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Acids Bases PH and Molarity

The document discusses acids, bases, pH, and molarity. It defines acids and bases as releasing H+ or OH- ions in solution. The pH scale measures H+ ion concentration in solution on a logarithmic scale from 0-14. Acid-base neutralization reactions involve acids and bases reacting to form water and salts. Stoichiometry can be used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base by titrating it with a known volume and concentration of the other substance.

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122 views4 pages

Acids Bases PH and Molarity

The document discusses acids, bases, pH, and molarity. It defines acids and bases as releasing H+ or OH- ions in solution. The pH scale measures H+ ion concentration in solution on a logarithmic scale from 0-14. Acid-base neutralization reactions involve acids and bases reacting to form water and salts. Stoichiometry can be used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base by titrating it with a known volume and concentration of the other substance.

Uploaded by

api-205419744
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SE 5 Acids Bases pH and Molarity 19/2/18

Acids, Bases pH and


Molarity

Acids vs Bases

Acids Bases
• Release H+ ions in solution • Release OH- ions in solution
• Start with H and end with • Start with metal and end with
non-metal (except acetic and OH (except ammonium)
citric acid)

A. Di Lallo CRHS 2018 1


SE 5 Acids Bases pH and Molarity 19/2/18

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pH Scale

• Measure of the molar concentration of H+ ions in solution


• pH scale→ concentration of H+ ions written in scientific
notation
• Reason why each unit differs by a factor of 10

Concentration of H+ ions Concentration in scientific pH Handout


(mol/L) notation
1.0 1.0 × 100 0
0.1 1.0 × 10−1 1
0.01 1.0 × 10−2 2
0.001 1.0 × 10−3 3
0.0001 1.0 × 10−4 4
0.00001 1.0 × 10−5 5
0.000001 1.0 × 10−6 6
0.0000001 1.0 × 10−7 7
0.00000001 1.0 × 10−8 8
0.000000001 1.0 × 10−9 9
0.0000000001 1.0 × 10−10 10
0.00000000001 1.0 × 10−11 11
0.000000000001 1.0 × 10−12 12
0.0000000000001 1.0 × 10−13 13
0.00000000000001 1.0 × 10−14 14

A. Di Lallo CRHS 2018 2


SE 5 Acids Bases pH and Molarity 19/2/18

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Acid Base Neutralization

Acid + Base → Salt + Water


• The H+ released from the acid combines with the OH- released
from the base to form water

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Acid base neutralization and stoichiometry

• Stoichiometry of an acid/base neutralization = titration


procedure!
• Used to analyze the initial concentration of an unknown acid/base, by
measuring the volume of used substances in the neutralization reaction

A. Di Lallo CRHS 2018 3


SE 5 Acids Bases pH and Molarity 19/2/18

35.62 mL of NaOH is neutralized with 25.2 mL of 0.0998 mol/L


HCl by titration to an equivalence point. What is the
concentration of NaOH?
𝐻𝐶𝑙 + 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 → 𝐻2 𝑂 + 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 Mol HCl
ratio 1 1
0.0998 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑥
mol = = 0.002515 𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.002515 𝑚𝑜𝑙 0.002515 𝑚𝑜𝑙 1𝐿 0.0252 𝐿
rxn
Conc NaOH

𝑥 0.002515 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= = 0.0706 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿
1𝐿 0.03562 𝐿

128.3 mL of Mg(OH)2 is neutralized with 42.5 mL of 0.25 mol/L


HCl by titration to an equivalence point. What is the
concentration of Mg(OH)2
2𝐻𝐶𝑙 + 𝑀𝑔(𝑂𝐻)2 → 𝐻2 𝑂 + 𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑙2 Mol HCl
ratio 2 1
0.25 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑥
mol = = 0.01069 𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.01069 𝑚𝑜𝑙 0.00535 𝑚𝑜𝑙 1𝐿 0.04275 𝐿
rxn
Conc NaOH

𝑥 0.00535 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= = 0.042 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿
1𝐿 0.1283 𝐿

A. Di Lallo CRHS 2018 4

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