Solar System Facts
Mercury-
❖ Has no moons at all
❖ No atmosphere at all
❖ 28.644 million miles from the sun, 87.688
million miles from Earth
❖ Composition is high iron levels
❖ Up to 800 degreesf and -290 degreesf
❖ Atmosphere contains little oxygen, helium,
hydrogen
❖ It has wrinkles
❖ Most cratered planet
Venus-
➔ Has no moons at all
➔ 96% carbon dioxide atmosphere, 3% nitrogen
➔ 100,00 - 1 million volcanic features
➔ 66.94 million miles from the sun, 90.081 million
miles from earth
➔ may have once been but no longer livable
➔ 864 degreesf
➔ Brightest natural object
➔ Top layer form of sulphuric acid clouds
Earth-
➢ 93 million miles from the sun
➢ 1.58 degrees F average high Temp. 57.0
degrees F low Temp.
➢ Only has one moon
➢ Earth is liveable
Earth’s moon
❏ 238,900 million miles from earth / 150 million
kilometers
❏ (highest) 260 degrees f (lowest) -280 degrees f
❏ It has no atmosphere so it gets really hot during
the day and really cold at night
❏ The moon is not livable
❏ Moon’s composition- 43 percent oxygen, 20
percent silicon, 19 percent magnesium, 10 percent
iron, 3 percent calcium, 3 percent aluminum, 0.42
percent chromium, 0.18 percent titanium and 0.12
percent manganese
❏ Rock material and earths rocks are very similar
❏ The surface is actually really dark
❏ It has moonquakes caused by earth
Mars-
★ Has 2 moons Phobos & Deimos
★ -81 degrees F highest temp. -243 degrees F
lowest temp.
★ 144.06 million miles from the sun, 174.5 million
miles from earth
★ Atmosphere is mainly carbon dioxide and some
water vapor
Mars moon- Phobos
➔ Type of l or ll carbonaceous chondrites
composition
➔ 9376 km from the sun, 48.34 million miles from
earth
➔ highest temp. 25 degrees f, lowest temp. -170
degrees f
➔ No atmosphere due to low gravity and mass
➔ It is a tiny habitable planet
➔ 6 miles wide
➔ Moves across mars sky twice a day
Jupiter-
❖ Largest planet in the solar system
❖ 556.3 million miles from Earth, 484.8 million miles
from the Sun
❖ Red eye (aka-anti-cyclone) is the biggest storm
in the solar system, no water, raging for 300
plus years
❖ not livable with its clouds and being such a big
gas planet
Jupiter’s moon- Callisto
❏ has a couple oceans, possible life forms
❏ -218.47 degrees f
❏ 484 million miles from the sun, 390.4 million
miles from earth
❏ life could exist
❏ More craters than any other planet
❏ 60% rock/iron 40% ice
❏ very thin atmosphere of carbon dioxide,
molecular oxygen
Saturn-
➢ 2nd largest planet, 173,00 diameter rings
➢ 930.61 million miles from the sun/ 1.0127 billion
miles from earth
➢ 48 moons with Titan as its biggest moon
➢ 75% hydrogen, 25% helium
➢ not a livable planet for the big gas planets
➢ Highest temp. -280 degrees f, lowest -113
degrees f
Saturn’s moon- Titan
★ Atmosphere is 94.2% nitrogen, 5.65% methane, traces of hydrogen
★ 1% of sunlight, surface is cold
★ -292 degrees f to low 6 degrees f
★ 750,000 miles from earth, 886 million miles
★ lack of stable water and its really cold would not support life
★ 2nd largest moon
★ ‘Sand’ dunes made of dark hydrocarbon grains to look like coffee
grounds
★ inlock with Saturn, one side is always facing the planet
★
Uranus-
❏ 27 moons, all which are named after
Shakespeare and Alexander Pope
❏ 1.84 billion miles from sun, 1.88 billion miles from
earth
❏ -353 degrees f to lowest -371 degrees f
❏ 83% hydrogen, 15% helium, 2% methane
composition planet
❏ atmosphere composed of mainly hydrogen and
helium
Uranus moon- Umbriel
➔
Neptune-
❖ 14 moons, but Triton is the biggest by far
❖ 2.7819 billion miles from the sun, 2.8641 billion miles
from Earth
Neptune’s moon- Triton
