Data Center Infrastructure
CT109-3-2&Version 2
Room Layout
Topic & Structure of The Lesson
• Room Layout
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Learning Outcomes
• At the end of this topic, YOU
should be able to:
• Identify IT cabinet types and their
installation – including rack mount
and blade configurations.
• Explain what is a hot aisle/cold aisle
configuration and understand the
benefits of air management.
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Key Terms You Must Be Able To
Use
• If you have mastered this topic, you should be able to use the
following terms correctly in your assignments and exams:
• Core Layer
• Aggregation Layer
• Access Layer
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Standard Requirements
Even if small differences between generic and data center
cabling are uncovered between the American TIA-942 standard
and international and European standards, these bodies of
standards essentially differ only in how they name functional
elements.
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Entrance Room
• Entrance Room (External Network Interface): This is the
entrance area to the network in the data center, which
provides for access to the public network (the Internet
provider) and can be connected multiple times,
depending upon the “tier” level that is selected. In
smaller networks, the External Network Interface can be
connected directly to the Horizontal Distribution Area
(Zone Distributor).
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Main Distribution Area
Main Distribution Area (Main Distributor): This
area represents the core of the data center and
therefore forms the “lifeblood” of the network,
which is why the redundant connections and
components just in this area alone are of crucial
importance. All data traffic in the backbone is
therefore controlled here, which is why this point
in the network is known as the Core Layer.
However, the Aggregation Layer (or Distribution
Layer), whose aggregation/distribution switches
bundle and forward Access Layer data traffic to
the core, is also located in this area.
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Horizontal Distribution Area
Horizontal Distribution Area (Zone Distributor):
In this “interface” between backbone and
horizontal cabling, the data traffic of the access
switches which control the data exchange with
terminal devices is “passed over” to the
aggregation layer. This area in the network is
known as the Access Layer.
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Zone Distribution Area (Local Distribution
Point): This area is for “interim distribution” to the
Equipment Distribution Area, which can be
used for reasons of space and is placed in the
raised floor, for example. The Raised Floor
Solution from R&M that was developed for this
purpose provides the ideal option for this process,
since it allows up to 288 connections per box and
is freely configurable, thanks to its modular
design.
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Other rooms
• Telecom Room: This is the location where the
connection to the internal network is located.
• The Operation Center, Support Room and
Offices are rooms for data center personnel.
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Cabling
• Backbone cabling is preferably laid with fiber
optic cables, and horizontal cabling with copper
cables.
• Possible transmission protocols and the
associated maximum transmission rates are
defined at the same time that cable types are
selected, which is why this is a significant
decision which determines the future viability of
the data center.
• An equally important factor in data center
scalability is determination of the cabling
architecture, which in turn influences network
availability and determines rack arrangement.
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Room Concepts
Different room concepts exist with regard to data
center layout
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Room-in-Room Concept
The classical Room-in-Room Concept with
separate technical and IT security rooms that house
any type and number of server racks and network
cabinets is equipped with raised floors, dropped
ceilings if necessary, active and passive fire
protection and a cooling system.
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Modular Container Concept
The large room container is a Modular Container
Concept with separate units for air conditioning
and energy, as well as an IT container to house
server, storage and network devices.
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Self-Sufficient Outdoor Data
Center
The Self-Sufficient Outdoor Data Center, with its
own block heating and generating plant, also
provides a transportable data center infrastructure,
but is independent from the external energy supply.
The associated power plant provides for the supply
of both energy as well as cold water, through an
absorption unit.
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Compact Data Center
The redundant, automated Compact Data Center
represents an entire, completely redundant data center
which includes infrastructure and high-performance
servers in one housing. Due to its high power density,
this “Mini Data Center” is also a suitable platform for
private cloud computing.
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Security Zones
• Information technology security is a broad term which
includes logical data security, physical system security,
and organizational process security. The goal of a
comprehensive security concept is to examine all areas,
detect and assess risks early on and take measures so
that a company’s competitive ability on the market is not
at risk.
• When a company’s IT infrastructure and different IT
functional areas are taken into consideration, a well
throughout design can reduce or even eliminate significant
physical security risks. Both the locations of IT areas and
the spatial assignment of different functions together play
a decisive role in this process.
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Functional Areas
The following criteria should be examined when considering
the physical security of a data center location:
· Low potential of danger through neighboring uses, adjacent areas or functions
· Avoidance of risks through media and supply lines, tremors, chemicals, etc. which
may impair the physical
security of IT systems
· Prevention of possible dangers through natural hazards (water, storms, lightning,
earthquakes) – assessment
of the characteristics of a region
· The data center as a separate, independent functional area
· Protection from sabotage via a “protected” location
· An assessment of the danger potential that is based on the social position of the
company
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The different functional areas can be
divided up as follows:
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Solution per the cold aisle/hot aisle
principle – closed-circuit air
conditioning
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Plenum Feed, Plenum Return
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Quick Review Question
• Briefly explain the following:
a. Core Layer
b. Aggregation Layer
c. Access Layer
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Summary of Main Teaching Points
• Discussed room layout in detail
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Question and Answer Session
Q&A
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What we will cover next
• Fire Protection and Security Systems
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