11.8 Hide everything from a chunk

Sometimes we may want to execute a code chunk without showing any output at all. Instead of using separate options mentioned in Section 11.7, we can suppress the entire output of the code chunk using a single option include = FALSE, e.g.,

```{r, include=FALSE}
# any R code here
```

With include=FALSE, the code chunk will be evaluated (unless eval=FALSE), but the output will be completely suppressed—you will not see any code, text output, messages, or plots.