionstotheElection
Article88
(1)TheissueswhicharenotregulatedinthisSectionshallberegulatedbytherelevantlaw,act
oftheCouncilofMinistersorbylawswhichprovidethatcertainofficesbeheldonthebasisofan
election.
(2)theprovisionsofthisSectionshallapply,insofarasalaw,anactoftheCouncilofMinisters
orstatutesdonotprovideotherwise.
(3)
SectionIV
COMPETITIVEEXAMINATION
HoldingJobsontheBasisofaCompetitiveExamination
Article89
Acompetitiveexaminationmaybeheldforanyjobwiththeexceptionofajobwhichshallbe
heldonthebasisofanelection.
SpecifyingtheJobsRequiringCompetitiveExamination
Article90
(1)Thejobsrequiringacompetitiveexaminationshallbespecifiedbyalaw,anactoftheCouncil
ofMinisters,aMinisterortheheadofanotherinstitution,orbytheemployer.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Acompetitiveexaminationforajobshallbeannouncedincase
thejobhasbeendeclaredbylawsubjecttotakingbycompetitiveexamination,orwhereitis
vacantoristobevacated,aswellasintheeventofaprolongedabsenceofthepersonholding
it,forthetimeuptohisreturn.
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competitiveexamination.Priortothecompetitiveexaminationthejobmaybeheldonan
employmentcontractforafixedtermfortheperioduntilapersonisappointedtoitonthebasis
ofacompetitiveexamination.
AnnouncementofaCompetitiveExamination
Article91
(1)Thecompetitiveexaminationshallbeannouncedbytheemployerthroughthenationalorthe
localpress.Ifnecessary,thecompetitiveexaminationmaybeannouncedinanotherappropriate
way.
(2)Theannouncementforthecompetitiveexaminationshallcontain:
1.thenameoftheenterprise,theplaceandnatureofwork,andtherequirementsforthejob
2.themannerofholdingthecompetitiveexamination
3.therequireddocuments,theplaceanddeadlineforsubmittingthem,whichmaynotbeshorter
than1month.
(3)Thedescriptionofthejobrequiringacompetitiveexaminationshallbeprovidedtothe
candidatesinadvancesothattheycangetfamiliarwithit.
ParticipationinaCompetitiveExamination
Article92
(1)Theconsentoftheemployerforwhomthecandidateworksshallnotberequiredforhis
participationinacompetitiveexamination.
(2)Thecandidateshallbeentitledtoanunpaidleaveforthedayswhenthecompetitive
examinationisheld,andupto2daysfortravel,incasethecompetitiveexaminationisheldin
anotherlocality.Thisleaveshallberecognizedaslengthofservice.
AdmittancetoaCompetitiveExamination
Article93
(1)Candidatesshallbeadmittedtoacompetitiveexaminationbyacommissionappointedbythe
employer.
(2)Thecandidateswhoarenotadmittedshallbeinformedinwritingofthegroundsforthe
rejection.Within7daysafterreceivingthenotificationtheymayplacetheirobjectionswiththe
employerwhohasannouncedthecompetitiveexamination.Within3daysafterreceivingthe
objectiontheemployershallsettletheissueconclusively.
(3)Thecandidateswhoareadmittedshallbenotifiedinwritingofthedate,hour,andvenueof
holdingthecompetitiveexamination.
CommissiontoConducttheCompetitiveExamination
Article94
Thecompetitiveexaminationshallbeconductedbyacommissionappointedbytheemployer.
Thecommissionshallbecomposedofrelevantexperts.
ConductingaCompetitiveExamination
Article95
(1)Thecompetitiveexaminationcommissionshallconductthecompetitiveexaminationinthe
mannerannounced.Itshallevaluatetheprofessionaltrainingandtheotherqualitiesofthe
candidatesrequiredforholdingthejob,andshallrankonlythosewhohavesuccessfullypassed
thecompetitiveexamination.Aprotocolshallbedrawnupforthecompetitiveexamination
conducted.
(2)Theresultofthecompetitiveexaminationshallbeannouncedtothepersonswhohave
participatedinitwithin3daysafterithasbeenheld.
CreationoftheEmploymentRelationship
Article96
(1)Theemploymentrelationshipshallbecreatedwiththepersonwhohasbeenrankedfirst,as
ofthedayhehasreceivedthenotificationoftheresult.
(2)Thepersonwithwhomanemploymentrelationshiphasbeencreatedshallstartworkwithin2
weeksafterreceivingthenotificationundertheprecedingparagraph.Inthepresenceofcogent
reasons,thisperiodshallbeupto3months.
(3)Theperformanceoftheobligationsundertheemploymentrelationshipshallbeginfromthe
momentofassumingofthedutiesbytheperson.
(4)Incasethepersondoesnotassumehisdutieswithintheperiodunderpara2,the
employmentrelationshipshallbeconsideredtonothavearisen.Inthiscasetheemployment
relationshipshallbecreatedwiththisparticipantinthecompetitiveexaminationwhocomesnext
intheranking,ofwhichheshallbenotifiedinwriting.
(5)repealed.
InapplicabilitytoCompetitiveExaminationsforAcademicTitles
Article97

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ThisSectionshallnotapplytocompetitiveexaminationsforawardingacademictitles.
SectionV
Article98102repealed
SectionVI
Article103and104repealed
SectionVII
Article105and106repealed
SectionVIII
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSONSOMEEMPLOYMENTRELATIONSHIPS
StipulatingAdditionalConditionsintheCreationofanEmploymentRelationship
Article107
Wheretheemploymentrelationshipiscreatedonthebasisofanelectionoracompetitive
examination,beforebeginningworktheemployeeandtheemployershallnegotiatetheamount
ofthelabourremuneration.Theymayalsonegotiateothertermsoftheemployment
relationship.
Article108repealed.
Article109repealed.
SectionIX
ADDITIONALWORKUNDERANEMPLOYMENTCONTRACT
AdditionalWorkfortheSameEmployer
Article110
Theemployeemayconcludeanemploymentcontractwiththeemployerforwhomheisworking
fortheperformanceofworkbeyondthescopeofhisjobdescription,outsidehisspecified
workinghours.
AdditionalWorkforAnotherEmployer
Article111
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployeemayalsoconcludeemploymentcontractswith
otheremployersfordoingotherworkoutsidehisworkinghoursunderhisprimaryemployment
relationship(outsideadditionalwork)unlessotherwiseprovidedinhisindividualemployment
contractunderhisprimaryemploymentrelationship.
ProhibitiononAdditionalWork
Article112
Additionalworkshallbeprohibitedtoemployeeswhoare:
1.driversofvehicles
2.employedinhazardousorunhealthyconditionsintheeventthatworkunderthesameor
otherhazardousorunhealthyconditionsisconcerned
3.asspecifiedbyalaworanactoftheCouncilofMinisters.
WorkingHoursUnderanEmploymentContractforAdditionalWork
Article113
Themaximumdurationoftheworkinghoursunderanemploymentcontractforadditionalwork,
togetherwiththedurationoftheworkinghoursundertheprimaryemploymentrelationship,shall
notviolatetheminimumuninterruptedrestbetweendaysandweeksestablishedbythisCode.
EmploymentContractforWorkupto5daysthroughoutthemonth
Article114
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
Employmentcontractsmayalsobeconcludedforworkoncertaindaysthroughthemonth.
Whereanemployeeworkswithoneemployerforatotalofnotmorethan5workingdaysor40
hoursthroughoutthemonth,continuouslyoratintervals,suchperiodsshallnotberecognizedas
lengthofservice.
Content
Article115
InadditiontotheprovisionsofArticle66,para1,theemploymentcontractsunderthisSection
shallalsospecifythedurationandallocationoftheworkinghours,andtheymayspecifythe
periodicityofpayingthelabourremunerationaswell.
Article116repealed.
SocialSecurity
Article117
Employeeswhoperformadditionalworkshallbeentitledtosocialsecurityundertermsand
procedurestobeestablishedbyaseparatelaw.
SectionX
CHANGESINTHEEMPLOYMENTRELATIONSHIP

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ProhibitiononUnilateralChangingoftheEmploymentRelationship
Article118
(1)Neithertheemployernortheemployeemaychangeunilaterallythecontentofthe
employmentrelationship,withtheexceptionofthecasesandundertheprocedureestablishedby
law.
(2)Themovingoftheemployeetoanotherworkingplaceinthesameenterprise,without
changingthespecifiedplaceofwork,thejob,andtheamountofthewageorsalaryofthe
employeeshallbenotconsideredachangeoftheemploymentrelationship.
(3)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Theemployermayunilaterallyincreasetheemployment
considerationoftheemployee.
ChangingtheEmploymentRelationshipbyMutualConsent
Article119
Theemploymentrelationshipmaybechangedbywrittenagreementbetweenthepartiesfora
definiteoranindefiniteperiod.
ChangingthePlaceandtheNatureofWorkbytheEmployer
Article120
(1)Theemployermay,incaseofaproductionnecessityoridletime,toassigntotheemployee,
withouthisconsent,totemporarilyperformdifferentworkinthesame,orinanotherenterprise,
butinthesamecommunityorlocality,foraperiodofupto45calendardaysinonecalendar
year,andintheeventofidletime,aslongassuchidletimecontinues.
(2)Thechangesundertheprecedingparagraphshallbedoneinaccordancewiththe
qualificationsandthehealthconditionoftheemployee.
(3)Theemployermayassigntotheemployeeworkofadifferentnature,eventhoughitdoesnot
correspondtohisqualifications,incaseitisnecessitatedbyinsurmountablereasons.
SendingEmployeesonBusinessTrips
Article121
(1)Incasetheneedsoftheenterpriserequireit,theemployermaysendtheemployeeona
businesstriptoperformhisemploymentobligationsoutsidehispermanentplaceofwork,butfor
notmorethan30calendardaysatastretch.
(2)Abusinesstripforaperiodlongerthan30calendardaysshallrequiretheemployee'sconsent
inwriting.
Article122repealed.
RetentionoftheEmploymentRelationshipinCaseofChangeofEmployer
Article123
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Theemploymentrelationshipwiththeemployeeshallnotbeterminated:
1.incaseofmergerofenterprises
2.incaseofjoiningofoneenterprisewithanother
3.incaseofdistributionoftheoperationsofoneenterprisebetweenseveralenterprises
4.incaseoftransferofanautonomouspartofoneenterprisetoanother
5.intheeventofchangeoftheowneroftheenterpriseorofanautonomouspartthereof
6.inthecaseofdeliveryoftheenterpriseoranautonomouspartthereofforrent,onleaseor
underconcession.
(2)Inthecasesunderparagraph(1)thenewowner,rentpayer,lesseeorconcessionaireshall
betheemployer.
(3)Unlessotherwiseagreedbetweenthetwoemployers,liablefortheobligationstothe
employeethathaveoriginatedbeforethechangesunderparagraph(1)shallbe:
1.inthecaseofmergerorjoiningofenterprisesthenewemployer
2.intheothercasesthetwoemployersjointly.
(4)Priortoputtingintoeffectthechangesunderparagraph(1)theemployershallbeboundto
notifytheemployeesabout:
1.theanticipatedchangesandthedateoftheireffect
2.thereasonsforthechanges
3.theeventuallegal,economicandsocialconsequencesofthechangesfortheemployees
4.themeasuresplannedinrespectoftheemployees,inclusiveofcompliancewiththeobligations
underparagraph(3)
(5)Thenotificationunderparagraph(4)shallbegivenatleasttwomonthsbeforetheoccurrence
oftheconsequencesfortheemploymentandtheworkingconditionsoftheemployees.
(6)Whereinreferencetothechangesunderparagraph(1)certainmeasureshavebeenplanned
inrespectoftheemployees,theemployershallbeobligedtoconductinduetimeconsultations
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pursuanttoparagraph(4).

ChapterSix
MAJOROBLIGATIONSOFTHEPARTIES
TOTHEEMPLOYMENTRELATIONSHIP
ContentoftheEmploymentRelationship
Article124
Undertheemploymentrelationship,theemployeeshallperformtheworkhehasagreedtodo
andshallobservetheestablishedlabourdiscipline,andtheemployershallprovideconditionsto
theemployeesothathecanperformhiswork,andshallpayhimremunerationforthework
done.
ObligationofConscientiousness
Article125
Theemployeeshallperformhisdutiesaccuratelyandconscientiously.
ObligationsinthePerformanceoftheWorkAssigned
Article126
Indoingtheworkhehasagreedtoperform,theemployeeshall:
1.cometoworkontime,andbeathisworkingplaceupuntiltheendoftheworkinghours
2.cometoworkinaconditionenablinghimtoperformthetasksassignedtohim,andshallnot
consumealcoholorotherintoxicatingsubstancesduringworkinghours
3.utilizetheentireworkinghoursfortheperformanceoftheworkassigned
4.dohisjobintherequiredquantityandquality
5.observethetechnicalandtechnologicalrules
6.observetherulesforhealthyandsafeworkingconditions
7.carryoutthelawfulinstructionsoftheemployer
8.takeattentivecareofthepropertywhichisentrustedtohimorwithwhichhecomesintouchin
thecourseofperformingtheworkassigned,aswellaseconomizeintheprimeandraw
materials,energy,cashfunds,andothermeansprovidedtohimtoperformofhisduties
9.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)beloyaltotheemployerandavoidtheabuseoftheemployer's
trust,aswellasavoiddisclosureofconfidentialdataontheemployerandupholdthegoodname
oftheenterprise
10.observetheinternalrulesexistingintheenterprise,andnotobstructtheotheremployeesin
theperformanceoftheirduties
11.coordinatehisworkwiththeotheremployees,andrenderthemassistanceinconformitywith
theemployer'sinstructions
12.dischargeanyotherdutiesderivingfromanormativeact,acollectiveagreement,the
employmentcontract,andthenatureofthework.
ObligationsoftheEmployertoProvideWorkingConditions
Article127
(1)Theemployershallprovidetotheemployeenormalconditionstoperformthejobunderthe
employmentrelationshiphehasagreedupon,providingnamely:
1.theworkspecifieduponcreationoftheemploymentrelationship
2.workingplaceandconditionsinaccordancewiththenatureofwork
3.safeandhealthyworkingconditions
4.(NewSG,No.25/2001)briefcharacteristicsordescriptionofthework
5.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)instructionsonthesequenceandmannerofaccomplishingthe
employmentobligationsandexercisingtheemploymentrights,includingintroductionwiththe
internalrules,andwiththerulesonhealthyandsafeworkingconditions.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Theemployershallbeboundtoprotectthedignityoftheemployee
intheprocessofexecutionoftheworkundertheemploymentrelationship.
ObligationoftheEmployertoPaytheLabourRemuneration
Article128
Theemployershallpaytheemployee,withinthespecifiedperiods,theagreedlabour
remunerationfortheworkdone.
ObligationoftheEmployertoMakeSocialSecurityContributionsfortheEmployee
Article129
Theemployershallpaysocialsecuritycontributionsfortheemployeeforallsocialsecurityrisks,
undertermsandprocedurestobespecifiedbyaseparatelaw.
Article130135repealed.
RighttoInformation
Article130

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(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Theemployeesshallbeentitledtotimely,authenticandunderstandableinformationaboutthe
economicandfinancialpositionoftheemployer,suchasmaybeimportantfortheiremployment
rightsandobligations.
(2)Theemployersshallbeboundtoprovidetotheemployeesthenecessaryinformationin
writing,oneachoccurrenceofchangeintheemploymentrelationship.
(3)Theemployeesshallbeentitledtorequestfromtheemployersobjectiveandfair
characteristicsoftheirprofessionalqualitiesandtheresultsoftheirlabouractivities,orobjective
andfairrecommendationforapplyingforajobwithanotheremployer.
RighttoInformationintheEventofMassDismissal
Article130a
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Intheeventwhereanemployerhasintentiontocarryoutmassdismissal,heshallbebound
tonotifyinduetimetherepresentativesoftheemployeesbyprocedureandinamannerset
forthinthecollectiveagreement.
(2)Incasesunderparagraph(1)theemployershouldprovideinformationabout:
1.thereasonsfortheplanneddismissal
2.thenumberandcategoryofemployeesthatwillbedismissed
3.theperiodwhenthedismissalshouldtakeplace
4.thespecifiedcriteriaforselectionofemployeesthatwillbedismissed.
ChapterSeven
WORKINGHOURSANDREST
SectionI
REGULARWORKINGHOURS
NormalDurationofWorkingHours
Article136
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theworkweekshallcomprisefiveworkdayswithnormal
durationoftheweeklyworkinghoursupto40hours.
(2)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Thenormaldurationoftheworkinghoursduringthedayshall
beupto8hours.
(4)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Thenormaldurationoftheworkinghoursunderthepreceding
paragraphshallnotbeextended,exceptinthecasesandpursuanttotheprocedureprovidedfor
inthisCode.
(5)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
ExtensionofWorkingHours
Article136a
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Forreasonsrelevanttotheproductionprocesstheemployermay,byorderinwriting,extend
theworkinghoursinsomeworkdaysandcompensatethatinotherworkdays,afterpreliminary
consultationwiththerepresentativesoftheemployees,inasmuchasthecollectiveagreement
doesnotprovideotherwise.Theemployershallbeboundtonotifyinadvancethelabour
inspectorateabouttheextensionoftheworkinghours.
(2)Thedurationoftheextendedworkdayundertheprovisionsofparagraph(1)maynotexceed
10hours,andforemployeesatreducedworkinghoursupto1hourinexcessoftheirreduced
workinghours.Theemployershallbeobligedtokeepaspecialbookforrecordingtheextension
andthecompensationoftheworkinghours,respectively.
(3)Extensionoftheworkinghourspursuanttoparagraphs(1)and(2)shallbeallowedfora
periodofupto60workdaysthroughoutonecalendaryear,butfornotmorethan20
consecutiveworkdays.
(4)Inthecasesunderparagraph(1)theemployershallbeboundtocompensatetheextension
oftheworkinghourswithrespectivereductionoftheworkinghoursforeachworkdaywithin4
months.Wheretheemployerfailstocompensatetheextensionoftheworkinghourswithinthe
specifiedterm,theemployeesshallbeentitledtodeterminethemselvesthetimetocompensate
fortheextensionoftheworkinghourswithrespectivereductionthereof,whereastheyshall
notifyinwritingtheemployertothateffectatleasttwoweeksinadvance.
(5)Intheeventofterminationoftheemploymentrelationshipbeforethecompensationunder
paragraph(4)takeseffect,thevariancetothenormalworkdayshallbepaidasovertimework.
(6)ForemployeesunderArticle147extensionoftheworkinghoursshallbeallowedpursuantto
theprovisionsforovertimesetforthinthisArticle.
ReducedWorkingHours

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Article137
(1)Reducedworkinghoursshallbeestablishedfor:
1.employeesworkingunderunhealthyconditionsordoingworkunderspecialconditionsuponthe
decisionoftheCouncilofMinisters
2.employeeswhohavenotreached18yearsofage.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Entitledtoreducedworkinghourspursuanttoparagraph(1),sub
paragraph1,shallbeemployeeswhoworkundersuchconditionsfordurationnotlessthanhalf
ofthestatutoryworkinghours.
(3)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Inthecaseofreducedworkinghourspursuanttoparagraphs(1)
and(2)theemploymentconsiderationandtheotherrightsoftheemployeesmaynotbe
reduced.
PartTime
Article138
(1)Thepartiestotheemploymentcontractmaynegotiateworkforapartofthestatutory
workinghours(parttimework).Inthiscasetheyshallspecifythedurationandallocationofthe
workinghours.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Intheeventofdecreaseoftheworkvolumetheemployermayset
unilaterally,foraperiodofthreemonthswithinoneyear,parttimeworkfortheemployeesof
theenterpriseoraunitthereof,afterpreliminarycoordinationwiththerepresentativesofthe
employees.
(3)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Thedurationoftheworkinghoursunderparagraph(2)maynotbe
lessthanhalfofthatsetforthbylawfortheperiodofcalculationoftheworkinghours.
AllocationofWorkingHours
Article139
(1)Theallocationofworkinghoursshallbeestablishedbytheinternalrulesoftheenterprise.
(2)Inenterpriseswhereorganizationofworkallowsflexibleworkinghoursmaybeestablished.
Thetimeduringwhichtheemployeemustbeatworkintheenterprise,aswellasthemannerof
accountingforit,shallbespecifiedbytheemployer.Outsidethetimeofhiscompulsory
presence,theemployeemaydeterminethebeginningofhisworkinghourshimself.
(3)Dependingonthenatureofworkandthelabourorganization,theworkingdaymaybe
dividedintotwoorthreeparts.
(4)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Forsomecategoriesofemployees,duetothespecialnatureof
theirwork,theemployermay,afterconsultationswiththerepresentativesoftheemployees,
establishopenendedworkinghours,inasmuchasthecollectiveagreementdoesnotprovide
otherwise.Theemployeesonopenendedworkinghoursshall,ifnecessary,performtheirduties
evenaftertheexpiryoftheregularworkinghours.Theovertimeonworkingdaysshallbe
compensatedbyanadditionalannualpaidleave,andworkonlegalholidaysbyanincreased
remunerationforovertimework.
(5)Forsomecategoriesofemployees,duetothespecialnatureoftheirwork,anobligationmay
beestablishedtobeondutyortostandbyatthedisposaloftheemployerduringspecifiedhours
ina24hourperiod.Thecategoriesofemployees,themaximumdurationofthehours,andthe
termsandproceduresofaccountingforthemshallbedeterminedbytheMinisterofLabourand
SocialPolicy.
NightWork
Article140
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Thenormaldurationoftheweeklyworkinghoursatnightfora
fivedayworkweekshallbeupto35hours.Thenormaldurationofthenightworkinghoursfora
fivedayworkweekshallbeupto7hours.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Nightworkshallbeworkperformedbetween10.00p.m.and
6.00a.m.asfortheemployeesunder18yearsofagebetween8.00p.mand6.00a.m.
(3)Theemployershallprovidetotheemployeeshotfood,refreshmentsandotherfacilitiesfor
theeffectivenessofthenightwork.
(4)Nightworkshallbeprohibitedfor:
1.employeeswhohavenotreached18yearsofage
2.pregnantfemaleemployees,andmotherswhosechildrenareunder3yearsofage
3.mothersofchildrenbetween3and6yearsofage,aswellasmothersraisinghandicapped
childrenirrespectiveofthelatter'sage,exceptwiththeirownconsent
4.reassignedemployees,exceptwiththeirownconsent,andonlywhensuchemploymentwillnot
bedetrimentaltotheirhealthintheopinionofthemedicalauthorities
5.employeeswhoarecontinuingtheireducationwhileunderemployment,exceptwiththeirown
consent.

