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APA Style Sample
APA STYLE SAMPLE 1
Introduction 1
Discussion 1
Examples 1
Format 2
Summary 3
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APA Style Sample
Introduction
The American Psychological Association (APA) style is
primarily used in the social science disciplines. It is formatted like
Modern Language Association (MLA), and shows many similarities,
but is unique in several key points. This paper discusses the APA in
detail.
Discussion
APA uses parenthetical (or in-text) citations within sentences, but rather
than indicating the author's name and page number, APA includes author's
name and date of publication. The page number, represented with a p. or a
pp., is only added to the citation when using a direct quote (not a summary
or paraphrase). If the author's name is mentioned in the sentence, then place
the date of publication in parentheses directly after the name. If the name is
not mentioned include the author's name and date in parentheses at the end
of the source material. And, if you use a direct quote, place the page number
after the publication date within the parentheses.
Examples
Note the difference between the following three examples:
APA Style Sample 1
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Terrence (1999) has presented poignant examples from 150 interviews.
However, it has been pointed out that the research was conducted in a
selective, highly biased, way (Strong & Porter, 1998). All of the
interviewees have been called “exceptions to the norm” (Strong & Porter,
1998, p. 5).
Note the first example paraphrases an author that is named in the sentence,
the second example paraphrases authors that are not named in the sentence,
and the third example provides a direct quote (thus the inclusion of the page
numbers) but also does not identify the authors within the sentence. If the
authors were identified within the sentence in the third example, the authors'
names would be followed by the year of publication and only the page
numbers would be in the parentheses at the end of the quote.
Format
Finally, the bibliographic page in APA style differs from MLA, what APA
calls the Reference page. You will notice a few immediate differences from
the MLA Works Cited format. With APA you include the initial of the
author's first name rather than the complete name, the publication date
immediately follows the author's name in parentheses, and titles of articles
are not surrounded with quotation marks. The lists are still alphabetized by
author's last name (or title in the absence of an author) and the first line is
flush left while subsequent lines in the same entry are indented in
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(approximately 5 spaces or one tab). A good resource to help you with
referencing is Notre Dame’s referencing guide at
http://library.nd.edu.au/referencing/apa#s-lg-box-3040351. There is also a
summary downloadable help document available at:
http://library.nd.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=8053459. In APA Style, you
include a reference list rather than a bibliography with your paper (APA,
2017). A reference list consists of all sources cited in the text of a paper
whereas a bibliography may include resources that were consulted but not
cited in the text as well as an annotated description of each one.
Summary
The School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, uses the
APA 6th referencing style for all written documents. In addition to in text
referencing and the reference list there are a number of formatting
requirements to ensure your essay complies with APA standards. Get to
know the APA 6th.
APA Style Sample 3
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References
APA. bibliography versus reference list. Retrieved
from http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide-on-
references.aspx#Bibliography
Bretag, T. (2013). Challenges in addressing plagiarism in education. PLoS
Medicine, 10(12), e1001574.
Hosny, M., & Fatima, S. (2014). Attitude of students towards cheating and
plagiarism: University case study.Journal of Applied
Sciences, 14(8), 748-757. doi:10.3923/jas.2014.748.757
Strong, R. L., & Porter, M. (1998). Grammatical combinations. In S. Parker,
& K. Gibson (Eds.), Language and literacy (pp. 540-578).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Terrence, H. S. (1999, November 1,). Student success in community
colleges Oregonion, pp. A7.
