5 vkÑfr;ksa dk deky
pyks iVk[k+k cuk,¡
1 2
3 4
60
vko`Qfr;ksa dk [ksy
tSlk fd uhps fn[kk;k x;k gS mlosQ fglkc ls tksdj esa jax Hkjks%
frdksu yky oxZ ihyk
vk;r uhyk xksy gjk
61
gj vko`Qfr esa fdrus&fdrus frdksu gSa\
bu vko`Qfr;ksa esa lcls cM+h
vk;r <w¡<+ksA
62
fdukjs vkSj dksus
ehrk vkSj mlosQ 5 nksLr ,d [ksy [ksy jgs FksA fVaowQ dh vk¡[kksa ij i^h c¡/h FkhA
mlls dgk x;k fd og rc rd rkyh ctkrk jgs tc rd og pkgsA ckdh cPps
es”k osQ pkjksa vksj ?kwesaA tSls gh fVaowQ rkyh ctkuk can djs oSls gh nwljs lkjs cPps
tgk¡ gksa ogk¡ #d tk,¡A tks Hkh fdlh dksus ij ugha gksxk og vkmVA vc vk¡[kksa ij
i^h ck¡/us dh mldh ckjh gksxhA
NksVw xqM~Mw caVh fVaowQ
jktk ehrk
d) mQij osQ fp=k dks ns[kksA D;k rqe crk ldrs gks fd dkSu vkmV gS\
[k) xqM~Mw dgk¡ [kM+h gS\
x ) D;k bl [ksy dks ge fdlh xksy es”k osQ pkjksa rjI+kQ ?kwers gq, [ksy ldrs gSa\
D;ksa\
gekjs pkjksa rjI+kQ dbZ ,slh ph”ksa gSa ftuosQ fdukjs lh/s gksrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy,%
fdukjk
fdukjk fdukjk
fdukjk
fdukjk fdukjk
63
dbZ ,slh ph”ksa Hkh gksrh gSa ftuosQ fdukjs ?kqekonkj (oozQ) gksrs gSaA mnkgj.k
osQ fy,
fdukjk
fdukjk
d) vius pkjksa vksj ns[kksA mu ph”kksa dh igpku djks ftuosQ fdukjs ?kqekonkj gSa
vkSj ftuosQ fdukjs lh/s gSaA
[k) D;k lh/s fdukjs okyh ph”kksa osQ dksus gksrs gSa\
x ) D;k ?kqekonkj fdukjs okyh ph”kksa osQ dksus gksrs gSa\
?k) ,slh ph”ksa <w¡<+us dh dksf'k'k djks ftuesa nksuksa rjg osQ fdukjs gSa μ lh/s Hkh
?kqekonkj HkhA
fdrus eksM+ fdrus dksus\
1- ,d vk;rkdkj dkx”k dk VqdM+k yksA
2- mlosQ dksuksa dks fxuksA
3- vc mlosQ ,d dksus dks eksM+ nksA crkvks μ
d) mlosQ fdrus dksus gks x,\
[k) nks dksus eksM+rs rks fdrus dksus curs\
❊ rhu dksus eksM+rs rks\
❊ pkj dksus eksM+rs rks\
x ) D;k rqe blh dkx”k dks fdlh ,sls rjhosQ ls eksM+ ldrs gks fd blosQ osQoy
rhu dksus jg tk,¡\ rqe osQoy nks ckj gh dkx”k dks eksM+ ldrs gksA
blosQ ckn rqEgsa oSQlh vko`Qfr ns[kus dks feysxh\
4- blh dke dks dkx”k osQ ,d oxkZdkj VqdM+s osQ lkFk djksA
64
5- D;k rqe oxkZdkj dkx”k osQ lHkh dksuksa dks bl rjhosQ ls eksM+ ldrs gks fd
mlosQ pkj gh dksus jgsa\
uhps uhyh&ihyh ,d rkfydk nh xbZ gS blesa mu ph”kksa osQ uke osQ vkxs lgh
( ) dk fu'kku yxkvks ftuosQ fd dksus gksrs gSaA lkFk gh mu ph”kksa osQ fdukjksa
vkSj dksuksa dh la[;k dk irk yxkvksA
ph”kksa osQ D;k buosQ dksus fdukjksa dh dksuksa dh
uke gksrs gSa la[;k la[;k
iklk 8
xsna
jcM+
vaMk
dkx”k dh 'khV
uhps nh xbZ vko`Qfr;ksa esa ls mu ij lgh ( ) dk fu'kku yxkvks ftuosQ
dksus gSaA
D;k bu vko`Qfr;ksa esa ?kqekonkj js[kk,¡ gSa\
D;k rqe osQoy lh/h js[kkvksa ls ,slh vko`Qfr cuk ldrs gks ftldk dksbZ dksuk
u gks\
65
VSuxzke
