ROOT CANAL SEALERS
Dr.Shaheen
Contents
Introduction
Idea Requirements
Classifications
Sealers
Sealer Consistency
Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION
Definition: Root canal sealers are used in
conjunction with biologically acceptable
semisolid or solid obturating materials to
establish an adequate seal of the root canal
system.
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Grossman’s Ideal Requirements for a Sealer
Provide an excellent seal when into the canals
set Be easily removed if necessary
Produce adequate adhesion Be insoluble in tissue fluids
between itself, the canal walls,
Be bactericidal or discourage
and the filling material
bacterial growth
Be radiopaque
Be nonirritating to periradicular
Be nonstaining tissues
Be dimensionally stable Be slow setting to ensure
Be easily mixed and introduced sufficient working
CLASSIFICATION
COMMONLY USED SEALERS OTHER AVAILABLE SEALERS
Zinc-oxide–eugenol-based sealers Calcium hydroxide sealers
Epoxy resin-based sealers Silicone sealers
Calcium silicate–based sealers Glass ionomer–based sealers
(CSBS) Other resin-based sealers
Medicated sealers (not
recommended)
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Zinc Oxide-Eugenol-Based
Sealers- Long History of having been successful in
Endodontics
- Most of the sealers in common use contain zinc
oxide resin as a base ingredient of the powder. The
liquid usually consists of eugenol alone or in
combination with other liquids such as Canada
balsam.
- Included in this group are the following:
• Grossman’s cement: Roth’s 801 sealer (Roth
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Grossman developed a nonstaining cement that meets most of
the ideal requirements for a root canal sealer. Its Composition is:
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Grossman’s cement hardens in approximately 2 hours at 37°C
and 100% relative humidity.
SETTING TIME:
It begins to set in the root canal within 10–30 minutes because of
the moisture present in dentin.
It is also influenced by the quality of the zinc oxide and the pH of
the resin used, the care and technique in mixing the cement
to its proper consistency, the amount of humidity in the
atmosphere, and the temperature and dryness of the mixing
slab and spatula.
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Tissue tolerance of this sealer is satisfactory, with little inflammation
and no inhibition of repair.
MANIPULATION
The sealer is mixed on a sterile glass slab with a sterile spatula.
Depending on the number of canals to be filled, one uses 2 or 3
drops of the liquid.
Slowly, small increments of cement powder are added to the liquid
while spatulating it to a smooth, creamy mix.
The spatulation time depends on the number of drops of liquid used,
a minute per drop.
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EPOXY RESIN–BASED SEALERS
AH26 (Dentsply DeTrey) is an AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey): a
epoxy resin containing a nontoxic modified formulation of AH26
hardener. Radiopacity is imparted • working time of almost 4
to it by bismuth oxide. hours
• It has strong adhesive • setting time of 8 hours.
properties and contracts • Does not release
slightly while hardening. formaldehyde and is currently
However, it was found to one of the most commonly
release formaldehyde during used endodontic root canal
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setting. sealer.
Its Composition is:
Paste A Paste B
• Epoxy resin • Adamantaneamine
• Calcium tungstate -N
• Zirconium oxide • Calcium tungstate
• Silica • Zirconium oxide
• Iron oxide • Silica–silicone oil
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ADVANTAGES
Good sealing ability
Biocompatibility to periapical tissues
Moderate antimicrobial activity
Dentinal adhesion
Long working time and ease of manipulation
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Tissue tolerance of this sealer is satisfactory, with little inflammation
and no inhibition of repair.
MANIPULATION
The sealer is mixed on a sterile glass slab with a sterile spatula.
Depending on the number of canals to be filled, one uses 2 or 3
drops of the liquid.
Slowly, small increments of cement powder are added to the liquid
while spatulating it to a smooth, creamy mix.
The spatulation time depends on the number of drops of liquid used,
a minute per drop.
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CALCIUM SILICATE BASED SEALERS
Tricalcium silicate is one of the main components of MTA and is now
the focus of the newer generation of bioceramic sealers.
