RAWE work on Socio-economic analysis of

Gobindapur village

BIDHAN CHANDRA KRISHI VISWAVIDYALAYA

Batch: 2017- 21

1
 PRESENTED BY
SERIAL NO NAME ROLL NO
1 ANANDA NATH AG- 54
2 SOUMIK DEY AG- 52
3 REESHAV PAUL AG- 39

B.Sc. (Agriculture), 7th semester

BCKV, Mohanpur, Nadia

2
3
 INTRODUCTION

In India Agriculture is the major economic sector and

the backbone of Indian economy. It creates plenty of
employment opportunities as well. About 65% of
Indian population depend directly and indirectly on
agriculture.

4
 What is rawe

Rural agricultural work experience (RAWE) is a flagship activity

for the final year B.Sc. (Ag.) students in which the students are
exposed to reality in the farmers field in rural areas or in agro-
based industrial situation to Build self-confidence by sharpening
their professional skills.

In India, Randhawa Committee (1992) recommended the RAWE

programme.
5
OBJECTIVE Practical training & acquisition of skill
through experience.
Understanding & analyzing rural life
through agro-ecosystem analysis.
 Acquaintance with the agro-based
industries for imparting more
professionalism in learning.
Developing communication & skill
through presentation, interaction &
demonstration .
Development of confidence for facing
problems and finding solutions.
Reduction of gap between farmers
and agriculture experts.
6
Let us talk
about the
village…..

7
VILLAGE PROFILE

8
 Village: GOBINDAPUR

 Mouza: Gobindapur
 Gram panchayet:
Champapukur
Post office: Kholapota
Sub- PO: Raghunathpur
Block: Bashirhat- II
 Sub division: Bashirhat- II
District: North 24 pgs
 Pincode: 743428
9
Sansad: Karigarpara, palpara, Dhogra
Latitude & Longitude:
area: 461.93 acre
Agro climetic zone: New Alluvial Zone
Self help groups: 9
Nearby bank:
Nearby market:

10
 LITERACY RATE
Literate Illiterate Total
65% (Approx) 35% 100%

Literacy rate

Literate
Illiterate

11
 No of Household
Palpara Dhogra Karigarpara Gobindapur
Mouza (Total)
248 195 414 857

Household
500
400
300
200
100 Household
0
ara ra
l p o g ara
Pa Dh rp
a
arig
K

12
 POPULATION
1. Palpara: Male Female Total
398 502 900

600
500
400
Male
300 Female
200
100
0
Population

13
Contd…

2. DHOGRA:
Male Female Total
374 312 686

380
360
Male
340
Female
320
Female
300
280 Male
Population (Dhogra)
14
Contd…

3. KARIGARPARA:
Male Female Total
756 718 1474

Population ( Karigarpara )

760
750
740
730 Population ...
720
710
700
690
Male Female

15
CASTE DISTRIBUTION

1. PALPARA:
OBC-A OBC-B SC GENERAL
13 542 120 104

Caste distribution

OBC- A
OBC- B
SC
GENERAL

16
Contd…

2. DHOGRA:
OBC- A OBC- B SC GENERAL
20 512 60 94

Population

OBC- A
OBC- B
SC
GENERAL

17
Contd…

3. KARIGARPARA:
OBC- A OBC- B SC ST GENERAL
1226 8 57 88 95

Population

OBC- A
OBC- B
SC
ST
GENERAL

18
• No of Paras: 9 ( 3 per sansad)
average no of individual in a family: 3
increase in no of household per year: 15- 20
Average age of farmers: 40
no of educational institutes:
ICDS centre 3
Sishu Siksha Kendra 1
Primary School 0
Higher secondary School 0
College/ University 0

19
 DISTRIBUTION OF OCCUPATION
Agriculture and Business (%) Service (%) Others ( Labours
allied sectors (%) etc) %
80 2 1 17

Others
Service
Occupation Business
Agriculture and al-
lied sectors

0 1020304050607080
20
Type of houses

Type of houses

Kaccha house (70%)

Pacca houses (30%)

21
DISTRIBUTION OF LAND HOLDINGS
Type of farmers Average size of land holding Percentage (%)
Landless No owned land 30
Marginal farmers <1 ha 60
Small farmers 1- 2 ha 7
Medium farmers 2- 4 ha 2
Big farmers >4 ha 1

60
50
Landless
40
Marginal farmers
30 Small farmers
Medium farmers
20
Big farmers
10
0 22
Land holding
Socio economic and agro ecology
analysis of village

23
 Participatory learning approach
It is an two way communication asapproach which aims to
incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people in the
planning and management of development of projects and
programmes and decession making.

The basic techniques used include:

Understanding group dynamics e.g. through learning contracts,
feedback.
Surveying and sampling e.g. transect walks, wealth ranking,
social mapping
Interviewing e.g. Group discussion
Community mapping e.g. Social mapping, timelines
24
 SPACE ANALYSIS

Social map Hydrological map Enterprise map

25
 Social map
 WHAT IS SOCIAL MAP?

Social mapping is a visual method of showing the relative location of households & the
distribution of different types of people(such as male,female, adult, landed, landless, literate &
illiterate)together with the social structure & institution of an area.

