Police Organization

Ms. Lalaine D. Madanlo

Introduction to
Policing
 The Police Organization
Police
A body of civil authority, which is
tasked to maintain peace and order,
enforce the law, protect the lives and
properties and insure public safety.

A branch of criminal justice system

that has the specific responsibility of
maintaining law and order and
combating crime within the society.
 The Police Organization
Police
A body of armed men, which as an
institution, can exercise its duties by
armed physical forces to preserve peace
and order, detection of crime, and the
execution of laws.
 The Police Organization
Organization
It is a form of human association for
the attainment of a goal or objective.

It is the process of identifying and

grouping the work to be performed,
defining and delegating responsibility
and authority establishing relationships
for the purpose of enabling people work
effectively.
 The Police Organization
Police Organization
A group of trained personnel in the
field of public safety administration
engaged in the achievement of goals and
objectives that promotes the
 maintenance of peace and order,
 protection of life and property,
 enforcement of the laws, and the
 prevention of crimes.
 The Police Administration
Administration
The element that is responsible
for making and enforcing
policies, allocating resources,
and coordinating activities to
fulfill the organization’s
primary goal or purpose.
 The Police Administration
Police Administration and It’s
Process
Police Administrations includes
the following process:
planning,
organizing,
staffing,
directions,
supervision, and
public relation process.
 Primitive Policing
Small family groups
Executive
Tribes or Clans
Legislative
Tribe’s Powers: Judiciary
Chief
words laws
crimes Handled by victim’s family.
Philosophy of Retaliatory
Justice
Punishment
slavery
Harsh & Barbaric
hanging banishment
Death
crucifixio drowning beheading
 Historical Background of Policing
Police
Politeia Greek word
Group of persons that
governs the city
Politia Roman word
Condition of: State
Government
Administration
Police French
Used to describe the
law enforcer
 Historical Background of Policing
Police
Politeia Greek word
Politia Roman word
Police French
Police Americans
Pulis Filipino
s
Juridical Person A being of legal existence
Police Agency
Policeman Person employed in
that agency.
Natural Person
Human being.
 Historical Background of Policing
Police Activities
The agency of a community or
government that is responsible for:
 Enforcing the law.
 Maintaining public order
 Preventing and detecting crimes.
Pprevention of crime
R epression or suppression of crime
A pprehension of offenders
Search & seizure
I nvestigation
Protection of lives & properties
 Historical
Development
of Policing
Ancient Law Enforcement

The Sumerians
The Babylonians
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Rome
Ancient Greece
 Ancient Law Enforcement
THE
SUMERIANS The Babylonians
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Greece
Ancient Rome

Sumerian Rulers
Sets standards on what constitutes
an offense against society.
Lipithstar & Eshumma
 Ancient Law Enforcement
The Sumerians
THE
BABYLONIANS
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Rome
Ancient Greece
Code of King Hammurabi (2100 BC)
Principle: The strong shall not
Lex injure the weak.
Talionis Designated offense
Eye for an eye, tooth
& punishment
for a tooth doctrine.
 Ancient Law Enforcement
The Sumerians The Babylonians
ANCIENT
EGYPT
Ancient Greece
Ancient Rome

1500
BCSystem
Court Presided by judges
Appointed
by Pharaoh
 Ancient Law Enforcement
The Sumerians The Babylonians
Ancient Rome Ancient Egypt
ANCIENT
Ephori
GREECE Powers:
A body of Ephors - elected
Investigators
Assuring that rules Judge
& decrees are Jury
followed. Executioner
Plato
Punishment should Presided over the
serve the purpose Senate & Assembly
rather than retaliation.
 Ancient Law Enforcement
The Sumerians The Babylonians
Ancient Greece Ancient Egypt

