• MINE CANADIAN

ROYALTIES

EXCAVATOR TRAINING
• 385 C et 390 CATERPILLAR
This training was developed and
based on advice and feedback
from employees at the
Canadian Royalties mine site.
Objectives
Standardize operations and ensure that each
employee has received the same information in order
to perform their tasks efficiently and safely.

HAVE A GOOD
READING!!
 MODULE
1. Specifications of the machine
2. Safety and procedure to be
followed
3. Inspection / maintenance
4. Various operating methods
5. Machine shutdown
- Caterpillar 385 C
- Caterpillar 390 D

You have 2 types of

excavators in the field for
production.
 A few facts about your machine
Caterpillar 390 D

Caterpillar 385 C
A few facts about your machine
A few facts about your machine
A few facts about your machine
What do the numbers and letters mean?

390 D LME

3 90 D LME

Product LARGE
Tonnage Series
type MASSIVE
90,39 tons (Model) EQUIPMENT
(Excavator)
 MODULE
1. Specifications of the
machine
2. Safety and procedure to be
followed
3. Inspection / maintenance
4. Various operating methods
5. Machine shutdown
Do not forget :
1. No smoking in the machines.
2. Keep your cab neat and clean.
3. Always make sure your communication radio is turned on.
4. Report any breakage and/or observations of premature wear to your
supervisor.
5. Avoid working with the door open.
6. Buckle up.
7. Adjust your seat to prevent injury and/or occupational disease.
8. Always think about your work methods.

A good operator always asks himself

if the way he works is the most efficient and safe way for
himself, others and the machine.
 Safety point
1. Make sure the area is safe:
• no one inside the machine;
• other moving machinery;
• ice, unstable ground, stone, unstable wall, snow, rain, mud, etc.

1. Make sure you have the necessary PPE for visual

inspection.
(Safety glasses, hard hat, vest, safety gloves and boots well laced.)
Make sure you clean your work areas
thoroughly before you get on board.
Utilisez en tout temps les 3 points d’appui
In the event of a rollover
1. Turn the engine off, if it is not already off.

2. There are two to three emergency exits, depending on

the excavator:

• One on the roof. (Small Trap)

• One on the rear window. (Small ring to pull)
• One on the side of the boom. (Hammer to shatter the glass)

In case of spills or fires.

If you are outside of the machine, turn the
engine off with the emergency stop to minimize
breakage.
 MODULE
1. Specifications of the machine
2. Safety and procedure to be
followed
3. Inspection / maintenance
4. Various operating methods
5. Machine shutdown
 THE
INSPECTION
 Why do an inspection?
In order to ensure a thorough follow-up of our
machines, to detect a problem before the work starts, to
avoid aggravating a breakage and for the health and
safety of all.

Always keep the same course for the

inspection.

2
3

4 1

So you don't forget anything

Check the general condition of the excavator
• Visible cracks
• Oil drips
• Damaged panel or tools
• Window clean and in good condition
• The boom, the swing, the bucket
• Tractions, the cab, etc.

Brain is a muscle
 UNDERCARRIAGE INSPECTION

Wear of upper rollers.

Round, tight, doesn't drip

GENERAL
CONDITION
Wear of lower rollers.

Bolts present
well tightened

Bolt, oil, smooth running, no slack..

 Track tension
A track that is too tight or too
loose will cause premature wear of
the undercarriage (chain, roller,
sprocket ...).

Make sure you have the right

tension when moving.

Too loose AAloose

loosetrack
trackcan
canbebe
tolerated
toleratedononflat ground,
flat ground, but
but
make
make sure it it
sure is is
well ajusted
well ajusted
when
when working
working ononuneven
uneven
ground.
ground.
Too tight (Stone,
(Stone, bump,
bump, slope,
slope,etc.).
etc.).
Sprocket wheel
(Final drive) (Planetary
gearboxes)

• Tooth wear
• The bolts
• Oil leaks
Planetary gear motor
Check for oil leaks

Swing drive
Excessive grease and bolts
 Protective plates
Bolts, plates in place, fluid leaks

If there is a leak, determine what the fluid is, locate

the leak.
and determine the gravity.
Record the damage on your Pre trip inspection form
Check the undercarriage frame.
-Bolts
-Cracks
 Make sure the excavator is in the
Check the hydraulic pump, hoses, oil correct position to check the hydraulic
leaks and premature wear and tear. oil.
 Make sure you have the right
equipment
for fire protection in compliance with
the fire protection regulations.
 Safety Notes
Be sure to securely lock the hood support bar to prevent an
unwanted fall on your head.
 Check engine oil, antifreeze, belt,
leaks, broken wires ...
Check for hoses, leaks
or premature wear.