 FEATURES OF THE SOCIAL MAP OF THE VILLAGE :-

1. It gives us an overview of the village.

2. We get to know about the land use pattern of the village.
3.We get to know about the topography of the land.
4.Most of the area of lowland is used for rice cultivation
5.Medium land area is mainly used for vegetable cultivation.
6.Upland area is used for Orchard (i.e. Papaya ,Guava ,Banana) cultivation.
7.Main source of irrigation for cultivation is are , shallow pump , deep tube-well.
8. There is a mosque at the eastern side of the village.
9. One family practises rabbit farming as there source of income.
10. Fish culture is practised in the ponds situated here.
11.All the roads are pucca except one kachcha road.
12. The village women do the tailoring work & earn a little amount of money.

26
 Hydrological map
• This map depicts the distribution of water on the village for irrigation &
other household purposes by characterizing the regime of water
bodies.
• Features of this Hydrological Map:-
• Provides an outline of positioning of different water sources , water bodies
throughout the village.
• There are 6 large ponds & 8 small to medium ponds in the village.
• Fish culture is practised in some of the ponds.
• The source of irrigation is deep tube well from where water runs through the
shallow machines in agricultural fields.
• There are few Submersible pump, Shallow tube well & time-tap set in house
hold,used for drinking Purposes.
• Presence of iron in drinking water has deteriorated the water quality , though
there is no Arsenic problem in drinking water.
27
 Enterprise map
• This map represents different enterprises
located throughout the village.
 Features of Enterprise Map:
I. This provides the settlement pattern of the
different enterprises in the village.
II. During our visit , we found various enterprises
like DAIRY,POULTRY,RABBIT Farming,
Handloom Polishing, Sewing Centre & few
grocery shops within village.
28
TIME ANALYSIS

29
 Time analysis

Time Seasonalit
Time line
trend y

Timeline: Connecting the points of events over time

Time trend: Decadal pattern of change over time

Seasonality: Seasonal pattern of crops in an area.

30
TIME LINE

31
SL NO. YEAR EVENTS
1 1900 Establishment of the village
2 1947 Migration of outsiders for staying purpose
to the village
3 1956 Migration of people due to Indo pak
division
4 1970 Radio was first broadcasted.
5 1975 Establishment of deep tubewell
6 1978 Establishment of Panchayet
7 1980 1st primary school established.
8 1986 Electric facility was received.
9 1994 TV came in the village.
10 1995 1st use of tractor in the village
11 1197 Dish antenna came in the village. 32
SL NO YEAR EVENTS
12 2002 Telephone came in the village.
13 2005 1st use of power tillar in the village.
14 2006 Establishment of ICDS centre.
15 2008 1st use of telephone in the village,
16 2009 Arsenic problem was 1st observed.
17 2010 1st pucca road constructed.
1st use of LPG gas for cooking.
18 2012 1st use of Mobile.
19 2013 Keble tv network arrived in the village.
20 2014 1st time Farmar BISWAJEET GUPTA received
“Krishak Ratna” award.
21 2016 Farmers are trained on Preparation of
Vermicompost & Govt subsidy received.
33
SL NO YEAR EVENTS
22 2016 2nd time KRISHAK RATNA award received.
23 2017 Scientists from Japan along with local ADA
visited Jute fields and suggested new
techniques in cultivation.
24 2019 Govt scheme KRISHAK BONDHU started.
25 2020 Cyclone AMPHAN caused huge destruction in
the village.

34
TIME TREND

35
1. Literacy rate 70
60
50
40
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 30
10% 20% 30% 50% 65% 20
10
0
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

120
2. Household: 100
80
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 60 Kaccha
Kaccha 100% 99% 95% 90% 70% 40 house
Pucca house
Pucca Nill 1% 5% 10% 30% 20
0
80 90 00 10 20
19 19 20 20 20 36
SL PARAMETE 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010-
NO R 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
3. Chemical @@ @@@ @@@ @@@ @@@
fertilizer @@ @@@ @@@
use @ @@
4. Population * ** **** ****** ******
* ***
5. Cultivated #### ##### ###### ###### ######
land ### # #
6. Fishery $$ $$ $$$$ $$$ $$$
7. Child ++++++ +++++ +++
Marriage +

37
 Breakthrough events
Decade Break through result
s events
1971- Radio introduced People started to communicate with outside.
80
1981- Primary school People started getting educated.
90 established.
1991- TV introduced People got acquainted with entertainment of
00 outside
Water pump Irrigation Facilities started.
installed
2001- Mid day meal & Intensity of students increased and
10 Telephone Communication developed highly
introduced
2011- Smartphone & JIO Lifestyle of people developed and Internet
20 tower activity increased.

