Workshop Practices

Course Outline
Workshop Practices
Care of Tools
Use of Workshop Materials
Tool Calibration
Dimensions Allowances and Tolerances
Standards of Workmanship
Workshop Practices
Workshop practices is a set is a of procedures that is being done
inside a workshop, namely inspections, repairs, preventive
maintenance and what are the common and special tools are
used on a daily basis mechanics inside a workshop.
Hence in this lesson the students will learn all the basic and
advance procedures that are observed once inside a workshop.
Common activities inside the workshop.
Inspections
Maintenance & Repairs
Removal & Installation
 Inspections are procedures done by
Inspections mechanics to check if a component is still
in good working order and to find any
fault that needs immediately action to
avoid any accidents cause by the
faultiness.
In aviation there are 4 time intervals
that inspections are usually performed.
Every 50, 75 and 100 flight hours the
aircraft is inspected. And the aircraft has
also an annual inspection to undergo a
series of checks to see the overall
condition of the airframe and powerplant.
Maintenance & Repairs
Maintenance & Repairs are procedures done
by mechanics to correct any faults fund during
inspection and to comply with airworthiness
directives and service bulletins. Maintenance &
Repairs usually consist of overhauls,
modifications, alterations and replacement.
There are also two types of maintenance
done in an aircraft; the scheduled maintence
and the unscheduled maintence. There are also
variations when it comes to repairs because
there what you call major and minor repairs.
Removal & Installation
Removal and Installations are procedures
done by mechanics after a repair or
maintenance a has been conducted on the
aircraft. While performing this tasks
mechanics/technicians always rely on a
maintenance or service manuals with
instructions on how to properly accomplish the
repair or maintenance on the aircraft.
Once all the task has been finished the
mechanics will document all the information on
a maintenance logbook for future reference and
a maintenance release form is signed by the
mechanic the perform the task.
Care of Tools
Care of Tools
In the aviation industry tools are the so called bread and butter of
every mechanic, because with the correct tools a mechanic is going
to be able to successfully perform any given task. In this sense the
mechanics are given the responsibility to take good care of his or
her tools weather if it is issued by the company or personally owned
by the mechanic.

Tools require a touch tender loving care from its users to ensure
its longevity while in service. Hence let us know what are proper
way to handle and take of tools.
Care for Hand Tools
Hand tools are consist of
wrenches, spanners, socket
sets, hammers, screwdrivers
and pliers require meticulous
care to ensure its longevity, it
must be kept clean at all times,
and after every use a light
coating of oil must applied on it
that helps prevent the corrosion.
Care for tools with moving parts.
Tool with moving parts should
be kept clean and lubricated if
necessary for it to perform as
designed and tools like this has
only a specific uses and
therefore should not be use for
any other purposes that is not
intended for its design.
Care for precision tools
Special tools, especially precision
instruments are often stored in each
tool’s own custom made storage
container. Visual inspection before use
is need. Precision tools should be
inspected, zeroed or calibrated, and
operated in accordance with instruction
that accompany the tool. When in doubt
a rule of thumb is seek assistance from
an experience colleague or the
manufacturers tool guide.
Control of Tools
Care of Tools
One of the most important responsibility of an aircraft mechanics
is the control of tools. A misplaced tool can have catastrophic effects
resulting in significant expense and the lost of life.

Effort must be made to control all tools in a manner such that the
whereabouts of any tool is never in doubt. So it is important to know
what are the precautions needed to ensure the proper control of
tools.
Mechanic Accountability
Each mechanic should be responsible and accountable for the
control and storage of his or her own tool weather its personally
owned by the mechanic or borrowed from the company. In this
manner the mechanic should have his or her own allocated
toolbox with his or her name and id number placed on it.
Special tools borrowed from the company tool crib must be
properly documented with all the information of the borrower such
us name, id number and department. So In case of a
misplacement the mechanic will the one held liable.
Wrench and Socket Holders
Organizing one’s toolbox so
that all tools can be accounted is
a good practice. Wrench and
Socket Holders are helpful
because each tool occupies a
specific location in the holder
and it is easy to see when a tool
is missing.
Shadow Board
The Shadow Board concept
is slightly similar to the wrench
and socket holder, however in
this type of tool control, behind
every tool a shadow outline is
drawn to quickly identify what
tool is missing in case of a
misplacement.
Tool Room or Tool Crib

A tool room or tool crib is a common feature at large,

organized aviation maintenance facilities. All special tools are
inventoried and kept in an organized storage location in the tool
room or crib.