ANCIENT
ROME
12 Tabulae
Deals with the ff:
1st written laws of Building codes
Praetorian
Roman Guard
Empire
Legal procedures
Justinian Code Marriage customs
Property ownership
Punishment for crime
 Ancient Law Enforcement
The Sumerians The Babylonians
Ancient Greece Ancient Egypt

ANCIENT
12 Tabulae ROME
Emperor Augustus
Praetorian Guard 7000 soldiers Protect the
Justinian
UrbanCode
Cohorts Patrol the palace
& the
1st civilian Vigile city
city of
police force s Firefighters
Rome
- kept the peace Given LE
ruthlessly responsibilitie
Vigilantes s
 Ancient Law Enforcement
The Sumerians The Babylonians
Ancient Greece Ancient Egypt

ANCIENT
12 Tabulae ROME
Praetorian Guard
Justinian Code Justinian
1
Ruler of the Eastern
Roman empire
Corpus Juris
Civilis = Collected all
Roman laws
Body of Law
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period
(600-1066)
b. Norman Period
(1066-1284)
c. Westminster Period
(1285-1500)
d. Modern Period
(17th-19th
Century)
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
1. Thanes Policing System
King Alfred
- introduced Thanes
Responsible to police
their own territory.
Empowered to arrest offenders
and deliver them to the king.
Empowered to settle
civil litigations.
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
1. Thanes Policing System

2. Frankpledge Policing System

Mutual pledge.
Every male over 12 years old
joined 9 of his neighbors to
form tythingmen.
Perform police work.
Failed to join Severely
and perform. fined.
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
1. Thanes Policing System
2. Frankpledge Policing System

3. Tun Policing System

Required all male residents to
guard the town to preserve
peace and order.
Protect the life and property
of the people.
Suppress other factors affecting
peace and order.
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
1. Thanes Policing System
2. Frankpledge Policing System
3. Tun Policing System

4. Hue and Cry Policing System

Carried out by a victim of a crime to
shout for help at the middle of the
community.
Once heard by male residents,
they automatically assemble
to apprehend perpetrator.
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
1. Thanes Policing System
2. Frankpledge Policing System
3. Tun Policing System
4. Hue and Cry Policing System

5. Royal Judge

Conducts criminal investigation.

crime
committed
Gives appropriate punishment.
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
1. Thanes Policing System
2. Frankpledge Policing System
3. Tun Policing System
4. Hue and Cry Policing System
5. Royal Judge

6. Trial by Ordeal
Required the If hurt - guilty
suspect to If not - innocent
perform any Belief of the people -
other act God will protect the
which may innocent one from
hurt him. being hurt.
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)

b. Norman Period (1066-1284)

1. Shire-Reeve System
King William - Ruler of England
55 Military Districts = Shire-Reeve
District ruler of the
district
 made laws.
 rendered judgment.
 imposed penalties.
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)

b. Norman Period (1066-1284)

1. Shire-Reeve System

2. Court of the Tourn

Settles a range of cases,
more often dealing From the court,
with petty offenses 12 tythingmen
and civil matters. were selected
to hear cases
of serious in
nature.
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)

b. Norman Period (1066-1284)

1. Shire-Reeve System
2. Court of the Tourn

3. Court Leet
Handles local legal matters.
Looked after matters of
purely local interest and
petty village nuisances.
Comes Stable Constable
master of the house appointed by the king
 Development of Police in England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)

b. Norman Period (1066-1284)

1. Shire-Reeve System
2. Court of the Tourn
Passed during
3. Court Leet
the time of
4. Leges Henri King Henry
I.
The policemen were
Features:
considered as
The law violations public officials.
were classified
The policemen and
as offenses
citizens were
against the
given the power
King.
to conduct arrest.
 Development of Police in England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)

b. Norman Period (1066-1284)

1. Shire-Reeve System
2. Court of the Tourn
118 A proclamation
3. Court Leet
4. Leges Henri 5 issued by
King Richard
5. Keepers of Peace of England

