Features

• Direct Supply from the Mains

• Current Consumption £ 0.5 mA
• Very Few External Components
• Full-wave Drive – No DC Current Component in the Load Circuit
• Negative Output Current Pulse Typically 100 mA – Short-circuit Protected
• Simple Power Control
• Ramp Generator
• Reference Voltage Zero-voltage
Switch with
Applications
• Full-wave Power Control Adjustable
• Temperature Regulation
• Power Blinking Switch Ramp
Description
The integrated circuit, T2117, is designed as a zero-voltage switch in bipolar technol- T2117
ogy. It is used to control resistive loads at mains by a triac in zero-crossing mode. A
ramp generator allows power control function by period group control, whereas
full-wave logic guarantees that full mains cycles are used for load switching.

Rev. 4768A–INDCO–11/03
Figure 1. Block Diagram with Typical Circuit, Period Group Control 0 to 100%

L
D1

220 kW R2 18 kW/ Load

R1
(250 V~) (Rsync) 2W 1000 W

-VS
C2 R4
2 8 5 C1
100 kW 100 µF/
2.2 µF/ 1 7 VM = 230 V~
Ramp 16 V
10 V Synchronization Supply
generator
GND
R5 MT2
12 kW 3
+ 6 100 W MT1
max 4 + Full-wave logic
- Pulse R3
Comparator
100 kW amplifier

min Reference voltage

1.4 V
R6 T2117
18 kW
N

Pin Configuration
Figure 2. Pinning DIP8/SO8

RAMP 1 8 VSYNC

CRAMP 2 7 GND
T2117

POSIN 3 6 OUTPUT

NEGIN 4 5 VS

Pin Description
Pin Symbol Function
1 RAMP Ramp output
2 CRAMP Ramp capacitor
3 POSIN Non-inverting comparator input
4 NEGIN Inverting comparator input
5 VS Supply voltage
6 OUTPUT Trigger pulse output
7 GND Ground
8 VSYNC Voltage synchronization

2 T2117
4768A–INDCO–11/03
 T2117

General Description The integrated circuit T2117 is a triac controller for zero-crossing mode. It is designed to
control power in switching resistive loads of mains supplies.
Information regarding synchronous supply is provided at pin 8 via resistor RSync. To
avoid a DC load on the mains, the full-wave logic guarantees that complete mains
cycles are used for load switching.
A fire pulse is released when the inverting input of the comparator is negative (pin 4)
with respect to the non-inverting input (pin 3) and internal reference voltage. A ramp
generator with freely selectable duration can be performed by capacitor C2 at pin 2. The
ramp function is used for open-loop control (Figure 4), but also for applications with pro-
portional band regulation (Figure 11 on page 9). Ramp voltage available at capacitor C2
is decoupled across the emitter follower at pin 1. To maintain the lamp flicker specifica-
tion, the ramp duration is adjusted according to the controlling load. One can use
internal reference voltage for simple applications. In that case, pin 3 is inactive and con-
nected to pin 7 (GND), see Figure 13 on page 11.

Figure 3. Pin 1 Internal Network

T2117

Ramp
1 control

R4
2 C2
-VS

Figure 4. Threshold Voltage of the Ramp at VS = -8.8 V

t
V1
-1.6 V Final voltage
Vmin

-7.6 V Initial voltage

T Vmax

3
4768A–INDCO–11/03
Triac Firing Current This depends on the triac requirement. It can be limited by the gate series resistance
which is calculated as follows:
(Pulse)
7.5 V – V Gmax
RGmax » -----------------------------------
- – 36 W
I Gmax

IGmax
I P = -------------- ´ tp
T

where:
VG = Gate voltage
IGmax = Maximum gate current
Ip = Average gate current
tp = Firing pulse width
T = Mains period duration

Firing Pulse Width tp This depends on the latching current of the triac and its load current. The firing pulse
width is determined by the zero-crossing detection which can be influenced by the syn-
chronous resistance, Rsync, (see Figure 6 on page 5).