Note: when a tool is “checked out” for use by a mechanic, the

name of the mechanic receiving the tool is recorded and
sometimes a tag or I.D. of the mechanic is exchanged.
Tool Identification Number and Bar Code
At large, organized aviation
maintenance facilities, the tools
are frequently labelled with an
identification number or have a
bar code label attached directly
to the tool for identification.
End of Shift Inventory
After every end of work shift,
tool room supervisor shall seek
to have every tool returned and
inventory restored. Missing tools
should be located and tool’s that
are still in use shall be indorse to
the next mechanic for the next
shift. And before the aircraft is
release for service until all the
tools used on it is returned and
accounted for.
Use of Workshop Materials
Use of Workshop Materials
Materials in the aviation industry is issued in an controlled
fashion for the purpose of management and economy. The main
goal controlling materials may just be due to a desire to manage
accurate inventory control so that quantities are known and
available when needed.

Some materials are also too expensive just only to be wasted,

and some materials also post a threat to the health and well-being
of the people working around it. So it is important to know what are
the precautions needed to ensure the proper handling of this
materials.
Tool Calibration
Requirements within the relevant airworthiness codes of one’s
national aviation authority and EASA as well as company’s air
operation certificate prescribe that, where necessary, tools,
equipment and test equipment are all calibrated to acceptable
standards.
Tool Calibration
The calibration of test equipment is best achieved by the operation
of a methodical system of control. This system should be traceable
by an unbroken chain of comparisons, through measurement
standards of successively better accuracy up to the appropriate
standard.
 Tool Calibration
Calibration records or certificates should contain the following
information:
Identification of equipment The authority under which the release
Standard used document was issued
Results obtained Any limitation in the use of equipment
Uncertainty of measurement Date on which each calibration was
Assigned calibration interval conducted
Limits of permissible error A written record of calibration is
required
Dimensions, Allowances, Tolerances
A dimension is a measurable extent of some kind, such as length,
width, or height.

A limit dimension is the maximum or minimum dimension of a

machined part. When referring to the size of an item, nominal size is
an approximate dimension that is used for the purpose of general
identification.
Dimensions, Allowances, Tolerances
A tolerance is the total amount by which given a dimension is
alloyed to vary.

Ex. The diameter of a is 4.0 in. (basic size).

The tolerance established by the engine manufacturer is 0.005
in.. This means that its actual size must between 3.995 in. and
4.005 in. to be within tolerance. If it is not, the piston is rejected for
use in engine.
Dimensions, Allowances, Tolerances
Tolerance can be used when examining the dimension of a single
part or it can be used when comparing the dimensional relationship
between two parts, which is known as fit.

When examining fit, clearance is the space between mating parts.

There are types of fits which reflect variations in the clearance
between parts. Generally, one refer to a loose fit and tight fit, etc.
Dimensions, Allowances, Tolerances
A clearance fit is a fit that allows for
sliding or rotating between mating
parts. An interference fit is one in
which the dimensions of two parts
over lap, such as when pin
diameter is slightly larger than the
hole in which it is to be inserted.
Dimensions, Allowances, Tolerances
An allowance is the minimum
clearance space intended between
two parts. The intentional difference
between the maximum material
dimensional limits of mating parts
creates the allowance.
Standards of Workmanship
In aviation, the highest
standards of workmanship are
practiced. An error for any
reason could result in the lost of
human life.