Requiring the
appointment of
Posted on bridges knights to maintain
and gates. peace and order at
the place where the
king is residing.
 Development of Police in England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)

b. Norman Period (1066-1284)

1. Shire-Reeve System
2. Court of the Tourn
3. Court Leet
4. Leges Henri Great
5. Keepers of Peace Charter
6. Magna Carta
Sealed by King John Knights of
of England. the Round
June 15, Table
Declarations:
1215
No freemen shall be imprisoned,
disposed, outlawed or bowed except
by legal judgment of his peers.
 Development of Police in England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)

b. Norman Period (1066-1284)

1. Shire-Reeve System
2. Court of the Tourn
3. Court Leet
4. Leges Henri
5. Keepers of Peace

6. Magna Carta Declarations:

There should be national and local
government as well as the national
and local legislation.
No person should be tried for murder
unless there is proof of the
body of the victim.
 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
b. Norman Period (1066-1284)
c. Westminster Period (1285-1500)
1. Statute of Winchester
2. Statute of 1925
3. Justice of Peace
Enacted
introducing the Given the rights to:
system of watch Conduct arrest.
and ward. Imprison 0ffenders.

Introduced the closure of gates of London.

 Development of Police in
England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
b. Norman Period (1066-1284)
c. Westminster Period (1285-1500)
1. Statute of Winchester
2. Statute of 1925
3. Justice of Peace
4. Star Chamber of Court
Established as a special court to try
offenders against the state.
Court of law
Court of revenue
- to determine
- to enrich treasury.
civil rights
 Development of Police in England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
b. Norman Period (1066-1284)
c. Westminster Period (1285-1500)
d. Modern Period (17th-19th Century)
1. King Charles II (1633)
He passed a law.
Watchmen known as Rattle watch
or Bellmen
They carried rattles,
Duty: while on duty to
from sunset inform the public
to sunrise. of their watchful
presence.
 Development of Police in England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
b. Norman Period (1066-1284)
c. Westminster Period (1285-1500)
d. Modern Period (17th-19th Century)
1. King Charles II (1633)
2. Henry Fielding (1748)
The chief magistrate of Bow Street
Bow Street in London. Runners
Patrol the main roads Thief Catchers
thereby securing Bow Street Horse
travelers from Patrol
highway bandits.
Duty:
 Development of Police in England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
b. Norman Period (1066-1284)
c. Westminster Period (1285-1500)
d. Modern Period (17th-19th Century)
1. King Charles II (1633)
2. Henry Fielding (1748)

3. William Pitt (1785)

Presented a bill in the Creation of Police
British Parliament. force in London
Formal continuation opposition
of the mandate of responsible for the
the Bow Street apprehension of criminals
Runners. and crime prevention.
 Development of Police in England
a. Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
b. Norman Period (1066-1284)
c. Westminster Period (1285-1500)
d. Modern Period (17th-19th Century)
1. King Charles II (1633)
2. Henry Fielding (1748)
3. William Pitt (1785)
Father of Modern
4. Sir Robert Peel (1829) Policing
Introduced the Metropolitan Act . System
Metropolitan Force in London Scotland Yard
- world’s first organized uniformed
police force.
 Development of Police in England
9 Principles of Sir Robert Peel
1. Stable and effective police force should
be under government control.
2. Absence of crime is the best proof
of efficiency.
3. Fast distribution of news to the
people is essential.
4. Proper distribution of personnel
according to shift by hour.
 Development of Police in England
9 Principles of Sir Robert Peel
5. The best qualification of peace officers is
control of temper.
6. Proper selection and training is the basis
of efficiency.
7. Police cannot function properly without
wholehearted support of the people.
8. Every police must sell himself to
the people.
 Development of Police in England
9 Principles of Sir Robert Peel

