Network connecting device

Network connecting device

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  Network connecting device
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  IntroductionNetworking is aform of telecommunication between computers where they exchange data with a data link. One computer-network everyone is familiar with is the internet. Computer nodes or hosts are able to excess, create, delete and alter data that is on this network. If a device can transmit information to another device, they are considered to be networking. In this article are talking about the different network devices like; Hub Repeater Switch Modem Router
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  1.HUB A Ethernet Hub(multi-port repeater) is a small rectangular electronic network hardware device that connects many computers and other network devices to form a single central switching point. Once connected through the hub, all computers and network devices communicate with each other. The number of ports that an Ethernet hub varies from four and five ports to eight and sixteen ports. Original Ethernet hubs only offered 10 Mbps speeds, newer hubs now offer 100 Mbps support which usually offer both 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps capabilities.
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  Advantages of hubs Followingare the benefits or advantages of Hubs: It can extend total distance of the network.➨ It does not affect performance of the➨ network seriously. It is cheaper.➨ It can connect different media types.➨
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  Disadvantages of hub Followingare the disadvantages of Hubs: ➨It does not have mechanisms such as collision detection and retransmission of packets. It does not operate in full duplex mode.➨ It can not connect different network architectures such as➨ token ring and Ethernet etc. It can not filter information i.e. it passes packets to all the➨ connected segments. It does not have mechanism to reduce the network traffic.➨
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  2.Repeater Network device usedto regenerate or replicate a signal. Repeaters are used in transmission systems to regenerate analog or digital signals distorted by transmission loss. Analog repeaters frequently can only amplify the signal while digital repeaters can reconstruct a signal to near its original quality. In a data network, a repeater can relay messages between sub networks that different protocols or cable types.
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  Advantages of repeater Repeaterscan extend a network total distance Repeaters do not seriously affect network performance Certain repeaters can connect networks using different physical media.
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  Disadvantages of repeater Repeaterscannot connect different network architectures. Repeaters do not reduce network traffic. The number of repeaters must be limited. Repeaters do not segment the network. Too many repeaters on a network create noise on the wire and increase the likelihood of packet collisions. Devices that are separated only by a repeater are part of the same collision domain.
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  3.Switches A network switchis a multiport network bridge that uses hardware addresses to process and forward data at the data link layer(layer 2) of the OSI model. Some switches can also process data at the network layer (layer 3) by additionally incorporating routing functionality. Such switches are commonly known as layer-3 switches or multilayer switches. Switches for Ethernet are the most common form of network switch. The first Ethernet switch was introduced by Kalpana in 1990.Switches also exist for other types of networks including Fiber Channel, Asynchronous Transfer Mode, and InfiniBand.
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  Advantages of switches Switchesincrease available network bandwidth Switches reduce the workload on individual computers Switches increase network performance Networks that include switches experience fewer frame collisions because switches create collision domains for each connection (a process called micro segmentation) Switches connect directly to workstations.
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  Disadvantages of switches Theyare significantly more expensive then bridges. Network connectivity can be difficult to trace through a switch. Broadcast traffic may be troublesome on a switches.
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  4.Modem A modem isa hardware device that converts data between transmission media so that it can be transmitted from computer to computer . The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data. Modems can be used with any means of transmitting analog signals from light-emitting diodes to radio. A common type of modem is one that turns the digital data of a computer into modulated electrical signal for transmission over telephone lines and demodulated by another modem at the receiver side to recover the digital data.
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  Advantages of modems Itconvert digital signal to analog signal. Modem is not expensive. Higher transmission speed.
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  Disadvantages of modems Externalmodem do not allow you to mobility with laptop but it does provide faster connection and less power taker. Internal modem allow you mobility to use wireless internet at hot spot but connection is slower and power uptake greater.
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  5.Router A router isa networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the Internet. Data sent through the internet, such as a web page or email, is in the form of data packets. A packet is typically forwarded from one router to another router through the networks that constitute an internetwork until it reaches its destination node. A router is connected to two or more data lines from different networks. When a data packet comes in on one of the lines, the router reads the network address information in the packet to determine the ultimate destination. Then, using information in its routing table or routing policy, it directs the packet to the next network on its journey.
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  Advantages of router Routerscan connect different network architectures, such as Ethernet and Token Ring. Router can choose the best path across an internetwork using dynamic routing techniques. Routers reduce network traffic by creating collision domains. Routers reduce network traffic by creating broadcast domains.
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  Disadvantages of router Theyoperate based on routable network protocols. They are expensive compare to other network devices.➨ Dynamic router communications can cause additional network➨ overhead. This results into less bandwidth for user data. They are slower as they need to analyze data from layer-1 through➨ layer-3. They require considerable amount of initial configurations.➨ They are protocol dependent devices which must understand the➨ protocol they are forwarding.
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  Thank you any question?