Introduction to
Electronics
Introduction to
Electronics
History
In 600 BC Greeks discovered static electricity by
rubbing wool against amber which would attract
objects.
Amber is the common name for fossil resin or
tree sap that is appreciated for its inherent and
interesting mixture of colors and it is widely used
for the manufacture of ornamental objects.
Although not mineralized, it is sometimes
considered and used as a gemstone. Most of the
world's amber is in the range of 30–90 million
years old. Semi-fossilized resin or sub-fossil amber
is called copal.
Introduction to
Electronics
Types of Electricity
Two forms of electricity Static and
Produced
Static Electricity is an electrical
charge at rest.
Produced Electricity is produced
by either magnetism, chemicals,
light, heat, or pressure.
Introduction to
Electronics
What Amber Looks Like
Electronics
IRE - The Institution of Radio
Engineers has given a definition
of electronics as "that field of
science and engineering, which
deals with electron devices and
their utilization."
Introduction to
Electronics
Types of Electricity
Magnetism – Generator
Chemical – Battery
Light – Photocell (solar cell)
Heat – Thermocouple (nuclear
power)
Pressure - Crystals
Step 1: Basics of Electricity
• Step 1: Basics of
Electricity
Current – Andre’ Ampere’
Voltage – Alessandro
Volta
Andre’
Ampere’ Resistance – George
Ohm
Power – James Watt
Georg
Ohm Current Power
Alessand Voltage Resistance
ro Volta James Watt
Step 2: Electronic
Components
• Step 2 Electronic
Components
Switches and Keyboard
Semiconductors
Transducers
Nikola Resistors
Tesla Capacitors
Component
Electron Tubes
s
Current
Power
Thomas VoltageResistance
Edison
Step 3: Electronic
Circuits
• Step 3: Electronic
Circuits
Signal Generators and
Charles
Wheatstone
Timers
Amplifiers
Digital Circuits
Circuit
Power Supplies
s
Component
Detectors and Mixers s
Filters
Gustav Phase-locked Looks Power
Kirchoff
Current
Converters
Votlage Resistance
Robert Data Acquisition
Noyce
Step 4: Electronic
Systems
• Step 4: Electronic
Systems
System
Communications
Computers
s
Consumer Circuits
Components
Industrial
Test and Measurement
Biomedical
Power
Current
Votlage Resistance
Step 4: Electronic
Systems
• Communications
Systems
Radio
Telecommunications
Heinrich
Hertz Television
Data Communications
Communication
s System
s
Circuits
Components
Guglielmo
Marconi Power
Current
Lee Deforest
John Baird
Votlage Resistance
Step 4: Electronic
Systems
• Computers
Data Terminals
George Boole Computer Systems
Data Storage
Input/Output
John von Devices Computer
Neuman
s
Communicatio
n
Systems
Circuits
Components
Power
Current
Alan
Charles
Votlage Resistance
Turing
Babbage
Step 4: Electronic
Systems
• Consumer
Video Equipment
Audio Equipment
Personal
William
Shockley
Automobile Consume
Electronics r
Computers
Communication
Systems
Circuits
Jack Components
Kilby
Power
Chester Nolan Current
Carlson Bushnell Votlage Resistance
Step 4: Electronic
Systems
• Industrial
Manufacturing
Equipment
Industria
Charles Computer-Aided-Design l
Steinmetz
and Engineering
Consumer
CAD/CAE
Computers
Management
Communication
Werner Von
Siemens Systems
Circuits
Components
Carl
Gauss
Power
Current
James
Votlage Resistance
Joule
Step 4: Electronic
Systems
• Test and Measurement
General Test and
Industrial
Measurement Equipment
Test and
Sir Isaac Automated Test Systems Measurement
Newton
Consumer
Computers
Communication
Systems
Circuits
RAdm Grace
Components
Harper
Power
Benjamin Current
Franklin
John
Votlage Resistance
Napier
Step 4: Electronic
Systems
• Biomedical
Industrial
Patient Care
Luigi Galvani Test and Measurement
Diagnostics
Biomedical
Consumer
Computers
Henry Communication
Cavendish
Systems
Circuits
Components
Sir John Fleming
Power
Current
Votlage Resistance
Review
The study of electronics can be
broken down into four basic
steps:
Step 1 – Basic Electricity
Step 2 – Electronic
Components
Step 3 – Electronic Circuits
Step 4 – Electronic Systems
Review
Step 1: Basics of Electricity
Current – Andre’ Ampere’
Voltage – Alessandro Volta
Resistance – George Ohm
Power – James Watt
Review
Step 2 Electronic Components
Switches and Keyboard
Semiconductors
Transducers
Resistors
Capacitors
Electron Tubes
Magnetic
Review
Step 3: Electronic Circuits
Signal Generators and Timers
Amplifiers
Digital Circuits
Power Supplies
Detectors and Mixers
Filters
Phase-locked Looks
Converters
Data Acquisition
Synthesizers
Review
Step 4: Electronic Systems
Communications
Computers
Consumer
Industrial
Test and Measurement
Biomedical
Introduction to
Electronics
QUESTIONS!?!?!?!?!