9. Police Officers must go out of their

way to help or assist the people.
 Significant Development in American
Police System
a. Boston Massachusetts b. New York (1658),
(1638), night watch organization of rattle
was initiated. watch
d. New Have, Connecticut
(1722), introduction of a c. Philadelphia
police regulation that (1700), start of
“No watchman has the night watch
liberty to sleep”
 Significant Development in American
Police System
e. New York City (1856), f. Texas (1835),
adoption of full police organization of State
uniform. Rangers.
h. Pennsylvania g. Massachusetts
(1905), introduction (1865), organization
of Pennsylvania of State Constables.
State Police.
 In the United States at present, the law
enforcement officers, who have taken an oath to
support the constitution of the United States, their
State, and the laws of their agency’s jurisdiction are
known as Sworn Law Enforcement Officers. These
officers have the authority to make arrests and carry
firearms and they are classified.
a. State or Federal Special Agents or Inspectors
Public college and
Assigned to special
university police
jurisdiction police
forces, public school
agencies to
district police and
perform special
agencies serving
geographic
transportation systems
jurisdictions and
and facilities . A
enforcement
smaller number of
responsibilities:
them, on the other
hand, are investigators.
b. State Police Officers state troopers or
highway
They are charged with
patrol officers.
arresting criminals and
patrolling highways to Issue traffic
enforce motor vehicle citation to
laws and regulations. motorists.

c. Sheriffs & Deputy bailiff

Sheriffs
Perform duties They enforce the
similar to those of law on the
a local or county county level.
police chief.
d. Detectives
Plainclothes investigators Assigned to inter-
who gather facts and agency task forces
collect evidence for to combat specific
criminal cases. types of crime.

e. Fish & Game Wardens

Enforce fishing, hunting

and boating laws.
f. Federal Bureau of Investigation Agents

The government’s principal investigators,

responsible for investigating
violations of more than 200 categories
of federal law and conducting
sensitive national security
investigations.
 In the United States at present, officers have the
authority to make arrests and carry firearms and they
are classified as follows:

g. Other Enforcement Agencies

Drug Enforcement Agency Bureau of Alcohol,
Tobacco, Firearms
U.S. Border Patrol Agents and Explosives
Immigration Inspectors
Custom Inspectors
 Significant
Developments in
Philippines Setting
during the Spanish
Occupation
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the Spanish Occupation
a. Carabineros de Seguridad Publico (1712)

Purpose: Cuerpo De Carabineros De

Carry-out the Seguridad Publica
regulations of Royal Decree of December
the state. 20, 1842

1781
- it was given the special commission
as custodian of the tobacco monopoly.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the Spanish Occupation
b. Guardilleros (1836)
A body of rural Royal Decree of
police organization. January 28, 1836.

Provided 5% of the able-bodied male

inhabitants of each province were to be
enlisted in the police organization for 3
years tour of duty.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the Spanish Occupation
c. Guardia Civil Royal Decree of
(1852) February 12,
1852.
Partially relieve the Spanish Peninsula
Troops of their work in policing towns.
They were under the
Governor or Alcalde
 Significant
Developments in
Philippines Setting
during the American
Occupation
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
a. Insular Police Force (1890)
Established on November 30, 1890 during the
Philippine-American War (1898-1901) upon
the recommendation of the Philippine
Commission to the Secretary of War.
b. Insular Constabulary (1901) July 18, 1901
An Act providing for the Act
organization and Government of an 17
Insular Constabulary and for the 5
Inspection of Municipal Police.
 Significant Developments in Philippines
Setting during the American Occupation
c. Manila Police Department (1901) July 31, 1901
1st Police Chief - Capt. George Curry Act
18
A US army officer appointed by
3
the Taft Commission on
August 7, 1901.