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WorkinShifts
Article141
(1)Wherethenatureoftheproductionprocessnecessitatesit,theworkintheenterpriseshallbe
organizedintwoormoreshifts.
(2)Aworkshiftshallbemixedwhereitincludesdayandnight.Amixedworkshiftwith4ormore
hoursofnightworkshallbedeemedanightshiftandshallhavethedurationofanightshift,and
ifitcoverslessthan4hoursofnightwork,itshallbedeemedadayshiftandshallhavethe
durationofadayshift.
(3)Therotationofshiftsintheenterpriseshallbespecifiedbytheinternalrules.
(4)Theworkshiftsoftheemployeeswhoarecontinuingtheireducationwhileunderemployment,
aswellasofhighschoolstudentsworkingintheirfreetime,shallbespecifieddependingonthe
organizationoftheirstudies.
(5)Itisprohibitedtoassignworkfortwoconsecutiveworkshifts.
(6)Forenterpriseswithacontinuousworkingprocesstheemployeeshallnotdiscontinuework
beforethearrivaloftherespectiveemployeeonthenextshiftwithoutthepermissionofhis
immediatesuperior.Insuchcasestheimmediatesuperiorshalltakethenecessarymeasuresto
findasubstitute.
AccountingforWorkingHours
Article142
(1)Workinghoursshallbecalculatedinworkingdays,foreachday.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployermayestablishsummarizedcalculationofthe
workinghoursweekly,monthly,orforanothercalendarperiodwhichshallnotbelongerthan4
months.
(3)Thesummarizedcalculationofworkinghoursshallnotbeallowedforemployeesonopen
endedworkinghours.
(4)Themaximumdurationofaworkshiftunderasummarizedcalculationofworkinghourscan
beupto12hours,andforemployeesatreducedworkinghoursitcanbeuptoonehourbeyond
theirreducedworkinghours.

SectionII
OVERTIMEWORK
DefinitionandProhibition
Article143
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Workdoneontheorderof,orwiththeknowledgeofandwith
noobjectionfrom,theemployerortherespectivesuperior,byanemployeebeyondhisagreed
workinghoursshallbeconsideredovertimework.
(2)Overtimeworkshallbeprohibited.
AdmissibilityasanException
Article144
Overtimeworkshallbepermittedasanexceptioninthefollowingcasesonly:
1.fortheperformanceofworkrelatedtothenationaldefence
2.forthepreventionof,andstruggleagainst,naturalandsocialdisastersordangers,andforthe
removaloftheirimmediateconsequences
3.fortheperformanceofurgentpubliclynecessaryworktorestorewaterandelectricalsupply,
heating,sewerage,transportandcommunicationlinks,andforprovidingmedicalassistance
4.fordoingemergencyrepairsinworkingpremises,onmachinesandotherequipment
5.forthecompletionofworkwhichcannotbecompletedwithintheregularworkinghoursin
casestoppageofsuchworkmayresultindangerforthelifeandhealthofpeople,andin
damagingmachinesandmaterials
6.fortheperformanceofintensiveseasonalwork.
ProceduresforPerformingOvertimeWork
Article145
(RepealedSG,No.25/2001)
Duration
Article146
(1)Thedurationoftheovertimeworkperformedbyoneemployeeinonecalendaryearshallnot
exceed150hours.
(2)Thedurationoftheovertimeworkshallnotexceed:
1.30hoursdaywork,or20hoursnightworkinonecalendarmonth
2.6hoursdaywork,or4hoursnightworkinonecalendarweek
3.3hoursdaywork,or2hoursnightworkintwoconsecutiveworkingdays.

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(3)TherestrictionsundertheprecedingparagraphsdonotapplytothecasesunderArticle144,
subparagraphs13.
InadmissibilityofOvertimeWork
Article147
(1)Overtimeworkshallbenotpermittedfor:
1.employeeswhohavenotreached18yearsofage
2.pregnantfemaleemployees,andmotherswhosechildrenareunder3yearsofage
3.mothersofchildrenbetween3and6yearsofage,aswellasmothersraisinghandicapped
childrenirrespectiveofthelatter'sage,exceptwiththeirownconsent
4.reassignedemployees,exceptwiththeirownconsent,andonlywhensuchemploymentwillnot
bedetrimentaltotheirhealthintheopinionofthemedicalauthorities
5.employeeswhoarecontinuingtheireducationwhileunderemployment,exceptwiththeirown
consent.
(2)WiththeexceptionofthecasesunderArticle144,subparagraphs13,overtimeworkshall
notbepermittedforemployeesforwhomthisCodeestablishesreducedworkinghoursdueto
thefactthattheyworkunderunhealthyconditions,orunderspecialconditions.
RefusaltoWorkOvertime
Article148
Theemployeeshallbeentitledtorefusetoworkovertime,incasetheprovisionsofthisCode,of
anothernormativeact,orofacollectiveagreementarenotobserved.
AccountingforOvertime
Article149
(1)Theemployershallkeepaspecialregistertoaccountforovertimework.
(2)Theovertimeworkdoneshallbeaccountedforbeforethelabourinspectorateeverysix
months.
PaymentandProhibitionofCompensation
Article150
(1)PursuanttoArticle262,alabourremunerationinanincreasedamountshallbepaidfor
overtimework,irrespectiveofthefactwhetheritshallbedonelegallyornot.
(2)Itshallbeprohibitedtocompensateforovertimeworkbyrest.

SectionIII
REST
RestduringtheWorkDay
Article151
(1)Theworkinghoursoftheemployeeshallbeinterruptedbyoneorseveralbreaks.The
employershallprovidetheemployeearestforamealwhichshallnotbeshorterthan30
minutes.
(2)Therestperiodsshallbenotincludedintheworkinghours.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Incontinuousproductionprocessesorinenterpriseswherethe
workisuninterrupted,theemployershallprovidetotheemployeetimeforamealduringthe
workinghours.
RestbetweenWorkDays
Article152
Theemployeeshallbeentitledtoanuninterruptedrestbetweenworkdayswhichshallnotbe
shorterthan12hours.
WeeklyRest
Article153
(1)Forafivedayworkingweektheemployeeshallbeentitledtoaweeklyrestoftwo
consecutivedays,oneofwhichshallbeSundayonprinciple.Insuchcases,theemployeeshall
beensuredatleast48hoursofweeklyrestatastretch.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Forsummarizedcalculationofworkinghours,incaseof
workingincontinuousproductionprocessesandincaseofachangeintheshifts,the
uninterruptedweeklyrestshallbeatleast24hours.
LegalHolidays
Article154
(1)(AmendedSG,Nos.2/1996,22&108/1998)Thepublicholidaysshallbe:
January1NewYear
March3theDayoftheLiberationofBulgariafromOttomanDominationtheNationalDay
May1theDayofLabourandInternationalWorkers'Solidarity
May6St.GeorgestheDayofValourtheBulgarianArmedForcesDay

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May24theDayofBulgarianEducationandCultureandofSlavonicLetters
September6UnificationDay
September22BulgariasIndependenceDay
November1theDayoftheLeadersoftheBulgarianNationalRevivalalegalholidayforall
educationalestablishments
December24ChristmasEveDecember25and26Christmas
Eastertwodays(SundayandMonday)onwhichitiscelebratedintherespectiveyear.
(2)TheCouncilofMinistersmayalsodeclareotherdaysforonetimepublicholidays,orforthe
commemorationofcertainprofessions,andshiftthedaysoffinthecourseoftheyear.

ChapterEight
LEAVES
SectionI
TYPESOFLEAVES
RegularandExtendedAnnualPaidLeave
Article155
(1)Eachemployeewhohasalengthofserviceofatleast8monthsshallacquiretherighttoan
annualpaidleave.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Thedurationofthebasicannualpaidleaveshallbenotless
than20workdays.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Somecategoriesofemployees,dependingonthespecial
natureofwork,shallbeentitledtoanextendedannualpaidleave,whichshallincludetheleave
underparagraph(2).Thecategoriesofsuchemployees,andtheminimumdurationofsuch
leave,shallbespecifiedbytheCouncilofMinisters.
AdditionalAnnualPaidLeave
Article156
PursuanttoArticle155,para1,theemployeeshallbeentitledtoanadditionalannualpaidleave:
1.forworkunderunhealthyconditions,orforworkunderspecialconditionsnotlessthan5
workingdays
2.forworkonopenendedworkinghoursnotlessthan5workingdays.
NegotiationofLongerDurationsoftheLeaves
Article156bis
LongerdurationsoftheleavesunderArticles155and156maybeagreedinacollective
agreement,aswellasbetweenthepartiestoanemploymentrelationship.
LeaveforthePerformanceofCivicandPublicDuties
Article157
(1)Theemployershallreleasetheemployeefromworkinthefollowingcases:
1.tobemarriedfor2workingdays
2.forblooddonationonthedayofthemedicalcheckupanddonation,andoneadditionalday
3.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)intheeventofthedeathofaparent,achild,aspouse,a
brother,asisterandaparentofthespouseorotherrelativesindirectlineagefor2working
days
4.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)incasetheemployeehasbeencalledtoappearincourtorother
bodiesasaparty,awitnessoranexpert
5.toattendsittingsasamemberofarepresentativestatebody
6.incasetheemployerhasgivennoticeofterminationoftheemploymentrelationshipfor1
houreachdayfortheperiodofthenotice.Thisrightshallnotbeexercisedbyanemployee
workingfor7orlesshours.
7.(RepealedSG,No.25/2001)
(2)(Amended,SGNos.133/199825/2001)Fortheperiodoftheleaveunderparagraph(1)the
employeeshallreceiveremunerationasfollows:
1.undersubparagraphs13asprovidedforinthecollectiveagreementorasagreed
betweentheemployeeandtheemployer
2.undersubparagraph6fromtheemployer,assetforthunderArticle177
3.intheothercasesassetforthinthespeciallaws.
LeaveDuringMobilizationTrainingEvent
Article158
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Anemployeecalledupformobilizationtrainingeventshallbedeemedtobeonofficialleave
forthedurationofthetraining,includingthedaysoftravellingtoandreturningfromthetraining
camp.

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(2)Shouldthemobilizationtraininglastfor15daysormore,theemployeeshallbeentitledto
twocalendardaysofpaidleavebeforedeparture,andtwomoredaysfollowinghisreturn,which
shallbeincludedintheannualpaidleave.
(3)Forthetimeofthemobilizationtrainingeventandoftheleaveunderthepreceding
paragraph,theemployeeshallbepaidaremunerationonaccountofthebudgetoftheMinistry
ofDefence.
LeaveofTradeUnionFunctionaries
Article159
(1)Fortheperformanceoftradeunionactivities,theunpaidmembersofnational,sectorial,and
regionalleadershipsoftradeunionorganizations,aswellastheunpaidchairmenofthetrade
unionleadershipsintheenterprisesshallbeentitledtoapaidleaveofdurationsspecifiedbythe
collectiveagreements,butnotshorterthan25hoursforonecalendaryear.
(2)TheleaveundertheprecedingparagraphshallbepaidpursuanttoArticle177,andmaynot
becompensatedwithcash.
(3)Thetradeunionfunctionaryshallchoosewhentousetheleaveunderpara1andshallnotify
theemployerinatimelymanner.Thetimeanddurationoftheleaveusedshallbeaccountedfor
inaspecialregisterwiththeemployer.
(4)Theleaveunderpara1shallnotbepostponedforthefollowingcalendaryear.
UnpaidLeave
Article160
(1)Upontherequestoftheemployee,theemployermaypermithimanunpaidleave,regardless
ofthefactwhetherhehasusedhisannualpaidleaveornot,andirrespectiveofhislengthof
service.
(2)Theunpaidleaveofupto30workingdaysforonecalendaryearshallbeincludedinthe
lengthofservice,andthatofover30workingdaysshallberecognizedonlyifitissoprovidedin
thisCode,anotherlaw,oranactoftheCouncilofMinisters.
OfficialandCreativeLeaves
Article161
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployeemaybepermittedapaidorunpaidofficialor
creativeleaveundertermsandproceduressetforthincollectiveagreementoranagreement
betweenthepartiestotheemploymentrelationship.
(2)Intheabsenceofanotherprovisioninthecollectiveagreement,thepaidelectedtradeunion
functionariesshallbedeemedtobeonanunpaidleavefortheperiodinwhichtheyholdthe
respectivetradeunionposition.
LeaveinCaseofTemporaryDisability
Article162
(1)Theemployeeshallbeentitledtoaleaveincaseoftemporarydisabilityresultingfroma
generaloranoccupationaldisease,occupationalinjury,forsanatorialtreatmentorforurgent
medicalexaminationsortests,quarantine,suspensionfromworkprescribedbythemedical
authorities,fortakingcareofanillorquarantinedmemberofthefamily,forurgentneedto
accompanyanillmemberofthefamilytoamedicalcheckup,testortreatment,andfortaking
careofahealthychilddismissedfromachildcarefacilitybecauseofquarantineimposedonthat
facilityoronthechild.
(2)Theleaveundertheprecedingparagraphshallbepermittedbythemedicalauthorities.
(3)Forthedurationoftheleaveincaseoftemporarydisability,theemployeeshallbepaida
cashcompensationwithinperiodsspecifiedbyaseparatelaw.
LeaveforPregnancy,BirthandAdoption
Article163
(1)(Amended,SGNo.110/1999)Femaleemployeesshallbeentitledtopregnancyandchildbirth
leaveof135daysforeachchild,45daysofwhichshallbegrantedbeforethedateofbirth.
(2)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
(3)Shouldthemedicalauthoritieserrinpredictingthedateofchildbirthanditoccursbeforethe
expiryofthe45daysfromthebeginningoftheleave,theremainderofthese45daysshallbe
usedafterthechildbirth.
(4)Incaseofstillbirth,ofinfantdeath,orifthechildisgivenuptoachildcareestablishmentin
theentirecareoftheStateorforadoption,themothershallbeentitledtoaleaveof42days
afterthedateofchildbirth.Themedicalauthoritiesmayextendthisperiodintheeventtheyfind
themother'sabilitytoworkhasnotbeenfullyrestoredafterthechildbirth,uptohercomplete
recovery.Uptotheexpiryofthetermunderpara1,suchaleaveshallbepaidasaleavefor
pregnancyandbirth.
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careoftheState,ordiesafterthe42nddayfromthebirth,theleaveunderpara1shallbe
terminatedonthefollowingday.Inthesecases,ifthemother'sabilitytoworkhasnotbeen
restoredafterthechildbirth,clauses2and3oftheprecedingparagraphshallapply.
(6)Afemaleemployeewhoadoptsachildshallbeentitledtoaleaveunderpara1inanamount
equaltothedifferencebetweenthechild'sageonthedaywhenitwasgivenupforadoptionuntil
theexpirationoftheperiodoftheleavedueforchildbirthasperthenumberoftheadoptive
mother'ssurvivingchildren.
(7)Forthetimeoftheleaveundertheprecedingparagraphsthefemaleemployeeshallbepaida
cashcompensationundertermsandinamountsspecifiedbyaseparatelaw.Whentheduration
oftheleaveisdetermined,themother'ssurvivingchildrenbothnaturalandadoptedshallbe
takenintoaccount.
LeaveforRaisingaChildupto2YearsofAge
Article164
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Aftertheleaveforpregnancy,childbirthoradoptionhasbeenused,incasethechildisnot
placedinachildcareestablishment,thefemaleemployeeshallbeentitledtoanadditionalleave
forraisingafirst,second,andthirdchilduntiltheyreach2yearsofage,and6monthsforeach
subsequentchild.
(2)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Withtheconsentofthemother(adoptivemother),theleave
underparagraph(1)shallbegrantedtothefather(adoptivefather)ortooneoftheirparentsin
casetheyworkunderanemploymentrelationship.
(4)Forthetimeoftheleaveundertheprecedingparagraphs,themother(adoptivemother)or
thepersonwhohastakenovertheraisingofthechildshallbepaidacashindemnityunder
termsandinamountsspecifiedbyaseparatelaw.Thetimeoftheleaveshallberecognizedas
lengthofservice.
(5)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Incasetheleaveunderparagraph(1)isnotused,orthe
personusingsuchleaveterminatesitsuse,themother(adoptivemother),ifsheisworking
underanemploymentrelationship,shallbepaidacashcompensationfromtheStateSocial
Securitytotheamountof50percentofthestatutoryminimummonthlysalaryinthecountry.
LeaveforRaisingaChildupto3YearsofAge
Article165
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Afterusingaleaveunderpara1oftheprecedingarticle,upontherequestofthefemale
employeeshemayalsobegrantedanunpaidleaveuntilthechildreaches3yearsofage,in
caseitisnotplacedinachildcareestablishment.Withtheconsentofthemotherthisleavemay
alsobeusedbythepersonsunderArticle164,para3.
(2)Thetimeduringwhichtheleaveundertheprecedingparagraphisusedshallberecognizedas
lengthofservice.
LeaveforBreastfeedingandFeedingaYoungChild
Article166
(1)AfemaleemployeewhobreastfeedsherchildshallbeentitledtoapaidleaveforBreast
feedinguntilthechildreaches8months1hourtwiceadayor,withherconsent,2hours
together.Forafemaleemployeewhoworksatreducedworkinghoursof7hoursorlessthis
leaveshallbe1houraday.Afterthechildreaches8monthsthisleaveshallbe1houraday
andshallbegrantedtotheemployeeonlyincasethemedicalauthoritiesfindthatitisnecessary
forhertocontinueBreastfeedingthechild.
(2)Incasethefemaleemployeehastwinsoraprematurelybornchild,thedurationoftheleave
undertheprecedingparagraphshallbe3hoursadayuntilthechildreaches8months,and2
hoursadayafterthechildreaches8months,aslongasthemedicalauthoritiesfindthatBreast
feedingshouldcontinue.Insuchcases,intheeventthatthefemaleemployeeworksatreduced
workinghours7orless,theinitialdurationoftheleaveforBreastfeedingthechildshallbe2
hours,andafterthechildreaches8months1houraday.Theleaveunderthisparagraphshall
beusedtwicedaily,andwiththeconsentoftheemployeeitcanbeusedoncedaily.
(3)Aleaveunderthetermsandforthedurationspecifiedunderthisarticleshallbealsogranted
totheadoptivemotherandtothestepmother.
(4)Theleaveundertheprecedingparagraphsshallbepaidbytheemployer.
LeaveInCaseofDeathorSevereIllnessofaParent
Article167
(1)Shouldthemother(adoptivemother)ofachildundertheageof3dieorbecomeseverelyill,
withresultinginabilitytotakecareofthechild,thebalanceoftheleavesforchildbirth,adoption,

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andraisingayoungchildmaybeusedbythefather(adoptivefather).Withhisconsent,these
leavesmaybeusedbyeitherofhisparents,orbyeitheroftheparentsofthedeceasedor
severelyillmother(adoptivemother),shouldthesaidpersonworkunderanemployment
relationship.
(2)Shouldbothparentsofachildundertheageof3die,andshouldthechildnotbeplacedina
childcareestablishment,thebalanceoftheleavesundertheprecedingparagraphshallbeused
bythechild'sguardianor,withhisconsent,byanyparentofthechild'smotherorfather.
AdditionalLeaveforTwoandMoreSurvivingChildren
Article168
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Whereprovisionstosucheffecthavebeensetforthinthe
collectiveagreement,afemaleemployeewith2survivingchildrenundertheageof18shallbe
entitledto2workingdays,andsuchanemployeewith3ormoresurvivingchildrenunderthe
ageof18to4workingdayspaidleaveforeachcalendaryear.Thisleaveshallbeusedwhen
theemployeewishes,anditshallnotbecompensatedincash,exceptincaseofaterminationof
theemploymentrelationship.
(2)Thefemaleemployeeshallbeentitledtousealeaveundertheprecedingparagraph,
includingforthecalendaryearinwhichoneorallthechildrenreach18yearsofage.
(3)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
(4)TheuseofaleaveunderthisarticlemaybepostponedpursuanttoArticle176.
PaidLeaveforStudies
Article169
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Employeesstudyingatsecondaryorhighereducational
establishmentwhileremaininginemploymentwiththeconsentoftheemployer,shallbeentitled
toapaidleaveof25workingdaysforeachyearofstudy.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theleaveunderparagraph(1)shallbeusedregardlessofall
othertypesofleaves.Itmaybeusedinwholeorinpart,andshallnotbegrantedtoan
employeewhowillrepeatanyearfornogoodreasons.
(3)Thestudentsunderparagraph(1)shallalsobeentitledtoaonetimeadditionalleaveof30
workingdaysforreadingandsittingforamatriculationoruniversityleavingexamination,
includingthepreparationandpresentationofadiplomapaper,diplomaprojectorthesis.
(4)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Employeesregisteredasdistancelearningorcorrespondence
studentsforPh.D.degreeshallbeentitledtoaonetime6monthpaidleavetoprepareanM.Sc.
degree,andtoa12monthpaidleavetoprepareathesisforaPh.D.academicdegree.Thisright
shallbeexercisedwiththeconsentoftheemployer.
(5)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Employeesattendingnightschool,withtheexceptionofthose
workingatreducedworkinghours7hoursorless,shallbereleasedfromworkwiththeconsent
oftheemployeranhourearlieroneachdaytheyhaveclasses.
LeaveforanEntranceExaminationatanEducationalEstablishment
Article170
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Wherewiththeconsentoftheemployeranemployeesitsfor
admissionexaminationsforaschool,shouldsuchexaminationsbeinorder,suchanemployee
shallbeentitledtopaidleave,asfollows:
1.whereapplyingforasecondaryschool6workdays
2.whereapplyingforahighereducationschoolorPh.D.degree12workdays.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Wheretheemployerhasnotgrantedhisconsent,theemployee
shallbeentitledtounpaidleaveofdurationasperparagraph(1)reducedinhalf,whichshallbe
recognizedaslengthofservice.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Whereanemployeehasusedthepaidorunpaidleaveunder
paragraphs(1)and(2),buthasnotbeenadmittedtotherespectiveeducationalestablishmentor
tostudyforPh.D.degree,forthefollowingyearsheshallbeentitledtounpaidleaveforhalfof
thedurationspecifiedunderparagraph(1),whichshallberecognizedaslengthofservice.
UnpaidLeaveforStudents
Article171
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)TheemployeesunderArticle169,paragraph(1)shallalsobe
entitledtounpaidleaveforthefollowingdurations:
1.toprepareandsitforanexaminationupto20workingdaysforanacademicyear
2.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)toprepareandsitforanentrance,matriculationoruniversity
leavingexamination,includingthepreparationandpresentationofadiplomapaperoradiploma
projectinsecondaryschoolsupto30workingdays
3.toprepareandsitforauniversityleavingexamination,includingthepreparationand
presentationofadiplomapaperoradiplomaprojectinhighereducationalestablishmentsupto

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fourmonths
4.fordistancelearningorindependentstudentsforPh.D.degreetoprepareandpresentathesis
uptofourmonths.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Wheretheemployerhasnotgrantedhisconsent,theemployee
studyinginsecondaryorhigherschoolwhileremaininginemploymentshallbeentitledtounpaid
leaveofdurationasperparagraph(1)reducedinhalf.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theunpaidleaveunderparagraphs(1)and(2)shallbe
recognizedaslengthofservice.
UseofLeavebyStudents
Article171a
(NewSG,No.25/2001)Leaveofstudentsunderthissectionshallbeusedattimedetermined
bytheemployeesaccordingtotheorganizationpatternofthetrainingprocess,withnotification
inwritingtotheemployeratleast7daysinadvance.