2 IL ´ VM
t p = ---- arc. sin æ ------------------ö
w è P 2 ø

where
IL = Latching current of the triac
VM = Mains supply, effective
P = Load power
The total current consumption is influenced by the firing pulse width which can be calcu-
lated as follows:
tp
VM 2 sin æ w ´ ----ö – 0.6 V
è 2ø
Rsync = ------------------------------------------------------------------ – 49 k W
-5
3.5 ´ 10 A

4 T2117
4768A–INDCO–11/03
 T2117

Figure 5. Output Pulse Width

10.00

VMains = 230 V ~

tp (ms)
1.00

0.10 IL (mA)

200
100
50
0.01
10 100 1000 10000
P (W)

Figure 6. Synchronization Resistance

2000
VMains = 230 V ~

1600
Rsync (kW)

1200

800

400

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
tp (µs)

Supply Voltage The T2117 contains a voltage limiting funtion and can be connected with the mains sup-
ply via the diode D1 and the resistor R 1. The supply voltage between pin 5 and 7 is
limited to a typical value of 9.5 V.
The series resistance R1 can be calculated as follows (Figure 7 on page 6 and Figure 8
on page 6):

2
V Mmin – VSmax ( VM – V S )
R1max = 0.85 ------------------------------------- ; P (R1) = ----------------------------
-
2 I tot 2 R1

Itot = IS + IP + Ix

5
4768A–INDCO–11/03
 where
VM = Mains voltage
VS = Limiting voltage of the IC
Itot = Total current consumption
IS = Current requirement of the IC (without load)
Ix = Current requirement of other peripheral components
P(R1) = Power dissipation at R1

Figure 7. Maximum Resistance of R1

50

40 VMains = 230 V~
R1 (kW)

30

20

10

0
0 3 6 9 12 15
Itot (mA)

Figure 8. Power Dissipation of R1 According to Current Consumption

6
VMains = 230 V ~
5

4
PR1 (W)

0
0 3 6 9 12 15
Itot (mA)

6 T2117
4768A–INDCO–11/03
 T2117

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating
only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this
specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Parameters Pin Symbol Value Unit
Supply current 5 -IS 30 mA
Synchrounous current 8 Isync 5 mA
Output current ramp generator 1 IO 3 mA
1, 3, 4, 6 -VI £VS V
Input voltages 2 -VI 2 to VS V
8 ±VI £7.3 V
Power dissipation
Tamb = 45°C Ptot 400 mW
Tamb = 100°C Ptot 125 mW
Junction temperature Tj 125 °C
Operating ambient
Tamb 0 to 100 °C
temperature range
Storage temperature range Tstg -40 to +125 °C

Thermal Resistance
Parameters Symbol Value Unit
Junction ambient SO8 RthJA 200 K/W
Junction ambient DIP8 RthJA 110 K/W

Electrical Characteristics
-VS = 8.8 V, Tamb = 25°C, reference point pin 7, unless otherwise specified
Parameters Test Conditions Pin Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Supply-voltage -IS = 1 mA -VS 9.0 9.5 10.0 V
5
limitation -IS = 10 mA -VS 9.1 9.6 10.1 V
Supply current 5 -IS 500 µA
Voltage limitation I8 = ±1 mA 8 ±VI 7.7 8.2 8.7 V
Synchronization
8 ±Isync 0.12 mA
current
Zero detector 8 ±Isync 35 µA
VM= 230 V ~
Output pulse width Rsync = 220 kW 6 tP 260 µs
Rsync = 470 kW 6 tP 460 µs
Output pulse current V6 = 0 V 6 -IO 100 mA
Comparator
Input offset voltage 3, 4 ±VI0 15 mV
Input bias current 4 IIB 1 µA
Common-mode input
3, 4 -VIC 1 (VS - 1) V
voltage

7
4768A–INDCO–11/03
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
-VS = 8.8 V, Tamb = 25°C, reference point pin 7, unless otherwise specified
Parameters Test Conditions Pin Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Threshold internal
V3 = 0 V 4 -VRef 1.4 V
reference
Ramp Generator, Figure 1 on page 2
-IS = 1 mA
Isync = 1 mA
Period C1 = 100 µF 1 T 1.5 s
C2 = 2.2 µF
R4 = 100 kW
Final voltage 1 -V1 1.2 1.6 2.0 V
Initial voltage 1 -V1 7.2 7.6 8.0 V
Charge current V2 = -VS, I8 = -1 mA 2 -I2 14 20 26 µA

