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Les armes psychochimiques et le droit international

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LES ARMES PSYCHOCHIMIQUES ET LE DROIT INTERNATIONAL

Henri MEYROWITZ

INTRODUCTION. I. — LES AGENTS PSYCHOCHIMIQUES CONSIDERES COMME DES ARMES.

IL — LES AGENTS PSYCHOCHIMIQUES CONSIDERES COMME DES ARMES CHIMIQUES.

SI. — Les agents psychochimiques et l'interdiction du poison. § 2. — Les agents psychochimiques et l'interdiction des armes chimiques.

A. — La déclaration de La Haye de 1899 relative aux gaz asphyxiants ou

délétères.

B. — Le protocole de Genève de 1925.

C. — Le droit coutumier de la guerre chimique.

III. — LES AGENTS PSYCHOCHIMIQUES CONSIDERES COMME DES ARMES PSYCHOLOGIQUES.

§ 1. — La légalité des armes psychologiques.

S 2. — Les armes dépersonnalisantes.

§ 3. — Les agents psychochimiques et l'interdiction des moyens perfides.

CONCLUSIONS.

Introduction

C'est un fait que, dans les dissertations des experts militaires comme dans la pensée du grand public, les armes atomiques se trouvent associées aux armes chimiques et biologiques pour former la trinité des armes A-B-C (1) . A cet égard, l'introduction des armes nucléaires dans la stratégie et dans la

(*) Henri Meyrowitz, Docteur en droit, avocat à la Cour de Paris. Auteur de La répression par les tribunaux allemands des crimes contre l'humanité et de l'appartenance à une organisation criminelle (Paris, L.G.D.J., 1960); Les juristes devant l'arme nucléaire, R.G.D.I.P., 1963, pp. 820-873.

(1) Cette trinité a trouvé une expression juridique dans les accords de Paris du 23 octobre 1954. Aux termes du protocole n° m, relatif au contrôle des armements, la République fédérale d'Allemagne « s'est engagée à ne pas fabriquer sur son territoire d'armes atomiques, biologiques et chimiques ».

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