SectionII
USEOFTHEANNUALPAIDLEAVE
MannerofUsing
Article172
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theannualpaidleaveshallbeallowedtotheemployeeallatonce
orinparts,whereasatleasthalfofitshallbeusedinonepartthroughthecalendaryearfor
whichtheleaveisdue.
TermsandProceduresofUsing
Article173
(1)Theannualpaidleaveshallbeusedbytheemployeewiththewrittenpermissionofthe
employer.
(2)InthecaseofemployeeswhoprofessacreedotherthantheEasternOrthodoxChristianity,
theemployershallpermitthemtouse,bytheirownchoice,partoftheirannualpaidleave,or
grantthemanunpaidleaveunderArticle160,para1,onthedaysoftherespectivereligious
holidays,butnotmorethanthenumberofdaysfortheEasternOrthodoxChristianholidays
underArticle154.
(3)ThedaysforthereligiousholidaysofthecreedsotherthantheEasternOrthodoxChristianity
shallbespecifiedbytheCouncilofMinistersupontheproposaloftheofficialleadershipofthe
relevantcreed.
(4)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployershallbeentitledtogranttheannualpaidleaveto
theemployee,evenwithouthisconsent,incaseofidletimeofmorethan5days,incaseall
employeesusetheirleavessimultaneously,aswellasinthecaseswheretheemployee,
followinganinvitationfromtheemployer,hasfailedtorequesthisleavebytheendofthe
calendaryearforwhichithasbeendue.
(5)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployeeshallusehispaidannualleavebytheendofthe
respectiveyear.Theemployershallpermittheannualpaidleaveoftheemployeebytheendof
therespectivecalendaryear,unlessitsusehasbeenpostponedpursuanttoArticle176.Insuch
casetheemployeeshallbeprovidedtheuseofnotlessthanhalfofthepaidleavedueforthe
calendaryear.
UseofLeavebyUnderageEmployeesandbyMothers
Article174
Employeeswhohavenotreached18yearsofage,andmothersofchildrenundertheageof7
shallusetheirleaveinsummer,andiftheysowishatothertimesoftheyear,withthe
exceptionofthecasesunderpara4oftheprecedingarticle.
InterruptionoftheUseoftheLeave
Article175
(1)Intheeventthatduringtheuseoftheannualpaidleavetheemployeeisbegrantedanother
typeofpaidorunpaidleave,uponhisrequesttheuseoftheannualpaidleaveshallbe
interruptedandtheremaindershallbeusedlaterbyagreementbetweenhimandtheemployer.
(2)Inadditiontothecasesundertheprecedingparagraph,theemployee'sleavemaybe
interruptedbythemutualconsentofthepartiesexpressedinwriting.
PostponementoftheUseoftheLeave
Article176
(1)Theuseoftheannualpaidleavemaybepostponedforthefollowingcalendaryear:
1.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)bytheemployerduetoimportantproductionreasons,
pursuanttotheprovisionsofArticle173,paragraph(5),sentence3
2.bytheemployeeincaseheusesanothertypeofleave,oruponhisrequestwiththeconsent

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oftheemployer.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Wheretheleavehasbeenpostponedorhasnotbeenusedby
theendoftherespectivecalendaryear,theemployershallbeboundtoensureitsuseduringthe
followingcalendaryear,butnotlaterthansixmonthsasfromtheendofthecalendaryearfor
whichtheleavehasbeendue.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Wheretheemployerhasnotpermittedtheuseoftheleavein
thecasesandasperthetermsunderparagraph(2),theemployeeshallbeentitledtochoose
thetimeforusingithimself,notifyingtheemployerofsuchtimeinwritingatleasttwoweeksin
advance.
(4)Theunusedpartoftheannualpaidleavemaybeusedbytheemployeeuptothetermination
oftheemploymentrelationship.
Payment
Article177
Forthetimeoftheannualpaidleave,theemployershallpaytheemployeearemuneration
calculatedfromtheaveragedailygrossremunerationreceivedforthelastcalendarmonth
precedingtheuseoftheleave,duringwhichtheemployeehasworkedforatleast10days.
ProhibitionofCashCompensation
Article178
Itshallbeprohibitedtocompensatefortheannualpaidleaveincash,exceptatthetermination
oftheemploymentrelationship.
ChapterNine
WORKDISCIPLINE
SectionI
GENERALPROVISIONS
Article179repealed.
Article180repealed.
InternalLabourRegulations
Article181
Eachemployershallhavetherighttoissueinternallabourregulationswhichshallspecifythe
rightsandobligationsoftheemployeesandtheemployerpursuanttotheemployment
relationship,andshallregulatetheorganizationoftheworkprocessintheenterpriseaccording
tothespecificnatureofitsactivities.

SectionII
Article182185repealed.
SectionIII
DISCIPLINARYLIABILITY
WorkDisciplineViolations
Article186
Thefailuretofulfilone'semploymentobligationsthroughone'sfaultshallconstituteaviolationof
theworkdiscipline.TheviolatorshallbepunishedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisCode
irrespectiveofanyfinancial,administrativeorpenalliability,ifsuchexist.
TypesofWorkDisciplineViolations
Article187
Violationsoftheworkdisciplineshallbe:
1.Latereportingtoorearlydeparturefromwork,absencefromwork,inefficientworkduring
workinghours
2.Reportingtoworkoftheemployeeinastatenotallowinghimtofulfiltheassignedjob
3.Nonfulfillmentoftheassignedjob,nonobservanceofthetechnicalandtechnological
regulations
4.Manufactureofsubstandardproducts
5.Nonobservanceofthesafetyandhealthworkregulations
6repealed
7.Failuretocarryoutthelawfulordersoftheemployer
8.Abuseofconfidenceandinjurytothegoodnameoftheenterpriseaswellasdivulging
proprietaryinformationoftheenterprise
9.Damagetothepropertyoftheemployeranddissipationofresources,rawmaterials,energy
andothermeans
10.Nonfulfillmentofotheremploymentobligationsprovidedbythelawsandregulations,bythe
internallabourregulations,thecollectiveagreementorarisingfromtheemployment
relationship.

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TypesofDisciplinarySanctions
Article188
Disciplinarysanctionsshallbe:
1.Reprimand
2.Cautionagainstdismissal
3.Dismissal.
CriteriaforImposingandSinglenessoftheDisciplinarySanction
Article189
(1)Thechoiceofthedisciplinarysanctionshallbedeterminedbythegravityoftheinfringement,
thecircumstancessurroundingitsoccurrenceandthebehavioroftheemployee.
(2)Onlyonedisciplinarysanctionshallbeimposedforeachviolation.
DisciplinaryDismissal
Article190
(1)Adisciplinarydismissalshallbeimposedafter:
1.Reportingtoworklateorearlydepartureonthreeoccasions,eachnolessthanonehour,
withinonecalendarmonth
2.Absencefromworkfortwoconsecutiveworkingdays
3.Systematicviolationsoftheworkdiscipline
4.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Abuseofemployer'sconfidenceordivulgingproprietary
informationoftheemployer
5.Causinglossestootherpersonsbyemployeesinthetradeandservicesindustriesbyfraudin
theprice,theweight,thequalityoftheitemorservice
6.(New,SGNo.51/1999)Participationingamesofchancethroughtelecommunicationmeansof
theenterpriseandthecostsincurredshallbereimbursedintheirfullamount
7.Othergraveviolationsoftheworkdiscipline.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Adisciplinarydismissalpursuanttoparagraph(1)shallbeimposed
incompliancewiththecriteriaunderArticle189,paragraph(1).
Article191repealed.
OrgansAuthorizedToImposeDisciplinarySanctions
Article192
(1)Thedisciplinarysanctionsshallbeimposedbytheemployerorapersonauthorizedbyhim,or
byanotherorganauthorizedbythelaw.
(2)Thedisciplinarysanctionsuponthemanageroftheenterprise,aswellasuponemployees
appointedbyahigherauthorityshallbeimposedbythatauthority.
(3)repealed.
Employer'sObligationsPriorToImposingADisciplinarySanction
Article193
(1)Priortoimposingadisciplinarysanctiontheemployershallheartheemployeeoraccepta
writtenstatementandshallgatherandassesstheindicatedevidence.
(2)Shouldtheemployerfailtoheartheemployeeortoaccepthiswrittenreportpriortothe
impositionofthesanctionthecourtshallrevokethedisciplinarysanctionwithoutreviewingthe
caseonitsmerits.
(3)Theprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraphshallnotapplyiftheemployeewasnotheardor
hisreportnotreceivedthroughhisownfault.
PeriodofImposingofASanction
Article194
(1)Thedisciplinarysanctionsshallbeimposedwithintwomonthsofthediscoveryoftheviolation
andnolaterthan1yearofitsperpetration.
(2)Foradisciplinaryviolationwhichisalsoacrimeoradministrativeviolationrelatedtothe
assignedjobandestablishedwithasentenceorpenalenactment,theperiodspursuanttothe
precedingparagraphshallstartrunningonthedaythesentenceorthepenalenactmentbecome
effective.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theperiodsunderpara1shallnotrunduringthelawfulleave
oftheemployeeorwhilehetakespartinastrike.
(4)repealed.
DisciplinarySanctionOrder
Article195
(1)Thedisciplinarysanctionshallbeimposedbyanorderinwritingstatingreasonswhichshall
statetheidentityoftheviolator,theviolation,thedateofperpetration,thesanctionandthe
provisionofthelawpursuanttowhichthesanctionisimposed.
(2)Theorderimposingadisciplinarysanctionshallbeservedtotheemployee,whoshallsignit,

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andshallindicatethedateofdelivery.Whereitisimpossiblefortheordertobeservedtothe
employee,theemployershallsenditbyregisteredletterwithareturnreceipt.
(3)Thedisciplinarysanctionshallbeconsideredimposedfromthedateofservingoftheorderto
theemployeeorfromthedateofreceiptwhensentbyregisteredletterwithareturnreceipt.
(4)repealed.
Article196repealed.
DeletionofDisciplinarySanctions
Article197
(1)Thedisciplinarysanctionsshallberepealedwiththeexpiryofoneyearoftheirimposition.
(2)Thedeletionshallhaveeffectforthefutureonly.Thedeletionofadisciplinarydismissalshall
notconstitutegroundsforreinstatingoftheemployeeinhisformerposition.
EarlyDeletionofDisciplinarySanction
Article198
(1)Disciplinarysanctions,otherthandismissal,mayberepealedbytheemployerbeforethe
expirationofthetermsetinpara1oftheprecedingarticle,iftheemployeeshallnothave
committedotherviolationsoftheworkdiscipline.Thedeletionshallhaveeffectforthefuture
only.
(2)Thedeletionofasanctioninaccordancewiththeprecedingparagraphshallbedonewithan
orderinwritingstatingreasons,whichshallbeservedtotheemployee.
TemporarySuspensionfromWork
Article199
(1)Theemployerortheimmediatesuperiormaysuspendfromworktemporarilyanemployee
whoreportstoworkinastatepreventinghimfromperforminghisworkresponsibilities,takes
alcoholicbeveragesorotherstrongintoxicatingsubstancesduringworkinghours.
(2)Thesuspensionshallcontinueuntiltheemployeerestoreshisabilitytoperformhisassigned
work.
(3)Duringthetimeofsuspensiontheemployeeshallnotreceivelabourremuneration.
ChapterTen
FINANCIALLIABILITYANDOTHERTYPESOFCOMPENSATION
SectionI
FINANCIALLIABILITYOFTHEEMPLOYER
FinancialLiabilityoftheEmployerforDeathorDamagestoanEmployee'sHealth
Article200
(1)Incaseofoccupationalinjuriesanddiseasescausingtemporarydisability,invalidityordeath
oftheemployeetheemployershallbearfinancialliabilityregardlessofwhetheranorganunder
hisauthorityoranotheremployeeshallbeatfaultfortheiroccurrence.
(2)Theemployershallalsobeliableincaseswheretheoccupationalinjuryhasbeencausedby
forcemajeureduringorinconnectionwiththeperformanceoftheassignedwork,orofany
otherworkperformedevenwithoutorderswhich,nevertheless,isintheemployer'sinterest,as
wellasduringabreakspentwithintheenterprise.
(3)Theemployershallbeliableforcompensationforthedifferencebetweentheloss,whether
materialornonmaterial,caused,includingmissedbenefits,andthesocialsecuritycompensation
and/orpension.
(4)Thereceivingofcompensationpursuanttotheprecedingparagraphbytheheirsofan
employeewhohasdiedasaresultofanoccupationalinjuryordiseaseshallnotbedeemed
acceptanceofthelegacy.
ExclusionorReductionofLiability
Article201
(1)Theemployershallnotbeliablepursuanttotheprecedingparagraphiftheinjuryiscaused
bytheinjuredintentionally.
(2)Theliabilityoftheemployershallbesubjecttoreductioniftheinjuredhascontributed
towardstheoccupationalinjurybygrossnegligence.
RecourseAction
Article202
Theemployershallbeentitledtoanactionagainsttheemployeesatfault,inaccordancewiththe
provisionsofSectionIIofthisChapter,forrecoveringthecompensationpaidtotheinjuredorto
hisheirs.

SectionII
FINANCIALLIABILITYOFTHEEMPLOYEE
ScopeoftheFinancialLiability

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Article203
(1)TheemployeesshallbefinanciallyliablesubjecttotheprovisionsofthisChapterforthe
damagescausedtotheemployerasaresultofnegligenceduringorinconnectionwiththe
performanceoftheiremploymentobligations.
(2)Theliabilityfordamagescausedintentionallyorasaresultofacrimeorcausednotduringor
inconnectionwiththeperformanceofemploymentobligationsshallbedeterminedbythecivil
laws.
(3)Thefinancialliabilityofemployeesshallapplyirrespectiveofthedisciplinary,administrative
andpenalliabilityforthesameaction.
ExclusionofLiability
Article204
Theemployeesshallnotbefinanciallyliablefordamagescausedbyanormalmanufacturingand
businessrisk.
LossesSubjecttoCompensation
Article205
(1)Theemployeesshallbeliableforthelossesinflicted,butnotformissedbenefits.
(2)Theextentofthelossesshallbedeterminedasofthedayoftheiroccurrenceandifthatday
cannotbedetermined,asofthedayofthediscoveryofthelosses.
ExtentofLiability
Article206
(1)Forlossesinflictedupontheemployerbynegligenceduringorinconnectionwiththe
performanceoftheemploymentobligationstheemployeeshallbeliabletotheextentofsuch
losses,butnotmorethantheagreedmonthlylabourremuneration.
(2)Wherethelosseshavebeencausedbyamanager,includingtheimmediatesuperior,during
orinconnectionwiththeexercisingofhismanagerialfunctionstheliabilityshallbetotheextent
ofsuchlosses,butnotmorethanthetriplevalueoftheagreedmonthlylabourremuneration.
(3)Theliabilityshallalsobewithintheamountsestablishedbytheprecedingparagraphsincases
wheretheemployerhascompensatedthirdpartiesforlossescausedbytheemployeeunderthe
sameconditions.
ExtentofLiabilityforDamageCausedByAccountingActivities
Article207
(1)Anemployeetowhomthecollection,keeping,spendingoraccountingofmoneyandmaterial
valueshasbeenassignedasanemploymentobligationshallbeliabletotheemployer:
1.totheextentofthelossbutnotexceedingthetriplevalueoftheagreedmonthly
remuneration
2.incaseofshortagetothefullvalueincludingtheinterestdeterminedbyoperationoflaw
fromthedateofthecausingofthelosses,andifthatdatecannotbeestablished,fromthedate
ofdiscoveryoftheshortage.
(2)Personswhohaveacquiredbenefitswithoutgroundsfromthepersoncausingthelossesor
whohavebenefitedfromtheincurredlossespursuanttosubparagraph1ofthepreceding
paragraphshallowe,jointlyandseverallywiththepersoncausingthelosses,therepaymentof
theacquiredbenefitsuptotheamountoftheenrichment,exceptinthecasesunderArticle271,
para1.Thepersonsshallalsoowethereturnofthebenefitstheyhavereceivedasgiftsfromthe
personcausingthelosseswhenthegiftshavecomefromsumsderivedfromthelosses.
(3)Thestatuteoflimitationsforactionspursuanttopara1,subparagraph2,andpara2shallbe
10yearsfromthedateofcausingthelosses.
(4)Othercasesoffullfinancialliabilitymaybeestablishedbylaw.
LiabilityForLossesCausedBySeveralEmployees
Article208
Wherethedamagehasbeencausedbyseveralemployees,theyshallbeheldliablefor:
1.Inthecasesoflimitedliabilityinproportiontothepartofeachoftheminthecausingofthe
lossesifeachone'spartcannotbeestablished,inproportiontotheagreedlabourmonthly
remuneration.Thetotalsumofthecompensationsduefromthemcannotexceedthevalueof
thedamage
2.Inthecaseoffullliability,jointlyandseverally.
WorkTeamLiability
Article209
(1)Theworkteamliabilityforshortagesmaybeundertakenbyacontractinwritingsigned
betweentheemployerandemployeeswhoperformaccountingactivitiestogetherorinshifts.
Wherethespecificpersoncausingthelossescannotbeidentifiedthecompensationshallbe
distributedamongtheemployeeswhohavesignedthecontract,inproportiontothetotalgross

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salaryreceivedbyeachonefortheperiodoftimecorrespondingtotheestablishedshortage.
(2)repealed.
ImplementationofLimitedFinancialLiability
Article210
(1)Incasesoflimitedfinancialliabilitytheemployershallissueanorderwhichshalldefinethe
groundsforandtheextentoftheemployee'sliability.Wherethelosshasbeencausedbythe
employertheordershallbeissuedbythesuperiorbody,andifnosuchbodyexists,bythe
collectivebodymanagingtheenterprise.
(2)Theordershallbeissuedwithinonemonthofthediscoveryofthelossorofthepaymentof
thesumtoathirdparty,butnotlaterthanoneyearofitscausingandwithinthreemonthsofits
discoverywhenthelosshasbeencausedbyamanageroftheenterpriseorintheprocessof
performingaccountingactivities,butnotlaterthan5yearsofitscausing.Thesetimeperiods
shallbesuspendediffullfinancialliabilityproceedingshavebeenundertaken,untilthelatterare
pending.
(3)Iftheemployeechallengesinwritingwithinonemonthofthedateofservingoftheorderits
groundsortheextentoftheliabilitytheemployershallhavetherighttobringanactionbefore
thecourt.
(4)Iftheemployeedoesnotchallengewithintheperiodestablishedintheprecedingparagraph
thegroundsortheextentoftheliabilitytheemployershalldeductitfromhisremunerationinthe
amountsprovidedforbytheCivilProcedureCode.
(5)Incaseswhereasaresultofterminationofemploymentorofotherreasonstheamountdue
cannotbedeductedinaccordancewiththeprecedingparagraphtheorderoftheemployerorthe
organunderparagraph1,clause2,shallbegroundsfortheissuingofawritofexecution
pursuanttotheCivilProcedureCode.
(6)repealed.
ImplementationofFullFinancialLiability
Article211
Fullfinancialliabilityshallbeimplementedbycourtorder.Inthesecasesdeductionshallbe
madeonlyonthebasisofacourtdecisioninforce.
ApplicationoftheCivilLaw
Article212
Civillawshallapplyforissuesrelatedtothefinancialliabilityoftheemployerincasesofdeath
oroccupationalinjuriesofanemployee,aswellasoffinancialliabilityoftheemployeetothe
employernottreatedinthischapter.