Applications
Figure 9. Power Blinking Switch with f » 2.7 Hz, Duty Cycle 1:1, Power Range 0.5 to 2.2 kW

0.5 ...
2.2 kW 270 kW

100 nF/
VM = 230 V ~ 250 V ~
18 kW/
1.5 W

56 W
82 W
N

8 7 6 5

T2117

1 2 3 4

150 kW 110 kW

47 µF/ 16V 0.47 µF/

10 V

8 T2117
4768A–INDCO–11/03
 T2117

Figure 10. Power Switch

L
RL
Load 270 kW

VM = 230 V ~
18 kW
56 W
1.5 W
N VDR

+5 V
8 7 6 5

T2117

1 2 3 4
56 kW

47 µF/
II ³ 1.5 mA
10 V 39 kW
VI

Figure 11. Temperature Control 15°C to 35°C with Sensor Monitoring

L
D1
2.2 µF/ C2
R2 18 kW/
10 V 220 kW R1
Load
(250 V~) (Rsync) 2W 1000 W

R8
R4
470 kW 2 8 5
100 kW C1
1 Ramp 7 VM = 230 V~
Synchronization Supply
generator
NTC R(25) R6
B value = 3988 R5(1)
100 kW 100 kW
3
+ 6 100 W
4 + Full-wave logic
R9 - Pulse R3
Comparator
150 W amplifier

Reference voltage
Rp R7 1.4 V T2117
220 kW 130 kW
N

R(25) = 100 kW/B = 3988 --> R(15) = 159 kW, R(35) = 64.5 kW, R5(1) determines the proportional range.

9
4768A–INDCO–11/03
Figure 12. Room Temperature Control with Definite Reduction (Remote Control) for a Temperature Range of 5 to 30°C

L -DT

0.35 ... R1
R4
Load 1.5 kW 510 kW
680 kW
R5
VM = 230 V ~

680 kW
R2
R3 13 kW/2 W
IH = 50 mA 62 W
N

R16
8 7 6 5

220 kW
R6
T2117 9.1 kW

R7

1 2 3 4 12 kW

R10 R15
C3
910 kW 25 kW

R9 10 nF
C1
NTC
12 kW 2.2 µF
33 kW
C5 R8
100 µF/ C4 C2
12 V 47 µF 56 kW 1 µF

10 T2117
4768A–INDCO–11/03
 T2117

Figure 13. Two-point Temperature Control for a Temperature Range of 15°C to 30°C

Load/1000 W 220 kW

VM = 230 V ~
18 kW/
1.5 W
VDR
56 W
N

8 7 6 5

220 kW
(680 kW)
T2117

500 kW
1 2 3 4 (2 MW)

10 nF 50 kW
68 µF/ (200 kW)
NTC
10 V

11
4768A–INDCO–11/03
Figure 14. Two-point Temperature Control for a Temperature of 18°C to 32°C and a Hysteresis of ±0.5°C at 25°C

L
D1
Rsync
Load/400 W
430 kW
VM = 230 V~
R1 18 kW/
1.5 W

92 W

N
R3

8 7 6 5

NTC
200 kW
T2117
D2

1 2 3 4
R6
R15
27 kW 50 kW

330 kW
R4
39 kW
R5
R7 C2
8.2 kW
150 nF
C3 C1
33 µF/ ³ 68 µF/
10 V 10 V

12 T2117
4768A–INDCO–11/03
 T2117

Ordering Information
Extended Type Number Package Remarks
T2117-3AS DIP8 Tube
T2117-TAS SO8 Tube
T2117-TAQ SO8 Taped and reeled

Package Information

Package DIP8
Dimensions in mm 9.8 7.77
9.5 7.47
1.64
1.44

4.8 max

6.4 max
0.5 min 3.3
0.36 max
0.58 9.8
0.48 2.54 8.2
7.62

8 5

technical drawings
according to DIN
specifications

1 4

13
4768A–INDCO–11/03
 Package SO8 5.2
Dimensions in mm 4.8
5.00
4.85 3.7

1.4

0.25 0.2
0.4 3.8
0.10
1.27 6.15
3.81 5.85

8 5

technical drawings
according to DIN
specifications

1 4

14 T2117
4768A–INDCO–11/03
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4768A–INDCO–11/03