Pull, wipe, enter,

remove and check
Check for cracks, locks
and pins.
Check the oil in the swing Cracks and leaks.
motor.
Oil leaks on a cylinder and contamination
Check for cracks

Grease hoses
and bolts
 Safety Notes

As soon as you sit in the cab, fasten your seat belt so

you don't forget it.

• Take time to adjust your seat.

 Straight back
 Near the joysticks
 Comfortable
• Adjust your mirrors.
Startup procedure
1. Ignition key, until the preheating
system switches off or at least for 5 to
10 sec.

2. Toot the horn.

3. Start the engine.

4. Check whether the engine oil pressure

indicator light goes out.

5. Check the fuel level before starting your

operation.

Check around before you start

moving the machine.
Understanding indicator lights.

Transmissio
Hydraulic Engine Brake
n
Inspection form
 Warming the equipment
When starting and even after the engine has been running for
some time, the hydraulic oil must be warmed up before
operating the machine.

WHY ?
 To avoid damages.
 For everyone's safety.
 To be more precise.
 WHY ?
Hydraulic oil temperature
overheats, when it is extremely cold.
1. The oil freezes in the radiator,
due to the extreme cold.

2. So it goes through the

secondary path to the tank.

3. It is no longer cooled by the

passage through the radiator,
so it overheats.

HOW ?
To restore the situation, we have to cover the radiator with a
cardboard or canvas so that the oil warms up and lets the oil
pass through fluidly.
Warming Sequence

3 1
4

5
 MODULE
1. Specifications of the machine
2. Safety and procedure to be
followed
3. Inspection / maintenance
4. Various operating methods
5. Machine shutdown
 Travels

Keep your center of gravity in the Use the bucket to help you
center with the bucket. change direction.

Moving backward.
 Safety Notes

Person approaching
• Warning
• Floor Accessory
• Closed hydraulic circuit
breaker
• Eye contact ( signal )
 Travelling backard
A backward movement with all types of
tracked machines causes a great deal of
premature wear to the tracks and
sprockets.
Moving up 1.Smoothing the slope
2.Stretch accessories to the maximum
3.Stick the teeth into the material
4.Move forward, raise the boom, approach
the dipper and open the bucket.
Do not exceed the 90 degree angle
before repositioning the accessories.

Moving down
1. Smoothing the slope
2. Stretching accessories
3. Put the bottom of the bucket on the
ground.
4. Do not slide the bucket on the ground
and/or hold on by following the
movement with the bucket, dipperstick
and boom.
Do not exceed the 90 degree angle
before repositioning the accessories.
LOADING TRUCKS
 Be ready to load the truck
1. Make sure you are stable.
2. Clear the back of the excavator
and tracks properly.

3. The tracks must be aligned

with the truck's box.
(Height)
• Flat surface.

• Avoid large stones on the

ground.

• If you have an unevenness on

the ground (rock cap), level
each side to reduce premature
wear and tear on trucks and
operator.
Do not follow the shape of the ground, but rather leave
a 60 to 90 cm layer of loose material from the start.

B
Avoid premature wear and tear

Make sure to use the bucket properly to level

the ground.
Make sure to keep finer material on the ground to
smooth the surface.

HOW ?
1- Warning:

Do not rub the bottom of the bucket

on the ground to flatten the ground.
Use the teeth .

And of course the bucket is

not a hammer, you have to
remove the rocks and not
bury them.
2. Use the teeth to screen the
material.
3. This way, finer material will
pass through the teeth.
3. Criss-cross your tracks to screen the material as much as
possible.

