C.17.
Example of a generic hazard list for railway operation
C.17.1. ROSA (Rail Optimisation Safety Analysis), a project in the framework of DEUFRAKO
(French-German cooperation) attempted to establish a generic and comprehensive hazard
list covering standard railway operation. The aim and challenge was to define these hazards
at a maximum level of detail possible while not reflecting the specificities of the French and
German railways. The list was established using currently existing hazard lists from both
countries (SNCF and DB) and was also cross-checked with hazard lists from other countries.
In spite of the declared objective to be comprehensive and generic, the list is only given here
as an indicative example that may serve as a help for the actors when they have to identify
hazards for a particular project. It is expected that the hazards given in this list would
probably need to be refined or complemented to reflect any specificities of a project.
C.17.2. The hazards in the draft list below are called "starting point hazards" (SPH), meaning
hazards from which both a consequence analysis and a causal analysis could be carried out
in order to determine safety measures/barriers and safety requirements for controlling the
hazards.
C.17.3. ROSA project hazard list:
SPH 01 Initial wrong Determination of speed limit (related to infrastructure)
SPH 02 Wrong Determination of speed limit (train related)
SPH 03 Wrong braking distance determined /wrong speed profile / wrong braking
curves
SPH 04 Insufficient deceleration (physical causes)
SPH 05 Wrong/ inappropriate speed/ brake command
SPH 06 Wrong speed registered (wrong speed train)
SPH 07 Failure of speed limit communication
SPH 08 Train rolls away
SPH 09 Wrong travel direction/ intentional backwards moving - (combination of SPH 08
and SPH 14)
SPH 10 Wrong absolute/ relative position registered
SPH 11 Train detection failure
SPH 12 Loss of train integrity
SPH 13 Possible wrong route for train
SPH 14 Failure in transmission/communication of timetable/MA (movement authority)
SPH 15 Guideway structural failure
SPH 16 Broken switch component
SPH 17 Wrong switch command
SPH 18 Wrong switch status
SPH 19 System object on guideway/ within CE (clearance envelope) (excl. Ballast)
SPH 20 Foreign object on guideway/ within CE
SPH 21 Road traffic user on LC
SPH 22 Slipstream effects on ballast
SPH 23 Aerodynamic forces impact on train
SPH 24 Train equipment/ element/ loading infringes CE of train
SPH 25 Inappropriate CE dimension for train (wayside)
SPH 26 Wrong distribution of loading
SPH 27 Broken wheel, broken axle
SPH 28 Hot axle/ wheel/ bearing
SPH 29 Failure of bogie/ suspension, damping
SPH 30 Failure of vehicle frame/ car body
SPH 31 Trespassing (security-aspect)
SPH 32 Authorised person crosses track
European Railway Agency
Collection of examples of risk assessments and of some possible tools
supporting the CSM Regulation
Reference: ERA/GUI/02-2008/SAF Version: 1.1 Page 105 of 105
File Name: Collection_of_RA_Ex_and_some_tools_for_CSM_V1.1.doc
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SPH 33 Staff working on track
SPH 34 Unauthorised person intrudes track (negligence)
SPH 35 Person falls from platform edge onto track
SPH 36 Slipstream/ person too close to platform edge
SPH 37 Staff working near track e.g. neighbouring track
SPH 38 Person leaves train intentionally (excl. passenger exchange)
SPH 39 Person falls out of (side) door
SPH 40 Person falls out of door in end wall
SPH 41 Train leaves/ rolls with open doors (uninfringed CE)
SPH 42 Person falls in gangway area between two cars
SPH 43 Passenger leans out of door
SPH 44 Passenger leans out of window
SPH 45 Staff/ train attendant leans out of door
SPH 46 Staff/ train attendant leans out of window
SPH 47 Shunting staff on vehicle leaning out from step
SPH 48 Person falls/climbs from platform into gap between vehicle and platform
SPH 49 Person falls out of/ leaves train without presence of platform
SPH 50 Person falls in door area at passenger exchange
SPH 51 Train doors close with person in door area
SPH 52 Train moves during passenger exchange
SPH 53 Possibility of person hurt in train
SPH 54 Fire/ explosion hazard (in/ at train) - accident category, Consequence of SPH
55, SPH 56)
SPH 55 Inappropriate temperature (in train)
SPH 56 Intoxication/ asphyxiation (in/ at train)
SPH 57 Electrocution (in/ at train)
SPH 58 Person falls on platform (excluding passenger exchange)
SPH 59 Inappropriate temperature (on platform)
SPH 60 Intoxication/ asphyxiation (on platform)
SPH 61 Electrocution (on platform