SectionIII
OTHERFORMSOFCOMPENSATION
CompensationforNonAdmissiontoWork
Article213
(1)Incasesofunlawfulnonadmissiontoworkofanemployeewithwhomanemployment
relationshippursuanttotheprovisionsofchapterfiveexists,theemployerortheofficialsfound
guiltyshallbeliablejointlyandseverallytothefullamountofthegrosslabourremunerationfor
therelevantpositionfromthedayoftheemployee'sreportingforworktothedayofhisactual
admissiontowork.
(2)Theemployerandtheguiltyofficialsshallowecompensationjointlyandseverallytothe
employeewhohasunlawfullynotbeenadmittedtoworkforthedurationoftheperformanceof
theemploymentrelationship.Thecompensationshallamounttothegrosslabourremuneration
oftheemployeefortheperiodofunlawfulnonadmissiontowork.
CompensationForTemporarySuspensionFromWork
Article214
Anemployeewhohasbeenunlawfullysuspendedfromworkbyhisemployerorimmediate
superiorshallbeentitledtoacompensationtotheextentofthegrosslabourremunerationfor
theperiodofhissuspension.Thecompensationshallbeduejointlyandseverallybythe
employerandtheguiltyofficials.
(2)repealed.
BusinessTravelCompensation
Article215
Whentravellingonofficialbusinesstheemployeeshallbeentitled,inadditiontohisgrosslabour
remuneration,totravellingexpenses,perdiemsandaccommodationundertermsandinan
amounttobedeterminedbytheCouncilofMinisters.
ReassignmentCompensation

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Article216
(1)Anemployeewhohasbeenreassignedtoworkinanothercommunityshall,byagreement
withtheemployer,beentitledto:
1.travellingexpensesforhimandhisfamily
2.expensesforremovingofhishouseholdbelongings
3.remunerationforthedaysoftravelplustwoextradays.
(2)Anemployeewhoseemploymentrelationshiphasbeenterminatednotthroughhisfaultor
uponhisrequestbynoticeshall,byagreementwiththeemployer,beentitledtotheexpenses
pursuanttosubparagraphs1and2oftheprecedingparagraphforhisandhisfamily'sreturnto
theirpermanentplaceofresidence.
(3)Anemployeeshallbeentitledtothecompensationpursuanttotheprecedingparagraphs
when,pursuanttoaprocedureestablishedbylaw,isbeingorhasbeenreassignedtoa
permanentpositioninanothercommunitynotuponhisownrequest.Whenthedistancetothe
newcommunityisover100kmandthereassignmentisformorethan1yeartheemployeeshall
beentitledtoboththeagreedmonthlyremunerationforthenewjobandaremunerationequal
tothevalueofonefourthofthesameamountforeachmemberofhisfamilydependentonthe
employee.Thecompensationshallbepaidbytheemployertowhomtheemployeeisassigned.
CompensationinCaseofRehabilitationReassignment
Article217
(1)Theemployershallowetheemployeewithreducedworkabilitysubjecttorehabilitation
reassignmentacompensationtotheextentofhisgrosslabourremunerationfromthedayof
issueoftherulingforrehabilitationreassignmenttothedayofitsconsummation.
(2)Anemployeewhorefuseswithnoexcusablegroundstoacceptthereassignmentinthesame
oranotherenterpriseshallnotbeentitledtothecompensationpursuanttothepreceding
paragraph.
CompensationinCaseofNaturalorSocialDisasters
Article218
(1)Whenduetonaturalorsocialdisasterstheemployeeisunabletoreporttoworkheshallbe
compensatedtotheextentof50percentofhisgrosslabourremunerationfortheperiodof
inabilitybutnotlessthan75percentoftheminimumsalarydecreedforthecountry.
(2)Incaseswheretheemployeehastakenpartinrescueoperationsduringnaturalorsocial
disastersheshallbeentitledtothefullamountofhisgrosslabourremuneration.
(3)Thecompensationpursuanttotheprecedingparagraphsshallbepaidbytheemployerwith
whomtheemployeeisworking.
(4)Thereasonsfornonreportingtoworkorparticipationinrescueoperationsshallbecertified
bythemayor'soffice,themunicipalcouncilorbyanyotherstateauthority.
CompensationforLawfulRefusaloftheEmployeetoPerformtheJob
Article219
(1)Anyemployeewhohasrefusedtoperformorhassuspendedperforminghisjobonlegitimate
groundsbecauseofaseriousanddirectthreattohislifeandhealthshallbeentitledtoa
compensationtotheextentofhisgrosslabourremunerationfortheperiodofrefusalor
suspension.
(2)Therighttocompensationpursuanttotheprecedingparagraphshallbeextendedto
employeeswhorefusetoperformajobassignedtothem,whichdoesnotfallwithinthe
admissiblecategoriesofunilateralchangeofplaceandnatureofwork,iftheemployeeis
preventedfromperforminghisjobundertheexistingconditions.
CompensationforFailuretoProvideNotice
Article220
(1)Thepartyentitledtoterminatethelabourrelationshipwithnoticemayterminateitbeforethe
expirationofthenoticeperiod,inwhichcaseitshallowetheotherpartycompensationequalto
theamountoftheemployee'sgrosslabourremunerationfortheremainderofthenoticeperiod.
(2)Thepartywhichhasreceivednoticeofterminationoftheemploymentcontractmayterminate
itbeforetheexpirationofthenoticeperiod,inwhichcaseitshallowetheotherparty
compensationequaltotheamountoftheemployee'sgrosslabourremunerationforthe
remainderofthenoticeperiod.
CompensationforTerminatingtheEmploymentRelationshipwithoutNotice
Article221
(1)Interminatingtheemploymentrelationshipbyanemployeewithoutnoticeinthecasesof
Article327,paras2and3,theemployershallowecompensationtotheextentofthegross
labourremunerationforthenoticeperiodincaseofanemploymentcontractforanindefinite
periodandtotheamountoftherealdamagesincaseofanemploymentcontractforafixed

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term.
(2)Incaseofdisciplinarydismissaltheemployeeshallowetheemployercompensationtothe
extentofhisgrosslabourremunerationforthenoticeperiodincaseofanemploymentcontract
foranindefiniteperiodandtotheamountoftherealdamagesincaseofanemployment
contractforafixedterm.
(3)Theprecedingparagraphshallalsoapplyincaseswheretheemployeeisdismissedpursuant
toArticle330,para1becauseofsentencingforacrimewhichatthesametimeconstitutesa
violationofhisemploymentobligations.
(4)Theactuallossespursuanttotheprecedingparagraphsshallbecalculatedonthebasisofthe
grosslabourremunerationoftheemployeeasfollows:
1.inthecasesofpara1fortheperiodduringwhichtheemployeewasunemployedbutnot
morethantheremainderoftheemploymentrelationship
2.inthecasesofpara2and3fortheperiodduringwhichtheemployerhasbeenleftwithout
anemployeeforthesameposition,butnotmorethantheremainderoftheemployment
relationship
CompensationforDismissalonOtherGrounds
Article222
(1)Upondismissalduetoclosingdownoftheenterpriseorpartofit,staffreduction,reductionof
thevolumeofworkandworkstoppageformorethan30days,theemployeeshallbeentitledto
compensationfromtheemployer.Thecompensationshallbeintheamountofhisgrosslabour
remunerationfortheperiodofunemploymentbutnotformorethanonemonth.Acompensation
forlongerperiodsmaybestipulatedbyanactoftheCouncilofMinisters,byacollective
agreementorbythelabourcontract.Ifwithinthisperiodtheemployeestartsworkwithalower
remunerationheshallbeentitledtothedifferenceforthesaidperiod.
(2)Uponterminationoftheemploymentrelationshipduetoanillness(Article325,para9,and
Article327,para1)theemployeeshallbeentitledtoacompensationfromtheemployerinthe
amountofhisgrosslabourremunerationforaperiodoftwomonths,providedhislengthof
serviceisatleast5yearsandduringthelast5yearsofservicehehasnotreceivedany
compensationonthesamegrounds.
(3)(AmendedSG,Nos.2/1996,25/2001)Uponterminationoftheemploymentrelationshipafter
theemployeehasacquiredtherighttoapensiononthegroundsoflengthofservicecoveredby
socialsecurityandage,irrespectiveofthegroundsforthetermination,heshallbeentitledto
compensationbytheemployerintheamountofhisgrosslabourremunerationforaperiodof
twomonthsandwheretheemployeehasworkedwiththesameemployerforthelasttenyears
ofthelengthofservicethecompensationshallequalhisgrosslabourremunerationforaperiod
ofsixmonths.Thecompensationpursuanttothisparagraphshallbepaidonlyonce.
Article223repealed.
CompensationforUnusedPaidAnnualLeave
Article224
(1)Uponterminationoftheemploymentrelationshiptheemployeeshallbeentitledtoacash
compensationforunusedpaidannualleaveinproportiontothetimerecognizedforlengthof
service.
(2)Thecompensationpursuanttotheprecedingparagraphshallbecalculatedinaccordancewith
theprovisionsofArticle177asofthedateofterminationoftheemploymentrelationship.
(3)ThepaidleaveforthetrainingofstudentsandstudentsforPh.D.degreebycorrespondent
courses,aswellasforentranceexaminationsineducationalinstitutions,whenunused,shallnot
becompensatedincash.
CompensationforUnlawfulDismissalandforNonAdmissiontoWorkofaReinstatedEmployee
Article225
(1)Incaseofunlawfuldismissaltheemployeeshallbeentitledtoacompensationbythe
employerintheamountofhisgrosslabourremunerationfortheperiodofunemploymentcaused
bythatdismissal,butnotformorethansixmonths.
(2)Whenduringtheperiodpursuanttotheprecedingparagraphtheemployeehasworkedona
lowerpaidjobheshallbeentitledtothedifferenceintheremuneration.Thesamerightshall
applytounlawfulreassignmentofanemployeeonanotherlowerpaidjob.
(3)Whenanunlawfullydismissedemployeeisreinstatedanduponreportingtoworktohis
formerpositionheispreventedfromtakingthatposition,theemployerandtheguiltyofficials
shallbeliablejointlyandseverallytotheemployeeintheamountofhisgrosslabour
remunerationfromthedayofreportingtothedayofhisactualadmissiontowork.
Employer'sLiabilityforOtherDamagesCausedtotheEmployee
Article226

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(1)Theemployerandtheguiltyofficialsshallbeliablejointlyandseverallyforthedamages
causedtotheemployeebecauseof:
1.failuretoissueoradelayinissuingdocuments,certifyingfactsrelatedtotheemployment
relationshipoftheemployee
2.recordingoffalsedatainthesaiddocuments.
(2)Theemployerandtheguiltyofficialsshallbejointlyliabletotheemployeefordamages
ensuingfromtheunlawfulwithholdingofhisservicerecordafterhisemploymentrelationshiphas
beenterminated.
(3)Thecompensationpursuanttopara1shallcomprisealldamagescausedtotheemployee
includingthenonmaterialones.Thecompensationpursuanttopara2shallbeintheamountof
hisgrosslabourremunerationfromthedayoftheterminationoftheemploymentrelationshipto
thedayofthehandingoveroftheservicerecordtotheemployee.
RecourseLiability
Article227
TheofficialsthroughwhosefaultthecompensationspursuanttoArticles213,214,225,para3
and226werepaidshallowetherepaymentofthesumstotheemployerinaccordancewiththe
rulesofSectionIIofthisChapter.
GrossLabourRemunerationasBasisforCalculationoftheCompensations
Article228
(1)Thegrosslabourremunerationasabasisforthecalculationofthecompensationsunderthis
Sectionshallbethegrosslabourremunerationreceivedbytheemployeeinthemonthpreceding
themonthofthearisingofthegroundsfortherespectivecompensation,orthelastmonthly
grosslabourremunerationreceivedbytheemployee,unlessotherwiseprovided.
(2)TheamountsofthecompensationspursuanttoArticle215,218,222and225shallapplyas
longasnogreateramountshavebeenprovidedinactsoftheCouncilofMinisters,incollective
agreementsorinlabourcontracts.
ChapterEleven
PROFESSIONALQUALIFICATION
ContractforAcquiringofQualification
Article229
(1)Theemployermayconcludeacontractwithapersonwhoisenteringorhasenteredatraining
institutionforacquiringaqualification.
(2)Thecontractundertotheprecedingparagraphshallbindtheemployer:
1.tosupportthetraineeandothertermsrelatedtothetraining
2.uponterminationofthetrainingtogiveemploymenttothetraineesuitableforhisacquired
qualificationforaperiodagreedbybothparties,whichcannotbelongerthan6years.
(3)Thecontractpursuanttoparagraph1shallbindthetrainee:
1.tofinishhistrainingfortheagreedqualificationaccordingtoschedule
2.totakeupemploymentwiththeemployerintheagreedperiodoftime.
(4)Forfailureperformtheobligationsunderparas2and3throughafaultofoneoftheparties,
aslongasnootherprovisionsexist,thepartyatfaultshallbeheldliableinaccordancewithcivil
law.
ApprenticeshipContract
Article230
(1)Theapprenticeshipcontractbindstheemployertotrainthenovicewhileworkinginaspecified
professionorspecialityandthenovicetomasterit.
(2)Thecontractshallsetdowntheforms,theplaceandthedurationoftraining,whichcannotbe
longerthan6months,thecompensationduebythepartiesincaseofnonperformanceaswell
asotherissuesrelatedtothetraining.
(3)Thepartiesshallsetdowninthecontracttheperiodofmandatoryworkbythetraineewith
theemployeraftersuccessfulcompletionofthetrainingcourse,andtheemployershallprovide
workinaccordancewiththeacquiredqualification.Thatperiodshallnotbelongerthan3years.
(4)Duringthetrainingthetraineeshallreceivelabourremunerationinproportionwiththework
donebutnotlessthan90percentoftheminimumworksalarydecreedforthecountry.
RecognitionoftheQualificationoftheTrainee
Article231
(1)Theresultsofthetrainingbyapprenticeshipcontractshallbeestablishedbyatheoreticaland
practicaltestofthetrainee.
(2)Uponsuccessfulpassingofthetestthetraineeshallqualifyforacertaindegreeof
qualificationinthecorrespondingprofessionorspeciality.
(3)Uponcompletionofthetrainingcoursethetraineeshallbeentitledtoapaidleavefor

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preparationandtakingofatestforaperiodagreedwiththeemployerbutnotlessthan12
workingdays.Forarepeattestthetraineeshallbeentitledtoanunpaidleaveof12working
days,whichshallberecognizedaslengthofservice.
ObligationforWorkandLiabilityinCaseofNonPerformanceoftheApprenticeshipContract.
Article232
(1)Aftersuccessfulcompletionofthetrainingtheemployer,inaccordancewiththe
apprenticeshipcontract,mustappointthetraineetoajobcorrespondingtotheacquired
qualification,andthetraineemusttakeupthejobandworkduringtheagreedperiod.
(2)Incasetheemployerfailstoprovideatrainee,whohassuccessfullycompletedhistraining,
withajobcorrespondingtotheacquiredqualificationheshallbeliableintheamountofthegross
labourremunerationforthecorrespondingpositionfortheperiodwhensuchworkwasnot
provided,butfornotmorethan3months,unlessotherwiseagreedupon.
(3)Ifthetraineefailstocompletethetrainingcoursewithoutseriouscauseorfailsafter
completionofthecoursetotakeupthejobprovidedbytheemployer,orleavesbeforethe
expirationoftheagreedperiod,heshallowetheemployeracompensationinproportiontothe
nonperformanceinanamountagreeduponbybothparties,butnotmorethanthetripleamount
oftheminimummonthlysalarydecreedforthecountry.
ApplicabilityofLabourLawstotheApprenticeshipContract
Article233
Thecurrentlabourlegislationshallapplytorelationshipsbetweenthepartiestoan
apprenticeshipcontractfortheperiodoftraining.
ContractforHigherQualificationTrainingandReTraining
Article234
(1)Thepartiestoanemploymentrelationshipmayenterintoacontractforhigherqualification
trainingoftheemployeeorfortraininginanotherprofessionorspeciality(retraining).
(2)Thecontractundertheprecedingparagraphshallstipulate:
1.professionandspecialityinwhichtheemployeeistobetrained
2.place,formanddurationofthetraining
3.financial,livingandotherconditionsduringtheperiodoftraining.
(3)Thecontractunderparagraph1mayprovide:
1.anobligationoftheemployeetoworkwiththeemployerforafixedperiod,butnotlongerthan
5years
2.liabilityfornoncompletionofthetraining,aswellasnonobservanceoftheobligationsunder
theprecedingsubparagraph.
ContractforQualificationWithaNonWorkingPerson
Article235
AContractfortrainingforacquiringahigherqualificationorforretrainingmaybeconcluded
betweentheemployerandapersonwhoispreparingtostartworkwiththeemployerupon
completionofthetraining.
TerminationoftheContractforQualification
Article236
EachpartymaybyanoticeinwritingterminatethecontractsubjectofthisChapterbefore
completionofthetrainingcourse:
1.becauseofnonperformanceoftheobligationsoftheotherpartythroughthatotherparty's
faultthepartyatfault,though,shallbegivenanappropriatetimeperiodtoperformits
obligations
2.inothercasesagreeduponinthecontract.
LabourContractAftertheTraining.
Article237
UponcompletionofthetrainingonthebasisofacontractsubjectofthisChaptertheemployment
relationshipshallbegovernedbyalabourcontractorbyanappropriateamendmentofthe
labourcontract.
Article238241repealed
ChapterTwelve
LABOURREMUNERATION
SectionI
GENERALPROVISIONS
MandatoryConsiderationforWorkPerformed
Article242
Workperformedunderanemploymentrelationshipshallbecompensated.
Article243repealed

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RighttoEqualRemuneration
Article243
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Womenandmenshallbeentitledtoequalremunerationforthesameorequivalentlabour.
(2)Paragraph(1)shallapplytoallpaymentsundertheemploymentrelationship.
RegulationoftheMinimumLabourRemunerationsandCompensations
Article244
TheCouncilofMinistersshalldecree:
1.theminimumlaboursalaryforthecountry
2.thetypesandminimumamountsoftheadditionallabourremunerationsandcompensationsfor
employmentrelationshipsinsofarastheyhavenotbeendefinedinthisCode.
GuaranteeofPaymentoftheLabourremuneration
Article245
(1)Uponthebonafideperformanceofhisemploymentobligationstheemployeeshallbe
guaranteedamonthlypaymentofalabourremunerationequaltotheminimummonthlylabour
salarydecreedforthecountry.
(2)Thedifferencetothefullamountofthelabourremunerationshallremainexecutableandshall
bepaidadditionallytogetherwithaninterestequaltothebasicinterestrateforthe
correspondingperiod.
Article246repealed.

SectionII
SYSTEMSOFLABOURREMUNERATION
DeterminationoftheAmountoftheLabourRemuneration
Article247
(1)Theamountofthelabourremunerationshallbedeterminedinaccordancewiththedurationof
workortheresultsofwork.
(2)Theamountofthelabourremunerationforaproducedunit(labournorm)shallbeagreed
uponbytheemployeeandtheemployerandmaynotbelessthantheoneprovidedinthe
collectiveagreement.
Article248repealed.
Article249repealed.
SettingandRevisingLabourNorms
Article250
(1)Labournormsshallbesetwithaviewtoestablishanormalintensityofwork.
(2)Labournormsshallbesetandrevisedbytheemployerafterobtainingtheopinionofthe
interestedemployees.
Article251256repealed.

