ASSIGNMENT -04

BUILDING SERVICES 03

ACOUSTICS

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

AR.SURJEET SINGH PUNEET CHHONKER
B.ARCH,4TH YEAR, 7TH SEM.
 INDEX

CONTENT PAGE NO.

• STRUCTURE BORNE & AIR BORNE 1

SOUND
• AIR-BORNE SOUND 1
1
• STRUCTURE-BORNE NOISE
2
• SECURITY SYSTEMS IN A
BUILDING

• SURVEILLANCE SECURITY SYSTEMS 3

• MOTION SENSOR SECURITY SYSTEMS 3

• FIRE SECURITY SYSTEMS 4

• PHYSICAL BARRIERS 4

• PHYSICAL
GAURD
• ALARM SYSTEM DEFINITION AND 5-6
TYPES
• ALARMS THAT CAN BE OPERATE 6
 STRUCTURE BORNE & AIR BORNE SOUND
Structure Borne Sound is the sound which spreads in solid bodies such as walls of houses, heaters, pipes, etc.
Transmission occurs particularly by tremors which are conducted by vibration

Air Borne Sound is ultimately the sound which

can spread only via the air. This can be detected,
at least by the human ear, from 20Hz - 20000Hz

Common cause: Structure-borne noise: • Is the sound generated from a vibrating source /impact event. • The
acoustic energy created by these vibrations is transmitted into the structure of a building (e.g. floors, walls, pipe-
work etc.) or into mechanical elements (e.g. metal frames, panel work, supports etc.) • This energy travels through
solid structures and released as air-borne noise at different locations within the building or mechanical system.

Air-borne Sound: • Is the sound that travels through

Structure-borne noise
the air and into the surrounding environment.
Sound created by Vibration (knocking table • In closed environments such as rooms and enclosures,
acoustic energy air-borne sound may reverberate (echo) and increase the
Transmitted into the table levels of noise both in and outside the contained space

SOUND TRANSMISSION The TRANSMISSION of acoustic energy through a medium via a SOUND WAVE.
Factors which affect the propagation of sound
Geometric Spreading

2. Atmospheric Effects: (a) Air Absorption

All media have three properties which affect the behavior of sound propagation:
1. A relationship between density and pressure. This relationship, affected by temperature, determines the speed
of sound within the medium.
2. The motion of the medium itself, e.g., wind. Independent of the motion of sound through the medium, if the
medium is moving, the sound is further transported.
3. The viscosity of the medium. This determines the rate at which sound is attenuated. For many media, such as
air or water, attenuation due to viscosity is negligible.
 A security system designed to detect intrusion unauthorized entry into a building or area.
Security system are used in residential, commercial, industrial, and military properties for protection
against burglary or property damage, as well as personal protection against intruders

TYPES OF SECURITY SYSTEMS

Access control is a security technique that regulates who or
what can view or use resources in a computing environment. It
is a fundamental concept in security that minimizes risk to the
business or organization
.
There are two types of access control:
•Physical
•Logical.

Physical access control limits access to campuses, buildings,

rooms and physical IT assets.
Logical access control limits connections to computer
networks, system files and data.

To secure a facility, organizations use electronic access control

systems that rely on user credentials, access card readers,
auditing and reports to track employee access to restricted
business locations and proprietary areas, such as data centers.
Some of these systems incorporate access control panels to
restrict entry to rooms and buildings as well as alarms and
lockdown capabilities to prevent unauthorized access or
operations.

Access control systems perform identification authentication

and authorization of users and entities by evaluating required
login credentials that can include passwords, personal
identification numbers (PINs), biometric scans, security tokens
or other authentication factors. Multifactor authentication,
which requires two or more authentication factors, is often an
important part of layered defense to protect access control
systems.
2. Surveillance Security Systems

Worried that an intruder might find his way to your treasured possessions? Although you can insure almost anything
and everything today, what about beautiful memories like photos or gifts from loved ones? Can you put a price on
that? Losing a memory or a family heirloom could be both tragic and frustrating. However, with the right steps, it
could be avoided.

So the question is, can your security system keep an eye on your home when you are not around? If you hesitated in
answering that question, then you should rethink your strategy.
Here is a statistic: In 2012 Property Room (Online Police Auction Service) reported that jewelry was the third most
stolen item in the US.
Surveillance systems, as the name suggests, are designed to keep an eye and cover blind spots in your house or
workplace.

3. Motion Sensor Security Systems

A motion sensor (or motion detector) is the linchpin of your security system, because it’s the main device that
detects when someone is in your home when they shouldn’t be. A motion sensor uses one or multiple technologies
to detect movement in an area. If a sensor is tripped, a signal is sent to your security system’s control panel, which
connects to your monitoring center, alerting you and the monitoring center to a potential threat in your home.