Last American Chief of Police of

Manila Police Dept.
Capt. Columbus Piatt Col. Antonio
Torres
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
d. Philippine Constabulary (1901) Act
255
Philippine Constabulary
Brigade-General Henry
Tureman Allen changes the Insular
Constabulary
1882 graduate of US
Military Academy 1st enlisted
was the 1st chief personnel strength
of PC. on Dec. 15, 1901
Under Brigade-
General Allen was
2,500.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
d. Philippine Constabulary (1901) To be
outnumbered,
1902 Creed always; to be
Mounted Constables outfought,
was introduced. never.”
Paved way for Manila – Pearl of
the founding the Orient
of Polo Club PC: Played a significant
in 1909. role in reducing crime
rate.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
d. Philippine Constabulary (1901)
World War 1 Brigadier General Rafael Crame
US army were 1st Filipino to head the PC
transferred to and served for 10 years.
France
December
1917
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
e. Revised Administrative Code
(1917)
It stated that PC is a national police
institution for:
Preserving Peace
Keeping Order
Enforcing the law
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation

f. Philippine Constitution (1935)

It provided that the government shall organize
and maintain a national police force to
preserve public order and enforce the law.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
g. Kempeitai (1942) January 02, 1942
Military Police Corps Existed from 1881-1945
to discharge not public
Kempei
service but to perform
Member of the functions of the
corps. military police for the
The 1st element of Imperial Japanese
the Japanese under the direction of
Imperial Army the Admiralty Minister.
entered Manila.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation

h. Philippine Constitution Mandate:

(1973)
That the state shall establish and maintain an
integrated national police force, whose
organization administration, and
operation shall be provided by law.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation

h. Philippine Constitution Mandate:

(1973)
That the armed forces of the Philippines
shall include a citizen army composed
of all able-bodied citizens of the
Philippines who shall undergo military
training as may be provided by law.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation

h. Philippine Constitution Mandate:

(1973)
That a regular force necessary for the
security of the state shall be kept.

That the citizen army shall have a corps

of trained officers and men in active
duty status as may be necessary to
train others, to serve, and to be
prepared at all times.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
i. Republic Act 157 June 19,
(1947) 1947
National Bureau of Investigation
(a) To undertake investigations of crimes and
other offenses against the laws of the
Philippines, upon its own initiative and as
public interest may require.
(b) To render assistance, whenever properly
requested in the investigation or detection
of crimes and other offenses.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
i. Republic Act 157 June 19,
(1947) 1947
National Bureau of Investigation
(c) To act as national clearing house of criminal
and other information for the benefit and use of
all prosecuting and law-enforcement entities of
the Philippines, identification records of all
persons without criminal convictions, records of
identifying marks, characteristics, and ownership
or possession of all firearms as well as of test
bullets fired therefrom.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
i. Republic Act 157 June 19,
(1947) 1947
National Bureau of Investigation
(d) To give technical aid to all prosecuting and
law-enforcement officers and entities of the
Government as well as the courts that may
request its services.
(e) To extend its services, whenever properly
requested in the investigation of cases of
administrative or civil nature in which the
Government is interested.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
i. Republic Act 157 June 19,
(1947) 1947
National Bureau of Investigation
(f) To undertake the instruction and
training of a representative number of
city and municipal peace officers at the
request of their respective superiors
along effective methods of crime
investigation and detection in order to
insure greater efficiency in the discharge
of their duties.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
i. Republic Act 157 June 19,
(1947) 1947
National Bureau of Investigation
(g) To establish and maintain an up-to-date
scientific crime laboratory and to conduct
researches in furtherance of scientific
knowledge in criminal investigation.
(h) To perform such other related functions
as the Secretary of Justice may assign
from time to time.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
j. Republic Act 4864