SectionIII
ADDITIONALANDOTHERLABOURREMUNERATIONS
Article257repealed.
Article258repealed.
LabourRemunerationforInternalSubstitution
Article259
(1)Whereanemployeeshallperformthejoborworkofanabsentemployeeheshallbeentitled
totherightsofthisjoborwork,includingthelabourremunerationifitprovesmorefavourable
forhim.Ifatthesametimeheisperforminghisworkorjobheshallbeentitledtoanadditional
labourremunerationagreeduponbythepartiestotheemploymentrelationship.
(2)Anemployeewhosepositionisdeputytotheabsentemployeemaynotavailhimselfofthe
rightsoftheprecedingparagraph.
(3)Substitutionpursuanttoparagraph1shallbecarriedoutwiththeconsentoftheemployerand
theemployeeinwriting.Lackofconsentinwritingshallnotbeanimpedimentfortheemployee
toreceivethesubstitutionremuneration.
LabourRemunerationforExternalAdditionalWork
Article260
Anemployeewhoperformsexternaladditionalworkshallbeentitledtothefullamountofthe
labourremunerationforhisbasicworkandaremunerationfortheexternaladditionalworkin
accordancewiththeagreementbetweentheparties.
RemunerationforNightWork
Article261

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Nightworkshallbepaidwithanincreaseagreeduponbythepartiestotheemployment
relationship,butnotlessthantheamountssetbytheCouncilofMinisters.
RemunerationforOvertimeWork
Article262
(1)Overtimeworkperformedshallberemuneratedwithanincreaseagreeduponbythe
employeeandtheemployerbutnotlessthan:
1.50percentforworkonworkingdays
2.75percentforworkonweekends
3.100percentforworkonofficialholidays
4.50percentforworkwithanaccumulatedcalculationoftheworkingtime.
(2)Wherethereisnootherprovisiontheincreaseinaccordancewiththeprecedingparagraph
shallbecalculatedonthebasisofthelabourremunerationsetinthelabourcontract.
RemunerationforOvertimeWorkincaseofOpenEndedWorkDay
Article263
(1)Noadditionallabourremunerationshallbepaidforovertimeworkonworkingdaysto
employeeswithopenendedworkday.
(2)Overtimeworkperformedbyemployeeswithopenendedworkdayonweekendsandofficial
holidaysshallberemuneratedpursuanttoArticle262,para1,subparagraph2and3.
LabourRemunerationforWorkonOfficialHolidays
Article264
Workonofficialholidays,irrespectiveofwhetheritrepresentsovertimeworkornot,shallbe
remuneratedpursuanttotheagreement,butnotlessthanthedoubleamountofthelabour
remuneration.
Article265repealed.
LabourRemunerationincaseofNonfulfillmentoftheLabourNorms
Article266
(1)Anemployeewhofailstofulfilhislabournormsthroughnofaultofhisshallberemunerated
accordingtotheoutput,butnotlessthantheagreedremunerationforfulloutput.
(2)Incaseofnonfulfillmentofthelabournormsthroughtheemployee'sfaultheshallbe
remuneratedaccordingtotheoutput.
LabourRemunerationincaseofStoppageandProductionNecessity
Article267
(1)Theemployeeshallbeentitledtohisgrosslabourremunerationforstoppagethroughnofault
ofhis.
(2)Anemployeeshallreceivenolabourremunerationforthedurationofaworkstoppagecaused
throughafaultofhis.
(3)Forthetimeofperformingotherworkduetoproductionnecessitytheemployeeshallbe
entitledtothelabourremunerationfortheworkperformed,butnotlessthanthegrosslabour
remunerationforhisbasicwork.
LabourRemunerationforLowQualityOutput
Article268
(1)Incaseofoutputofentirelyunfitproductsthroughthefaultoftheemployeeheshallreceive
noremuneration.
(2)Whenthroughthefaultoftheemployeetheproductsconformpartiallytotherequiredquality
standards(partialwaste),theamountofhislabourremunerationshallbereducedinaccordance
withthefitnessoftheproducts.
(3)Incaseofoutputofunfitproductsnotthroughafaultoftheemployeethelattershallbe
entitledtoalabourremunerationequaltotheremunerationforfitproducts.

SectionIV
PAYMENTOFLABOURREMUNERATION
PaymentinCashandInKind
Article269
(1)Labourremunerationshallbepaidincash.
(2)Additionallabourremunerationsorpartofthemmaybepaidinkindifthisisprovidedinan
actoftheCouncilofMinisters,inacollectiveagreementorinthelabourcontract.
PlaceandPeriodsofPayment
Article270
(1)Labourremunerationshallbepaidattheenterprisewheretheworkhasbeenperformed.
(2)Labourremunerationshallbepaidinadvanceorasfinalpaymenttwiceamonth,unless
otherwiseagreed.

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(3)Labourremunerationshallbepaidtotheemployeeinpersonfromapayrolloragainst
receiptor,uponarequestbytheemployeeinwriting,tohisrelatives.Uponarequestinwriting
oftheemployeehislabourremunerationshallbedepositedinabankchosenbyhim.
ReceivingLabourRemunerationinGoodFaith
Article271
(1)Theemployeeshallnotbeobligedtorepaythelabourremunerationandcompensationhehas
receivedpursuanttoanemploymentrelationshipingoodfaith.
(2)Theofficialsatfaultwhohaveorderedorauthorizedpaymentwithoutgroundsofthesums
undertheprecedingparagraphshallbearfinancialliability.
DeductionsfromLabourRemuneration
Article272
(1)Withouttheconsentoftheemployeenodeductionshallbemadeofhislabourremuneration
exceptfor:
1.advancepaymentsreceived
2.excessivesumsreceivedduetotechnicalerror
3.taxesdeductiblefromthelabourremunerationinaccordancewithspecificlaws
4.assurancecontributionsontheexpenseoftheemployeewhoisassuredforalltheassurance
events(inforceasfrom01.03.1996)
5.attachmentsinaccordancewithestablishedprocedures
6.deductionsinthecaseofArticle210,para4.
(2)Thetotalamountofthemonthlydeductionsundertheprecedingparagraphshallnotexceed
theamountsetforthintheCivilProcedureCode.
ChapterThirteen
SAFEANDHEALTHYCONDITIONSOFWORK
Article273repealed.
Article274repealed.
ObligationToProvideSafeandHealthyConditionsofWork.
Article275
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployershallbeobligedtoensurehealthyandsafe
conditionsofworksothatanydangerforthelifeandhealthoftheemployeeshallbeeliminated,
restrictedormitigated.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)TheGovernmentexecutivebodiesshallimplement,withinthe
frameworkoftheirauthority,theGovernmentpolicyforensuringhealthyandsafeconditionsof
work.
NormativeActs,UniformandSectorialRules
Article276
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)TheMinisterofLabourandSocialPolicyshallissue,onhisown
ortogetherwithotherministers,actsforensuringhealthyandsafeconditionsofwork.Shouldit
benecessary,theMinisterofLabourandSocialPolicyshalldeterminethebodiesand
organizationsthatwillparticipateinthedraftingofsuchacts.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)TheMinisterofLabourandSocialPolicyandtheMinisterof
Healthshall,ontheirownorjointly,approveuniformrulesforensuringhealthyandsafe
conditionsofwork,whichshallapplytoallsectorsandactivities.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)TheministersandtheotherGovernmentexecutivebodies
underArticle19,paragraph(4)oftheAdministrationActshallapprovesectorialrulesfor
ensuringhealthyandsafeconditionsofworkintheenterprisesoftherelevantsectors.
(4)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
(5)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
(6)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theordersforapprovaloftherulesunderparagraphs(2)and
(3)shallbepromulgatedintheStateGazetteandtherulesshallbeissuedbytherespective
approvingbody.
RulesinEnterprises
Article277
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployershallworkoutandendorserulesforensuring
safeandhealthyconditionsofworkintheenterprise,whichmaynotcontravenethenormative
requirements.
(2)Therulesundertheprecedingparagraphshallbedisplayedinanappropriatemanneratthe
workingplaces.
ResponsibilitiesintheDesignandConstructionProcess
Article278
(RepealedSG,No.25/2001)

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RequirementstoMachinesandEquipmentManufacturedAbroad
Article279
(RepealedSG,No.25/2001)
CommissioningofProjects
Article280
(RepealedSG,No.25/2001)
InstructionandTraining
Article281
(1)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Allemployeesshallbeinstructedandtrainedinthesafemethodsof
work.
(2)Employeesengagedinuse,servicingandmaintenanceofmachinesandothertechnical
equipment,aswellasemployeesengagedinactivitiescreatingathreattotheirhealthandlife
shallreceivemandatoryinstructionandtrainingandshallpassanexaminationontherulesof
safeandhealthyconditionsofwork.
(3)Hazardousmachines,equipmentandtechnologicalprocessesshallbeservicedonlyby
competentemployees.Theircompetenceshallbecertifiedbyspecialregulations.Thelistof
hazardousequipmentandactivitiesshallbeapprovedbytherespectiveadministrativebodies.
(4)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Nopersonswithoutthenecessaryknowledgeandskills
providedbytherulesforsafeandhealthyconditionsofworkshallbeadmittedtoworkinthe
enterprise.
(5)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployershallbeboundtoorganizeperiodictrainingof
theemployeesonrulesforensuringsafeandhealthyconditionsofworkaccordingtotermsand
proceduressetforthbyOrdinanceoftheMinisterofLabourandSocialPolicy.
ObligationsToProvideSanitationandMedicalService
Article282
Theemployershallbeobligedtoprovidesanitaryandmedicalservicetoemployeesin
accordancewiththesanitarynormsandrequirements.
RefusaloftheEmployeetoPerformanAssignment
Article283
Anemployeeshallhavetherighttorefuseperformanceortostopworkwhenaseriousand
immediatehazardarisesforhislifeandhealth,informingwithoutdelayhisimmediatemanager.
Inthesecasesthecontinuationofworkshallbepermittedonlyaftertheeliminationofthe
hazard,upontheorderoftheemployerortheimmediatemanager.
SpecialWorkClothesandPersonalProtectiveMeans
Article284
(1)Theemployershallprovidefreeofchargespecialworkclothesandpersonalprotectivemeans
totheemployeeswhoworkwithorathazardousmachines,equipment,liquids,gases,melted
metals,heatedobjectsandthelike.
(2)Theemployeesshallbeobligedtousespecialworkclothesandpersonalprotectivemeans
onlyinaccordancewiththeirfunctions,theusebeingconfinedonlyduringworkinghours.
(3)Thetermsandproceduresforprovidingspecialworkclothesandpersonalprotectivemeans,
aswellastheirtype,shallbedeterminedbytheMinisterofLabourandSocialpolicyandthe
MinisterofHealth.
FreePreventiveMealsandAntiToxins
Article285
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Employeesengagedinproductionrelatedtohealthhazardouseffectsshallreceiveatthe
expenseoftheemployerfreepreventivemeals,antitoxinsandothermeansneutralizingthe
harmfuleffectsoftheworkingenvironment.
(2)Thecategoriesofemployeesenjoyingtherighttofreepreventivemeals,antitoxinsand
othermeanspursuanttotheprecedingparagraphshallbedeterminedonthebasisof
professions,specialitiesandkindsofworkbytheMinisterofLabourandSocialPolicyandthe
MinisterofHealth.
(3)Theexchangeofthespecifiedkindsoffreepreventivemeals,antitoxinsandpersonal
protectionmeans,aswellaspaymentoftheirvalueincash,shallbeprohibited.
TimeLimitationofWorkinaHazardousEnvironment
Article286
(1)Amaximumnumberofyearsshallbedeterminedforworkinparticularlyhazardoustypesof
productionandwork,upontheexpirationofwhichtheemployeeshallbetransferredtoother
suitablework.
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accordancewiththeprecedingparagraphshallbeapprovedbytheCouncilofMinistersupon
proposaloftheMinisterofHealthandtheMinisterofLabourandSocialpolicy.
PeriodicalMedicalCheckUps
Article287
(1)Allemployeesshallbesubjecttomandatoryperiodicalmedicalcheckups.Thefrequencyof
thesecheckupsinaccordancewiththenatureofwork,conditionsoflabourandageofthe
employeesshallbedeterminedbytheMinisterofHealth.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Themedicalcheckupsshallbeonaccountoftheemployer.
(3)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Theemployerandtheofficialsintheenterpriseshallbeboundto
keepinconfidencetheinformationfromthemedicalcheckupsoftheemployees.
DataonSafeandHealthyConditionsofLabour
Article288
Theemployershallbeobligedtoestablishannuallythedataonthesafeandhealthyconditions
ofworkinhisenterpriseinaccordancewithindividualindicesandthroughaproceduretobe
determinedbytheMinistryofLabourandSocialpolicyandtheMinistryofHealth.
PreventionandRecordingofLabourAccidentsandDiseases
Article289
(1)Theemployershalltakemeasuresforthepreventionandreductionofoccupationalinjuries
andofgeneralandprofessionalillness.
(2)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
LegalRegulationofOccupationalInjuriesandIllnesses
Article290
Occupationalinjuriesandgeneralandprofessionalillnesses,aswellasthemanneroftheir
registrationandeffects,shallbegovernedbyaspeciallaw.
ChapterFourteen
SOCIALANDCULTURALSERVICESINTHEENTERPRISE
Article291repealed.
Financing
Article292
Thesocialandculturalservicesintheenterpriseshallbefinancedbytheemployerandbyother
sources.
DistributionandUseoftheFunds
Article293
(1)Themannerofallocationofthefundsforsocialandculturalservicesshallbedecidedbythe
generalmeetingofemployees.
(2)Thefundsforsocialandculturalservicesshallnotbedivertedandusedforotherpurposes.
FulfillmentofSocialandCulturalNecessities
Article294
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployermayindependentlyorjointlywithotherbodiesand
organizations,providetotheemployees:
1.organizedmealsinaccordancewithrationalnormsandthespecificconditionsofwork
2.commercialandpublicservicesbybuildingandmaintainingcommercialshopsandservice
centres
3.transportationfromresidencestotheenterpriseandback
4.facilitiesforshortandlongtermrest,physicalculture,sportsandtourism
5.facilitiesforculturalactivities,clubs,librariesetc.
6.assistancetoyoungandtonewlyappointedemployees
7.meetingofothersocialandculturalneeds.
Article295repealed.
WorkingClothesandUniforms
Article296
(1)Theemployershallprovidetotheemployeesworkingclothesanduniformsundertermsand
conditionstobeapprovedbytheCouncilofMinistersorlaiddowninthecollectiveagreement.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Theemployeesshallbeobligedtoweartheworkingclothesor
uniformsduringworkinghoursandkeepthemaspropertyoftheemployer.
HousingandWorkersHostels
Article297
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployermaymakeeffortstoprovidehousingtothe
employeesandtheirfamiliesbyusingresourcesfromhisfundssetasidespeciallyforthe
purpose.
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agreement.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployermaybuildwithhisownresourcesandmaintain
workers'hostels.
Article298repealed.
CarefortheEmployees'Families
Article299
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployershallprovideassistanceforplacingthe
employees'childreninchildcareestablishmentsbymaintaining,buildingortakingpartinthe
buildingandmaintainingofsuchestablishmentswithhisownresourcesorjointlywithother
employersandthemunicipalcouncils.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theemployershallplaceatthedisposaloftheemployees'
childrentheavailablefacilitiesforrest,physicalculture,sportsandtourism,youthandcultural
activities.
3)Thesocialfundsandtheformsofsocialservicesshallbeusedalsobytheemployee'sfamilies
upondecisionofthegeneralmeeting(meetingofproxies)andinconformitywiththecollective
agreement.
CareForRetiredFormerEmployees.
Article300
Uponthedecisionofthegeneralmeetingoftheemployeesthesocialfundsandtheformsof
socialservicesshallbeusedalsobypensionershavingworkedwiththesameemployer.

ChapterFifteen
SPECIALPROTECTIONFORSOMECATEGORIESOFEMPLOYEES
SectionI
SPECIALPROTECTIONFORTHEADOLESCENTS
Article301
(1)Theminimumageforemploymentshallbe16.Theemploymentofpersonsunder16yearsof
ageisprohibited.
(2)Asanexceptionpersonsbetween15and16yearsofagemaybeemployedtoperformwork
ofeasynatureandnotdangerousorharmfultotheirhealthandtotheirproperphysical,mental
andmoraldevelopment.
(3)Asanexceptionthecircusesmayrecruitonstudentjobsgirls,whohaveturned14yearsof
ageandboys,whohaveturned13,and,fortheparticipationinshootingoffilms,inthe
preparationandgivingtheatricalandotherperformances,personsunder15yearsofagemay
berecruitedundereasierconditionsandinconformitywiththerequirementsfortheirproper
physical,mentalandmoraldevelopment.Thelabourtermsinthesecasesshallbedetermined
bytheCouncilofMinisters.
EmploymentofPersonsUnder16YearsofAge
Article302
(1)Personsunder16shallbeemployedafterathoroughmedicalexaminationandamedical
rulingthattheyarefittoperformtherespectivejobandthatitwouldnotimpairtheirproper
physicalandmentaldevelopment.
(2)Personsunder16shallbeemployeduponpermissionoftheLabourInspectorateineach
separatecase.
EmploymentofPersonsbetween16and18YearsofAge
Article303
(1)Employmentofpersonsbetween16and18yearsofageinheavy,harmfulanddangerous
jobsshallbeprohibited.
(2)Personsbetween16and18yearsofageshallbeemployedafterathoroughpreliminary
medicalexaminationandamedicalrulingwhichcertifiestheirfitnesstoperformtherespective
work.
(3)Personsbetween16and18yearsofageshallbeemployeduponpermissionoftheLabour
Inspectorateineachseparatecase.
EmploymentofPersonsUnder18YearsofAge
Article304
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Prohibitedforunderagepersonsshallbejobswhichare:
1.beyondtheirphysicalormentalcapacity
2.relatedtoexposuretoharmfulphysical,biologicalorchemicaleffects,andinparticularto
toxins,cancerogenesandagentscausinghereditarygeneticorintrauterineimpairments
3.relatedtohazardswhichcausecontinuousdetrimentaleffectsonhumanhealthinanyother

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way
4.exposedtoradiation
5.atextremelyloworhightemperatures,noiseorvibration
6.relatedtoriskofoccupationalaccidents,whichtheunderagepersonspresumablyareunaware
ofbecauseoftheirphysicalormentaladolescence.
(2)Thelistofjobsunderparagraph(1),aswellasjobstowhichpersonsfrom15to16yearsof
agecouldbeadmittedasanexception,shallbeissuedbytheMinisterofLabourandSocial
Policy.
ParticularCareforAdolescents
Article305
(1)Theemployershalltakespecialcarefortheworkofpersonsunder18byprovidingalleviated
workingconditionsandopportunitiestoacquireprofessionalqualificationandtoraisethe
qualificationlevel.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Theemployershallbeboundtoinformtheunderageemployeesand
theirparentsorguardiansabouttheeventualrisksonthejobandaboutthemeasurestakento
ensurehealthyandsafeconditionsofwork.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Theworkinghoursofemployeesunder18shallbe35working
hoursweeklyand7hoursdailyfor5dayworkweek.
(4)Employeesunder18shallbeentitledtoapaidannualleaveofnotlessthan26workingdays,
includingduringthecalendaryearwhentheyturn18yearsofage.

SectionII
SPECIALPROTECTIONFORWOMEN
Article306repealed
ProhibitionofHeavyandHarmfulWork
Article307
(1)Performancebywomenofworkwhichisheavyorhazardousfortheirhealthandmaternal
functionsisprohibited.
(2)ThelistofjobspursuanttotheprecedingparagraphshallbeapprovedbytheMinisterof
LabourandSocialpolicyandbytheMinisterofHealth.Thelistshallbedulyupdatedin
conformitywithoccurringchangesandshallbereviewedatleastonceevery3years.
Women'sRooms
Article308
Employersemploying20ormorewomenshallprovideroomsforpersonalhygieneofthewomen
androomsforrestofthepregnantasestablishedbytheMinisterofHealth.
JobReassignmentforPregnantandNursingMothers
Article309
(1)Apregnantwomanoranursingmotheremployedatajobunsuitableforherconditionshall
bereassignedtoanotherappropriatejobortothesamejobwithalleviatedconditionson
prescriptionofthehealthauthorities.Priortothecarryingoutoftheprescriptionsheshallbe
relievedoftheobligationtocarryoutworkunsuitableforherconditionandtheemployershall
compensateherintheamountofhergrosslabourremunerationforthemonthprecedingthe
prescription.
(2)Thehealthauthorities'prescriptionshallbemandatoryforthepregnantornursingwomanand
fortheemployer.
(3)Afemaleemployeereassignedtoanotherappropriatejobortothesamejobwithalleviated
workingconditionspursuanttoparagraph1shallreceivelabourremunerationfortheworkdone.
Whenitislowerthanthelabourremunerationforthepreviousworksheshallbeentitledtoa
cashcompensationtotheamountofthedifferencebetweenthelabourremunerationspursuant
toaseparatelaw.
(4)Theemployer,jointlywiththehealthauthorities,shallannuallydesignatepositionsandjobs
suitableforpregnantwomenandnursingmothers.
ProhibitionforBusinessTravel
Article310
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Theemployermaynotsendonbusinesstravelpregnantwomen.
(2)Theemployermaynotsendonbusinesstravelmothersofchildrenunder3yearsofage
withouttheirconsentinwriting.
Article311repealed
WorktobedoneatHome
Article312

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(1)Afemaleemployeewhoisamotherofasmallchildshallbeentitledtoworkathomewiththe
sameoranotheremployeruntilthechildreachestheageof6.
(2)Whereafemaleemployeeundertheprecedingparagraphisreassignedtoworkathomewith
thesameemployer,heshallprovideuponceasingoftheworkathome,butnotlaterthan
reachingoftheageof6bythechild,thejobperformedbeforereassignmentathome,andifthe
jobhasbeeneliminated,anotherjobwithherconsent.
(3)Wherethefemaleemployeeunderparagraph1beginsworkathomewithanotheremployer,
heremploymentrelationshipwiththeemployerwithwhomshehadworkedpriortoher
reassignmentshallnotbeterminated,butsheshallbegivenunpaidleave.Whensheceasesto
workathome,butnotlaterthanreachingoftheageof6bythechild,theunpaidleaveshallbe
terminated.Ifthejobhasbeeneliminatedtheemployershallprovidewithherconsentanother
job.
UseofMother'sRightsbytheFather
Article313
TherightsofthemotherpursuanttoArticle310and312maybeusedbythefatherifthemother
isnotinapositiontousethem.