38
SEASONALITY ANALYSIS

39
MICRO LAVEL ANALYSIS OF
FARMING

40
 Case study- 1

Farmer name: Santosh Das

Land situation: Medium-Low land
cropped area: 1 bigha 10 katha
Cropping system: Fallow-Aman rice-
Boro rice

41
 Cropping practices:
Seasons Crops Variety Variety Area Area under
name type (bigha) irrigation
(bigha)
1. Kharif Aman rice Pratikshya HYV 1.5 1.5

42
 Sowing practices
Crops Sowing Seed Spacin Sowing Seed Techni Remar
time rate/bi g metho treatm cal gap ks
gha d ent
Aman rice June-july 5- 6 kg 6 inch×4 Transpla N0 They do Seed
inch nting( 20 chemical not treatmen
(15cm×10 -25 DAS) seed follow t should
cm) treatmen any be
t is used chemical followed.
seed
treatmen
t to
control
any seed
borne
disease
in future.

43
 Manuring & Fertilization:
Crops Dose/ Time of Method of Technical gap Remarks
bigha application application
(OM + CF +
Biofertilizer +
Micronutrients)
Aman 1) Urea-8 kg a) Just before Broadcasting They do not  They should use
Rice transplanting use any well decomposed
(basal) organic organic manure
Urea-18-20 kg b) 20 DAT Top-dressing manure or like FYM generally
Urea-8 kg c) 35 DAT green 1 month before
manure. sowing.
2) SSP-30 kg Basal Broadcasting They do Use of
not use also biofertilizers like
3) MOP- 10kg Basal Broadcasting any azolla.
biofrtilizers. Growing and
4)Micronutrien 25-30 days Spraying incorporation of
t after green manuring
•Unites transplanting crops like dhaincha
700(100g/bigh during land
a) preparation .
•Poushak
(
1-1.5ml/bigha)

44
 Irrigation scheduling:
Crops Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation
system Method number timing
Aman rice Rainfed and Flooding Depends on No irrigation is
shallow pump rainfall. required if
appropriate
amount of
rainfall takes
place.

45
 Intercultural operations:
Crops Operation Operation Operation Technical Remarks
type time method gap
Amon Rice Weeding 1) 15-20 DAT Hand weeding No chemical Application
control of chemical
2) 35-40 DAT Hand weeding measure is weedicides
taken. like Butachlor,
Propanil.

46
 Plant protection measures:
Crops Major Major insects Control Technical gap Remarks
diseases method
(Physical/cult
ural/chemical
/bio control)-
name, dose,
time of
applion
1. Aman Blast For blast – •They do not •Seed should
Tilt(Propicona follow any be treated
zole 25 EC) @ seed with
1ml /L water treatment carbendazim
Yellow stem For Yellow before or Bavistin.
borer stem borer – sowing. •Continuous
Dupant flooding
ferterra @ 1-3 should be
kg/ bigha at avoided to
25-30 DAT. prevent the
infestation of
yellow stem
borer.

47
Production from crop farming (per annum)

Season Crops Variety Yield Yield Remarks

(kg/bigha) level/ gap
Kharif Aman rice Pratikshya 9 Expected Yield is
bag(540kg) yield=650 less than
kg/bigha the
expected
value in
the
farmer’s
field

48
 Cost of cultivation of different crops (operation
wise)

Seaso Crops Area Seed Organ Ferti Pesti Hired Irrig Hired Other Total
ns / ic lizer cides Machi ation Labou costs cost
plant manur s / (Rs./ ne costs r(Rs. (Rs./ (Rs./
ing e bio- bigha (Rs./ / /bigh bigha bigha
mater ferti ) bigha charg a) ) )
ial lizer ) es
( Rs. s paid(
/bigh (Rs./ Rs./b
a) bigha igha)
)
Khari Aman 1.5 Rs Rs.10 Rs.70 500 600 HL=22 Rs.83
f rice bigha 25/ _ 00 0 Labor Rs.10 25
kg cost= 00
(Rs. 200/d (Post
25* ay harve
5= Rs So st)
125/b total
igha) cost=
Rs
4400

49
 Output from crop farming (per
annum)
Season Crops Area Yield Price Gross Cost of Net Benefi
s (bigha) (kg/bi Total of return produc return t/cost
gha) Output produc (Rs./bi tion (Rs./ ratio
Main By- e gha) (Rs./bi bigha)
Produc Produc (Rs./kg gha)
t(kg/bi t(kaha )
gha) n/
bigha)

1. Aman 1.5 540 540kg/ 2 8,100 Rs.832 Rs.775 1.09

Kha rice bigha Rs. 15 + 5
rif 1000=
Rs. 9,100
500/ka
han

50
 Case Study- 2
Farmer Name : Biswajit Gupta (KRISHAK RATNA)
Land situation: Low land
Net cultivated area : 9 Bigha
Cultivated summer crop : Boro Paddy
Area under Boro paddy : 3 Bigha
Cropping System : Winter paddy - Summer paddy

51
 Crop: Boro Rice

VARIETY VARIETY TYPE Area Area under

(bigha) irrigation (bigha)

Satabdi (IET- 4786) HYV 3 Bigha 3 Bigha

52
 Sowing practices:

Sowing Seed Spacing Sowing Seed Technical Remarks

time rate method treatment gap
/bigha

1st wk of 7 kg 9cmX6cm Transplant NO Yes The farmer

Feb. /bigha ing does not
maintain
the
recommen
ded spacing
of 15-
20cmX10c
m. Require
for
transplanti
ng.