VSuxzke phu dh ,d iqjkuh igsyh gSA VSuxzke osQ vyx&vyx VqdM+ksa ls ge dbZ
tkuojksa] bulkuksa vkSj ph”kksa dh vko`Qfr;k¡ cuk ldrs gSaA
bl fdrkc osQ 201 ist ij rqEgsa fp=k esa fn[kk, x,
oxZ dh rjg dk ,d oxZ feysxkA bls è;ku ls 2
dkVdj ckgj fudkyks vkSj mlosQ VqdM+ksa dks dkVdj 3
vyx djksA ik¡p VqdM+ksa dk ;g lewg 5&VqdM+ksa okyk
VSuxzke dgykrk gSA 1
bu ik¡p VqdM+ksa dk bLrseky djosQ uhps nh xbZ 4
vko`Qfr;k¡ cukvks 5
66
1- rqEgkjs VSuxzke esa fdrus frdksu gSa\ D;k lHkh vkdkj esa cjkcj gSa\ irk yxkvksA
2- VSuxzke osQ nks NksVs frdksu dk bLrseky djosQ uhps nh xbZ vko`Qfr;ksa dks cukvksA
(1) (2) (3)
3- VSuxzke osQ dkSu ls ,sls nks VqdM+s gSa tks fcyoqQy ,d tSls gSa\ djosQ ns[kksA
4- 4 vkSj 5 uacj osQ VqdM+ksa dks yksA irk yxkvks fd frdksu osQ fdl rjI+kQ ls
rqe nwljs VqdM+s dks tksM+ ldrs gksA
5- irk yxkvks fd VqdM+k uacj 1 vkSj 2 esa dkSu lk fdukjk cjkcj gSA blh rjg
cjkcj fdukjs <w¡<+ks μ
❈ 2 vkSj 4 esa
❈ 1 vkSj 5 esa
❈ 2 vkSj 5 esaA
1 5
7&VqdM+ksa okyk VSuxzke
4
lkr&VqdM+ksa okys VSuxzke dk fp=k ;gk¡ fn;k gqvk gSA
ist uaacj 201 ls bls dkV fudkyksA vc rqe bu 3 7
VqdM+ksa dks dkV dj vyx&vyx dj yks vkSj 2
vyx&vyx rjhdksa ls vko`Qfr;k¡ cukvksA 6
67
bu vko`Qfr;ksa dks cukus
dh dksf'k'k djks
vc bUgsa Hkh cukvks ij osQoy mu VqdM+ksa ls
tkss ;gk¡ fy[ks x, gaS
d) osQoy frdksuksa ls
[k) osQoy VqdM+k uacj 1] 2]
3 vkSj 5 ls
?k) osQoy VqdM+k uacj 1] 2]
x) osQoy nks frdksuksa ls 3] 4 vkSj 5 ls
68
cqukbZ osQ iSVuZ
xksyw vkSj chuw viuh pkph osQ lkFk ck”kkj x,A mUgksaus ogk¡ dbZ nfj;k¡ ns[khaA
bruh lkjh vko`Qfr;k¡!
vjs okg! xksy] frdksu -----
brus lkjs jax! D;k&D;k iSVuZ gSa!
❊ buosQ fdukjksa ij rqEgsa fdl rjg dh vko`Qfr;k¡ fn[k jgh gSa\ mUgas viuh dkWih
ij cukvksA
❊ D;k dksbZ vko`Qfr fdlh iSVuZ esa ckj&ckj vk jgh gS\ dkSulh\
❊ ;s vko`Qfr;k¡ oSQlh js[kkvksa ls cuh gSa\ (d) ?kqekonkj
([k) lh/h
(x ) ?kqekonkj vkSj lh/h nksuksa
❊ vius diM+ksa] viuh ek¡ dh lkM+h] 'kky] pVkb;ksa vkSj nfj;ksa dks x+kSj ls ns[kksA
D;k rqEgsa mlesa fdlh rjg dk dksbZ iSVuZ feyk\ mls viuh dkWih esa cukvksA
69
I+kQ'kZ osQ iSVuZ
D;k rqeus dksbZ ,slk I+kQ'kZ ns[kk gS ftl ij fM”kkbu gksa\
D;k rqEgsa irk gS fd ;s fM”kkbu oSQls cuk, tkrs gSa\ ;s fM”kkbu I+kQ'kZ ij Vkbysa ;k
jax&fcjaxs iRFkj tek dj bl rjg cuk, tkrs gSaS fd fcuk [kkyh txg NksM+s os ,d
nwljs osQ lkFk tqM+ losaQA mnkgj.k osQ fy, bl Vkby dh vko`Qfr dks ns[kks fd bls
fdl rjg fI+kQV fd;k x;k gSA
vc bl N% fdukjs okyh Vkby dks ns[kksA
ns[ksa oSQls bl vko`Qfr dh Vkbysa fcuk [kkyh txg NksM+s I+kQ'kZ dkss iwjh rjg
<drh gaSA
70
1- ;gk¡ chp esa pkj Vkbysa gSaA bu Vkbyksa osQ vkl&ikl pkj iSVuZ cus gSaA ykbu
[khap dj feyku djks fd dkSu lk iSVuZ fdl Vkby ls cuk gSA