SectionIII
SPECIALPROTECTIONOFPERSONSWITHPARTIALINCAPACITY
GroundsforReassignment
Article314
Anemployeewhoafteranillnessoroccupationalaccidentisnotabletocontinuewithhisformer
job,butwhoisabletoperformwithnoharmtohishealthanothersuitablejoborthesamejob
underalleviatedconditions,shallbereassignedtoanotherjobortothesamejobwithalleviated
conditionsuponprescriptionofthehealthauthorities.
JobsbyReassignment
Article315
(1)(AmendedSG,No.2/1996)Anemployerwithmorethan50employeesshallprovide
annuallyjobssuitableforreassignmentofpartiallyincapacitatedpersons,theirnumberbeing4
to10percentofthetotalnumberofjobsdependingontheeconomicsector.
(2)Theportionofthetotalnumberofemployeesundertheprecedingparagraphbyeconomic
sectorsshallbespecifiedbytheMinisterofLabourandSocialpolicy.
SpecializedEnterprisesandWorkshopsforPartiallyIncapacitatedPersons
Article316
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)(AmendedSG,No.2/1996)TheMinisters,theheadsofotheragenciesandthemunicipal
councilsshallsetupspecialstate(municipal)enterprises,andtheemployerswithmorethan300
employeesshallsetupworkshopsandotherunitsdesignedforpartiallyincapacitatedpersons.
(2)Theactivitiesofthespecializedenterprises,workshopsandunitsunderthepreceding
paragraphshallbeplannedandaccountedforseparately,andtheemployeesworkingthereshall
enjoyspecialrulesforoutputrates,accountingandlabourremunerationunderaproceduretobe
determinedbytheCouncilofMinisters.
ReassignmentofPartiallyIncapacitatedEmployees
Article317
(1)Thenecessityofreassignmentofthepartiallydisabledemployeetoanothersuitablejoborto
thesamejobwithalleviatedworkingconditions,thecharacteroftheworkdone,thework
conditionsandtheperiodofreassignmentshallbesetinaccordancewithaprescriptionofthe
healthauthorities.
(2)Thereassignmentprescriptionissuedbythehealthauthoritiesshallobligetheemployeenot
toperformthejobfromwhichheshallbereassignedandtheemployernottoadmithimtothis
job.
(3)Theemployershallreassigntheemployeetoasuitableworkinaccordancewiththe
prescriptionofthehealthauthoritieswithin7daysofitsreceipt.
(4)Failuretoperformtheprescriptionofthehealthauthoritiesbytheemployershallobligehim
tocompensatetheemployeeinaccordancewithArticle217.
Article318repealed.
PaidAnnualLeave
Article319
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Employeeswithlossofworkingcapacityof50%andmorethan
50%shallbeentitledtoapaidannualleaveofnotlessthan26workingdays.
LabourRemuneration

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Article320
(1)AnemployeewhoisreassignedinaccordancewiththisSectionshallberemuneratedforthe
workdone.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Anemployeewithlossofworkingcapacitylessthan50%who
isreassignedforafixedperiodandwhoreceivesathisnewjoblowerlabourremunerationthan
theremunerationfortheformerjobshallbeentitledtoacashcompensationforthedifference
betweenremunerationsinaccordancewithaseparatelaw.
Article321repealed.
SectionIV
Article322324repealed.
ChapterSixteen
TERMINATIONOFEMPLOYMENTRELATIONSHIP
SectionI
TERMINATIONOFEMPLOYMENTCONTRACT
GeneralGroundsforTerminationofContractofEmployment
Article325
Acontractofemploymentshallbeterminatedwithoutnoticeduefromeitherpartyinthe
followingcases:
1.Bymutualconsentoftheparties,expressedinwriting.Thepartytowhichtheproposalis
addressedshallinformtheotherpartyofitspositionwithin7daysofreceiptoftheproposal.
Failuretodososhallbedeemedrefusaltoaccepttheproposal
2.Whenthedismissalofanemployeeisfoundunlawful,orheisreinstatedtohispreviousjobby
rulingofthecourt,buthedoesnotreporttoworkwithinthetermstipulatedunderArticle345,
para1
3.Uponexpiryofthecontractualterm
4.Untilthecompletionofsomespecifiedwork
5.Uponreturnofthesubstitutedemployeetowork
6.Whenapositionislistedtobeoccupiedbyapregnantemployeeoranemployeereassigned
forrehabilitation,andacandidateentitledtothatpositionappears
7.repealed
8.Upontheappointmentofanemployeewhohasbeenelectedorhaspassedacompetitive
examinationfortheposition
9.Incaseofinabilityoftheemployeetoperformtheassignedjobbecauseofillnessresultingin
permanentdisability(invalidism),orbecauseofhealthcontraindicationsestablishedbyanexpert
medicalcommission.Insuchacasethecontractofemploymentshallnotbeterminated
whenevertheemployercanprovideanotherjob,suitabletotheemployee'shealthstatus,and
heconsentstoperformit
10.Uponthedeathofthepersonwithwhomtheemployeehasconcludedacontractof
employmentwithconsiderationtohispersonality
11.Uponthedeathoftheemployee.
12.(New,SGNo.67/1999)Whenapositionislistedtobeoccupiedbyastateemployee.
TerminationofContractofEmploymentbyEmployeebyNotice
Article326
(1)Anemployeemayterminateacontractofemploymentbygivingtheemployeranoticein
writing.
(2)Thenoticeperiodforterminationofanemploymentcontractofunlimiteddurationshallbe30
days,unlessalongerperiodhasbeenagreedbytheparties,butnotlongerthan3months.The
noticeperiodforterminationofanemploymentcontractofanindefiniteperiodshallbe3
months,butnotmorethantheremainingperiodofthecontract.
(3)Employeesaccountableforassets,wheneverunabletohandovertheassetswithinthe30day
periodunderpara2,shallhavethatperiodextended,butbynomorethan2months,including
thenoticeperiod.
(4)Thenoticeperiodshallbeginonthedayfollowingreceiptofthenotice.Anoticeshallbe
consideredwithdrawnupontheemployee'srequesttodosobeforeoratthetimeofitsreceipt.
Withtheconsentoftheemployer,anoticemayalsobewithdrawnbeforetheperiodhasexpired.
(5)repealed.
TerminationEmploymentContractbyEmployeeWithoutNotice
Article327
Anemployeemayterminatehisemploymentcontractinwritingwithoutnotice,inthefollowing
circumstances:
1.Shouldhebeunabletoperformtheassignedjobbecauseofillness,andshouldtheemployer

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failtoprovidehimwithsuitableworkaspertheprescriptionofthemedicalauthorities
2.Shouldtheemployerdelaythepaymentofremunerationorcompensationpursuanttothis
Codeorforsocialsecurity
3.Shouldtheemployerchangetheplaceorcharacterofworkortheagreedremuneration,
exceptincaseswhereentitledtomakesuchchanges,andalsoshouldhefailtomeetother
obligations,stipulatedintheemploymentcontractorthecollectiveagreement,orestablishedby
anormativeact
4.Shouldheassumeapaidelectiveofficeorbeginresearchworkonthebasisofacompetitive
examination
5.Shouldhebeenlistedforregularmilitaryservice.Shouldanemployee,calledupformilitary
service,bepostponedorreleasedfromregularmilitaryservice,athisrequesthiscontractof
employmentshallbeconsiderednotterminatedifwithin1monthofthepostponementor
release,butnotlaterthan3monthsafterleavingwork,heshouldreportbacktowork
6.Shouldhecontinuehiseducationasaregularstudentataneducationalestablishment,orasa
studentforPh.D.
7.Shouldhebeemployedasasubstituteforanabsentemployeeandtakeupemployment
elsewhereunderacontractofemploymentforanindefiniteterm
8.Shouldhebereinstatedintheestablishedmannertoworkasaresultoffindinghisdismissal
unlawful,inordertoperformtheworktowhichheisreinstated.
9.(New,SGNo.67/1999)Shouldhebecomeastateemployee.
TerminationofContractofEmploymentbyEmployerwithNotice
Article328
(1)Anemployermayterminateacontractofemploymentbygivinganoticeinwritingtothe
employeeinobservanceofthetermsofArticle326,para2,inthefollowingcases:
1.Closingdownoftheenterprise
2.Partialclosingdownoftheenterpriseorstaffcuts
3.Reductionofthevolumeofwork
4.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Workstoppageformorethan15workdays
5.Whenanemployeelacksthequalitiesforefficientworkperformance
6.Whenanemployeedoesnothavethenecessaryeducationorvocationaltrainingforthe
assignedwork
7.Whenanemployeerefusestofollowanenterpriseoradivisionthereof,inwhichheis
employed,whenitisrelocatedtoanothercommunityorlocality
8.Whenthepositionoccupiedbytheemployeeshouldbevacatedforreinstatementofan
unlawfullydismissedemployee,whohadpreviouslyoccupiedthesameposition
9.Shouldtheoccupiedpositionbevacatedduetothereturnofanemployee,whohasbeen
releasedaheadofscheduleorpostponedfromregularmilitaryservice,andhadpreviously
occupiedthesameposition
10.(AmendedSG,Nos.2&28/199625/2001)Whenanemployeehasbecomeeligiblefor
retirementforlengthofservicecoveredbysocialsecurityandage,andforProfessors,Associate
ProfessorsandSeniorResearchAssistantsIandIIdegreeandAcademicDoctorsupon
completionof68yearsofage
11.Whentherequirementsforthejobhavebeenchangedandtheemployeedoesnotqualifyfor
it
12.Whenitisobjectivelyimpossibletoimplementthecontractofemployment.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Inadditiontothecasesunderpara1enterprisemanagement
employeesmaybedismissedbyadvancenoticeasperthetermsunderArticle326,para2,and
byreasonofconclusionofanenterprisemanagementcontract.Thedismissalmaybeeffected
afterthestartofthemanagementcontract,butnotlaterthan9months.
TerminationofanEmploymentContractwithPersonsinManagementPositions
Article328bis
(RepealedSG,No.2/1996)
TerminationofanEmploymentContractwithPersonsWorkingintheFieldofCulture
Article328ter
(RepealedSG,No.2/1996)
RighttoSelection
Article329
Incaseofpartialclosingdownofanenterprise,aswellasincaseofstaffcutsorreductionofthe
volumeofwork,theemployershallbeentitledtoselectionandintheinterestofproductionor
businessmaydismissemployeeswhosepositionshavenotbeenmaderedundant,inorderto
retainemployeesofhigherqualificationsandbetterperformance.

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(2)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
(3)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
(4)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
TerminationofEmploymentContractbyEmployerWithoutNotice
Article330
(1)Anemployermayterminatewithoutnoticeanemploymentcontractofanemployeewhohas
beendetainedforexecutionofasentence.
(2)Anemployershallterminateanemploymentcontractwithoutnoticeinthefollowingcases:
1.Wheneveranemployeehasbeendivestedbysentenceofthecourtorbyanadministrative
orderoftherighttopracticeaprofessionortooccupythepositiontowhichhehasbeen
appointed
2.Wheneveranemployeeisdivestedofhisacademictitleoracademicdegree,ifthecontractof
employmenthasbeenconcludedinviewofhisholdingtherespectivetitleordegree
3.(New,SGNo.83/1998)TheemployeehasbeendeletedfromtheregistersoftheBulgarian
UnionofMedicalDoctorsandtheUnionofDentistsinBulgariapursuanttotheProfessional
OrganizationsofMedicalDoctorsandDentistsAct.
4.Wheneveranemployeeisdivestedoftherighttoinhabitthecommunityinwhichhehasbeen
employed,orheisresettledinacompulsorymannerinanothercommunityasprovidedbythe
law
5.Wheneveranemployeerefusestotakeasuitablejobofferedtohimincaseofmedically
prescribedreassignment
6.Incaseofdisciplinarydismissal.
TerminationofEmploymentContractontheInitiativeoftheEmployerforAgreedCompensation
Article331
(NewSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Theemployermay,onhisowninitiative,proposetotheemployeetoterminatethe
employmentcontractinreturnforcompensation.Wheretheemployeefailstostatehisposition
ontheproposalinwritingwithin7days,theproposalshallbedeemednotaccepted.
(2)Wheretheemployeeacceptstheproposalunderparagraph(1),theemployershallowehim
compensationtotheamountofnotlessthanfourtimesthelastgrosslabourremunerationofthe
employee,unlessthepartieshaveagreedahigheramountofcompensation.
(3)Wherethecompensationunderparagraph(2)hasnotbeenpaidwithinonemonthfollowing
thedateofterminationoftheemploymentcontract,thegroundsforpaymentshallbedeemed
invalid.
Article332repealed.
ProtectionAgainstDismissal
Article333
(1)(Amended,SGNo?.110/199925/2001)InthecasesunderArticle328,para1,items2,3,5
and11andArticle330,para2,item6,anemployermaydismissonlywithpriorconsentofthe
labourinspectorateforeachspecificcase:
1.Pregnantemployees,mothersofchildrenyoungerthan3yearsofage,orspousesofpersons
whohaveenteredtheirregularmilitaryservice
2.Employeeswhohavebeenreassignedduetoreasonsofhealth
3.Employeessufferingfromcertaindiseases,listedinaRegulationoftheMinisterofHealth
4.Employeeswhohavecommencedaperiodofpermittedleave.
(2)Inthecasesunderitems2and3oftheprecedingparagraphpriortodismissaltheopinionof
anexpertmedicalcommissionshouldalsobeconsidered.
(3)(Amended,SGNos.110/1999,25/2001)InthecasesunderArticle328,para1,items2,3,5
and11,andArticle330,para2,item6,anemployermaydismissanemployeewhoisamember
oftheenterprisetradeunionleadershipbelongingtoaterritorial,industrialornationalelected
tradeunionbody,throughouttheperiodofoccupationofthetradeunionpositionandnotearlier
than6monthsafterthat,onlywithpriorconsentofthetradeunionbody,specifiedbydecisionof
thecentralleadershipoftherespectivetradeunionorganization.
(4)Whenprovidedforinthecollectiveagreement,andemployermaydismissanemployeedue
tostaffcutsorreductionofthevolumeofworkafterobtainingapriorconsentfromthe
respectivetradeunionbodyoftheenterprise.
(5)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Afemaleemployeewhousesleaveforpregnancyandchildbirth
maybedismissedonlypursuanttoArticle328,paragraph(1),subparagraph1.
(6)Theprotectionunderthisarticleistowardsthemomentofservingtheorderofdismissal.
TerminationofEmploymentContractforAdditionalWork
Article334

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(1)InadditiontocasesprovidedforbythisCode,anemploymentcontractforadditionalwork
(Articles110,111and114)maybeterminatedbytheemployeeortheemployerwitha15days
notice.
(2)Article333shallnotapplyincaseofdismissalundertheprecedingparagraph.
FormandTimeofTerminationofanEmploymentContract
Article335
(1)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Anemploymentcontractshallbeterminatedinwriting.
(2)Anemploymentcontractshallbeterminated:
1.Uponexpiryofthenoticeperiodincaseofterminationwithnotice
2.Uponexpiryoftherespectivepartofthenoticeperiodincasewheretheperiodhasnotbeen
observed
3.Asfromthedateofreceiptofawrittenstatementforterminationofacontractincaseof
terminationwithoutnotice.
ApplicabilityofProvisionsforTerminationofEmploymentContract
Article336
TheprovisionsofthisSectionshallalsoapplytotheterminationofanemploymentrelationship
resultingfromcompetitiveexamination.
SectionII
TERMINATIONOFEMPLOYMENTRELATIONSHIPS
RESULTINGFROMANELECTION
TerminationofEmploymentRelationshipsResultingfromanElection
Article337
Employmentrelationshipsresultingfromanelectionshallbeterminateduponexpiryoftheterm
forwhichthepersonhasbeenelected.Shouldnonewelectionbeprovideduponexpiryofthe
term,theemploymentrelationshipshallbeextendeduntilsuchelectionisheld.
Recall
Article338
Employmentrelationshipsresultingfromanelectionmaybeterminatedwithoutnoticebythe
respectiveelectoralbody.
ApplicationofProvisionsforTerminationofEmploymentContract
Article339
(1)Thegroundsforterminationofanemploymentcontract,exceptforterminationincaseof
disciplinarydismissal,shallalsoapplymutatismutandisforterminationofemployment
relationshipsresultingfromanelection.
(2)Inthecasesundertheprecedingparagraph,whereforterminationofanemployment
relationshipabindingstatementbytheemployerisrequired,itshallbesubstitutedforbya
decisionoftheelectoralbody.
NonapplicationofProtectionAgainstDismissal
Article339bis
Article333shallnotapplytoterminationofanemploymentrelationshipresultingfroman
election.
TerminationofanElectionEmploymentRelationshipbyReasonofOtherNormativeActsorBy
laws
Article340
TheprovisionsofthisSectionshallapplyinsofarasalaw,anotherregulationorabylawdonot
provideotherwise.

SectionIII
Articles341343repealed.
SectionIV
PROTECTIONAGAINSTUNLAWFULDISMISSAL
ContestofLawfulnessofDismissal
Article344
(1)Anemployeeshallbeentitledtocontestthelawfulnessofdismissalbeforetheemployerorin
acourtanddemand:
1.Recognitionofdismissalasunlawfulanditsrepeal
2.Reinstatementtohispreviousposition
3.Compensationfortheperiodofunemploymentduetodismissal
4.Revisionofthegroundsfordismissal,enteredinhisservicerecordorotherdocuments.
(2)Onhisowninitiativeanemployermaycancelanorderofdismissalpriortothebringingofthe
actionbeforethecourtbytheemployee.
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(3)Incaseswherefordismissalapriorconsentofthelabourinspectorateoratradeunionbody
isrequired,andnosuchconsenthasbeenaskedfororgivenbeforethedismissal,thecourt
shallcanceltheorderofdismissalasunlawfulonthesegroundsonly,withoutconsideringthe
meritsofthelabourdispute.
(4)(NewSG,No.2/1996)Labourdisputesunderparagraph(1)shallbeconsideredbythe
districtcourtwithinthreemonthsfollowingthereceiptoftheclaimandbytheregionalcourt
withinonemonthfollowingthereceiptoftheappeal.
ReinstatementtothePreviousPosition
Article345
(1)Followingthereinstatementoftheemployeetohispreviouspositionbytheemployerora
courthemayassumethepositionprovidedhereportstoworkwithin2weeksofreceiptofthe
reinstatementnotice,unlessthistermbeexceededforvalidreasonsonly.
(2)AnemployeedismissedpursuanttoArticle330,para1,shallbereinstatedtohisprevious
positionpursuanttotheprecedingparagraphonthegroundsofaverdictofacquittalwhichisin
effect.
EnteringtheAnnulmentoftheDismissal
Article346
(1)Shouldtheemployee'sdismissalbefoundtobeunlawfulbytheemployeroracourt,or
shouldthegroundsforterminationofanemploymentrelationshipberevised,therevisionsshall
beenteredintheservicerecordoftheemployee.
(2)Theentryintheservicerecordshallbemadebytheemployerwhoterminatedthe
employmentrelationshipshouldtheemployerrefusetodosotheentryshallbemadebythe
labourinspectorate.
(3)
ChapterSeventeen
SERVICERECORDANDLENGTHOFSERVICE
SectionI
SERVICERECORD
Purpose
Article347
Theservicerecordisanofficialdocumentcertifyingofcircumstancesenteredthereinrelatedto
thelabouractivitiesoftheemployee.
Presentation,IssueandKeeping
Article348
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
(1)Uponenteringintoemployment,theemployeeshallbeobligedtopresenthisservicerecord
totheemployer.
(2)Whereanemployeeentersintoemploymentforthefirsttimetheemployershallbeobligedto
providehimwithaservicerecordwithin5daysfromstartingwork.Theemployeeshallverifyby
hispassportorbyadeclarationthatthisishisfirsteveremployment.
(3)Theservicerecordshallbekeptbytheemployee,whoshallbeobligedtopresentittothe
employeruponrequest,aswellasforentryofnewcircumstancestherein.
Contents
Article349
(1)Thefollowingdataabouttheemployeeshallbeenteredintheservicerecord:
1.Name,dateandplaceofbirth
2.Address
3.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)NumberofpersonalIDcardoranotheridentificationdocument
andcivilIDnumber
4.Education,profession,specialty
5.Positionoccupiedandorganizationalunitwhereemployed(department,workshop,office)
6.Agreedremuneration
7.Dateofstartingwork
8.Dateandgroundsforterminationofemploymentrelationship(article,paragraph,itemand
letterunderthisCode)
9.Durationofperiodrecognizedaslengthofservice,aswellasperiodnotrecognizedaslength
ofservice
10.Compensationspaiduponterminationofemploymentrelationship
11.NoticesofattachmentsprovidedbyArticle395,para4oftheCivilProcedureCode.
(3)Theemployershallenterpreciselyandontimethedatalistedundertheprecedingparagraph
andanychangestherein.
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RecordofDismissalandRestorationofLostServiceRecord
Article350
(1)Uponterminationoftheemploymentrelationshiptheemployershallenterintheservice
recordthedatarelevanttotheterminationandsubmittherecordimmediatelytotheemployee.
(2)Whereaservicerecordhasbeenlostbyfaultoftheemployer,uponrequestoftheemployee
anewservicerecordshallbeissuedbytherespectivelabourinspectorate.Insuchcasethe
employershallprovidethelabourinspectoratewiththenecessarydatafromprevious
employers.
(3)Whereaservicerecordhasbeenlostbytheemployee,thelabourinspectorateshallissuea
newservicerecordbasedonveritabledataprovidedbytheemployee.
SectionII
LENGTHOFSERVICE
LengthofServiceUnderEmploymentRelationship
Article351
(Amended,SGNo.67/1999)ForthepurposesofthisCodelengthofserviceshallbethetime
periodduringwhichanemployeehasworkedunderanemploymentrelationship,unless
otherwiseprovidedbythisCodeoranotherlaw,andalsotheperiodduringwhichthepersonhas
beenemployedasastateemployee.
PeriodofEmploymentRelationshipConsideredasLengthofServiceWithoutActualWorkonthe
PartoftheEmployee
Article352
Periodsunderanemploymentrelationshipduringwhichanemployeehasdonenoactualwork
shallberecognizedaslengthofserviceinthefollowingcases:
1.Daysoffandholidays
2.Paidleaveused,regardlessofthegroundsandmodeofpayment
3.Unpaidleaveused,asestablishedbythisCodeorothernormativeacts,wheneverexplicitly
providedfor
4.Unpaidleaveusedbecauseoftemporarydisability
5.Timespentatcourses,schoolsandotherformsofvocationaltrainingandretrainingoffthe
job
6.Periodsthroughoutwhichanemployeehasnotworkedbecauseofunlawfulrefusaltobe
admittedtowork
7.TheperiodofsuspensionfromworkpursuanttoArticle33,paras24,ofthe1951Labour
Codeforacrimecommittedinconnectionwiththeemployee'sjob,iftheemployeehasnotbeen
indictedpursuanttorelevantprocedures
8.TheperiodofsuspensionfromworkpursuanttoArticle33,paras24,ofthe1951Labour
Codeafteranemployeehasbeenindicted,aswellastheperiodofsuspensionfromwork
pursuanttotheprovisionsofthePenalProcedureCode,providedtheemployeehasbeen
acquittedorthecriminalprosecutionhasbeenterminatedonthegroundsthattheemployeehas
notcommittedtheactorthattheactdoesnotconstituteacriminaloffence
9.InothercasesspecifiedbytheCouncilofMinisters.
LengthofServiceUnderaVoidEmploymentRelationship
Article353
Thetimespentatworkpriortothedeclaringofanemploymentrelationshipvoid,providedthe
employeehasactedingoodwillwhenitwascreated,shallberecognizedaslengthofservice.
PeriodsRecognizedasLengthofServiceWithoutanExistingEmploymentRelationship
Article354
Periodsthroughoutwhichnoemploymentrelationshipexistedshallberecognizedaslengthof
serviceinthefollowingcases:
1.Whenanemployeehasbeenunemployedasaresultofdismissalwhichhassubsequentlybeen
foundtobeunlawfulbythecompetentauthoritiesasfromthedateofdismissaltillthedateof
reinstatementtowork
2.Whenanemployeedismissedbecauseofdetentionbytheauthoritieshasremained
unemployedasaresultofthatdismissal,providedhehasnotbeenindicted,hehasbeen
acquittedorthecriminalprosecutionhasbeenterminatedonthegroundsthathehasnot
committedtheactorthattheactdoesnotconstitutedacriminaloffence
3.Whenthepersonhasservedasentenceofimprisonmentwhichhassubsequentlybeenfound
pursuanttoestablishedprocedurestohavebeenimposedwithoutgrounds
4.Whenanemployeetowhomreassignmentduetohealthreasonshasbeenprescribed,ora
pregnantemployee,donotworkduetofailureoftheemployertoprovidesuchemployeeswitha
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5.Whenanemployeehasstayedunemployedbecauseofunlawfuldetentionofhisservice
record
6.Whenamother,afatheroranadoptiveparenthasbeenraisingachildundertheageof3
7.(AmendedSG,No.2/1996)Whenanemployeehasremainedoutofjobandhasreceived
unemploymentbenefitsorhasbeenenrolledinschoolsorcoursesforretraining
8.inothercasesspecifiedbytheCouncilofMinisters.
CalculationofLengthofService
Article355
(1)Thelengthofserviceshallbecalculatedindays,monthsandyears.
(2)Oneday'slengthofserviceshallberecognizedwheneveranemployeehasworkedforat
leastonehalfofthelegallyestablishedworkinghoursforthatdayunderoneorseveral
employmentrelationships.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Onemonth'slengthofserviceshallberecognizedwhenever
throughoutthecalendarmonthanemployeehasworkednotlessthan21daysinafiveday
workingweek.
(4)Asoneyear'slengthofserviceshallberecognized12monthsofservice,calculatedbythe
methodestablishedintheprecedingparagraph.
(5)UnderthisLabourCodethetimeservedinexcessoftheactualtimeservedundera
employmentrelationship,whichshallberecognizedforretirementpensioneligibility,aswellas
theextratimeresultingfromtransformationofworkofonecategoryintoanotherincalculating
anemployee'sretirementeligibility,shallnotberecognizedaslengthofservice.
SubsidiaryLegislation
Article356
TheCouncilofMinistersshallissuearegulationtoimplementthisChapter.