53
 Manuring & Fertilization
Crop Time of Dose/ Method of Technical Remarks
application bigha application gap
(OM +
NPK
Fertilizers)
Boro rice Basal 1) Urea-20 kg Broadcasting They do Increase the
(Just before 2) SSP-20 kg not use application of well
transplanting) 3) MOP- 20 sufficient decomposed
kg amount of organic manure
4)Sufala organic like FYM,
15:15:15- 50 matter. compost,
kg They do vermicompost
5)10:26:26 not use any @6.5-7
IIFCO- 50 kg green quintal/bigha
20 DAT Urea-10 kg Top-dressing manure. generally 1 month
They do before sowing.
35-40 DAT Urea-10 kg not use any Use of
biofrtilizers biofertilizers like
1 month Cowdung Soil application . azolla.
before land manure-50-60 Growing and
preparation kg incorporation of
green manuring 54
crops like
 Irrigation scheduling:

Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation Technical Remarks

system Method number timing gap
Shallow Flooding 10-12 7-8 days The farmer
Yes does not
pump interval apply
adequate
irrigation
which is well
below the
recommende
d no. of 16
irrigations

55
 Intercultural operations:
Operation type Operation Operation time Technical gap Remarks
method
1) 10 days after Hand weeding Application of
Weeding transplanting chemical
Yes weedicides like
Butachlor, Propanil.
2) 20 days after 1st Hand weeding
weeding

56
 Plant protection measures
Major Major insects Others Control Technical gap Recommenda
diseases damages method tion
(Physical/cult
ural/chemical
/bio control)-
name, dose,
time of
application
1)Blast Yellow stem nil For blast – •They do not •Seed should be
borer Tilt(Propiconaz follow any seed treated with
2)Brown Spot ole 25 EC) @ treatment before carbendazim or
1ml /litre of sowing. Bavistin
water .
•In case of boro
For Brown spot- rice continuous
Mancozeb 2 flooding should
2.5g /l water be avoided to
For Yellow stem prevent the
borer –Dupant infestation of
ferterra @1-3 yellow stem
kg/ bigha at 25- borer.
30 DAT

57
 PRODUCTION ECONOMICS
SEASON CROP VARIETY YIELD YIELD LEVEL REMARKS
/GAP
SUMMER BORO RICE MINIKIT 7 qtl./bigha No Nill

58
 COST OF CULTIVATION

Seaso Crops Area Seed / Orga Fertili Pestic Mach Irriga Huma Other Total
n planti nic zers / ides( ine tion n costs( cost
ng manu bio- Rs./ (hrs.) costs / labou Rs./bi (Rs./b
mater re fertili bigha charg r gha) igha)
ial (Rs./b zers( ) Owne es
( Rs / igha) Rs./bi d/ paid (hrs.)
kg) gha) Hired FL
(rate / HL
hr or
day) (rate /
day)
Rabi Boro 3 Rs . _ Rs Rs M(Hir Rs HL=8 Rs.
rice bigha 25/ kg 1200/b 200/bi ed 3000/b So 7575
(Rs igha gha tractor igha total
25*7= )=600/ cost=R
Rs bigha s.
* Amount shown 175/bi
in Rupees/Bigha 2400(R
gha) s.300*
8)/bigh
59
a
 OUTPUT PRODUCED FROM EACH CULTIVATION(Rs./ha)

Crop Main Product By -product Total

return(Ma
Q(q) P(Rs/q) Q*P(Rs) Q P (Rs./ Q*P(Rs) in
Kahon) product+
By
product)
(Rs/bigha)

Boro 7 qtl. 1833.00/ 12,831.00 2 800.00 1600.00

Paddy /bigha q(Rs. Kahon 14,431.00
1100/ Paddy /bigha
SACK OF straw
60 KG)

CALCULATION OF gross return-COST RATIO(gross return/cost c2)

Crop Total Cost Gross Net B:C Ratio Economic

(Rs./bigh return/ Return viability
a) Gross (Rs./bigh
cost a)
(Rs./bigh
a)
Boro 7575 14831 7256 1.95 Viable
Paddy

60
Medium Land
 Farmer name: Narayan Mahato
 Land situation: medium land
 Net cropped area: 24 katha
 Cultivated crop: Pointed gourd (All
season)

61
 Crop: Pointed Gourd

Season Crop Variety Area

name (katha)
All season Pointed Bombai 1 BIGHA 4
gourd katha

62
 Sowing practices:

Crops Sowing Seed Spacin Sowing Treatm Treatmen

t
time rate/bi g method ent
gha
Pointed Mid of 2000 sets Broadbed No If
gourd June and cultivation
furrow is done in
method trellis,
productivi
ty will be
more.

63
 Manures & Fertilization:

Crops Dose/bigha Time of Method of TECHNICAL

GAPS AND
application application REMARKS:
Pointed gourd • Sufala – 1st at land 1. Broadcasti Application of
20kg preparation ng organic manure
• DAP – 8kg and then 30 2. Mixing (FYM) can
DAS and from with increase
flowering irrigation production.
onwards in water
weekly
interval.

