Air Pollution
Understanding the Social Engineering Implications
Introduction
Air pollution is the presence of harmful substances in the air due to natural causes like
wildfires and human activities such as vehicle emissions and industrial waste. Major
pollutants include CO₂, SO₂, NOₓ, and particulate matter, which cause health issues like
respiratory diseases and heart problems. It also leads to environmental problems like
climate change, acid rain, and smog. Cities like Delhi and Beijing often experience
severe air pollution. The Air Quality Index (AQI) measures pollution levels. Governments
enforce regulations, and individuals can help by using public transport, reducing waste,
and planting trees. Tackling air pollution is essential for a healthier future.
01
Causes
Industrial Emissions
Industrial emissions release harmful gases like CO₂, SO₂, and NOₓ
into the air, causing pollution. Factories and power plants burning
fossil fuels contribute to smog, acid rain, and climate change.
These pollutants harm human health, leading to respiratory
diseases and other issues. Using clean energy and stricter
regulations can help reduce industrial pollution.
Vehicle Exhaust
Vehicle exhaust is a major source of air pollution, releasing harmful gases
like carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and particulate matter.
These emissions contribute to smog, acid rain, and global warming while
also causing respiratory and heart diseases. Heavy traffic and older
vehicles worsen pollution levels, especially in urban areas. Using electric
vehicles, public transport, and cleaner fuels can help reduce vehicle
emissions.
Agricultural Practices
Agricultural practices contribute to air
pollution through the use of chemical
fertilizers, pesticides, and burning crop
residues. Livestock farming releases
methane (CH₄), a greenhouse gas that
worsens global warming. Dust and
particulate matter from plowing and
harvesting also pollute the air. Additionally,
ammonia (NH₃) from fertilizers reacts with
other pollutants to form harmful fine
particles. Sustainable farming methods,
organic fertilizers, and controlled burning
can help reduce agricultural pollution.
02
Effects
Health Issues
Air pollution causes severe health issues, especially respiratory and
cardiovascular diseases. Inhaling pollutants like particulate matter (PM2.5,
PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) can lead to asthma,
lung infections, and chronic bronchitis. Long-term exposure increases the
risk of heart disease, stroke, and even lung cancer. Polluted air also affects
the immune system, making people more vulnerable to infections. Children,
elderly individuals, and those with pre-existing conditions are most at risk.
Eye irritation, headaches, and fatigue are common short-term effects.
Reducing pollution through clean energy and sustainable practices is crucial
for public health.
Environmental Impact
Air pollution has severe environmental impacts,
contributing to climate change, acid rain, and
global warming. Greenhouse gases like CO₂
and methane trap heat, leading to rising
temperatures and extreme weather. Acid rain,
caused by sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen
oxides (NOₓ), damages soil, water bodies, and
buildings. Smog reduces air quality, harms
plant growth, and affects biodiversity. Pollutants
also contaminate water sources, making them
unsafe for marine life. Deforestation and habitat
destruction worsen due to increased pollution
levels. Reducing emissions and promoting
sustainable practices are essential to protecting
the environment.
Economic Consequences
Air pollution has significant economic
consequences, including increased
healthcare costs for treating diseases
caused by polluted air. Additionally, it
affects productivity due to health-related
absences from work and reduces
agricultural yields. The economic burden of
air pollution is felt in many sectors, further
emphasizing the need for effective pollution
control measures.
Conclusions
Air pollution remains a critical challenge
that requires immediate action.
Understanding its causes and effects is
essential in driving policies and measures
aimed at improving air quality and public
health. Collaborative efforts between
governments, industries, and communities
are necessary to mitigate these impacts
and create a healthier environment.
THANK YOU
RA2311028010020 K.SRIKAR
RA2311028010010 M. MAHESH
RA2311028010052 M.RISHI DATTA
RA2311028010035 G.JASWANTH
RA2311028010031 THANUSH