Police Act of It created a Police

1966 Commission under the
August 8, 1966 Office of the President.
k. Republic Act 6040
Empowered the Police Commission to give
the appropriate examinations for officers and
members of local police forces, with the
assistance of the Civil Service Commission.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
l. Republic Act 6506 July 1,
1972
An Act Creating the Board of Examiners for
Criminologists in the Philippines & for other
purposes.
 Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
m. Presidential Decree 421
Integrated the city, municipal police force, jail and fire
departments within the greater Manila area.
Metropolitan Police Force
Responsible for public safety and discharge
the functions of enforcement of laws and
maintenance of peace and order within
the territorial limits of the cities and
Municipalities of Manila.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation

n. Presidential Decrees 482, 531, 585 and 641

(1974)
Integrated the police, fire, and jail departments in
certain provinces and cities in the Philippines.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
o. Presidential Decrees 765 August 8,
Features: 1975

It established and constituted the Integrated

National Police which shall be composed of
the Philippine Constabulary as the nucleus and
the Integrated National Police Forces as
components.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
o. Presidential Decrees 765 August 8,
Features: 1975

It empowered the Chief of Constabulary to

prescribe, subject to the approval of the
Secretary of National Defense, the table of
the organization and equipment, ranks and
or/ position titles, functions, duties and
powers of the various staffs, services,
installations, and other units of the INP.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
o. Presidential Decrees 765 August 8,
Features: 1975

It directed that the regular members of the

INP shall be employees of the National
Government.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
o. Presidential Decrees 765 August 8,
Features: 1975

It annunciated that the Philippine Constabulary was

a major service of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines in addition to its current law
enforcement functions as the principal component
of the INP.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
o. Presidential Decrees 765 August 8,
Features: 1975

It annunciated that the INP shall be subject to the

command and general supervision of the President
of the Philippines and shall function directly under
the DND.

It designated the Secretary of National

Defense as the Chairman of National
Police Commission.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
p. Presidential Decrees August 26,
1184
The 1977
Integrated National Police Personnel
Professionalization Act of 1977
Features:
The highest rank in the police force was given
the rank of Police Brigadier General and the
lowest rank was patrolman.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
p. Presidential Decrees August 26,
1184
The 1977
Integrated National Police Personnel
Professionalization Act of 1977
Features:

There shall be at least 1 policeman in every 1,000

inhabitants.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
p. Presidential Decrees August 26,
1184
The 1977
Integrated National Police Personnel
Professionalization Act of 1977
Features:
Educational qualification:
At least high school graduate to be
appointed to the lowest rank but the
personnel to be appointed for assignment
to city stations must have finished at least
2nd year college.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
p. Presidential Decrees August 26,
1184
Features: 1977
Youth aid or juvenile
control units.
Women may be
appointed into the The custodial force
police service for as jail matrons.
assignment in the In training and
ff: administrative
duties.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
p. Presidential Decrees August 26,
1184
Features: 1977
Police operations where the
Women may be activities of policewoman
appointed into the are necessary.
police service for
assignment in the Search and arrest of female
ff: or youth offenders.
Handling investigation.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
p. Presidential Decrees August 26,
1184
Features: 1977

Retirement:
60 years old
police, jail custodial, fire personnel of the INP
55 years old
Police\Fire Lieutenant ranks
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
q. Republic Act 6975 December 13, 1990
DILG Act of 1990
 Established the PNP.
The merger of the INP and PC.
 It created the National Police Commission.
- Administer and control the PNP.
- Enforce the policy that the PNP shall be
national in scope and civilian in character.
Implementing law of Section 6, Article
XVI of the 1987 Constitution.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
r. Republic Act 8551
PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998

Main Purpose:
Reforming and professionalizing the PNP.

s. Republic Act
9263
BFP and BJMP Professionalization
Act of 2004.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
t. Republic Act 9708
An act Extending for Five Years the Reglamentary
Period for Complying with the Minimum
Educational Qualification for Appointment to the
PNP and Adjusting the Promotion System
Thereof, Amending Certain Provisions of RA
6975 & RA 8551.
Significant Developments in Philippines Setting
during the American Occupation
u. Republic Act 9592
Act extending the 5 years reglementary period for
complying the minimum education qualification
and appropriation eligibility in the appointment of
the BFP.