rqe viuh Vkbysa [kqn cuk ldrs gks vkSj muls vius iSVuZ cuk ldrs gksA bl
fdrkc osQ ihNs rqEgsa oqQN Vkbysa feysaxhA gj Vkby dks dkV dj mldh Nki cukvks
vkSj mlesa jax HkjksA
2- uhps fn, x, iSSVuZ dks iwjk djksA
71
3- bl iSVuZ dks iwjk djksA vc ist uacj 70 ij fn, x, iSVuZ dks ns[kksA nksuksa esa
N% fdukjs okyh vko`Qfr;k¡ gSa ij nksuksa esa D;k varj gS\
4- [k+q'kcw vkSj gjh”k vkxjk esa jgrs gSaA ,d fnu os rktegy ns[kus x,A rktegy
osQ I+kQ'kZ ij uhps fn[kk;k x;k iSVuZ cuk Fkk%
eq>s yxrk gS fd
eq>s bl iSVuZ esa nks
osQoy ,d gh rjg
vyx&vyx rjg dh
dh Vkby dk bLrseky
Vkbysa fn[k jgh gSaA
fd;k x;k gSA
rqEgsa D;k yxrk gS\ vius nksLrksa ls ckrphr djksA
72
fdl LVkby esa Vkby\
;s iSVuZ bl Vkby ls cus gSaA
bl iSVuZ esa rhu jaxksa dk bLrseky tc nks jaxksa dk bLrseky fd;k rks ;g
fd;k x;k gS rkfd ;g lhf<+;ksa tSlk ihys vkSj uhys iQwyksa dk ,d vyx
fn[ksA iSVuZ cu x;kA
vyx&vyx jaxksa osQ esy ls vius iSVuZ cukvksA
eSaus bl Vkby tSlh ,d
D;k rqeus bl vko`Qfr dks fdlh vkSj iSVuZ esa
feBkbZ ns[kh gS!
ns[kk gS μ fdlh nhokj ij] diM+s ij] njh ij
;k Vksdjh ij\
73
[k”kkus dh [kkst
izS+aQd vkSj twgh dh ek¡ us muosQ fy, migkj Nqik j[kk gSA ysfdu os pkgrh gSa fd
os nksuksa feydj ,d [k”kkus dh rjg mls [kkstsaA mUgksaus mu yksxksa osQ fy, oqQN
funsZ'k fy[k dj j[k fn, gSaA D;k rqe twgh vkSj izS+aQd dh enn dj ldrs gks rkfd
os viuk [k”kkuk <w¡<+ losaQ\
1- lcls yacs isM+ ls 'kq: djksA
2- jkLrs ij vkxs c<+ksA
3- NBs VkbYl ls ckb± vksj eqM+ksA
4- oqQN dne pyus osQ ckn rqEgsa viuh nkb± vksj ,d ikS/k fn[ksxkA
5- bl ikS/s osQ lcls ikl [ksy jgs cPps dh izQkWd esa jax HkjksA
6- ikS/s ls fiQj pyuk 'kq: djksA
7- pkSFks Vkby ls nksckjk ck,¡ eqM+ksA
8- jkLrs esa rqe ikvksxs fd pkSFkh Vkby dk dksuk VwVk gqvk gSA
9- rqEgsa ogk¡ ”kehu ij ,d xsan vkSj ,d cSV iM+ s gq, feysaxsA mUgsa mBkuk er]
osQoy muosQ pkjksa vksj xksy ?ksjk cuk nksA
10- vkxs c<+ks vkSj nk,¡ eqM+ksA
11- rqEgsa ,d vke dk isM+ fn[ksxkA isM+ ij oqQN vke Hkh fn[k jgs gSaA isM+ ij 11
vkeksa esa jax HkjksA
12- vke osQ isM+ osQ vkl&ikl oqQN ?kkl cukvks vkSj jkLrs ij fiQj ls pyuk 'kq:
djksA
13- tc rqe lh/s pyksxs rqEgsa ,d ?kj fn[ksxkA
14- ml ?kj osQ ihNs ,d >ksyk gSA mls [kksyks vkSj rqEgsa mlosQ vanj oqQN ehBk&lk
feysxkA vc ”kjk crkvks izS+aQd vkSj twgh dh ek¡ us >ksys esa D;k j[kk gksxk\
74
[k”kkus dh [kkst dks d{kk esa djokus ls txg dh le> dks c<+kus esa enn feysxhA bl dke ls cPpksa esa fLFkfr (mQij] uhps]
vkxs] ihNs)] nwjh (ikl] nwj)] vkdkj (cM+k] NksVk) dksus vkSj vko`Qfr;ksa dks igpkuus osQ dkS'ky dk fodkl gksxkA ,slh gh
oqQN vkSj xfrfof/;ak¡ djkus ls cPpksa dks dbZ dkS'kyksa osQ fodkl esa enn feysxhA
75