64
 Irrigation scheduling:

Crops Irrigat Irrigat Irrigat Irrigation timing

ion ion ion
system Metho numbe
d r
Pointed Surface Flood 25  1st at 30 DAS then
gourd irrigation method subsequent
irrigation at 15
days interval and
from flowering in
weekly interval till
harvesting

65
 Intercultural operations

Pointed Weeding • 1 month With nirani TECHNICAL

gourd after and kaste GAPS AND
REMARKS:
transplanti
ng and
then 15-20
days
interval
Pointed Weeding • 1 month With nirani In trellis,
gourd after and kaste situation, weed
control will be
transplanti easier;
ng and Mulching can
then 15-20 be reduce the
days weed
infestation.
interval

66
 Plant protection measures
Major Major Others Control method TECHNICAL
diseases insects damages (Physical/cultural/chemi GAPS AND
cal/bio control)- name, REMARKS
dose, time of applion
Root knot 1. Spider mite 1. For RKN application Marigold can
of furadan be grown for
(carbofuran 3G) @ 2 allopathic
kg/bigha during land
Powdery preparation effects to
mildew 2. For spider mite control root
application of knot
MITIGATE(fenpyrox nematode.
imate 5%EC) @
20ml/20L at
flowering.
3. For powdery mildew,
application of
mancozeb 75%
wp@2.5g/L

67
Production from crop farming (per annum)

Crops Variety Yield Yield level/ gap

(q/bigha)
Pointed gourd Bombai 60q/bigha -----
(5q/week/bigha)

68
Production Economics of Crop Farming

Seaso Crop Area Seed Orga Fertil Pesti Bullo Irrig Hum Othe Total
n s / nic izers cides ck / ation an r cost
plant manu / bio- mach costs labou costs (Rs.)
ing re fertili ine / r (Rs.)
mate zers (hrs.) charg (hrs.)
rial Own es FL
ed paid HL
Hired (rate
(hr.) /day)

(rate
/ hr
or
day)
All Point 24kat Own RS. Rs:30 Rs: Rs: Rs: 700 3275
seaso ed ha ed 450 0 900 2400 2800 0
n gour 0
d
69
Output from crop farming (per annum)

Crops Area Yield Total Farm Gross Cost Net Benefi

(bigh (kg/b Output gate return of return t/cost
a) igha/ (Kg/bigh price (Rs.) produ (Rs.) ratio
year) a/year) of ction
produ (Rs.)
Main By- ce
product (Rs./k
g)
product
Pointe 24 60q/ 2800 Rs. 20 56000 32750 23250 1.7
d kath bigh
gourd a a(5q/
week
/
bigh
a)
70
 Medium land
crop: Cabbage

Name of the farmer: Subodh Das

Land situation: Medium land
Cropped area: 3 bigha
Cropping system: Pre-kharif->Fallow;
Kharif-> Cabbage; Rabi->Boro rice

71
 Crop: cabbage
Season Crops Variety Area Area under
name (bigha) irrigation
(bigha)
1. Kharif Cabbage Real ball 3 3

72
 Sowing practices

Crops Sowing Seed Spacing Sowing Seed Technic Remark

time rate/big method treatme al gap s
ha nt
Cabbage July- 100 g R-R: 55- Transplan No seed Technical Seeds can
august /Bigha 60 cm ting(Ridg treatment gap is be treated
& e and there as with hot
P-P: 55- furrow) seed water
60 cm treatment @50◦C
is not
for 30
done.
min.

73
 Manuring & Fertilization

Crop Time of Dose(kg/ Method of

application bigha) application
Cabbage • Basal • Sufala-50kg Broadcasting
• Urea-10kg
• Neem cake-
25 kg
• 12-15DAS • Urea-15kg Ridge and Furrow
• 25DAS • 10:26:26-25kg
• 50DAS • 1.sufala-25kg
• 2.MOP-10Kg
• 70-72 DAS • 14:35-25kg

74
 Irrigation scheduling:
Crops Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation
system Method number timing
Cabbage Shallow Furrow Avg. 5/6 Give
pump method (Need based) irrigation
after each
fertilizer
applicatio
n

75
 Intercultural operations
Crops Operation Operation Operation Technical Remarks
type time method gap
Cabbage Hand Weeding  From 15 •4 labours are No technical
DAS at 15- engaged for one gap
Application of 20 days time weeding in
non- selective inetrval. 1 bigha land.
herbicide. •After
 Chemical harvesting of
application previous crop
at fallow. Round up is
applied
@480ml/bigha.
Earthing up  1st at 30 With spade
DAS.

76
 Plant protection measures
Crops Major Major Other Control Technical
diseases insects damages method gap
(Physical/cul
tural/chemic
al/bio
control)-
name, dose,
time of
applion
Cabbage Black vein 1. Diamond Yellowing of Application of •They do not
back moth leaves and hamla2ml/litr. follow any seed
shading. Saaf 1.5g/litre treatment before
2. Tobacco of water sowing.
caterpiller Cartap
hydrochloride
1g/lit of water

77
Production from crop farming (per annum)

Season Crops Variety Yield Yield Remarks

(per level/ gap
bigha)
Kharif Cabbage Rare ball 2000 pieces Expected Yield is
yield=3700 much less
pieces/bigha than
expected.

