Communications Layers
Finally, lets look at how all of these fundamental blocks communicate with each other.
There are many different modes of communication, but they are all variants on a thing
called a bus.
The frontside bus, for example, is the connection between the RAM and the L1/L2 cache.
It moves data that is ready to be transformed by the processor into the staging ground
to get ready for calculation, and moves finished calculations out. There are other buses,
too, such as the external bus that acts as the main route from hardware devices (such as
hard drives and networking cards) to the CPU and system memory. This bus is generally
slower than the frontside bus.
In fact, many of the benefits of the L1/L2 cache are attributable to the faster bus. Being
able to queue up data necessary for computation in large chunks on a slow bus (from
RAM to cache) and then having it available at very fast speeds from the backside bus
(from cache to CPU) enables the CPU to do more calculations without waiting such a
long time.