BioRoot RCS (Septodont) BC Sealer (FKG)
Composition: Zirconium oxide, Powder: Tricalcium silicate,
dicalcium silicate, tricalcium zirconium oxide, povidone
silicate, calcium phosphate Liquid: Aqueous solution of
monobasic, calcium calcium chloride and
hydroxide, filler and polycarboxylate
thickening agents. TotalFill
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CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
o Tricalcium silicate sealers set by reaction with water to form a
matrix of calcium silicate hydrates and calcium hydroxide (alkaline
pH of 12), followed by the precipitation of calcium phosphate.
o Sealing properties comparable to those of epoxy resin sealers.
o Bocompatible and have the potential to provide a
bioactive surface with stimulation of hard-tissue
formation.
o They also exhibit antibacterial properties.
o Recommended to be used along with cold
lateral condensation or single-cone obturation
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CALCIUM HYDROXIDE-BASED SEALERS
Sealapex (SybronEndo) Calcibiotic Root Canal Sealer
A non-eugenol, calcium hydroxide (CRCS). Set CRCS contains 14% by
polymeric resin root canal sealer weight of calcium hydroxide. (ZnO
available in a base catalyst system. type)
The base contains zinc oxide, Apexit Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent) is
calcium hydroxide, butyl benzene, a two-paste sealer system with the
sulfonamide, and zinc stearate. The base paste containing calcium
catalyst contains resin, isobutyl hydroxide and the activator paste
salicylate, barium sulfate, titanium comprising disalicylate, bismuth
dioxide, and aerosol. hydroxide/bismuth carbonate, and
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fillers.
SILICONE SEALERS
RoekoSeal (Coltène/Whaledent, Germany) is a
polyvinylsiloxane that has been reported to expand slightly on
setting.
GuttaFlow (Coltène) has a cold flowable matrix that is
triturated. It consists of gutta-percha added to RoekoSeal. The
material is provided in capsules for trituration. The technique
involves injection of the material into the canal, followed by
placement of a single master cone.
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GLASS IONOMER - BASED SEALERS
Glass ionomers have been advocated as root canal sealers for
their dentin-bonding ability.
Ketac Endo (3M ESPE) is an example of a glass ionomer
sealer.
Activ GP (Brasseler) consists of a glass ionomer–
impregnated gutta-percha cone with a glass ionomer external
coating and a glass ionomer sealer
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OTHER SEALERS
EndoREZ (Ultradent Products) is a methacrylate resin with
hydrophilic properties. When used with EndoREZ resin-coated gutta-
percha cones, the dual-cure EndoREZ sealer bonds to both the canal
walls and the core material.
Diaket, a polyvinyl resin (3M ESPE), consists of a powder composed
of bismuth phosphate and zinc oxide and a liquid consisting of
dichlorophen, triethanolamine, propionylacetophenone, and
copolymers of vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, and vinyl isobutyl ether.
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OTHER SEALERS
Epiphany (Pentron Clinical Technologies) and RealSeal
(SybronEndo) have been introduced for use with a new core
material, Resilon (Pentron Clinical Technologies). The
manufacturers claim that these sealers can bond to both the
canal wall and the core Resilon core material to create a
“monoblock effect.
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MEDICATED SEALERS
Medicated sealers are no longer indicated in routing
endodontic practice. These include paraformaldehyde
sealers such as Endomethasone, N2, and Reibler’s paste
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SEALER CONSISTENCY
Root canal sealer should be mixed according to the
manufacturer’s instructions.
The completed mix can be tested for proper consistency by
raising the flat blade of the spatula up from the mixed mass.
The cement should “string out” for at least 10 cm before
breaking.
Another test for consistency is that the suspended mix should
cling to the inverted spatula blade for 10–15 seconds before
dropping from the spatula. The cement is now coated into the
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dried root canal.
SEALER CONSISTENCY
As moisture accelerates the set of many sealers, the pulp
chamber and canals should be thoroughly dried before
inserting the cement.
Small amount of cement is carried into the canal using a
Lentulo spiral or the master cone. This procedure prevents air
bubbles from being trapped in the cement. Coat the walls of
the canal with a thin layer of cement by means of a lateral or
rotary motion. Avoid forcing any cement into the periradicular
tissues
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Summary
Root canal sealers are curcial in
endodontics, filling gaps between
the core material and canal walls.
They provide hermetic seal,
preventing microleakage. Their
selection impacts long-term
treatment success
0 /61/ /2290/ X
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Thank
ANAND MATHEW JOHNY
IV BDS
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