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Lecture Irrigation Project

This document discusses irrigation projects in India. It classifies irrigation projects into major, medium, and minor projects based on their cultural command area (CCA). Major projects have a CCA over 10,000 hectares and include large storage reservoirs and canal networks. Medium projects have a CCA between 2,000 and 10,000 hectares. Minor projects have a CCA less than or equal to 2,000 hectares and rely on small reservoirs, tanks, and groundwater pumping. Irrigation projects are also classified based on how water is applied, into gravity/flow schemes which rely on gravity to distribute water, and lift schemes which require pumping. Some examples of major irrigation projects in India are provided, including the Bhak

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Yogesh Chauhan
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118 views2 pages

Lecture Irrigation Project

This document discusses irrigation projects in India. It classifies irrigation projects into major, medium, and minor projects based on their cultural command area (CCA). Major projects have a CCA over 10,000 hectares and include large storage reservoirs and canal networks. Medium projects have a CCA between 2,000 and 10,000 hectares. Minor projects have a CCA less than or equal to 2,000 hectares and rely on small reservoirs, tanks, and groundwater pumping. Irrigation projects are also classified based on how water is applied, into gravity/flow schemes which rely on gravity to distribute water, and lift schemes which require pumping. Some examples of major irrigation projects in India are provided, including the Bhak

Uploaded by

Yogesh Chauhan
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Dept. of Agril. Engg, BAU Lecture Note No.

8
AE-111 (Fundamentals of Soil and Water Conservation) Instructor- Dr. M. Job
First Year Semester I Dated: 14.02.17

Irrigation Projects:
In India irrigation has always been the largest user of water. Irrigation projects mainly
consists of engineering structures which collect, convey, and deliver water to areas on which
crops are grown.
Irrigation Projects Classification
Irrigation projects are classified in different ways
1. Based on Cultural Command Area (CCA)
Major Irrigation Projects: The area envisaged to be covered under irrigation is of
the order over 10000 hectare (CCA>10,000 ha). This type of project consist huge
storage reservoirs, flow diversion structures and a large network of canals. These
are often multi-purpose projects serving other aspects like flood control and hydro
power.
Medium Irrigation Projects: Projects having CCA less than 10,000 ha but more
than 2,000 ha are classified as medium irrigation projects. These are also multi-
purpose surface water projects. Medium size storage, diversion and distribution
structures are the main components of this type of project.
Minor Irrigation Projects: Projects having CCA less than or equal to 2,000 ha are
termed as minor irrigation project. The main sources of water are tanks, small
reservoirs and groundwater pumping. A number of minor irrigation projects may
exist individually within the command area of a major or medium irrigation
project.

2. Based on the Way of Water Application


The Irrigation schemes are classified into two types based on way of water application.
Gravity/Flow Irrigation Scheme: This is the type of irrigation system in which water is
stored at a higher elevation so as to enable supply to the land by gravity flow. Such
irrigation schemes consists head works across river to store the water and canal network
to distribute the water. The gravity irrigation scheme is further classified as:
Lift Irrigation Scheme: Irrigation systems in which water has to be pumped to the field or
canal network form lower elevations are categorized as lift irrigation schemes.

Some of the Major Irrigation Projects


Since independence, India has developed several major irrigation projects. Some of the major
irrigation projects are listed in Table 3.1 and also shown in Fig. 3.1.
Major irrigation projects of India

Year of
Name River State CCA, ha
completion

Bhakra Nangal Punjab and Himachal


Sutlej 40,00,000 1963
Project Pradesh

Beas Punjab, Haryana and


Beas Project 21,00,000 1974
River Rajasthan

Kosi
Koshi Project Bihar and Nepal 8.48,000 1954
River

Hirakund Project Mahanadi Orisa 10,00,000 1957

Nagarjuna Sagar
Krishna AP 13,13,000 1960
Project

Rajasthan and Madhya


Chambal Project Chambal 5,15,000 1960
Pradesh

Damodar valley
Damodar Jharkhand, West Bengal 8,23,700 1948
project

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