B cells and t cells

T cell activation B cells cytokines

Effector functions of B and T cells👇 📎B cells exhibit their effector functions through the recognition of diverse antigens via their B cell receptors (BCRs). Upon encountering antigens, B cells undergo activation and differentiation into antibody-secreting plasma cells (a). These plasma cells play a pivotal role in humoral immunity by producing large quantities of antibodies that target and neutralize pathogens. 📎T helper (TH) cells execute their effector functions by detecting antigens…

B cell & T cell

The lymph node👇 📎The lymph node serves as a critical site where B cells and T cells converge. Naïve B and T cells exit the bloodstream by traversing the wall of the high endothelial venule of an artery as it passes through the lymph node. Once inside, both cell types proceed to migrate towards different zones within the lymph node, guided by a gradient of specific chemokines. 📎Dendritic cells take a different route to enter the lymph node. They utilize afferent lymphatic vessels as their…

Lymphocytes are mononucleate, nongranular leukocytes of lymphoid tissue, participating in immunity. They are found in blood, lymph and ly...

The immune system is made up of different immune organs and tissues located all over the body. The immune organs are categorized based on their functions and there are two ... Read more The post Cells of Immune System- Types and Examples appeared first on Microbe Notes.

Maturation of B and T cells👇 📎Pro-B cells in the bone marrow and pro-T cells in the thymus have to learn expressing their BCR or TCR, respectively. In this multistep process first the heavy and then the light chain of the BCR (or first the β and then the α chain of TCR) are expressed and functionally tested. 📎Cells failing the checkpoints of this lymphocyte maturation process are negatively selected and die by apoptosis. Positive selection is used for perfectly expressed antigen receptors…

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Incidence of cytokine release syndrome was minimal with the investigational therapy

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B cells are major cells of humoral immunity, effector B cells produce antibodies. Find what Killer T-cells' and 'helper T-cells' do?

"B cells and T cells have surface receptors that allow them to recognize specific antigens. The CD marker identifies the type of T cell."

Phases of B cell responses👇 📎B cell responses occur in several distinct phases. The process begins when a naïve B cell clone is activated. This activation happens when its specific antigen binds to the B cell receptor (BCR) on the cell's surface. 📎Once activated, the B cell receives additional stimuli, often through cytokines produced by T helper (TH) cells or other immune cells. These stimuli induce the B cell to undergo clonal expansion, where it proliferates and increases in number…

Humoral and cell-mediated immunity👇 📎The adaptive immune system can be distinguished into a humoral part, which is mediated by antibodies secreted by B cells (left), and a component represented by TH cells coordinating the action of other immune cells (center) and cytotoxic T cells destructing infected and transformed cells (right). 📎This division illustrates the two main branches of adaptive immunity: humoral immunity, which involves the production of antibodies by B cells, and…