ChapterEighteen
LABOURDISPUTES
Definition
Article357
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Labourdisputesshallbedisputesbetweenanemployeeandan
employeroncreation,existence,implementationandterminationofemploymentrelationships,
aswellasdisputesonimplementationofcollectiveagreementsandascertainmentoflengthof
service.
StatuteofLimitation
Article358
(1)Labourdisputeactionsshallbebroughtwithinthefollowingterms:
1.onemonthfordisputesonlimitedfinancialliabilityofanemployeeandforrepealofthe
administrativesanction"reprimand"
2.(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)twomonthsfordisputesontherepealofthedisciplinary
sanction"dismissalnotice",changesinthelocationandnatureofworkandterminationof
employmentrelationship
3.threeyearsforallotherlabourdisputes.
(2)Theperiodsundertheprecedingparagraphshallcommenceasfollows:
1.foractionstorepealadisciplinarysanctionandonchangesinthelocationandnatureofwork
asfromthedateonwhichtherespectiveorderhasbeenservedontheemployee,andfor
actionsonterminationofanemploymentrelationshipasfromthedateoftermination
2.forotheractionsasfromthedateonwhichtherightsubjectoftheactionhasbecome
executableorexercisable.Forclaimsincashtheexecutabilityshallbeconsideredineffecton
thedateonwhichpaymentshouldhavebeenproperlymade.
(3)Thetermunderpara1shallnotbedeemedexpired,providedpriortoexpirytheactionhas
beenbroughtwithabodynotcompetenttoexamineit.Insuchcasetheactionshallbe
transferredtoacourtonthemotionoftheerroneouslyseizedorgan.
FreeProceedingsinLabourCases
Article359
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Proceedingsinlabourcasesshallbefreeofchargeforemployees.
Theyshallnotpayfeesandexpensesforproceedings,includingforapplicationsforrepealof
effectiverulingsonlabourcases.
Jurisdiction
Article360
(1)Labourdisputesshallbereviewedbythecourts.Theyshallbereviewedpursuanttotherules
oftheCivilProcedureCode,unlessotherwiseprovidedbythisCode.

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(2)(AmendedSG,Nos.2/199625/2001)Thecourtsshallnotreviewdisputesondismissalof:
1.electedemployeesofbodiesoftheexecutive,ofpublicorganizationsandofpoliticalparties
andmovements
2.employeesunderArticle28,paragraph(2)oftheAdministrationAct.
JurisdictionoverLabourDisputeswithForeignNationals
Article361
Labourdisputesbetweenemployeeswhoareforeigncitizensandemployerswhoareforeign
nationalsorjointventureswithadomicileintheRepublicofBulgaria,whentheworkhasbeen
performedinthiscountry,shallfallunderthejurisdictionoftherespectivecourtofdomicileof
theemployer,unlessotherwiseagreedbetweentheparties.
JurisdictionoverLabourDisputesofBulgarianEmployeesAbroad
Article362
LabourdisputesbetweenemployeeswhoareBulgariancitizensworkingabroadandBulgarian
employersabroadshallfallunderthejurisdictionofthepropercourtinSofiaand,incasethe
employeeisadefendant,underthejurisdictionofthepropercourtofhisdomicileinthiscountry.
RulingsoftheCourtnotSubjectofAppealbeforetheCourtofCassation
Article363
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
Rulingsofthecourtofappealthatmaynotbesubjectofappealbeforethecourtofcassation
shallbesuch:
1.wherejudgementisrenderedinfavouroragainstclaimsoftheemployeefordetermining
durationofholidays,providingoffreepreventivefoodandantitoxins,ofworkgarmentsor
uniformsordevicesforpersonalprotection
2.wherejudgementisrenderedagainsttheemployertopaytheemployeeanamountnot
exceedingtheminimummonthlywage,establishedinthiscountryinsuchcasetherulingmay
beappealedbeforethecourtofcassationbytheemployee
3.whereadisciplinarysanction"reprimand"or"dismissalnotice"isupheldorrepealed.
Article364398repealed.
ChapterNineteen
CONTROLOVEROBSERVANCEOFLABOURLEGISLATION
ANDADMINISTRATIVEPENALLIABILITYFORVIOLATIONSTHEREOF
SectionI
CONTROLOVEROBSERVANCEOFLABOURLEGISLATION
ExecutiveAgency"GeneralLabourInspectorate"
Article399
(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)
Overallcontroloverobservanceoflabourlegislationinallsectorsandactivitiesshallbe
exercisedbytheExecutiveAgency"GeneralLabourInspectorate"oftheMinisterofLabourand
SocialPolicy.
ExternalDepartmentalControl
Article400
Otherstateauthorities,inadditiontothosementionedundertheprecedingArticle,shallexercise
overallorspecialcontroloverobservanceoflabourlegislationbyforceoflaworanactofthe
CouncilofMinisters.
InternalDepartmentalControl
Article401
Ministers,headsofotheragenciesandlocalgovernmentauthoritiesshallexercisecontrolover
theobservanceoflabourlegislationthroughtheirownspecialbodies.
RightsofControllingBodies
Article402
(1)Withintheframeworkoftheircompetencecontrollingbodiesshallhavethefollowingrights:
1.tovisitatalltimesministries,otheragencies,enterprisesandotherplacesofwork,aswellas
premisesusedbyemployees
2.todemandfromemployersexplanationsandpresentationofallnecessarydocuments,papers
anddatawithreferencetotheexerciseofcontrol
3.toobtaininformationdirectlyfromemployeesonallissuesrelatedtotheexerciseofcontrol
4.totakespecimens,samples,andothersimilarmaterialsforlabtests
5.toestablishthereasonsandcircumstancesofoccupationalinjuries.
(2)Employers,officialsandemployeesshallbeobligedtocooperatewithcontrollingbodiesin
implementationoftheirfunctions.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)ThecontrollingbodiesunderArticles399,400and401shall

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exercisetheirrightsincooperationwiththeemployers,theemployeesandtheirorganizations.
ObligationsofControllingBodies
Article403
(1)Thecontrollingbodiesshallhavethefollowingobligations:
1.tokeepsecretallclassifiedandconfidentialinformationthathascometotheirknowledgein
thecourseofexercisingcontrol,andnottousesuchinformationinbusinessactivitiesoftheir
own
2.tokeepsecretthesourceofinformationaboutviolationoflabourlegislation
(2)(RepealedSG,No.25/2001).
(3)Controloverobservanceoflabourlegislationmaynotbeexercisedbypersonswhohave
directorindirectinterestintheactivitiesofcontrolledsites.
CompulsoryAdministrativeMeasures
Article404
(1)Forpreventionandterminationofviolationsoflabourlegislation,aswellasforpreventionand
eliminationofdamagesresultingtherefrom,theGeneralLabourInspectorateanditsbodies,as
wellasthebodiesunderArticles400and401,bytheirowninitiativeorbyproposalofthetrade
unionorganizations,mayapplythefollowingcompulsoryadministrativemeasures:
1.toissuemandatoryinstructionstoemployersandofficialsforeliminationofviolationsoflabour
legislation,includingtheirobligationswithrespecttosocialandcommunityservicesfor
employees,aswellasforeliminationofflawsinprovidingsafeandhealthyworking
environment
2.tosuspendapprovalofdesignsandcommissioningofbuildings,machinesandfacilities,
productionlinesandprojects,whichviolatetheregulationsforhealthyandsafeworking
environmentandsocialservices
3.tohalttheoperationofenterprises,productionlinesandprojects,includingconstructionor
overhaulthereof,aswellasmachines,facilitiesandworkstations,whenevertheviolationofthe
regulationsforhealthyandsafeworkingenvironmentarehazardoustothelifeandhealthof
people
4.tocanceltheimplementationofunlawfuldecisionsorordersofemployersandofficials,related
tohygieneandlaboursafety,toallocationofsocialfundsandthesocialservicestoemployees
5.tosuspendfromworkemployeeswhoarenotfamiliarwiththeregulationsforhealthyandsafe
workenvironmentanddonothaveproperqualifications
6.(NewSG,No.25/2001)togiveinstructionsforintroductionofspecialregimeofsafeworkin
thecaseofseriousandimmediatehazardforthelifeandhealthoftheemployees,whereitis
notpossibletoapplysubparagraph3
7.(NewSG,No.25/2001)tohaltoperationsontheworksiteortheoperationoftheenterprise
intheeventofrepeatedviolationofArticle62,paragraph(1),tilleliminationoftheoffence.
(2)Shouldthemandatoryinstructionundersubparagraph1oftheprecedingparagraphreferto
eliminationofviolationsoflabourlegislation,itmaybeissueduponrequestofanemployeeprior
tobringinganactionbeforethecourtaftertheactionhasbeenbroughttheissuemaybesettled
onlybythecourt.
(3)Wheneverpursuanttotheprecedingparagraphonthesameissuetherearebotha
mandatoryinstructionandaneffectivecourtrulingwhichcontradict,therulingofthecourtshall
bevalid.
AppealofCompulsoryAdministrativeMeasures
Article405
Compulsoryadministrativemeasuresunderpara1oftheprecedingArticlemaybeappealed
pursuanttotheAdministrativeProcedureAct.Anappealshallnotsuspendtheexecutionofthe
compulsoryadministrativemeasure.
NotifyingtheExistenceofEmploymentRelation
Article405a
(NewSG,No.2/1996)
(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Thelabourinspectorateshallbeentitledtoannouncethe
existenceofemploymentrelation,shoulditascertaintheprovisionoflabourforceinviolationof
Article1,paragraph(2).Suchannouncementshallbedoneintheformofrulingofthelabour
inspectorate,whichshallbedeliveredtothepartiestotheemploymentrelation.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Inthecasesunderparagraph(1)thelabourinspectorateshall
instructtheemployertoproposetheconclusionofemploymentcontractwiththeemployee.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Untilrulingfortheinstructionunderparagraph(2)isissued,
therelationsbetweenthepartiesshallberegulatedasunderarealemploymentcontract,
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toagreeinwritingontheconditionsthereof,therulingunderparagraph(1)shallsubstitutefor
theemploymentcontract,whichshallbedeemedconcludedforanindefiniteperiodat5day
workweekand8hourworkday.
(4)Theemployermayappealtheinstructionbeforethedistrictcourtbydomicileorbyplaceof
residencewithinsevendaysfollowingitssubmission.Theappealshallnotstoptheexecutionof
theemploymentrelation.
(5)ShouldthecourtrepealtheinstructionoftheLabourinspectorate,theemployermay
terminateunilaterallytheemploymentcontractwithoutpriornotification.
NotifyingFunctionofTradeUnionOrganizations
Article406
(1)Tradeunionorganizationsshallhavethepowertonotifycontrollingbodiesaboutviolationsof
labourlegislation,andtodemandenforcementofadministrativesanctionsagainsttheoffenders.
(2)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Inimplementationoftheirfunctionsunderparagraph(1)the
representativesofthetradeunionorganizationsshallbeentitledto:
1.visitatanytimetheenterprisesandotherlocationswhereworkisdone,aswellasthe
premisesusedbytheemployees
2.demandfromtheemployerexplanationsandprovisionoftherequiredinformationand
documents
3.obtaininformationdirectlyfromtheemployeesonallissuesconcerningcompliancewiththe
labourlegislation.
(3)(NewSG,No.25/2001)Inimplementationoftheirwarningfunctiontherepresentativesof
thetradeunionorganizationsshallbeboundtocomplytotherequirementsofArticle403,
paragraph(1).
(4)Thecontrollingbodiesshallbeobligedtoinformthetradeunionorganizationswithinone
monthofthemeasuresundertaken.
NotifyingFunctionofControllingBodies
Article407
Whenevercontrollingbodiesestablishviolationsinvolvingdataofacriminaloffenceorother
violationsofthelaw,theymustinformthepublicprosecutor'soffice.
InspectionBook
Article408
Allemployersmusthaveaninspectionbookforregistrationoffindingsandinstructionsof
controllingbodiesonobservationoflabourlegislation.ThisbookshallbecertifiedbytheLabour
Inspectorateandpresentedtothecontrollingbodieswhenevertheycarryoutinspections.
Article409412repealed.

SectionII
ADMINISTRATIVEPENALLIABILITY
FORVIOLATIONSOFLABOURLEGISLATION
LiabilityforViolationofNormativeRequirementsforSafeandHealthyConditionsofWork
Article413
(1)(AmendedSG,No.2/1996)Apersonwhoviolatestheregulationsforprovisionofasafeand
healthyworkenvironmentshallbefinedtotheamountof20to250Leva,unlessliabletoa
heaviersanction.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.2/1996)Anemployerorofficialwhofailstoperformhisobligationsto
provideasafeandhealthyworkenvironmentshallbefinedtotheamountof250to1000Leva,
unlessliabletoaheaviersanction.
(3)(AmendedSG,No.2/1996)Forrepeatedviolationsthepenaltiesshallbe:
1.underparagraph(1)afineof40to500Leva
2.underparagraph(2)afineof500to2000Leva.
LiabilityforViolationofOtherProvisionsofLabourLegislation
Article414
(AmendedSG,Nos.2/199625/2001)
(1)Anemployerorofficialwhoviolatesprovisionsoflabourlegislation,inclusiveofsuch
applicabletoemploymentofpersonsinviolationoftherequirementsofArticle62,paragraph
(1),beyondtherulesforensuringsafeandhealthyconditionsofwork,shallbepenalizedbyfine
of250to1000Leva,unlessliabletoaheaviersanction.
(2)Forrepeatedviolationsthesanctionshallbeafineof500to2000Leva.
LiabilityforImplementingInstructionsandObstructingControllingBodies
Article415
(AmendedSG,Nos.2/1996124/1997)

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(1)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Apersonwhofailstoimplementamandatoryinstructionof
controllingbodiesforobservationofthelabourlegislation,shallbefinedtotheamountof250to
2000Leva.
(2)(AmendedSG,No.25/2001)Anemployeroranofficialwhounlawfullyobstructscontrolling
bodiesforobservationoflabourlegislationinimplementingtheirduties,shallbefinedtothe
amountof1000to5000Leva.
EstablishingViolations,Issuing,AppealingandExecutingPenalDecrees
Article416
(1)Violationsoflabourlegislationshallbeestablishedbystatements,preparedbystate
controllingbodies.
(2)Penaldecreesshallbeissuedbytheheadoftherespectivecontrollingbodyorbypersons
authorizedbyhimincompliancewiththedepartmentalsubordinationoftheauthorsofthe
decrees.
(3)Establishingofviolations,issuing,appealingandexecutingofsanctiondecreesshallbe
effectedpursuanttothestipulationsoftheAdministrativeViolationsandSanctionsAct.
(4)Aviolationshallbeconsideredrepeatedwhencommittedwithin1yearofthecominginto
forceofapenaldecreebywhichtheoffenderhasbeensanctionedforthesametypeof
violation.
(4)(AmendedSG,No.2/1996No.25/2001)Amountscollectedfromimposedfinespursuantto
thissectionshallbecontributedtothebudgetoftheMinistryofLabourandSocialPolicyto
accountoftheExecutiveAgency"GeneralLabourInspectorate"andshallbeusedfor
improvementofcontrolactivitiesunderproceduresetforthbytheMinisterofLabourandSocial
PolicyandbytheMinisterofFinance.

SUPPLEMENTARYPROVISIONS
Explanationofsomewords:
1.ForthepurposesofthisCode:
1."Employer"shallbeanynaturalperson,bodycorporateordivisionthereof,aswellasany
otherorganizationallyandeconomicallyautonomousentity(enterprise,office,organization,
cooperative,farm,establishment,household,associationandthelike),thatindependentlyhires
employeesunderemploymentrelationships
2."Enterprise"shallbeanyplaceenterprise,office,organization,cooperative,establishment,
projectandthelike,whereworkagainstpaymentisdone
3."Enterprisemanagement"shallbethemanageroftheenterprise,hisdeputiesandother
personsentrustedwithmanagementoftheworkprocess,withintheenterpriseanditsdivisions,
aswellasthecollectiveelectedmanagementbodies(businesscouncil,managementboard,
executiveboard,operativebureauandthelike)
4."Workplace"shallbeanypremises,workshop,room,locationofamachine,facilityoranother
similarterritoriallydefinedplaceinanenterprise,whereanemployeeonassignmentfromthe
employerworksinperformanceofhisdutiesunderanemploymentrelationship
5."Official"shallbeanemployeeassignedtomanagetheworkprocessinanenterprise,inits
divisionsandlowerlevelunits,aswellasanemployeewhoworksasaspecialistinthefunctional
serviceunitsoftheenterprise
6."Tradeunionleadership"shallbethepresidentandthesecretaryoftherespectivetradeunion
organization.
7.(NewSG,No.25/2001)"Indirect"discriminationshallbesuchwheredecisionsseemingly
admissiblebylawdecisionsareappliedintheimplementationoflabourrightsandduties,butare
appliedinamanner,whichinviewofthecriteriaunderArticle8,paragraph(3),actuallyandas
amatteroffactrendersomeemployeesinamoredisadvantagedoramoreprivilegedposition
comparedtoother.Thedifferencesorpreferencesbasedonqualificationrequirementsfor
performingcertainwork,aswellassuchforthepurposeofspecialprotectionofsome
employees(underage,pregnantwomenandmothersofyoungchildren,disabledpersons,
personstransferredtomoreappropriatejobs,etc.),setbynormativeacts,shallnotbedeemed
discrimination.
8.(NewSG,No.25/2001)"Exception"forthepurposesofArticle68,paragraph(3)shalloccur
wherespecificeconomic,technological,financial,marketandothersimilarobjectivereasons
existasofthetimeofconclusionoftheemploymentcontract,suchasmaybestatedinthe
contractasgroundsforitsfixedterm.
ApplicabilitytoEmploymentRelationshipofMembersofCooperatives
2.TheprovisionsofthisCodeshallapplymutatismutandistoemploymentrelationshipsof
membersofcooperatives,unlessotherwiseprovidedbylaworbylaws.