People To Research
Andre Ampere Alessandro Volta
Georg Ohm James Watt
Nikola Tesla Michael Faraday
Joseph Henry Thomas Edison
Charles Wheatstone Gustav Kirchoff
Rene Descartes Robert Noyce
Guglielmo Marconi Lee Deforest
Heinrich Hertz John Baird
People To Research
George Boole John von Neuman
Charles Babbage Alan Turing
William Shockley Jack Kilby
Chester Carlson Nolan Bushnell
Charles Steinmetz Werner von
Siemens
James Joule Carl Gauss
John A. Napier Grace Hopper
Benjamin Franklin Luigi Glavani
Henry Cavendish John Flemming
Inventor Contribution
investigated magnetism &
William Gilbert 1544 - 1603
static electricity
invented first electrostatic
Otto von Guericke 1602 - 1686
generator
studied electrostatic
Francis Hauksbee 1666 - 1713 repulsion, first mercury vapor
light
studied infrared emission &
measured conservation of
Emilie du Chatelet 1706 - 1749
energy (leading towards
E=MC² equation)
studied electrical charges &
labeled them "positive" &
Benjamin Franklin 1706 - 1790
"negative", and a whole lot
more!
discovered electrical effects
Luigi Galvani 1737 - 1798 between different metals, and
in biological cells
Inventor Contribution
developed the forerunner of the
Alessandro Volta 1745 - 1827
electric battery
established a measurable
André Marie Ampère 1775 - 1836 relationship between electricity
and magnetism
developed experiments in
Hans Christian Oersted 1777 - 1851
electromagnetism
experimented with electrical
charges and magnetism, and
Carl Friedrich Gauss 1777 – 1855
established a method for
measuring magnetic fields
his work led to the mathematical
relationship between voltage,
Georg Simon Ohm 1789 - 1854
current, and resistance called
"Ohm's Law"
developed measurement methods
Michael Faraday 1791 - 1867 in capacitance & electromotive
force
discovered electromagnetic self-
inductance, and invented the
Joseph Henry 1797 - 1878 electromagnetic relay - leading to
the telegraph. the henry, or H, is
a unit of inductance
Inventor Contribution
developed theories on conservation of
James Prescott Joule 1818 - 1889 energy, thermodynamics, and
resistance heating
(a.k.a. Lord Kelvin) studied
Sir William Thompson 1824 - 1907 thermodynamics & proposed an
absolute temperature scale
developed a set of differential
equations known as "maxwell's
James Clerk Maxwell 1831 - 1879 Equations", which describe
electromagnetic radiation and its
interaction with matter
one of several inventors of the
telephone. also invented the
Alexander Graham Bell 1847 - 1922
photophone which transmitted sound
over light waves
Photograph , development of the
Thomas A. Edison 1847 - 1931
incandescent lighting system
developed an alternating current
system of generators, motors, and
Nikola Tesla 1856 - 1943 transmission lines - the same system
we use today! also a whole lot more
that's still ahead of its time!
Inventor Contribution
best known for the hertz, or Hz. (a
unit of frequency), he also made
discoveries in electromagnetic
Heinrich Hertz 1857 - 1894 transmission and the photoelectric
effect, and developed the spark-
gap transmitter and dipole
antenna
invented the audion vacuum tube
Lee de Forest 1873 - 1961 which amplified weak electric
signals
built upon earlier ideas and
Guglielmo
1874 - 1937 patents to develop a widely used
Marconi
radio system
An American inventor considered
Philo Farnsworth 1906 - 1971 to be the father of the television
system
Inventor Contribution
co-invented the solid-state
1910 - transistor with John Bardeen and
William Shockley
1989 Walter Brattain, leading to the
creation of Silicon Valley
patented the first integrated circuit
1923 - while at Texas Instruments, then
Jack Kilby
2005 later patented the portable
calculator
further developed the integrated
1927 -
Robert Noyce circuit to include more transistors
1990
on a silicon substrate
co-founded Intel in 1968 & known
for "Moore's Law" which observes
Gordon Moore born 1929
that integrated circuit complexity
doubles every 2 years