78
 Cost of cultivation of different crops (operation wise )

Seaso Crops Area Seed / Orga Fertili Pestic Mach Irriga Huma Other Total
n planti nic zers / ides( ine tion n costs( cost
ng manu bio- Rs./ (hrs.) costs / labou Rs./bi (Rs./b
mater re fertili bigha charg r gha) igha)
ial (Rs./b zers( ) Owne es
( Rs / igha) Rs./bi d/ paid (hrs.)
kg) gha) Hired FL
(rate / HL
hr or
day) (rate /
day)
Kharif Cabba 3 Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. (hired Rs. HL=2 500 Rs.
ge bigha 1700 200 3500 1500 tracto 600/bi 0 15100
r) gha So,tot
Rs.21 al
00/ cost=
bigha Rs.
5000(
Rs250
X20)/
bigha 79
 Output from crop farming (per annum)
Season Crops Area Yield Farm Gross Cost Net Benefi
(bigha Total gate return of return t/cost
) output(kg/bigh price (Rs./bi produ (Rs./ ratio
a) of gha) ction bigha)
produ (Rs./bi
ce gha)
(Rs./k
g)

Main By-
produ produ
ct ct

Kharif Cabba 3 2000 2000 nil Rs. 40000 15100 24900 2.64
ge pieces/ pieces/ 20/piec
bigha bigha e
80
 Upland
CROP:MUSTARD

 Name of farmer: Shyamal Majumdar

 Land: Upland
 Net cropped area: 3 Bigha
 Cultivated Variety: Bullet

81
 Crop: Mustard
Variety Variety type Area Area under Remarks
name (bigha) irrigation
(bigha)
Bullet Local variety 3 bigha 3 bigha Use of certified
seed or release
variety

82
 Sowing practices:

Sowing Seed rate/ Spacing Sowing Seed Technical Remarks

time bigha method treatment gap
last week 1kg/bigha 15cm*5cm Broadcastin No Yes Row to row
of October g spacing
should be
increased
up to 25-
30cm and
after
thinning
plant to
plant
distance
atleast10-
15 cm

83
 Manures & Fertilization
Dose/ Time of Method of Remarks
bigha application application
(OM + CF +
Biofertilizer +
Micronutrients)
Sufala 50kg+urea-20 Sufala- at the time of Broadcasting •At the time of land
kg sowing preparation organic manure
(FYM or cowdung
Urea-5WAS manure )can be applied.

•As a source of nitrogenous

fertilizer,ammonium
sulphate can be applied as
oilseed crop mustard needs
S.

84
 Irrigation scheduling:
Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation Remarks
system Method number timing
Shallow flooding 1 Pre flowering At the pod
tubewell formation stage
irrigation can
be given

85
 Intercultural operations
Operation type Operation method Operation time Remarks
Thinning Cultural 2 WAS Helps to maintain
plant to plant distance
Weeding Physical-tillage Before sowing Hand weeding can
also be done
Chemical- gramoxone After land preparation
(Paraquat dichloride Before land
24 SL)@ 5 ml/l preparation
gramoxone to be given
@1 kg/ha for effective
weed control

86
 Plant protection measures
Major diseases and Control method Remarks
insect
Downy mildew Need based pesticide is •Early sowing with short
applied. duration variety to escape
Alternaria blight aphid attack.
Mustard aphid

87
 Production from crop farming (per annum)
Season Crop Variety Yield
Rabi Mustard Bullet 100kg/bigha

Production Economics of Crop

Farming(Rs./bigha)
Season crop area Seed fertil pesti Bullock / Irrigat Huma Total
izer cide machine ion n cost
s (hrs.) costs / labour (Rs.)
charge
Owned s paid (hrs.)
Hired(hr.) FL
(rate / HL
hr or day)
(rate /
day
Rabi Musta 3 Rs.50 Rs.1 Rs.2 Rs.1500 Rs.50 Rs.16 Rs.
rd bigha 160 00 (hired 66 4626
tractor)
88
 Output from crop farming (per annum)
Season Crops Area Yield Total Farm Gross Cost of Net Benefit/
(bigha) (kg/bigh Output gate return product return cost
a) (kg) price of (Rs.) ion (Rs.) ratio
produce (Rs.)
(Rs./kg)
1. rabi mustar 3 bigha 300 300kg/ 33.33 9999 4626 5373 1.16
d bigha

89
 UPLAND
CROP: POTATO

Farmer name: Rajkumar Mandal

Land situation: upland
Net cropped area: 0.4 ha(3 bigha)
Cropping system: Aman paddy-potato-fallow (annual)

Orchard- Papaya-lime (Perennial)

90
 Crop: Potato
Variety
Season Crops Variety type Area(ha)
name
2. Rabi 2
Medium
Kufri Jyoti bigha(0.27ha 0.27 ha
Duration
)