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TRANSITIONALPROVISIONS
3.(1)repealed
(2)Pendingcasesbeforeconciliationcommitteesshallbepresentedforexaminationby
committeesonlabourdisputespursuanttotheregulationsofthisCode.
CONCLUDINGPROVISIONS
4.ThisCodeshallrepeal:
1.Article1thru144andArticle171thru185oftheLabourCode(promulgatedin"Izvestia"No.91
of1951asamendedNo.93of1951asamendedNo.92of1957StateGazetteNo.No.24,36
and92of1963,No.No.1,61,90and99of1965,No.No.15and33of1968,No.68of1970,
No.No.53,81,of1973,No.27of1975,No.63of1976,No.32of1977,No.57of1981andNo.44of
1984)
2.ProvidingControloverLabourSafetytoBulgarianTradeUnionsAct(SG,No.53of1973)
3.Articles23,29and30oftheCloserRelationsBetweenEducationandLifeandFurther
DevelopmentofPeople'sEducationinthePeople'sRepublicofBulgariaAct(prom."Izvestia",
No.54of1959asamendedSGNo.99of1963andNo.36of1979)
4.DecreetoImplementCertainProvisionsoftheLabourCodewithRespecttotheAdministrative,
EngineeringandTechnicalPersonnelandMachineryOperatorsinCooperativeFarms("Izvestia"
No.65of1961)
5.DecreetoImplementProvisionsoftheLabourCodeconcerningTechnicalSafetyandLabour
HygienewithRespecttoMembersofCooperativeFarms("Izvestia"No.100of1962)
6.DecreeonIntroductionofaFiveDayWorkWeek(SG,No.1of1968)
7.Articles5,10,12,15,paras2,19and20oftheDecreeonMutualInsuranceofMembersof
ProducerCooperatives(prom.in"Izvestia"No.63of1953asamendedNo.82of1953as
amendedNo.17of1955,No.69of1956,No.62of1958,asamendedNo.82of1958,asamended
No.68of1960,No.38of1962SGNo.50of1963,No.21of1964andNo.32of1968).
5.SectionsIIIandIVofthe1951LabourCodeshallbeamendedasfollows:
1.InArticle155bisthetext"asprovidedbyArticle118and118bis"shallread"asprovidedby
Article309ofthe1986LabourCode".
2.InArticle156:
a)inpara1,sentence1,thetext"withintheperiodsunderArticle60,paras1,2and3ofthis
Code"shallread"withintheperiodsunderArticle163,paras1thru6ofthe1986LabourCode"
b)inpara3thetext"underArticle60,paras4or5"shallread"underArticle164,paras1or2of
the1986LabourCode"
c)inpara4,sentence1,thetext"underArticle60,paras4or5"shallread"underArticle164,
paras1or2ofthe1986LabourCode",andinsentence2thetext"underArticle60,para6"shall
read"underArticle164,para3ofthe1986LabourCode"
d)inpara6thetext"underArticle119,para2"shallread"underArticle313,para3ofthe1986
LabourCode".
3.InArticle162,para1thetext"intheeventofdeath(Article29,(f))"shallread"intheeventof
deathofemployee(Article325,item11ofthe1986LabourCode)".
4.repealed
6.InArticle27oftheMinesandQuarriesAct(prom."Izvestia"No.92of1957,asamended
No.17of1957,asamendedNo.68of1959,No.104of1960SGNo.84of1963,No.27of1973,
No.36of1979)thetext"forviolationoflaboursafetyregulations"shallberepealed.
7.InArticle99,para1ofthePublicHealthAct(prom.SG,No.88of1973,asamendedNo.63of
1976,No.28of1983andNo.66of1985)afterthedigit9thefollowingtextshallbeinserted:
"withtheexceptionofthoserelatedtolabourhygiene",andafterthedigitof13"withthe
exceptionofthoserelatedtonoiseintensitywithinhygienestandardsintheenterprise".
8.TheFinancialControlAct(prom."Izvestia"No.91of1960asamendedSG,No.32of1977
andNo.57of1978)shallbeamendedasfollows:
1.InArticle15,para1shallbeamendedtoread:
"(1)Forviolationsoffinancialdiscipline,establishedbythefinancialcontrolbodiesoftheMinistry
ofFinance,forfailuretocarryoutmandatoryinstructionsissuedbytheMinisterofFinance,orfor
refusingtoprovideinformationortestifybeforeacontrollingbody,theMinisterofFinanceshall
imposeonoffendersdisciplinarypenaltiespursuanttoArticle188,para1oftheLabourCode.
Anydemotiontoalowerpaidjob,ordemotioninqualificationsdegreeordismissalshallbe
clearedwiththerespectiveminister,headofanotheragencyorChairmanoftheExecutive
Committeeofapeople'scouncil.Forviolationscommittedbypersonsholdingelectiveofficethe
penaltiesshallbeimposedbytherespectivebodybyproposaloftheMinisterofFinance.
Disciplinarypenaltiesshallbeimposedwithin3monthsofestablishingtheviolation,butnotlater
than3yearsfromthedateonwhichitwascommitted."
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2.InArticle17,para3shallberepealed.
3.InArticle18,thetext"forthereasonsofpara3oftheprecedingArticle"shallread"forthe
reasonsofArticle207,para2oftheLabourCode".
4.Article19shallberepealed.
5.InArticle20,para1,(d),andinpara2thetext"underArticle17para3"shallread"under
Article207,para2oftheLabourCode".
6.Article23shallberepealed.
7.InArticle32thetext"Article82oftheLabourCode"shallread"Article271para1ofthe
LabourCode".
8.Article24shallberepealed.
9.Article29shallbeamendedasfollows:
a)para1shallread:
"(1)Wherethedamageinflictedoninstitutions,enterprisesororganizationsisnotcoveredby
thecauseslistedunderArticle17,para2andArticle18ofthisAct,orunderArticle206and209
oftheLabourCode,limitedfinancialliabilityshallbeapplied,pursuanttoArticle207,para1,
item1oftheLabourCode"
b)para2shallberepealed
c)para3shallbecomepara2andshallread:
"(2)Thelimitedfinancialliabilitypursuanttotheprecedingparagraphshallbesoughtregardless
ofthepersons'liabilityunderArticle207,para2,oftheLabourCode,andshallnotbetakeninto
accountindeterminingtheliabilityofpersonswhohaveavailedthemselvesthereof."
10.Article17shallbeamendedasfollows:
a)thefollowingsentenceshallbeappendedtoendofpara1:
"ThesedeductionsshallbetotheamountdeterminedbytheCivilProcedureCode"
b)para2shallberepealed.
9.TheStateandPublicControlAct(prom.SGNo.54of1974,asamendedNo.64of1976,No.32
of1977,No.57of1978andNo.49of1981)shallbeamendedasfollows:
1.InArticle1,para2thetext"andtheStateCouncilofthePeople'sRepublicofBulgaria"shall
read"theStateCouncilandtheCouncilofMinistersofthePeople'sRepublicofBulgaria".
2.Article8shallbeamendedasfollows:
a)sentence2ofpara1shallread:"itshallworkunderthedirectleadershipoftheCouncilof
Ministersandshallreporttoit"
b)para2shallberepealed.
3.InArticle9para2sentence2shallread:"TheDeputyChairmenoftheCommitteeshallbe
appointedbytheStateCouncilanditsmembersshallbeapprovedbytheCouncilofMinisters
uponproposalbytheChairmanoftheCommitteeforStateandPublicControl.
4.Article17shallbeamendedasfollows:
a)initem6thetext"StateCouncil"shallread"CouncilofMinisters"
b)initem7thetext"theNationalAssemblyanditsstandingcommittees,theStateCounciland"
shallberepealed.
5.InArticle20,item6shallread:
"6.TheoffendersshallreceivedisciplinarysanctionspursuanttoArticle188para1oftheLabour
Code".
6.InArticle23,para2,thetext"ordemotiontoalesspaidjob"shallberepealed.
7.Article24shallbeamendedasfollows:
a)inpara1,thetext"threeyears"shallread"twoyears"
b)para3shallreadasfollows:
"(3)Thedeletionofthesanction'dismissal'shallnotentailanobligationtoreinstatetheperson
tohispreviousjob."
8.Article25shallbeamendedasfollows:
a)para1shallread:
"(1)Wheneveracommitteeforstateandpubliccontrolestablisheddamagewhichmightprovide
groundsforlimitedmaterialliabilitypursuanttoArticle206,para1oftheLabourCode,the
committeeshalllevyacashsanctionshouldtherebeevidenceentailingfullmaterialliability,the
committeeshalldrawupastatementofdeficiencyinaccountsandshalldemandthatanauditbe
performedbythebodiesoffinancialcontrol."
b)paras2and3shallberepealed
c)para4shallbecomepara2.
9.InArticle26para2thetext"reassignmentordemotiontoalowerpaidjob"shallread
"demotiontoalowerpaidjobordemotioninqualificationsdegree".
10.Article28shallread:
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"Article28.TheLabourCodeshallbeappliedwheneverthisActcontainsnospecialstipulations
astothedisciplinarypenaltiespursuanttoArticle20,para6andastolimitedorfullmaterial
liabilityforthereasonsofArticle25likewise,theFinancialControlActshallbeappliedin
drawingupstatementsofdeficiencyinaccounts."
10InArticle20,para2oftheCivilProcedureCode,thetext"Article5para2oftheLabour
Code"shallread"Article45oftheLabourCode".
11AnewArticle23ashallbeappendedtotheProsecutor'sOfficeAct(SGNo.87of1980)and
shallreadasfollows:
"DismissalofProsecutors"
"Article23bis
(1)InadditiontothereasonscitedintheLabourCode,Prosecutorsmaybedismissedalsofor
reasonsofunfitness,pursuanttoArticle21,item6.
(2)Ordersfordismissalandimposingdisciplinarypenaltiesonprosecutorsmaynotbesubjectto
appealbeforelabourdisputecommitteesorcourts."
12InArticle136para2ofthePunishmentExecutionAct(prom.SGNo.30of1968asamended
No.34of1974,No.84of1977,No.36of1979andNo.28of1982)thetext"underArticle58para
1"shallread"underArticle160".
13InArticle81,para3oftheCourtsStructureAct(prom.SGNo.23of1976asamended
No.36of1979andNo.91of1982)thetext"underArticle91paras1and2oftheLabourCode,
providedtheyhavetheuninterruptedlengthofservicerequiredbytheseprovisions"shallread
"underArticle222oftheLabourCode,providedtheyhavethelengthofservicerequiredbythis
provision".
14InArticle12para1,sentence1oftheComrades'CourtsAct(prom."Izvestia"No.50of
1961asamendedSGNo.101of1966,No.27of1975andNo.36of1979)thetext"underArticles
95and96"shallread"Article206".
15InArticle53,para2ofthePeople'sDeputiesandPeople'sCouncillorsAct(prom.SGNo.32
of1977asamendedNo.72of1981)thetext"underArticle30,para1"shallread"underArticle
326,para2".
16repealed
17ThisCodeshallcomeintoforceasfrom1January1987.Items14of9shallcomeinto
forceasfromthedateofpromulgationintheStateGazette.
18TheimplementationofthisCodeisherebyassignedtotheChairmanoftheCouncilof
Ministers.

PROVISIONSTOTHEAMENDMENTACTONTHELABOURCODE
TRANSITIONALPROVISIONS
256(1)Pendinglabourdisputesbeforelabourdisputecommitteesandsuperioradministrative
bodiesshallbeforwardedimmediatelyforexaminationbyacompetentcourt,andtheparties
shallbeinformedthereofinwriting.
(2)Pendinglabourcasesofthesecondinstancebeforedistrictcourtsshallbecompletedpursuant
totheregulationsinforcesofar.
257(1)Existingtradeunionsmayretaintheircapacityoflegalpersons,bysubmittingan
applicationforregistrationpursuanttoArticle49within6monthsfollowingthecomingintoforce
ofthisAct.
(2)Providingthetermundertheprecedingparagraphhasbeenobserved,tradeunionsshall
retaintheircapacityoflegalpersonuntilthecourtrulingforregistrationcomesintoforce.
258Holidaysandcompensationswhichhaveonlyminimumamountspursuanttothe
amendmentstotheLabourCodebythisAct,untilregulatedbyanactoftheCouncilofMinisters
shallbeusedorpaid,accordingly,incompliancewiththeiramountssofar,establishedforeach
specificcase.

CONCLUDINGPROVISIONS
259Thefollowingamendmentsshallbemadetothe1951LabourCode(prom."Izvestia",No.91
of1951,asamendedNo.93of1951,asamendedNo.No.91and92of1957,SGNo.No.24,36and
92of1963,No.No.1,61,90and99of1965,No.15of1968,asamendedNo.33of1968,as
amendedNo.68of1970,No.No.53and81of1973,No.27of1975,No.63of1976,No.32of1977,
No.57of1981,No.44of1984,No.27of1986,No.46of1989,No.52of1992):
1.InArticle150,para1thetext"uninterruptedlength"shallread"length"andinpara3thetext
"uninterrupted"shallberepealed.
2.InArticle151thetext"uninterrupted"shallberepealed.
3.InArticle152,para2thetext"withexceptionofdismissals,indicatedunderArticle177,para
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2"shallberepealed.
4.InArticle156,para6thetext"Article313,para3"shallread"Article333".
260Insentence2ofArticle15,para1,oftheFinancialControlAct(prom.SGNo.91of1960,as
amendedNo.32of1977andNo.57of1978,asamendedNo.27of1986)thetext"Demotiontoa
lowerpaidjobordemotioninqualificationsdegreeanddismissalsshallbeeffectedin
coordination"shallread"Demotionshallbecoordinated".
261InArticle23a,para2oftheProsecutor'sOfficeAct(prom.SGNo.87of1980,asamended
No.27of1986,No.91of1988,No.46of1991)thetext"beforelabourdisputecommitteesand"
shallberepealed.
262InArticle81,para3oftheCourtsStructureAct(prom.SGNo.23of1976,asamended
No.36of1979,No.91of1982,No.No.27and29of1986,No.91of1988,No.31of1990andNo.46
of1991)shallread:
"(3)JudgesfromdistrictandregionalcourtsandtheSupremeCourtwithterminatedemployment
relationshipsshallbeentitledtotherightsunderArticles220222oftheLabourCodepursuant
totheregulationsandtermsprovidedtherein."
263Article9,para2ofDecree9OntheFunctionsoftheManagementandExecutiveStaffinthe
RailwayTransport(SGNo.3of1981)shallread:
"(2)Disciplinarypenaltiesshallbe:
1.Reprimand
2.Dismissalnotice
3.Demotioninrank
4.Dismissal."
264TheHigherEducationAct(prom."Izvestia"No.12of1958,asamendedSGNo.99of1963,
No.No.36and65of1972,asamendedNo.81of1972,asamendedNo.58of1978,No.68of1988,
No.82of1989andNo.10of1990)shallbeamendedasfollows:
1.Article18shallread:
"Article18.Disciplinarypenaltiesshallbe:
1.Reprimand
2.Dismissalnotice
3.Dismissal."
2.Article20,para1shallread:
"(1)Disciplinarypenalties"reprimand"and"dismissalnotice"shallbeimposedbytherector."
3.Article23shallberepealed.
265DecreeNo.2227OntheDisciplineofEmployeesintheCivilAviation(SGNo.55of1985)
shallbeamendedasfollows:
1.InArticle3thetext"DisciplinaryByLaws,approvedbytheCouncilofMinisters"shallread
"LabourCode".
2.Article4shallread:
"Article4.Disciplinarypenalties,exceptdismissal,maybeappealedonlybeforesuperiorbodies.
Adisciplinarydismissalmaybeappealedincourtintheestablishedmanner."
3.InArticle6thefigure"131"shallbereplacedby"194".
4.Articles7and8shallberepealed.
5.TheConcludingProvisionsshallbeamendedasfollows:
a)anew1shallread:
"1.SpecificdisciplineissuesofemployeesinthecivilaviationshallbegovernedbyDisciplinary
ByLaws,approvedbytheCouncilofMinisters."
b)theexistingparagraphs1and2shallbecome2and3,accordingly.
266TheActshallcomeintoforceasfrom1January1993.
267TheimplementationofthisActisherebyassignedtotheCouncilofMinisters.

PROVISIONSTOTHEAMENDMENTACTONTHELABOURCODE
PromulgatedinStateGazetteNo.25/2001
TRANSITIONALANDCONCLUDINGPROVISIONS
116(1)EmployeeswhopriortothecomingintoforceofthisActhavebeenentitledtorights
relatedtoworkperformedatopenendedworkinghours,shallcontinuetousesuchrightstillthe
employerspecifiesthejobsunderArticle139,paragraph(4).
(2)Theemployersshallbeboundtospecify,withinthreemonthsfollowingthecomingintoforce
ofthisAct,thejobsandtheworktobeperformedatopenendedworkday.
117StudentswhocontinuetheireducationasofthetimeofcomingintoforceofthisActmay
useleavepursuanttoArticle169,paragraph(1)andArticle171,paragraph(1),providedthe
employergrantshisconsentforcontinuationoftheeducation.

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118By31March2002,uponmutualconsentofthepartiestotheemploymentrelationship,the
paidannualleaveorpartsthereofnotusedbefore1January2001maybesettledby
compensationdeterminedpursuanttoArticle177,althoughtheemploymentrelationshiphasnot
beenterminated.
119Claimsconcerninglabourdisputesoftheemployees,whoseemploymentrelationshipshave
beenterminatedbeforethecomingintoforceofthisAct,maybelodgedwithinthetermunder
Article358,paragraph(1),subparagraph2,priortoitsamendment.
120PersonswhoasofthetimeofcomingintoforceofthisActhavestartedtouseleave
pursuanttotherepealedparagraph(2)ofArticle164,mayusetheleavewithdurationasprior
totherepealingoftheparagraph.
121NormativeactsrelevanttotheapplicationoftheLabourCodeshallbeissuedbytheCouncil
ofMinisters,unlessotherwiseprovidedintheCode.
122ThisActshallcomeintoforceasof31March2001,exceptfor109,110and112,
whichshallcomeintoforceasfrom1September2000.

ThisActhasbeenpassedbytheXXXVIIINationalAssemblyon2March2001andtheofficial
sealoftheNationalAssemblyhasbeenaffixedthereto.
ChairmanoftheNationalAssembly:YordanSokolov
REPUBLICOFBULGARIACOUNCILOFMINISTERS
DECREENo.31of11February1994
onIncreasinginCertainCasestheAmountoftheCompensationsunderArticle222,para3ofthe
LabourCode
PromulgatedStateGazetteNo.16/22.02.1994
THECOUNCILOFMINISTERSHASDECREED:
Article1
(1)UponterminationoftheemploymentrelationshipafterJanuary1,1993employeesofbudget
supportedorganizationsanddepartments,afterhavingacquiredtherighttopensionforlengthof
serviceandoldage,irrespectiveofthegroundsforthetermination,theyshallbeentitledto
compensationunderArticle222,para3oftheLabourCodewhichshallbeincreasedbythe
amountoftheirgrosslabourremunerationforaperiodofsixmonths,whenever,irrespectiveof
restructuringchanges,closedown,opening,mergerordivisionofthebudgetaryorganizations
anddepartments,theemployeeshaveservedduringthelasttenyearspriortoacquiringthe
righttopensioninoneandthesame(intermsofmainfunctionsandjobsperformed)budgetary
organizationordepartment.
(2)ThecompensationunderArticle222,para3oftheLaborCodeintheamountandasofthe
dateundertheprecedingparagraphshallalsobeprovidedforteachingstaffandmedical
personnel,aswellaspersonsemployedinthearts,wheneverinthelasttenyearspriorto
acquiringtherighttopensionforlengthofserviceoroldagetheyhaveservedinbudgetary
organizationsanddepartmentsinthesphereofeducation,healthcare,socialservices,culture
andart.
Article2
Inrespecttotradingcompanies,organizations,factoriesandeconomicdepartmentswithstate
participation,whichhavebeenrestructured,closed,opened,mergedordivided,anincreasein
thecompensationunderArticle222,para3oftheLabourCodeforemployeeswhohaveserved
forthelasttenyearspriortoretiringinthatparticularfield,shallbesettledthroughthecollective
orindividuallaborcontracts.
Article3
ThecompensationsunderArticle1shallbepayabletoemployeesonlyonce.

CONCLUDINGPROVISION
Soleparagraph
ThisDecreewasadoptedpursuanttoArticle228,para2oftheLabourCode.
ChairmanoftheCouncilofMinisters:LyubenBerov
ChiefSecretaryoftheCouncilofMinisters:StoyanDenchev
66

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