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Indian National MOVEMENT (1885-1918) Bhumika Mundhra 8C History Activity

This document discusses the Indian independence movement from 1885 to 1918. It describes the early moderate leaders who sought increased rights and representation within the British system. As some nationalists lost faith in British rule, the movement became more radical under leaders like Tilak, Pal, and Lajpat Rai. The Home Rule movement of 1916-1918, led by Besant and Tilak, further pushed for self-governance. Finally, the document notes that Gandhi's arrival in 1919 ushered in a new phase defined by principles of nonviolence, truth, and satyagraha that mobilized widespread participation in the freedom struggle.

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115 views7 pages

Indian National MOVEMENT (1885-1918) Bhumika Mundhra 8C History Activity

This document discusses the Indian independence movement from 1885 to 1918. It describes the early moderate leaders who sought increased rights and representation within the British system. As some nationalists lost faith in British rule, the movement became more radical under leaders like Tilak, Pal, and Lajpat Rai. The Home Rule movement of 1916-1918, led by Besant and Tilak, further pushed for self-governance. Finally, the document notes that Gandhi's arrival in 1919 ushered in a new phase defined by principles of nonviolence, truth, and satyagraha that mobilized widespread participation in the freedom struggle.

Uploaded by

Bhumika Mundhra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INDIAN NATIONAL

MOVEMENT (1885-1918)

BHUMIKA MUNDHRA
8C
HISTORY ACTIVITY
INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
• The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events with
the ultimate aim of ending British rule in India. It lasted from 1857 to
1947.
• The first nationalistic revolutionary movement for Indian independence
emerged from Bengal.
•  It later took root in the newly formed Indian National Congress with
prominent moderate leaders seeking only the right to appear for Indian
Civil Service examinations in British India, as well as more rights
(economical in nature) for the people of the soil. 
THE MODERATES
• The Early Nationalists,also known as the Moderates, were a group
of political leader in India active between 1885 and 1907. Their
emergence marked the beginning of the organised national
movement in India. Some of the important moderate leaders were
Pherozeshah Mehta and Dadabhai Naoroji.
THE RADICAL PHASE
• A section of INC , that had lost faith in the British government, begab to drift towards
radicalism . This radical faction of the INC came to be known as Extremists, The
prominent Extremist leaders , who emerged on the political scene were Bal Gangadhar
Tilak in Maharashtra, Bipin Chandra Pal in Bengal and Lala Lajpat Rai in Punjab.
HOME RULE MOVEMENT

• The Indian Home Rule movement was a movement in British India on the lines of Irish
Home Rule movement and other home rule movements. The movement lasted around
two years between 1916–1918 and is believed to have set the stage for the independence
movement under the leadership of Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak to the
educated English speaking upper class Indians. In 1920 All India Home Rule League
changed its name to Swarajya Sabha.
GANDHIAN ERA
• The period from 1919 to 1948 is known as the ‘Gandhian era in Indian History’.
Mahatma Gandhi gave a new direction to the freedom movement with the principles of
Truth, Non-violence and Satyagraha. Due to the influential leadership of Mahatma
Gandhi, the national movement became more comprehensive. This led to the beginning
of a new era in the freedom movement of India. During this period Mahatma Gandhi
had become the undisputed leader of the National Movement. He laid principles of
nonviolence and Satyagraha which were employed against the British Government.
GANDHIAN METHODS OF POLITICAL PROTEST
• Satyagraha

Gandhi's system of Satyagraha was based on nonviolence, non-cooperation, truth and honesty.


Non violence
Gandhiji believed that non violence was needed for individual freedom to succeed and thrive
Swadeshi
Gandhiji believed that the principle of Swadeshi would make every village of India a self supporting unit.

Faith in the masses


Gandhiji had immensed faith in the masses .He travelled across the length and breadth of the country .
He tried to connect with the people and understand their problems . Once he was convinced about their
ability to undertake non violence and Satyagraha he decided to launch mass movements in India.

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