And we repeat that it is forbidden to:

Sweeping sideways
Tapping with the bottom of the bucket
Apply pressure to the bottom of the bucket.

Only the teeth are made to be weared out.

 LOADING TRUCKS
Basic rules:
• Always keep the ground as straight as possible.
• (If one stone is higher than the others, keep it level and
smooth the slope on each side).
• Do not follow the rock, leave a layer of material about 2 to 3 feet
thick.
• Make sure you are always ready when the truck arrives.
• Stabilize your excavator to avoid unnecessary adjustments.
• If you have to wait, there is always work to be done.
(Sort out material, pick up stones that interfere with the truck, work on
ground evenness, etc.).
• Make sure you have chipped the wall before you go too far.
• Load the truck from the front first, and finish in the back.
• Make sure there are no loose stones on the side of the box.
• Drop the first buckets gently and avoid large stones. (Bulder)
• Work logically and avoid wasting time.
(A truck should be full between 2.55 minutes and 3.18 minutes).
 LOADING TRUCKS

The different minerals

PGE E You can identify the
PGE E You can identify the
grade with the weight
grade with the weight
and another with the
and another with the
color.
color.
MARGINAL D But in case of doubt,
MARGINAL D But in case of doubt,
the geological
the geological
technician is on site
technician is on site
to show you the
to show you the
STERILE different grades.
STERILE different grades.
 Safety Notes
Position your tracks in line with the truck when loading.

WHY ?
• More stability.
• Minimizes frontal rollover.
• Reduces jolts inside the cab and on the machine.
• Provides increased and optimal stability.

NOTE:
other positions are
just as good, as long
as they are safe and
productive..
 Scaling

• Be careful not to give hard hit on the rock with the bucket.
• ( An excavator is not a hammer, use the bucket according to
standards).

• Always keep a hole in front of you or a bumper to prevent stones

from rolling up to your excavator.

• Always test where the material will fall to avoid breakage and
injury.

• Work not facing the wall, but at a 45° angle to prevent material
from being projected onto the excavator.
Loading and scaling logistics
Loading and scaling logistics
Loading and scaling logistics
Loading and scaling logistics
Loading and scaling logistics
 Safety Notes
Be careful not to put too much pressure on the fall protection
pad when scaling.
 Efficient operation
• While waiting, prepare material to your right or left
to minimize loading time.

• Always be ready to load the truck and avoid keeping

it waiting.

• Always clean the looses as you go to avoid going

back.

• Do not extend the material grabing, it must be

quick. (bucket, bucket, bucket ...)
 Efficient operation
• If you leave the machine for more than 15
minutes, turn the engine off.
• (Depending on the temperature)

• Avoid pounding the cylinders to the very end.

• Always think about your next move.

• For light work, reduce engine speed at ¾ for fuel

economy.

• Remember to operate as if the excavator was

yours.
Lifting operation

The excavator is not a

lifting equipment.
Nevertheless, we can
use it to lift some
parts or tools on the
working site.

Make sure of the

efficiency of the
attachment, the
capacity of the sling
and the weight of the
part to be lifted.
Avoid throwing stones from too
high to minimize stone
shattering.
 MODULE
1. Specifications of the
machine
2. Safety and procedure to be
followed
3. Inspection / maintenance
4. Various operating methods
5. Machine shutdown
Excavator shutdown
1. Park the excavator at a safe distance from the walls.

2. Find a flat, stable and safe place for you and other users.

3. Position the excavator so that the batteries are easily accessible in the
event of a problem.

4. Do not park near a slope to avoid tipping over in the event of a

rockslide.

5. Park the excavator with the boom in the 90° position.

6. Allow yourself a step with your tracks.

7. Wait 3 to 5 minutes before turning off the engine.

8. Make sure the windows and the main power switch are closed.
Make a small round around the machine
in order to report some:

• Leaks
• Breaks
• Cracks
• Bumps
• Or other potential anomalies
 Always keep in mind that you
are not exempt from an accident!

Be the employee that all

employers would like to have!

Don't forget that you can learn

every day on an excavator!
THE
END