91
 Sowing practices:

Crops Sowing Harvesti Seed Spacing Sowing Seed Technic

time ng time rate/ha method treatme al gap
nt
2. Potato 1st wk of End of 12 Q seed 60 Ridge and No Seed
Dec Feb- 1st tuber cm×15cm furrow treatment
week of needed
March but not
done

92
 Manuring & Fertilization
Crops Dose/ Time Method of Technical gap
ha of application application
(OM + CF +
Biofertilizer +
Micronutrients)
2. Potato IIFCO(10:26:26)-
4packet(50kg each)
IIFCO at basal
Urea(NCU) at two top
Broadcasting They do not
Urea(46 N)[NCU]- 1.5 dressing use any
packet(45Kg) organic
manure or
green manure
like FYM.
They do not
use any biofert

93
 Irrigation scheduling
Crops Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation Technical Remarks
system Method number timing gap
2. Potato Furrow 10-12 7-10 days No
irrigation interval.

94
 Intercultural operations
Crops Operation type Operation time Operation
method
2.potato Earthing up 2-3 earthing up at 15- Manual earthing up
&weeding 20 days by using spade.
interval.weeding at Weeding by using
15,35,45 DAS Metribuzin

95
 Plant protection measures:
Crops Major Major insects Others Control Technical gap
diseases damages method
(Physical/cult
ural/chemical
/bio control)-
name, dose,
time of
applion
potato Late blight Aphid, Late blight- They don’t follow
leafhopper Ridomil any seed
Mz@2g/lit treatment.
Aphid-
Dimethoate
30EC(rogor)

96
 Production Economics of Crop Farming
Season Crops Variety Yield Yield Remarks
(kg/ha) level/ gap
2. Rabi potato Kufri jyoti 27.5t/ha(74 (30- Yield can
packet/big 27.5)=2.5 be
ha) t/ha increased
by applying
biofert,fert
application
based of
soil test
result,appli
cation of
FYM

97
Season Crops Area Seed / Organi Fertiliz Pestici Bulloc Irrigati Human Other Total
plantin c ers / des k/ on labour costs cost
g manur bio- machin costs / (Rs.) (Rs.)
materi e fertiliz e (hrs.) charges
al ers paid (hrs.)
Owned FL
Hired HL
(hr.)
(rate / (rate
hr or /day)
day)

2. potato 0.27 (2 31,333 33,333 11,667 13,333 8,000 32500 8,333 13850
Rabi bigha 0

98
 Output from crop farming (per
annum)
Seaso Crops Area Yield Total Output Farm gate price Gross Cost of Net Benefi
n (ha) (kg/ha Main of produce return produ return t/cost
) By-product Main (Rs.) ction (Rs.) ratio
product By-product (Rs.)
product
2. Rabi potato 0.27 (2 27.5t/ Potato nil 800/ 0 220000 138500 81500 1.58
bigha ha(74 tuber qtl
packet/ 27.5t
bigha)

99
A CASE STUDY ON POULTRY
REARING IN OUR VILLAGE
PROP.: ASHIM DAS & SASHIM DAS

100
AREA : 3 Katta owned

INFRASTUCTURE : 3+1=4 room at 20 Katta land, Combined Feeding Tray, Heater,

Fans.

NO. OF CHICKS : 900- 1000 PER LOT

KEY ACTIVITIES : Rearing of chicks by feeding, growing, medication &

vaccination and selling them to “Hi- tech” when they are around 2 kg
each(avg.).

LABOUR: 2 family labour.

101
 COST AND BENEFIT
 A Chick on an avg. is 2 kg.
 The chick is obtained from the “Hi- tech” Company.
 Company bears the cost of feeding, medication and vaccination,
fees of the Doctor visited, transportation.
 Owner bears the charge of electricity, taxes and other
maintenance and operational charges.
 Sells @Rs. 6-10 per kg. ( Obtain more rate during Winter.)
 Sells 8 lots of 2500 chicks through out a year to Supri.
 Spends INR 3 per kg of chicks for rearing.
 Net income is 54,000 INR p.a.
 Total cost is 42,000 INR p.a.
 Net benefit is 96,000 INR p.a.
102
 Total cost
Avg. wt. No. of Avg. no. Avg. Expendit RENT MISC. Total
per Chicks of lot expendit ure (ELECTRI Expendit
Chick per lot per Year ure per CITY ure :
kg Chick ETC.)

2 1000 6 3 2*1000* Nill 6,000/- 42,000/-

6*3
=36000/
-

103
 INCOME
Avg. wt. No. of Avg. no. of Avg. Price Total
per Chick Chicks per lot per per kg Income
lot Year Chick
2 1000 6 8 2*1000*6
*8
=96,000/-

B:C RATIO
TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL B:C RATIO
INCOME EXPENDITURE BENEFIT
96,000/- 42,000/- 54,000/- 96,000 /
42,000 = 2.28

104
 DRAWBACKS (ACCORDING TO THE OWNER)
LACK OF EXPERT GUIDANCE AND SUPPORT.
 INFESTATION OF SEVERAL DISEASES, MAINLY VIRAL DISEASES,
SPECIALLY DURING WINTER.

