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Wrist Joint

The wrist joint is a synovial ellipsoid joint formed between the distal radius, articular disc, and carpal bones, allowing movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction. It is supported by a capsule and ligaments, with nerve supply from the anterior interosseous and deep branch of the radial nerve. Key muscles involved in its movements include the flexor and extensor carpi muscles, as well as various tendons and nerves that relate to the joint's anatomy.

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36 views14 pages

Wrist Joint

The wrist joint is a synovial ellipsoid joint formed between the distal radius, articular disc, and carpal bones, allowing movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction. It is supported by a capsule and ligaments, with nerve supply from the anterior interosseous and deep branch of the radial nerve. Key muscles involved in its movements include the flexor and extensor carpi muscles, as well as various tendons and nerves that relate to the joint's anatomy.

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WRIST JOINT

DR. HAMID HUSSAIN BSPT, PP-DPT


Articulation
Between the distal end of the radius and
the articular disc above and the scaphoid,
lunate, and triquetral bones below The
proximal articular surface forms an ellipsoid
concave surface, which is adapted to the
distal ellipsoid convex surface.
Type: Synovial ellipsoid joint
Capsule
The capsule encloses the joint and is
attached above to the distal ends of the
radius and ulna and below to the proximal
row of carpal bones.
Ligaments
Anterior and posterior ligaments strengthen
the capsule. The medial ligament is
attached to the styloid process of the ulna
and to the triquetral bone The lateral
ligament is attached to the styloid process
of the radius and to the scaphoid bone
Synovial membrane
This lines the capsule and is attached to
the margins of the articular surfaces. The
joint cavity does not communicate with that
of the distal radioulnar joint or with the
joint cavities of the intercarpal joints.

Nerve supply: Anterior interosseous nerve


and the deep branch of the radial nerve
Movements

The following movements are possible:


flexion, extension, abduction, adduction,
and circumduction. Rotation is not possible
because the articular surfaces are ellipsoid
shaped. The lack of rotation is
compensated for by the movements of
pronation and supination of the forearm.
Flexion
Flexion is performed by the flexor carpi
radialis, the flexor carpi ulnaris, and the
palmaris longus. These muscles are
assisted by the flexor digitorum
superficialis, the flexor digitorum
profundus, and the flexor pollicis longus.
Extension
Extension is performed by the extensor
carpi radialis longus, the extensor carpi
radialis brevis, and the extensor carpi
ulnaris. These muscles are assisted by the
extensor digitorum, the extensor indicis,
the extensor digiti minimi, and the extensor
pollicis longus.
Abduction and Adduction
Abduction is performed by the flexor carpi
radialis and the extensor carpi radialis
longus and brevis. These muscles are
assisted by the abductor pollicis longus and
extensor pollicis longus and brevis.
Adduction is performed by the flexor and
extensor carpi ulnaris.
IMPORTANT RELATIONS
Anteriorly: The tendons of the flexor digitorum
profundus and superficialis, the flexor pollicis
longus, the flexor carpi radialis, the flexor carpi
ulnaris, and the median and ulnar nerves
Posteriorly: The tendons of the extensor carpi
ulnaris, the extensor digiti minimi, the extensor
digitorum, the extensor indicis, the extensor carpi
radialis longus and brevis, the extensor pollicis
longus and brevis, and the abductor pollicis longus
Medially: The posterior cutaneous branch of the
ulnar nerve
Laterally: The radial artery

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