The following guide will answer all your questions about motion sensors: the different types, technology
used, proper placement, and how to use and install them.

3. Fire Security Systems

A fire alarm system has a number of devices working together to detect and warn people through visual and audio
appliances when smoke, fire, carbon monoxide or other emergencies are present. These alarms may be activated
automatically from smoke detectors, and heat detectors or may also be activated via manual fire alarm
activation devices such as manual call points or pull stations
Alarms can be either motorized bells or wall mountable sounders or horns. They can also be [(speaker strobes])
which sound an alarm, followed by a voice evacuation message which warns people inside the building not to use
the elevators.

Types of Fire Alarm Systems… Automatic FireAlarm System: These devices play
an important role in case of fire emergency. These are complicated as they
are significant. As the name suggests, fire flames are detected in earlier
stages and building occupants are get notified to be safe from fire.
Manual Fire Alarm System: This sort of traditional system is operated
manually to control huge burnings. This is limited only to the pull stations.

PHYSICAL BARRIERS may be of two general types, natural and structural. Natural barriers include
mountains, cliffs, canyons, rivers, or other terrain difficult to traverse. Structural barriers are man-made devices
such as fences, walls, floors, roofs, grills, bars, or other structures that deter penetration

Physical security is often a second thought when it comes to information security. Since physical security has
technical and administrative elements, it is often overlooked because most organizations focus on "technology-
oriented security countermeasures" (Harris, 2013) to prevent hacking attacks
Physical security describes security measures that are designed to deny unauthorized access to facilities,
equipment and resources and to protect personnel and property from damage or harm (such as espionage, theft,
or terrorist attacks).[1] Physical security involves the use of multiple layers of interdependent systems which
include CCTV surveillance, security guards, protective barriers, locks, access control protocols, and many other
techniques
PHYSICAL GAURD
On-site security is important, but there are few companies which put emphasis on cost when deciding which type of
security to have. Having a visible deterrent which can also offer evidence and accountability for security is often of
equal importance to cost, and is something that can be facilitated by two different security measures – CCTV
surveillance systems and security guards. Both of these options offer that accountability and can act as a visible
deterrent, but which is likely to be the most cost effective security system for your business

ALARM SYSTEM DEFINITION AND TYPES

An alarm is a device that makes a loud sound or other indication as a warning or signal.
In the construction industry, alarms are typically used to alert people to potential danger or damage.

There are several different types of building alarm, including:

Accessible toilet alarm: Allows occupants to call for assistance.
•Carbon monoxide detector: Electrochemical sensing technology sounds an alarm if carbon monoxide is detected.
Many carbon monoxide alarms are combined with smoke alarms in one device.
•Deterrence alarm: A high-pitched sound that is particularly audible to younger people, can be used as a form
of hostile architecture.
•Fire alarm: Gives early warning of developing fires to enable evacuation.
•Flood alarm: Senses the presence of water and can provide early warning of leaks, i.e. in pipework or boilers.
•Intruder alarm: Detects attempted intrusion or unauthorised entry into a building, room, site or
secure installation and triggers a response. Some burglar alarms are simple auditory warnings, while others are
linked to surveillance cameras, light systems, and remote monitoring by security companies.
•Heat alarm: Have fixed-temperature elements and respond to the temperature of the fire gases in the immediate
vicinity of the heat alarm.
•Lift emergency alarm: Sounds an alarm in the event of a passenger lift breakdown to alert personnel.
•Multi-sensor alarm: Detect more than one fire phenomena, for example optical and heat detection.
•Smoke alarm: Can be optical (detect the scattering or absorption of light within the detector chamber) or
ionisation (more sensitive to smoke containing small particles such as rapidly burning flaming fires but are less
sensitive to steam
With so many types of alarms in the market today, it can get overwhelming to decide which one you
really need.
So we've rounded up only the most essential types of alarms that would be useful for modern
businesses today.
alarm system companies to get the best providers in the market

THE THREE CRITERIA FOR RANKING

ALARM SYSTEMS
Alarm Technology & System Type
Installation Requirements, Installation Ownership & Maintenance
Customer Support, Training Availability & Self-Service Documentation

ALARMS THAT CAN BE OPERATE

Door Alarm
Given that doors are the most common points of entry when crime strikes, establishing a
robust door alarm system is essential in ensuring safety of your employees, property, and
confidential data. Here are some more detailed reviews of the best-in-class companies for door
alarms in physical security
Intrusion Alarm
To enhance the robustness of intrusion alarms, such systems can also be combined with video
surveillance to provide visual evidence; or access control systems to customise access rights
by time, people and doors
Alarm Integrator
Alarms are now expected to not only work excellently on itself, but also possess the ability to
be integrated with other alarm systems. These companies have proved to own alarms which
are easy to be integrated