OUR SUGGESTIONS
TO CONTACT THE MOTHER COMPANY
FOR TECHNICAL SUPPORTS.
TO CONTACT W.B.U.A.F.S. AND B.C.K.V.
FOR EXPERT GUIDANCE.

105
 FUTURE PLAN
 He wants to expands his business.
 He wants to set up new rearing hub.
 He wish to start hatching chicks.

SUCCESS
EARNING HIS LIVELIHOOD AND
MAINTAINING HIS FAMILY EXPENSES
THROUGH PROFIT EARNED BY REARING
CHICKS.
HE IS NOW BUILDING A PACCA HOUSE
FROM THAT PROFIT.

106
In winter’s chill,
Or summer’s heat,
FARMERS work hard,
So, the world can eat.

107
 Livestock Farming : Fishery

• Area – 1 Bigha
• Fish reared –
Catla (Catla catla)
Rohu (Labio rohita)
Mrigel (Cirrhinus cirrhosus)

108
 Cost of Production of Fishery (pre yr.)
No of Fish Area Human Labour Finger Techni Feed Medic Other Total
Pond reare (Rs) -lings cal cost ine s (Rs)
d Family Hired (Rs) input (Rs) cost (Rs)
(Rs) (Rs)

1 Catla 0.133 0 9000 1440 6000 9000 200 7000 25,80

Rohu ha 1080 0
Mrigel (1 1080
Bigha)

o Technical input – I. lime: 75kg/ha /month (10kg/bigha/month ) @ Rs.10/kg

II. Cow dung: 600kg/ha/month (80kg/bigha/month ) @ Re.1/kg
III. Netting: once per month @ Rs. 300/netting
o Feed Cost – I. Rice bran: 2250kg/ha/yr (300kg/bigha/yr) @ Rs.5/kg
II. Mustard oil cake: 2250kg/ha/yr (300kg/bigha/yr) @ Rs.25/kg
o Medicine – KMnO4 as prophylactic measure @50mg/kg of fish
o Other expenses – Lease value, Miscellaneous expenses(repairing/maintenance charges),Transport
cost etc.
o Human labour – 60 labours/yr @ Rs.150/labor/yr
o Cost of Fingerlings – Rs.120/kg
109
 Output from Fishery (per yr.)
Fish Size Duratio Output Sale(Kg Price/ Total Gross B:C
specie n (Kg) ) Kg Return return ratio
s (Rs.) (Rs.)
Katla 0.133h 1 yr 432 380 160 60,800 98,800 3.83
a
Rohu (1 252 200 150 30,000
Mrigel Bigha) 108 80 100 8,000

Conclusion:-
As the B:C ratio is 3.83 i.e. > 1, so this fishery is
economically viable and the farmer earns good profit
from it.

110
 SELF HELP GROUP[SHG]

❑ Self help groups are informal association of people with similar socio-
economic background who choose to come together to improve their living
beings & collectively perform a common purpose.
❑ These SHGS started working from 2004.
❑ According to OUR SURVEY , there are total 4 number of SHG groups
present in Gobindapur.

111
 Self Help GroupS
SL. NO. NAME OF YEAR OF LEADER
THE ESTABLISH
GROUP MENT MEMBER
1 Bandhan 2004 10 NIVARANI DAS
2 Uphar 2004 10 ANJANA KARMAKAR
3 Janani 2004 10 SUMITA MANDAL
4 Deep 2004 10 RATNA SARKAR

112
Key Activities :
1. Construction of the group.
2. Create accounts of all the group members.(State Bank)
3. 4 types of notebooks are created(Meeting Notebook, Cash
Notebook, Loan Notebook, Deposit Notebook) which are maintained
by the board member of the group; A hand notebook is kept by all the
members of the group.
4. Training provision on goatery, poultry, nutrition, use of compost and
manures, vermicomposting, construction of ladies ornaments, stitch
working etc.
5. Distribution of loan received from the Govt. to all the group with 1%
interest rate for their various working purposes

113
Membership criteria:

• Till 2012, only the BPL women were allowed to get the membership of
these groups. But after 2012 the women who are taking ration of Rs.2/-
and have the digital ration card, are allowed to get the membership.
Advantages:1.Cash deposit. 2.Loan facilities. 3.Training facilities.
4.Interest for the loan is only 1%. 5.Opportunities of unique income
source

114
Problems:

1. The members are not getting proper market.

2. Unable to sell product.
3. Market communication problem.
4. More over work is done by the group leader.
5. Lack of literacy and awareness of the group members.

115
SUCCESS STORY:

The village has become socio-economically developed with the help of these Self
Help groups and also the women of this village has become self dependent by taking
the membership of the groups.As per examples,
• Now they are making the ladies ornaments and bags by using loan with 1%
interest and selling the products to nearby markets and earning enough profit.
• Mrs. kakali Mondal , also the member of the group has started poultry farming .
• From this data we can conclude that these SHGs are taking a vital role in the
socio-economic development of the village.

116